JP3751214B2 - Greening container - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a greening container provided with a greening structure for planting a plant such as a lawn or a tree on a rooftop of a building and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, heat island phenomenon in summer and rainwater treatment have become a problem in urban areas. As one of the countermeasures, a greening system that plants plants such as lawns and trees on the rooftop of buildings, etc. The adoption of is increasing.
[0003]
In order to construct such a greening system, various technologies have been developed in the past. As a prior art related to the present invention, there is a greening structure as shown in FIGS.
[0004]
A greening structure 50 shown in FIG. 10 includes a non-permeable panel 51 made of expanded polystyrene in which a plurality of recesses 52 are formed, and an organic solid body having water retention, drying resistance, and fertilization effect inserted in the recesses 52. 53 and the cultivation soil 54 for planting arrange | positioned on these, The grass 55, a ground cover plant, etc. are planted in the cultivation soil 54. FIG.
[0005]
A greening structure 60 shown in FIG. 11 includes, in order from the bottom, a water-impervious water-impervious sheet 61, a water-permeable drainage mat 62, a root-proof sheet 63 formed of a nonwoven fabric, and air permeability and water retention. A base material 64 made of a synthetic resin and a culture soil 65 for planting are stacked and a herbaceous succulent plant 66 is planted on the culture soil 65.
[0006]
A greening system can be constructed by installing these greening structures 50 and 60 on the rooftop of a building or the like.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The greening structure 50 shown in FIG. 10 lacks durability because the water-impermeable panel 51 made of expanded polystyrene gradually deteriorates. Further, since the expanded polystyrene cannot be easily discarded or incinerated, disposal of the water-impermeable panel 51 that has been used becomes a problem.
[0008]
Since the greening structure 60 shown in FIG. 11 has insufficient water retention of the synthetic resin base material 64, planted plants may not grow sufficiently in regions with low precipitation.
[0009]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is a structure for greening that has an appropriate water storage function and a water supply function suitable for plant growth, has excellent durability, and does not adversely affect the installation surface. It is providing the greening container provided with.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The greening structure constituting the greening container of the present invention comprises a water-impermeable sheet or waterproof coating layer, a water-permeable drainage mat, and a porous continuous gap having a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6. The board | substrate material formed with the foam glass of the structure and the culture soil for planting have been arrange | positioned in the lamination | stacking state in order from the bottom.
[0011]
With such a configuration, the water shielding sheet or waterproof coating layer prevents water from entering the installation surface of the structure for greening, and the drainage mat quickly drains rainwater to eliminate unnecessary stagnant water. Since the board material made of foamed glass with a porous continuous gap structure absorbs rainwater appropriately and retains rainwater for a long time, it becomes a moisture supply source to the plant, without adversely affecting the installation surface, It exhibits an appropriate water storage function and a water supply function suitable for plant growth. In addition, the foamed glass board material that functions as a water absorbing material and a water retaining material hardly deteriorates or deteriorates, and therefore has excellent durability.
[0012]
The board material used in the present invention is obtained by pulverizing a glass material into a fine powder, and adding a mixture formed by adding an additive containing calcium carbonate, silicon carbide and boron to this powder in a layer having a certain thickness, and a special reaction. It is charged in a furnace and heated to 800 to 950 ° C. to melt, foam and fire to obtain a board-like foamed glass material. Then, after annealing for about 0.1 to 10 hours at a temperature of 400 to 650 ° C. in this special reaction furnace, a board material having a porous structure is obtained by gradually cooling to room temperature.
[0013]
In addition, the waterproof sheet is Marutarian sheet (trade name) manufactured by Tatsuno Chemical Co., Ltd., the waterproof coating layer is Aquamax (trade name) manufactured by Abyss Materials Co., Ltd., and the drain mat is an endren mat manufactured by Maeda Kosen Co., Ltd. (Product name), Board material made of foam glass is preferably Miracle Board (product name) manufactured by Miracle Sol Association, and planting soil is clean soil (product name) made by Green Organic Materials Co., Ltd.
[0014]
Further, the greening structure constituting the greening container of the present invention is formed of a water-impermeable water-impervious sheet or waterproof coat layer and a foam glass having a continuous pore porous structure with a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6. It can be set as the structure which has arrange | positioned the water-absorbing coarse granular material, the suck-out prevention mat, and the cultivation soil for planting in order from the bottom. Here, the suck-out prevention mat is a non-woven fabric for civil engineering that uses polyester as a raw material, needle punch and binder processing, and is used as a suck-out preventing material in general river revetment work, creation work, etc. Has a filter function. It is relatively lightweight, easy to handle, has good water permeability even when compressed by earth pressure, and has excellent corrosion resistance and durability.
[0015]
By having such a configuration, the water-impermeable water-impervious sheet or waterproof coat layer functions in the same manner as described above, and the water-absorbing coarse granular material made of foamed glass appropriately absorbs and retains rainwater, Since the retained moisture is continuously supplied to the plant over a long period of time, it exerts an appropriate moisture storage function and a moisture supply function suitable for plant growth without adversely affecting the installation surface. In addition, the coarse granular material hardly deteriorates or deteriorates, and the suck-out prevention mat prevents the culture soil from flowing out and the culture soil invades into the coarse granular material layer.
[0016]
Here, Miracle Sol (trade name) manufactured by Miracle Sol Association is suitable as the water-absorbing coarse granular material made of foam glass, and Sandoff (trade name) manufactured by Maeda Kosen Co., Ltd. is suitable as the anti-suction mat. is there.
[0017]
Moreover, the structure for greening which comprises the greening container of this invention is a water-impermeable water-impervious sheet or waterproof coating layer, a water-permeable drainage mat, a suction prevention mat, and a bulk specific gravity of 0.3-0. It can also be set as the structure which has arrange | positioned the culture soil for planting mixed with the water absorbing coarse granular material formed with the foamed glass of the porous continuous gap structure of 6 in order from the bottom.
[0018]
By adopting such a configuration, the water-impermeable water-impervious sheet or waterproof coat layer functions in the same manner as described above, so that the installation surface is not adversely affected, and the water-absorbing coarse granular material made of foamed glass is obtained. Since the cultivation soil for planting exhibits an appropriate water storage function and a water supply function suitable for plant growth, the growth state of the plant is also good. Further, the foamed water-absorbent coarse granular material contained in the culture soil is hardly deteriorated or deteriorated as described above, and therefore has excellent durability.
[0019]
Furthermore, it is good also as a structure which has arrange | positioned the organic substance solid body which has a vegetable fiber as a main component between the said water absorbing board material or the said suction prevention mat, and the said culture soil for planting. By setting it as such a structure, since the said organic substance solid body functions as a water retention material and a fertilizer, the soil environment suitable for plant growth can be obtained, and the planted plant can be grown smoothly. . In addition, as an organic solid body which has a vegetable fiber as a main component, the miracle green (brand name) by the neogi glass company etc. which were manufactured by using as a raw material Bacus which is a sugarcane squeezed residue are suitable. This miracle green contains abundant organic matter necessary for plant growth, and has the effect of changing to fertile soil by continuously applying fertilizer to the inorganic soil while gradually decomposing in the soil over a long period of time. Moreover, since the water retention is high, it is possible to alleviate plant growth obstacles in the dry season and to have an appropriate nutrient structure, so that seed germination and plant growth can be promoted.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a perspective sectional view showing a greening structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a board material constituting the greening structure shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a greening shown in FIG. perspective view of the lath wire mesh reinforcing material used in constructing the greening vessel using the structure, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a greening container using a planting structural body shown in FIG.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 1, the greening structure 10 of the present embodiment includes a water-impermeable water-impervious sheet 1, a water-permeable drainage mat 2, and a foamed glass board material 3 having a porous continuous gap structure. And the organic solid body 4 which has a vegetable fiber as a main component, and the culture soil 5 for planting are laminated | stacked in order from the bottom, and the plant 6 is planted by the culture soil 5. FIG. A waterproof coat layer can be used instead of the water shielding sheet 1.
[0022]
The water-impervious sheet 1 is a sheet made of vinyl chloride (PVC) having a thickness of 0.5 to 2.0 mm, and does not break even when earth and sand are embedded in concrete. It is a sheet material that has excellent elasticity and is not easily torn. Because it is excellent in aging, it can withstand long-term use and has excellent chemical resistance, so it has durability that is not corroded by sewage or fertilizer. Since it is also excellent in cold resistance, it can be used in cold districts and can be connected to each other by heat fusion or adhesive, so that workability is also good.
[0023]
The drainage mat 2 is made of a hard and elastic polyester monofilament and has a porosity of 90% or more, and therefore has good water permeability. Since it is manufactured by thermoforming, it has pressure resistance and excellent cold resistance, microbial resistance, and chemical resistance. Since it is lightweight, it can be easily transported and constructed.
[0024]
The board material 3 has a specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6 and a water absorption rate of 100 to 160%. As shown in FIG. 2, the width W: 0.5 to 1.5 m, and the length L: 0.5 to 1 It is a foam glass plate material having a porous continuous gap structure with a standard size of 0.5 m and a thickness t of 0.3 to 0.1 m, and is excellent in water absorption and water retention. Since the uniaxial compressive strength of the board material 3 is about 2.4 to 4.9 MPa, the pressure resistance is good, and the heat insulating property and the sound insulating property are also excellent.
[0025]
The organic solid body 4 is obtained by solidifying plant fibers made mainly of bacus (sugar cane squeezed) and contains abundant organic matter necessary for the growth of the plant 6 and gradually in the soil over a long period of time. Since it decomposes, it can continue to give the fertilizer to the inorganic soil, and can be changed to fertile soil optimal for the growth of the plant 6. Moreover, since water absorption and water retention are also high, in addition to preventing the growth failure of the plant 6 in the dry season, there is also a function of promoting the germination and growth of the plant 6.
[0026]
The culture soil 5 is a mixed soil or an artificial soil and uses a large amount of nutrient humus organic matter to enhance the retention of plant nutrition, water permeability, and fertilizer. In addition, the high base substitution capacity can adsorb fertilizer components such as calcium (lime), magnesium, manganese, iron, etc. and prevent runoff, so that the organic matter necessary for the growth of the plant 6 can be retained for a long period of time. Can do.
[0027]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 2-4, the greening container formed using the structure 10 for greening shown in FIG. 1 is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 4, the greening container 9 is installed on the roof of the building 7, the lath wire mesh reinforcement 8 shown in FIG. 3 is incorporated into the greening structure 10 shown in FIG. 1, and the periphery thereof is the board material shown in FIG. The structure surrounded by 3. The lath wire mesh reinforcing body 8 fixes a plurality of lath wire meshes N arranged in parallel vertically at fixed intervals by a plurality of vertical fixing members 11, and is attached to a horizontal fixing member 12 arranged along each lath wire mesh N. The upper and lower ends of the vertical fixing member 11 are fixed to each other, and both ends of the horizontal fixing member 12 are screwed to the board member 3 that forms the peripheral wall of the greening container 9.
[0028]
The greening container 9 is installed on the water shielding sheet 1 laid on the roof surface of the building 7, but instead of the water shielding sheet 1, a waterproof coat layer (not shown) is formed on the roof surface. The greening container 9 can also be arranged on it. In this case, when the waterproof coating layer is formed of a solvent-free coating material called Aquamax (trade name) manufactured by Abys Materials, this coating material is cured in about 30 minutes after application, and shrinkage after curing. And the surface of the coating layer has drip repellency. If the dirt on the roof surface is removed, the waterproof coat layer can be constructed on a dry surface or a wet surface, so that the workability is good and the construction period can be shortened. Moreover, it can be applied not only to concrete materials but also to metals, wood, stones, plastics, etc., and no harmful substances are eluted after construction.
[0029]
The greening structure 10 has an appropriate water storage function and a water supply function suitable for the growth of the plant 6, and since the board material 3 and the like hardly deteriorates or deteriorates, it has excellent durability and is a building 7 that is an installation surface. There is no adverse effect on the top of the roof. Moreover, since the board material 3 has a specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6, it is lighter than the conventional greening system, and the burden on the building 7 and the like is reduced. Since the board material 3 can be manufactured using waste glass, it can contribute to effective utilization of resources and reduction of waste.
[0030]
In the present embodiment, the plant 6 is turf, but is not limited thereto. For example, shrubs such as azaleas and satsuki can be planted. Moreover, since the size and shape of the greening container 9 are not limited, if the greening container 9 is enlarged, planting of a high tree is also possible.
[0031]
Next, with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the structure for greening of 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. 5 and 6, members exhibiting the same functions and effects as the greening structure 10 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 4 and description thereof is omitted.
[0032]
In the greening structure 20 of the present embodiment, in order from the bottom, the water shielding sheet (or waterproof coat layer) 1, the water absorbent coarse granular material 21, the sucking prevention mat 22, the organic solid body 4, and the culture soil 5 Are stacked. The water-absorbing coarse granular material 21 is a coarse granular material having an outer diameter of about 20 to 50 mm formed of foamed glass having a porous continuous gap structure, and has a specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6. Weight reduction can be achieved.
[0033]
Further, the suck-out prevention mat 22 is a polyester nonwoven fabric having a thickness of about 3.0 to 10.0 mm. In the present embodiment, a sand (made by Maeda Kosen Co., Ltd.) is used.
[0034]
In the greening structure 20, the water-absorbing coarse granular material 21 not only functions as a water-absorbing material and a water-retaining material, but also exhibits a drainage function and plays the role of the drainage mat 2 in the greening structure 10. The overall thickness can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, and resources and energy can be saved.
[0035]
Next, with reference to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the structure for greening of 3rd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. 7 and 8, members exhibiting the same functions and effects as the greening structures 10 and 20 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 6 and description thereof is omitted.
[0036]
The greening structure 30 of the present embodiment includes, in order from the bottom, a water shielding sheet (or waterproof coat layer) 1, a drainage mat 2, a suction prevention mat 22, an organic solid body 4, and a water absorbent coarse granular material 21. It is formed by laminating and arranging the culture soil 5 mixed with.
[0037]
In the structure 30 for greening, since the water-absorbing coarse granular material 21 exists in the culture soil 5, the culture soil layer itself is always in an appropriate water retaining state, and efficiently supplies moisture to the roots of the plant 6. So that plant growth can be promoted.
[0038]
Next, with reference to FIG. 9, the structure for greening of 4th Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. In FIG. 9, members exhibiting the same functions and effects as the greening structures 10, 20, and 30 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 8 and description thereof is omitted.
[0039]
The greening structure 40 is formed by laminating a water shielding sheet (or waterproof coating layer) 1, a board material 3, a suction prevention mat 22, an organic solid body 4, and a culture soil 5 in order from the bottom. Overall, the bottomed box-shaped greening container 9a formed of the board material 3 has a structure in which the sucking prevention mat 22, the organic solid body 4 and the culture soil 5 are laminated in order from the bottom. . In the structure 40 for greening, a lath wire mesh reinforcement 8a having a shape in which the lath wire mesh N below the lath wire mesh reinforcement 8 shown in FIG. 3 is eliminated is incorporated, and the lower end portion of the vertical fixing member 11 is attached to the greening container 9a . It is screwed to the board material 3 that forms the bottom.
[0040]
The greening container 9a has a bottomed box shape, and the structural members of the lath wire mesh reinforcing body 8a are locked to the board material 3 that forms the side and bottom of the greening container 9a. High and durable.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following effects.
[0042]
(1) A water-permeable impermeable sheet or waterproof coat layer, a water-permeable drainage mat, and a board material formed of foamed glass having a porous continuous gap structure with a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6 By arranging the culture soil for planting in a stacked state in order from the bottom, an appropriate water storage function and a water supply function suitable for plant growth can be obtained without adversely affecting the installation surface. And exhibits excellent durability.
[0043]
(2) a water-absorbing water-impervious sheet or waterproof coat layer, a water-absorbing coarse granular material formed of foamed glass having a continuous pore porous structure having a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6, and a suction-preventing mat In addition to the effects described above, the structure can be reduced in weight by adopting a configuration in which the cultivation soil for planting is arranged in a stacked state in order from the bottom.
[0044]
(3) formed of a water-impermeable sheet or waterproof coating layer having a water-impervious property, a water-permeable drainage mat, a suction-preventing mat, and a foamed glass having a porous continuous gap structure having a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6. In addition to the effects described above, the growth of the planted plant can be promoted by adopting a configuration in which the cultivation soil for planting mixed with the water-absorbing coarse particles is arranged in a stacked state in order from the bottom. .
[0045]
(4) In addition to the effects described above, germination of seeds that have been sown by placing an organic solid body mainly composed of plant fibers between the water-absorbing board material or the suck-out prevention mat and the cultivation soil for planting The growth of planted plants can be further promoted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective sectional view showing a greening structure according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a board material constituting the greening structure shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a lath wire mesh reinforcement used when constructing a greening container using the greening structure shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a greening container constructed using the greening structure shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a perspective sectional view showing a greening structure according to a second embodiment.
6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a greening container constructed using the greening structure shown in FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a perspective sectional view showing a greening structure according to a third embodiment.
8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a greening container constructed by using the greening structure shown in FIG. 7. FIG.
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a greening container constructed using the greening structure according to the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing a conventional greening structure.
FIG. 11 is a perspective sectional view showing a conventional greening structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water shielding sheet 2 Drainage mat 3,8 Board material 4 Organic solid body 5 Culture soil 6 Plant 7 Building 8, 8a Lath wire mesh reinforcement 9, 9a Greening container 10, 20, 30, 40 Greening structure 11 Vertical fixation Member 12 Lateral fixing member 21 Water-absorbing coarse granular material 22 Suction prevention mat N Las wire mesh

Claims (3)

A water-absorbent board material formed of a water-permeable impermeable sheet or waterproof coat layer, a water-permeable drainage mat, and a porous continuous gap structure foamed glass having a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6, A greening structure in which organic solids mainly composed of plant fibers and culture soil for planting are arranged in a stacked state in order from the bottom ,
A lath wire mesh reinforcement incorporated in the greening structure;
A peripheral wall formed by surrounding the greening structure with the water-absorbing board material;
A greening container comprising
The lath wire mesh reinforcing body is disposed along a plurality of lath wire meshes arranged in parallel vertically at a predetermined interval, and the plurality of lath wire meshes, and both ends are screwed onto the water absorbent board material forming the peripheral wall. A plurality of lateral fixing members that are worn, and a plurality of vertical fixing members that fix the lath metal mesh by fixing upper and lower ends to the horizontal fixing members,
A greening container , wherein the lath wire mesh is disposed at least between the organic solid body and the cultivation soil for planting. Water-absorbing coarse granular material formed of non-water-permeable water-proof sheet or waterproof coating layer, foamed glass having a porous continuous gap structure with a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6, a suck-out preventing mat, and vegetable fiber A structure for greening , in which organic solids mainly composed of the above and planting culture soil are arranged in a stacked state in order from the bottom ,
A lath wire mesh reinforcement incorporated in the greening structure;
A peripheral wall formed by surrounding the greening structure with a water-absorbing board material formed of foamed glass having a porous continuous gap structure with a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6,
A greening container comprising
The lath wire mesh reinforcing body is disposed along a plurality of lath wire meshes arranged in parallel vertically at a predetermined interval, and the plurality of lath wire meshes, and both ends are screwed onto the water absorbent board material forming the peripheral wall. A plurality of lateral fixing members that are worn, and a plurality of vertical fixing members that fix the lath metal mesh by fixing upper and lower ends to the horizontal fixing members,
A greening container , wherein the lath wire mesh is disposed at least between the organic solid body and the cultivation soil for planting. Non-water-permeable impermeable sheet or waterproof coating layer, water-permeable drainage mat, anti-sucking mat, organic solid material mainly composed of plant fibers, and porous with a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6 A planting culture soil mixed with water-absorbing coarse particles formed of foam glass having a continuous gap structure, and a structure for greening arranged in a laminated state in order from the bottom ,
A lath wire mesh reinforcement incorporated in the greening structure;
A peripheral wall formed by surrounding the greening structure with a water-absorbing board material formed of foamed glass having a porous continuous gap structure with a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.6,
A greening container comprising
The lath wire mesh reinforcing body is disposed along a plurality of lath wire meshes arranged in parallel vertically at a predetermined interval, and the plurality of lath wire meshes, and both ends are screwed onto the water absorbent board material forming the peripheral wall. A plurality of lateral fixing members that are worn, and a plurality of vertical fixing members that fix the lath metal mesh by fixing upper and lower ends to the horizontal fixing members,
A greening container , wherein the lath wire mesh is disposed at least between the organic solid body and the cultivation soil for planting .

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