JP3820113B2 - Excavator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is, for example, relates to excavation work machine such as a backhoe.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a small backhoe, there is one described in JP-A-9-60039.
In this backhoe, a swing machine body is provided on a traveling device so as to be rotatable about an axis in the vertical direction, and a boom pivoted to the swing machine body via a lateral pivot shaft, There is provided an excavator having an arm pivotably attached to a tip end and a bucket provided at the tip end of the arm so as to be squeezable and dumpable.
[0003]
A control valve unit that supplies hydraulic oil to various actuators that drive the excavator and the crawler traveling device is mounted inside the revolving machine body.
Since the boom of the excavator swings up and down around the pivot, a flexible hydraulic hose is employed as a hydraulic pipe for supplying hydraulic oil to each hydraulic cylinder provided on the boom. Is piped with a margin in length at the pivot part of the boom.
In the above-described conventional backhoe, when the flexible hydraulic hose is piped in a state where there is a margin in the length of the pivoting portion of the boom, the hydraulic hose is located behind the pivot of the boom (revolving machine body side). (See FIG. 6 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-60039).
[0004]
For this reason, in the conventional backhoe, the hydraulic hose is greatly inflated rearward when the boom is raised to the maximum, and the living space on the swivel body is restricted by the amount of the inflated hydraulic hose, and the inflated hydraulic hose is obstructive. It became the cause which deteriorated operability.
Further, the conventional boom (boom structure) has a boom base portion extending in a bifurcated shape from the boom body, a collar or a bush is interposed therebetween, and the boom root portion is sandwiched between the two portions of the swing bracket. The boom was pivotally mounted so that it could move up and down by inserting the horizontal pivot.
[0005]
For this reason, it is necessary to machine the bifurcated root portion of the long boom structure, which is troublesome and deteriorates the machining accuracy.
In order to solve such problems, the present applicant has proposed the following excavation work machine in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-96610 (conventional example).
That is, “in an excavation work machine in which a swing bracket is pivotally attached to a swivel so that it can rotate about a vertical axis, and a base portion of a boom structure is provided on the swing bracket so as to be movable up and down via a lateral pivot. , The swing bracket is sandwiched by the root portion of the boom structure, and is pivotally attached to the lateral pivot to form a space surrounded by the root portion in front of the pivot, and the hydraulic oil that has passed through the swing bracket Excavation work machine characterized in that a hose group for passing through the space upward from the bottom. "And" a swing bracket is pivotally attached to a swivel base so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis, In an excavation work machine equipped with a bracket with the base part of the boom structure movable up and down via a lateral pivot, the base part of the boom structure is placed sideways with the swing bracket A space surrounded by the root portion is formed in front of the pivot, and a group of hoses for hydraulic oil that has passed through the swing bracket passes through the space upward from below. Excavator characterized by being. "
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described conventional example (proposed technology), although various problems due to the expansion of the hose group accompanying the vertical movement of the boom can be solved, the hose group is not guided in the space. It was something that could not be prevented.
In order to prevent this swelling completely, if the base is formed long and the space is expanded (enlarged), the moment with respect to the pivot becomes excessive, resulting in factors such as stress concentration and reduced excavation performance. It was.
[0007]
The present invention maintains the advantages of the above-described proposed technique as it is, a simple method of forming the guide surface of the hose group in the two-furnace root part (two-branch root part), and completely suppressing the swelling of the hose, The object is to provide an excavation work machine that has good visibility and can greatly improve excavation performance.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The problem solving means of the present invention is as follows.
First, the swing bracket 16 is pivotally attached to the swivel base 7 so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis, and the bifurcated root portion 20A of the boom structure 20 is vertically moved to the swing bracket 16 via the lateral pivot 18. The swing bracket 16 is pivotally attached to a lateral pivot 18 in a state where the swing bracket 16 is sandwiched between the two branches 20A of the boom structure 20, and is surrounded by the bifurcated root 20A in front of the pivot 18. A hose group P that forms a space A, connects a control valve provided on the swivel base 7 and a cylinder provided on the boom structure 20 side, and supplies and discharges hydraulic oil. In excavation work machine that is passing upward from
2 The base of the previous SL 2 The base portion 20A, guide surface A1 for guiding the hose group P is formed to be inclined downward toward the upper surface of the base boom 20B to pivot 18, the boom structure of the guide surface A1 20 is provided with a clamp body 26 along the guide surface A1 of the hose group P that has passed through the space A from the bottom upward in the bifurcated root portion 20A on the upper surface side,
A hose guide rod 27 for preventing useless movement of the hose group P is provided on the upper surface of the swing bracket 16 .
[0009]
Second, a swing bracket 16 is pivotally attached to the swivel base 7 so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis, and the bifurcated root portion 20A of the boom structure 20 is vertically moved to the swing bracket 16 via a lateral pivot 18. The bifurcated root portion 20A of the boom structure 20 is sandwiched between the swing brackets 16 and is pivotally attached to the lateral pivot shaft 18 and is surrounded by the bifurcated root portion 20A in front of the pivot shaft 18. A hose group P that forms a space A, connects a control valve provided on the swivel base 7 and a cylinder provided on the boom structure 20 side, and supplies and discharges hydraulic oil. In excavation work machine that is passing upward from
A guide surface A1 for guiding the hose group P is formed on the two-pronged base portion of the bifurcated root portion 20A so as to be inclined downward from the upper surface of the boom main body 20B toward the pivot 18, and the boom structure 20 of the guide surface A1. On the upper surface side, a clamp body 26 is provided in the bifurcated root portion 20A along the guide surface A1 with the hose group P passing through the space A from the bottom upward.
A hose guide rod 27 for preventing useless movement of the hose group P is provided on the upper surface of the swing bracket 16.
[0010]
Third, a bent length absorbing portion P-10 for absorbing a difference in hose length associated with the vertical movement of the boom structure 20 is formed inside the swivel base 7 .
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of an excavating work machine (backhoe) 1. A running device 3 exemplified by left and right crawlers 2 can travel by driving a drive sprocket by a traveling motor 4 such as hydraulic pressure.
A swivel base (swivel machine body) 7 is swiveled around the vertical axis OO through a swivel bearing 6 on the track frame 5 that substantially supports the left and right crawlers 2 on the traveling device 3 (rotated 360 °). A dozer 8 is provided at the front of the track frame 5 between the left and right crawlers 2.
[0012]
An engine 9 is mounted on the upper surface of the rear part of the swivel base 7. The engine 9 is covered with a bonnet (airframe cover) 10 and protected by a protector 11, and a seat 12 is provided on the bonnet 10.
The driving control apparatus including the seat 12 is surrounded by a cabin 13, and an entrance / exit door 14 is provided at an entrance / exit of the cabin 13 so as to be openable / closable.
A mounting bracket 15 is fixed to the middle part of the front edge of the swivel base 7 as a forward protruding shape, and a swing bracket 16 is swingable to the mounting bracket 15 via a vertical axis 17 (around the vertical axis). The swing bracket 16 is pivotally attached to the swing bracket 16 and the swivel base 7, and a swing cylinder (not shown) exemplified by an expansion / contraction cylinder is interposed between the swing bracket 16 and the swing bracket 16 by the expansion / contraction operation of the cylinder. Swing operation is possible in the left-right direction.
[0013]
The swing bracket 16 is provided with an excavator 19 that can move up and down via a pivot 18 that is a horizontal axis in the horizontal direction. The excavator 19 includes a boom structure 20 and a tip of the structure 20 (top connection portion). ) And the arm 21 or the like that is mounted (pivotally mounted) as a undulating (bendable / extendable) arm. The bucket 22 is rotatable at the tip of the arm 21 (a squeeze operation or a scraping operation and a discharge operation or loading). This excavator 19 is capable of excavating work such as digging, loading work, and the like by expansion and contraction of hydraulic actuators such as the boom cylinder 23, the arm cylinder 24, and the bucket cylinder 25.
[0014]
Details of the configuration of the boom structure 20 and the movement (behavior) of the hose group P accompanying the behavior (vertical movement) will be described with reference to FIGS.
1 and 2, the boom structure 20 has a boomerang shape in a side view, and is tapered from a bent portion at a middle portion in the longitudinal direction toward a bottom connecting portion (a bifurcated root portion) 20A and a top connecting portion 20C. Thus, a boomerang-shaped (bow-shaped or L-shaped) boom body 20B is configured in a side view.
As shown in FIG. 2 (3), the boom structure 20 has a box shape in cross section and is hollow inside, and four corners on the top, bottom, left and right are chamfered 20B-1, and a metal such as a steel plate or an iron plate. A pair of U-shaped members 20B-2 obtained by pressing or bending a plate material are butted against each other, and the butted portions are welded and joined 20B-3 along the boom longitudinal direction.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 1, the bottom connecting portion (two-folded base portion) 20A of the boom structure 20 has a fitting portion 20E that fits in the slot as shown in FIG. In addition, a pair of arms 20F on both the left and right sides as a base is rearwardly expanded (a pair of arms 20F that spread outwardly and parallel to each other), and an insertion hole 20F-1 of the pivot 18 is formed at a portion opposite to the pair of arms 20F. Is formed.
The bottom connecting portion 20A is entirely made of metal like cast steel, and is joined by fitting the fitting portion 20E into the base opening portion 20D and welding the fitting periphery.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1 (2), the swing bracket 16 is pivotally attached by a lateral pivot 18 in a state where it is sandwiched between two arms 20A of the boom structure 20, specifically, a pair of arms 20F. A space A surrounded by a bifurcated root portion 20A is formed in front of 18, and a hose group P for hydraulic oil is passed through the space A from below upward.
The bifurcated base portion of the bifurcated root portion 20A is formed with a guide surface A1 of a hose group P that is inclined downward by connecting the arm 20F as the bifurcated portion.
That is, the guide surface A1 of the hose group P is formed on the two-pronged base portion of the bifurcated root portion 20A so as to be inclined downward from the upper surface of the boom main body 20B toward the pivot 18, and the partition wall A2 having the guide surface A1. 2 is formed in a triangular shape as shown in FIG. 2 (1), and the inside of the partition wall A2 is a cavity 20D-1 that leads to the opening 20D. The two-pronged root portion 20A is strengthened by connecting the base portions of the left and right arms 20F to each other by a bridge configuration by the partition wall A2.
[0017]
On the upper surface side of the boom body 20B, a clamp body 26 of a hose group P passing through the space A from the bottom upward is provided in the vicinity of the guide surface A1 of the bifurcated root portion 20A.
The hose group P includes two supply / discharge hoses P1 and P2 for extending / contracting the arm cylinder 24, two supply / discharge hoses P3 and P4 for extending / contracting the bucket cylinder 25, and hydraulic equipment such as a breaker. There are a total of six supply / discharge hoses P5 and P6 which are service hoses, and a total of eight together with the supply / discharge hoses P7 and P8 for expanding and contracting the boom cylinder 23, as shown in FIG. The bracket 15 is inserted in the front-rear direction and is connected to each control valve (not shown) provided in the swivel base 7, and the hoses P <b> 1 to P <b> 8 are made of pressure resistant and flexible, The hose length is able to follow the behavior of the excavator 19 (bending / extending operation, left / right swing operation, etc.) and at the highest position X of the boom 20 and the lowest position Y of the boom 20 shown in FIG. Since the difference is large, a bent portion (length absorbing portion) P-10 for absorbing the difference in length is provided inside the swivel base 7 by providing flexibility to the hoses P1 to P8 in order to absorb this difference. It is formed (see FIG. 6).
[0018]
That is, conventionally, this length absorbing portion is provided in the vicinity of the bottom connecting portion 20A of the boom 20, and in this case, when the boom 20 reaches the highest rise position X as shown in FIG. In the case of the cabinless state, it interferes with the visibility of the front side of the vehicle, and prevents the visibility failure by placing the length absorbing portion P-10 in the swivel 7 as shown in FIG. Moreover, by inserting the hoses P1 to P8 between the upper and lower partition walls 16B and 16C formed inside the swing bracket 16, the hoses P1 to P8 are protected by the protector action of the partition walls 16B and 16C in the swing bracket 16. The bracket 16 is reinforced by the partition walls 16B and 16C.
[0019]
Further, the flexible hose group P is clamped (held) by the clamp body 26 in the vicinity of the guide surface A1, thereby preventing the hose group P along the guide surface A1 from being lifted. Yes.
As shown in FIG. 2 (4), the clamp body 26 is an elastic hold body (cushion hold body) formed with a groove portion 26A for holding the hoses P1 to P4 in alignment and a groove portion 26B for holding the hoses P5 and P6 individually on the left and right. 26C, and a hose presser 26D that presses the hoses P1 to P6 held in these grooves, and this presser 26D is mounted by screwing a bolt 26F into the screw hole 26E shown in FIG. .
[0020]
By providing the clamp body 26, passing the hose group P along the guide surface A1 with the space A from the bottom upward, and passing the hose group P inside the swivel base 7, the length absorbing portion P-10 is provided. 5, the hose group P is in contact with the lower part of the pivot 18 (substantially, the cylindrical portion that passes through the pivot 18) at the boom up / down position X and the intermediate position Z shown in FIG. The hose group P is prevented from bending and projecting toward the cabin 13 or the driver's seat even if the boom 20 moves up and down (bending and stretching). It is.
[0021]
A mounting screw 16A for a lifting tool for transporting and unloading or assembling / disassembling the swing working machine 1 is formed on the upper surface of the swing bracket 16, and a clamp body is formed using the mounting screw 16A. By providing the (hose guide rod) 27 in a detachable manner, it is advantageous to prevent useless movement of the hose group P.
The flexible hose group P passed through the space A from the bottom upward is connected to the arm cylinder 24, the bucket cylinder 25, and the service port 29 via a relay part (one-touch coupler) 28 on the upper surface of the boom structure 20. A steel pipe piping group 1P for supplying and discharging hydraulic oil is connected, and both the flexible hose group P and the steel pipe piping group 1P are aligned (aggregated) within the upper surface width of the boom body 20B and arranged in parallel. Here, the hose group P and the piping group 1P are well accommodated and do not come out of the boom width, so that the visibility is not hindered.
[0022]
Further, the supply / discharge hoses P7 and P8 for the boom cylinder 23 are also introduced into the swing bracket 16 and connected to the control valve on the swivel base 7, whereby the hoses P7 and P8 may become a visual obstacle. There is no.
In FIG. 7, the service port 29 is provided with a stop valve 29A. The valve body 29B is fixed to the side of the arm with a bolt 29C, and the stop valve 29A is rotated around its axis. The supply of hydraulic oil to the service port 29 can be stopped, and the longitudinal length is designed to be compact by incorporating the stop valve 29A into the valve body 29B so as to be rotatable.
[0023]
3 shows the boom structure 20 and the hose group P at the intermediate position Z in FIG. 5, and FIG. 4 shows the boom structure 20 and the hose group P at the lowest lowered position Y in FIG. Parts common to the boom structure 20 and the like at the highest position X shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the two-pronged root portion 20A of the boom structure 20 is sandwiched by the swing bracket 16 and is pivotally attached to the lateral pivot 18 in front of the pivot 18. Since the space A surrounded by the bifurcated root portion 20A is formed and the guide surface A1 of the hose group P is provided in common with the above-described embodiment, common portions are referred to by common symbols.
[0024]
8 (1) (2) and FIG. 9 (1) (2) show another embodiment of the present invention, with the bifurcated root portion (bottom connecting portion) 20A being the center (butting surface L). It is what was divided | segmented, and what was divided | segmented is welded by the butt | matching surface L, Since the other structure is common in 1st Embodiment of FIGS. 2-5, the common part uses the common code | symbol. .
In each of the above-described embodiments, the top connecting portion 20C has the same configuration as the bottom connecting portion 20A.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the bottom connecting portion can be enhanced without the hose group becoming an obstacle to visibility.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a Bockhoe according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the boom structure and the hose group, (1) is an elevation view at the highest position (position), (2) is a rear view, (3) is a boom cross-sectional view, (4) FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the clamp body.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the boom at an intermediate position.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the boom at the lowest lowered position.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing the behavior (bending and stretching) of the boom.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a main part showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a service port portion.
FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention, wherein (1) is a side view and (2) is a plan (rear) view.
9 shows a main part of FIG. 8, wherein (1) is a plan view and (2) is a partial cross-sectional view.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating work machine 7 Rotating stand 16 Swing bracket 18 Axis 20 Boom structure 20A Two-way base A Space A1 Guide surface P Hose group

Claims (3)

A swing bracket (16) is pivotally attached to the swivel base (7) so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis, and the two-folded root portion (20A) of the boom structure (20) is pivotally attached to the swing bracket (16). The swing bracket (16) is pivotally attached to the horizontal pivot (18) in a state of being sandwiched by the bifurcated root portion (20A) of the boom structure (20). A space (A) surrounded by the bifurcated root portion (20A) is formed in front of the pivot (18), and is provided on the side of the control valve and the boom structure (20) provided in the swivel base (7). In the excavation work machine in which the hose group (P) for connecting and discharging the hydraulic oil by connecting to the cylinder is passed through the space (A) from the bottom to the top,
A guide surface (A1) for guiding the hose group (P) is formed on the bifurcated base portion of the bifurcated root portion (20A) so as to be inclined downward from the upper surface of the boom body (20B) toward the pivot (18). The hose group (P) passing through the space (A) from the bottom upward to the bifurcated root portion (20A) on the upper surface side of the boom structure (20) of the guide surface (A1) becomes the guide surface (A1). A clamp body (26) is provided,
An excavation work machine comprising a hose guide rod (27) for preventing useless movement of the hose group (P) on an upper surface of the swing bracket (16) . A swing bracket (16) is pivotally attached to the swivel base (7) so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis, and the two-folded root portion (20A) of the boom structure (20) is pivotally attached to the swing bracket (16). (18) is provided so as to be movable up and down, and is pivotally attached to a lateral pivot (18) in a state where the two-folded base portion (20A) of the boom structure (20) is sandwiched between swing brackets (16). A space (A) surrounded by the bifurcated root portion (20A) is formed in front of the pivot (18), and is provided on the side of the control valve and the boom structure (20) provided in the swivel base (7). In the excavation work machine in which the hose group (P) for connecting and discharging the hydraulic oil by connecting to the cylinder is passed through the space (A) from the bottom to the top,
A guide surface (A1) for guiding the hose group (P) is formed on the bifurcated base portion of the bifurcated root portion (20A) so as to be inclined downward from the upper surface of the boom body (20B) toward the pivot (18). The hose group (P) passing through the space (A) from the bottom upward to the bifurcated root portion (20A) on the upper surface side of the boom structure (20) of the guide surface (A1) becomes the guide surface (A1). A clamp body (26) is provided,
An excavation work machine comprising a hose guide rod (27) for preventing useless movement of the hose group (P) on an upper surface of the swing bracket (16) . A bent length absorbing portion (P-10) for absorbing a difference in hose length associated with the vertical movement of the boom structure (20) is formed in the swivel base (7). The excavation work machine according to claim 1 or 2.

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