JP3579388B2 - Leaning type retaining wall structure, inverted trapezoid indeterminate leaning type leaning wall structure, and multi-stage leaning type retaining wall - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a civil engineering structure such as a river revetment for protecting a river bank from a flow of a river, and a slope for a newly constructed land or a road, and a retaining wall for effective land use.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For civil engineering structures for national land conservation, such as river revetment works and retaining wall works, concrete bodies are frequently used. According to the March 1999 version of the road earthwork retaining wall construction guidelines, leaning retaining walls are concrete bodies. Classified as part of a gravity retaining wall. In addition, the concrete body leaning type retaining wall requires formwork, and a statically fixed structure is required for the concrete body itself to be self-supporting. However, a leaning retaining wall with a cross section that is too inclined to the back has an indefinite structure that cannot stand alone.
[0003]
Natural stones are piled up on the front slope, and when viewed from the front, natural stones overlap, creating a gap, so the packing material has a maximum particle size that requires a particle size that does not escape from this gap. Is used.
[0004]
In the case of a multi-tiered retaining wall, if there is a small step with a recommended dimension of 2 m or more at the top of the lower retaining wall, the connection between the upper and lower retaining walls is not generally secured in the section with the upper retaining wall. In addition, the stability of the lower leaning retaining wall is studied by replacing the weight of the upper retaining wall with the load.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The natural stone landscape expression is divided into "Icicle", which is the face of the stone, and "Tomo", which represents Yuki Ishioku. By loading and stacking products, the selection of icicles is restricted, creating an unnatural field stone masonry. In addition, the river revetment works are often carried out in winter, when the flow rate decreases. Therefore, there is a problem that adhesives that require temperature control are construction methods that require special construction management capabilities.
[0006]
The packing material inside the inverted trapezoid is made of a material that does not affect the environment, such as reusing concrete waste from industrial waste, because it can control the particle size distribution with a reticulated particle size that has a permeability coefficient that does not hinder runoff from the back ground surface. In order to prevent the stuffing material from flowing out from the gap where the natural stones are engaged by reducing the particle size by using the material, a structure surrounding these stuffing materials is an issue.
[0007] Furthermore, when an empty loading retaining wall is applied in a river revetment, it is conceivable to plan the arrangement at a water contact part. At this time, the lift calculation is required for a structure in which a high-speed flow flows into a natural stone and a packing material. The challenge is to simplify the setting conditions by using a structure in which the high-speed flow acts only on natural stones.
[0008]
The structure according to claim 3 is a structure in which the inverted trapezoidal cross section is restrained from being deformed in the horizontal and vertical directions so that the cross section is not deformed. The horizontal direction is restrained by the connecting member, but the vertical direction is restrained by the weight of the packing material in the vertical direction. As a result, the lower portion of the inverted trapezoid has a larger stacking weight and a stronger binding force, but the upper portion has a smaller stacking weight and a weaker binding force.
[0009]
In addition, the inverted trapezoidal indeterminate leaning retaining wall section has a statically fixed structure with passive earth pressure as an external force that satisfies the force balancing conditions, and the rigidity of the top end body packing material from the restrained state is small, The challenge is to reduce the dilatancy due to the displacement of the stuffing material, and to satisfy the required seawall weight due to the flowing water at the small steps of the river seawall with multiple cross sections of the river.
[0010]
When considering a two-stage leaning retaining wall with a multi-tiered leaning retaining wall with small steps, the upper and lower leaning retaining walls have been independent so far, so the upper and lower stages will be used when the stability of the retaining wall is examined The leaning-type retaining wall had to be regarded as an individual retaining wall.However, if the cross-section of the upper and lower leaning-type retaining walls was integrated, stable examination as a single retaining wall would be possible. There is a problem with the leaning retaining wall cross section.
[0011]
In addition, as a cause of the stability of the upper leaning type retaining wall, the frontal uplift that occurs at the front of the foundation ground can be considered from normal damage cases, but by increasing the rigidity of the displacement restraint structure of the small step portion and the stiffening material assembly In addition, there is a problem in securing the rigidity of the top end as a solid ground when the arc slip limit circle causing the bottom failure in the slope stability examination passes through the top end of the lower leaning type retaining wall.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a means for solving the above problems, a natural force and a back surface of the natural stone and the reaction force plate are provided on the back surface of the natural stone and the reaction force plate, in which the structure of claim 3 is stacked with natural stones from the foundation to secure water permeability on the back of the stuffing material arrangement. A suction prevention material is laid and the backfill material is compacted. In addition, the natural stone and the reaction plate ensuring the water permeability are connected by a connecting member, and the packing material is filled. Furthermore, after the natural stones are piled up and the construction is repeated, at the time of the construction of the top end, the connecting members are connected diagonally downward to lay the top end suction prevention material and restrict the displacement of the top end, so that the inverted trapezoidal shape is obtained. The expression retaining wall can be formed in an integrated structure. Further, in the multi-stage leaning retaining wall of the structure according to the fourth aspect, the top end of the inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall at the lower stage secures rigidity from the front elevation at the small step portion and the stability examination of the circular slip limit circle. In order to secure the integration of the upper and lower retaining walls, additional connecting members in the oblique direction are additionally laid. Thus, the required revetment weight is secured without causing dilatancy, and the rigidity and the integration of the upper and lower retaining walls are ensured by filling after adjusting the particle size of the packing material or mortar stabilizing treatment.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 to 4 show a sectional view of a trapezoidal leaning type retaining wall and a member configuration diagram. The working order is cut molding of a slope, foundation concrete is placed at a predetermined position, and natural stones 1 are piled up several steps to fix holes. After drilling 13 and hitting and installing an expanded metal anchor 14, then laying a natural stone 1 and a reaction plate 5 that ensures water permeability, laying a suction-preventing material 3 on the back of both, and then connecting It is connected to a predetermined size by the connection fitting 7 and the connection size adjusting member 6. Further, the filling material 4 and the backfill material 10 are filled and rolled. In addition, by stacking natural stones 1 several times and repeating the construction, a leaning retaining wall having an inverted trapezoidal cross section is formed, and the top end partial connecting member 8 and the top end suction prevention material 12 are additionally constructed at the top end. You. Furthermore, in the case of a multi-stage leaning retaining wall, an inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall is added to the top end portion, an upper and lower integrated connecting member 15 is laid, and furthermore, a mortar stabilization processing cylinder is obtained from the results of the arc sliding stability examination. The filling material 16 may be filled.
As described above, the natural stone 1 to be laid is a cobble stone, a split stone, or a cobble stone. It must be heavy enough to move with tools. This is because fine adjustment movement is required at the time of stacking construction.
[0015]
The reaction plates 5 that ensure water permeability are continuously arranged in a plane shape that does not hinder the water flowing out from the back ground, and are connected together to form one reaction plate. The reaction plate is made of iron, stainless steel, alloy, or concrete. Further, in a bad condition environment in which rust is generated, the steel material is coated with an alloy plating and a resin material.
[0016]
Further, the reaction plate 5 ensuring the water permeability, the expanded metal anchor 14 installed on the back of the natural stone 1, the connecting dimension adjusting member 6, the connecting member 2 and the connecting metal 7 can be packed even if they are coated or plated. Since the surface is scratched with crushed stones etc. to fill the material, consideration should be given to the rust prevention method for rust generation due to the material properties from the service life of the structure and the importance, and also to the electrolytic corrosion due to the electric current generated by different metals. It is necessary to select the material of the constituent members.
[0017]
The connection between each member is integrated by screw connection with high reliability of allowable stress. For example, when the details of the constituent members are shown, the connecting member 2 is a stainless steel round steel with a male screw on one side and a large number of bolts on the other side. A flat plate with holes is fillet welded, and the dimensions are adjusted with the combination of multiple bolt holes and the male thread. Further, the connection metal 7 is connected to the washer as the connection metal 7 by a double nut through the expanded metal of the reaction force plate 5 in which the male portion of the connection member 2 has stainless steel water permeability. Ideally, the expanded metal anchor 14 installed on the back of the natural stone 1 and the male part of the connecting member 2 and the double-nut part of the connecting metal fitting 7 and the male part of the connecting member 2 should be screwed horizontally. In the field construction, it is inevitable to make an angled joint. However, there is no remarkable decrease in strength up to an oblique tensile angle of 45 degrees up to 10 mm for iron and stainless steel round steel. It is not necessary to consider the decrease in strength of the steel.
[0018]
In order to restrain the displacement of the natural stone placed at the top end, the top end connection member 8 is disposed obliquely downward, and the reaction force plate 5 and the connection member 2 that ensure water permeability and the presence of the connection member 2 make each side a triangular section. The natural material is selected for the required revetment weight, and the cross-sectional displacement is restrained by the stabilization processing 16 of the packing material 4 as a compression material. Therefore, the rigidity of the top end is ensured, the dilatancy is suppressed, and the required seawall weight is secured.
[0019]
The trapezoidal leaning retaining wall cross-section has a structure that encloses the stuffing material 4 by laying a suction-preventing material on the other part except for the base surface, thereby preventing the stuffing material from flowing out and simplifying the calculation of lift. it can.
[0020]
In the case of a multi-tiered retaining wall, the top of the lower retaining wall, which is a solid ground, must have sufficient rigidity and resistance to arc sliding, and the connecting members must be laid diagonally downward and water permeability must be secured. The shear resistance of the force plate 5 and the arc-slip surface resistance are secured by the mortar stabilization processing packing material 16. In addition, a structure in which the front surface is not raised due to consideration of the above-described portion is obtained. Furthermore, in the multi-stage stacked upper retaining wall base portion, the largest internal stress portion in the upper retaining wall structure is formed, and the reaction force which secures the arrangement of the upper and lower integrated connecting members 15 and water permeability for internal stress distribution. Due to the presence of the plate 5 and the connecting member 2, a displacement-constrained cross section is formed by a three-sided tensile member and a compressive member inside the triangular cross section. Therefore, the integrated upper and lower leaning type retaining wall can be stably examined as a single leaning type retaining wall.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention described above, natural stone can be freely piled up to create a well-balanced field masonry, and the inverted trapezoidal indeterminate leaning retaining wall can be piled up from the foundation. The structure always leans against the back and becomes stable with passive earth pressure, and it becomes a static structure, and shore protection works and retaining wall works can be implemented with consideration of erosion prevention function, preservation of natural environment ecosystem and creation of beautiful landscape.
[0022]
Stacked leaning retaining walls of inverted trapezoidal cross section are stacked back-to-back to form a multi-tiered retaining wall structure.The upper retaining wall's own weight is directly loaded on the top end of the lower retaining wall, and this structure is a multi-tiered retaining wall. The entire wall can be regarded as the own weight of the retaining wall, and stable examination can be performed as a single leaning retaining wall. In addition, the inverted trapezoidal section along the stable slope cut line of the ground can reduce the amount of excavated sediment.
[0023]
Since the existing river has the width of the river land and the effective land use, the river volume is determined from the relationship between the planned discharge and the average flow velocity. For this purpose, a concrete revetment with a steep slope was constructed. When rehabilitating the river, it is necessary to use a multi-tiered retaining wall structure in order to secure the riverbed.In many cases, the stability examination cannot be satisfied unless the retaining wall structure is integrated. It can be implemented by adopting a multi-stage inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall that can suppress the decrease in product. Long slopes can be seen in lands such as landfilled valleys, but they are usually vegetated and vegetated at a stable slope of landfill soil, but multi-tiered inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining walls make effective use of land. In addition, sediment runoff due to surface running water can be prevented, and natural environment can be preserved using surface soil.
[0024]
Furthermore, since the filling material occupying most of the volume of the structure can reuse the gravel and concrete waste generated at the site, the construction can be performed at a low cost and friendly to the natural environment.
[0025]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a natural stone.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a multi-stack inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall.
FIG. 4 is a layout view of a mortar stabilizing packing material for a multi-stack inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 natural stone 2 connecting member 3 suction prevention material 4 body filling material 5 reaction force plate 6 ensuring water permeability 6 connecting dimension adjusting member 7 connecting metal fitting 8 top end connecting member 9 excavation line 10 backfilling material 11 ground mountain 12 top end Suction prevention material 13 Fixing hole 14 Expanded metal anchor 15 Upper and lower integrated connecting member 16 Mortar stabilization processing packing material

Claims (4)

Apply a reaction plate that ensures water permeability to the slope, stack natural stones along the front slope line of the frame whose cross section is an inverted trapezoid, and connect each natural stone to the reaction plate with a horizontal connecting member Then, filling the packing material, laying a top end suction prevention material at the top end, placing a top end natural stone on the top end suction prevention material, the top end natural stone A leaning retaining wall structure, wherein the leaning type retaining wall structure is connected to the reaction force plate with a connecting member in an obliquely downward direction. In order to prevent the packing material from coming out from the gap between the natural stones, a suction prevention material is laid on the back of the natural stone and the back surface of the reaction force plate, and the packing material in three directions along with the top end suction prevention member. The leaning retaining wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the leaning type retaining wall structure is enclosed. An inverted trapezoidal statically indeterminate leaning type, wherein the leaning type retaining wall structure according to claim 1 or 2 is formed by forming an inverted trapezoidal empty stack structure into an integrated section. Retaining wall structure. An upper inverted trapezoidal indeterminate leaning type retaining wall is newly stacked on the top end of the inverted trapezoidal statically indeterminate leaning retaining wall structure according to claim 3, and the upper and lower multi-level stacked retaining walls are connected and integrated. The feature is a multi-stage leaning retaining wall.

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