JP2003129445A - Inverted trapezoidal statically indeterminate reclining type retaining wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem that a reclining type retaining wall is used for the purpose of slope protection or the like such as river revetment, a road, and retaining wall construction at a developed land, since the reclining type retaining wall is a concrete skelton and requires formwork, the statically determinate skelton is a condition for the reclining type retaining wall and this is a factor to make the reclining type retaining wall to be classified as a part of a gravity-type retaining wall, and the reclining type retaining wall has such problems that it is a structural body in which a merit is generated by being reclined to a natural ground, it must be the structural body without requiring the formwork, and furthermore, even if small steps are arranged, it has a structure that the reclining type retaining wall can be stacked in a multistage shape. SOLUTION: The section of the reclining type retaining wall is made into an inverted trapezoidal shape, natural stones piled up on the front face and a reaction force plate securing water transmittance on the rear face are connected, a body filler is filled between the natural stones and the reaction force plate, the horizontal direction is displacement-restrained with a connecting member and the vertical direction is displacement-restrained with the own weight of the body filler. Also, the reclining type retaining wall is stacked on a top end part, and upper and lower retaining walls are integrated so as to make a single reclining type retaining wall.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to civil engineering structures such as river bank protection works for protecting river banks from the flow of rivers, slope protection of land for construction, roads, etc., and retaining walls for effective land use.

[0002]

[Prior Art] Concrete structures are often used in civil engineering structures such as river revetments and retaining walls for national land conservation.
According to the March 1999 edition of the road earth retaining wall construction guidelines, the leaning retaining wall is a concrete frame and is classified as part of the gravity retaining wall. In addition, the concrete leaning type retaining wall requires a formwork, and the concrete body itself needs to have a statically-determining structure in order to be self-supporting. However, a leaning retaining wall with a cross section that is too inclined to the back has a statically indeterminate structure that cannot stand on its own.

When natural stones are piled up with a frontal gradient and natural stones are overlapped when viewed from the front, a gap is created, so that the maximum particle size of the body filling material is required to be a particle size that does not escape from this gap. Body wrapping material is used.

[0004] In a multi-tiered leaning type retaining wall, if there is a small step of 2 m or more in the recommended dimension on the lower end of the leaning type retaining wall, in general, in the cross section with the upper level retaining wall, the upper and lower retaining wall frames are connected and integrated. Since it is not ensured, the stability of the lower leaning type retaining wall will be examined by replacing the weight of the upper retaining wall with the load.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the invention] In the expression of landscape of natural stone, it is divided into "Tsura" and "Tomo" which represents Yuki Oku, which is the face of a stone. The surface masonry is created, but the secondary products are brought in and piled up to create an unnatural surface masonry due to restrictions in icicle selection. In addition, since the river revetment works are often performed in winter when the flow rate decreases, there is a problem that adhesives that require temperature management are construction methods that require special construction management capabilities.

The body trapping material in the inverted trapezoid can adjust the particle size distribution with the particle size of the gravel material that has a permeability coefficient that does not hinder the outflow of water from the back ground, and it affects the environment such as the recycling of concrete waste from industrial waste. The problem is the structure that encloses the body-filling materials in order to prevent the flow-out of the body-filling materials from the gap where the natural stones mesh because the particle size is reduced by using the non-use material.

Furthermore, when applying an empty retaining wall to a river revetment, it is conceivable to arrange it in the water impact part. At this time, however, the lift force calculation is not possible for the structure in which the high-speed flow flows into the natural stone and the shell filling material. The problem is to make the setting conditions complicated by making the structure that the high-speed flow acts only on the natural stone.

The structure of claim 3 is a structure for restraining the displacement in the horizontal and vertical directions so that the inverted trapezoidal cross section is not deformed. The horizontal direction is restrained by the connecting member, but the vertical direction is restrained by the self-weight of the body filling material. As a result, the lower part of the inverted trapezoid has a large stacked self-weight and a strong restraint force, but the upper part has a small stacked self-weight and a weak restraint force.

Further, the inverted trapezoidal indeterminate leaning type retaining wall cross-section has a statically definite structure with passive earth pressure as an external force satisfying the force balance condition, and a rigidity from the restrained state of the top end body filling material. There are issues such as being small, suppressing dilettency due to displacement of the shell material, and satisfying the required revetment weight due to the running water of the river bank at the river bank with multiple cross sections.

When considering a two-tiered leaning retaining wall with a multi-tiered leaning retaining wall having small steps, when the upper and lower leaning retaining walls have been independent so far, when a retaining wall stability study is conducted. However, it was inevitable to consider the upper and lower leaning type retaining walls as individual retaining walls, but if the upper and lower leaning type retaining wall cross sections are integrated, stable examination as a single retaining wall is possible. There is a problem with the cross-sectional shape of the leaning type retaining wall of the chemical structure.

Further, as a cause of the stability of the upper leaning type retaining wall, it is considered that the frontal upheaval which occurs at the front surface of the foundation ground is considered to be the cause of the usual disaster, but the displacement restraint structure of the small step portion and the rigidity as the body packing material aggregate are By increasing the height, there is a further problem of securing the rigidity of the top end as a firm ground when the arc slip limit circle that causes bottom failure in the slope stability study passes through the top end of the lower leaning type retaining wall.

[0012]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the structure of claim 3 is a reaction force plate in which natural water is piled up from the foundation part while the water permeability is secured on the back surface of the body containing material. , Suction prevention material is laid on the back of natural stone and reaction plate, and backfill material is compressed. Moreover, the natural stone and the reaction force plate which secures the water permeability are connected by a connecting member to fill the body filling material. Furthermore, after repeating the construction by stacking natural stones, at the time of construction of the top end, by connecting the connecting member diagonally downward for laying the top end suction preventive material and restraining the top end part displacement,
The inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall can be formed in an integrated structure. Furthermore, in the multi-tiered stacking type retaining wall of the structure of claim 4, the top end body of the lower trapezoidal leaning type retaining wall of the lower stage retains its rigidity from the stability study of the front ridge at the small step portion and the circular arc slip limit circle. Therefore, in order to ensure that the upper and lower retaining walls are integrated, a diagonally downward connecting member is additionally laid. As a result, the required revetment weight is secured without causing dilatancy, and the rigidity and the integration of the upper and lower retaining walls are secured by filling after the grain size adjustment of the body filling material or the mortar stabilization treatment.

[0013]

1 to 4 are sectional views of an inverted trapezoidal leaning type retaining wall and a structural diagram of members, in which the order of construction is cut slope formation on a slope, and after foundation concrete is installed at a predetermined position, natural stone 1 A plurality of layers are stacked to form the fixing holes 13, the expansion metal anchors 14 are installed by impact, then the natural stone 1 and the reaction force plate 5 that secures water permeability are laid, and the suction preventive material 3 is laid on the back surface of both. After that, the connection member 2, the connection fitting 7 and the connection size adjusting member 6 are connected to have a predetermined size. Further, the body filling material 4 and the backfill material 10 are filled and compacted. Also, natural stone 1
By stacking several steps and performing repeated construction, a leaning retaining wall having an inverted trapezoidal cross section is formed, and the top end connecting member 8 and the top end suction preventive material 12 are additionally installed at the top end. Further, in the case of a multi-tiered leaning type retaining wall, an inverted trapezoidal leaning type retaining wall is added to the top end portion, the upper and lower stage integrated connecting members 15 are laid, and further, from the results of the circular arc slide stability examination, the mortar stabilization treatment cylinder Filling material 16 may be filled.

As described above, the natural stone 1 to be laid is a cobblestone, a rubble stone, and a gravel stone, and the diameter of the "tsura" is about 30 cm and the weight is 40 k.
The natural stone 1 before and after g must be of a weight that can be moved with human power and simple tools when it requires some movement at the end.
This is because fine adjustment movement is required during stacking construction.

The reaction plates 5 that ensure water permeability are continuously arranged in a planar shape that does not hinder the water flowing out from the back ground, and are connected together to form one reaction plate. The material of the reaction plate is iron, stainless steel, alloy, or concrete. Further, the steel material is coated with an alloy plating or a resin material when the rust is generated in an adverse environment.

Further, the reaction force plate 5 ensuring the water permeability, the expanded metal anchor 14 installed on the rear surface of the natural stone 1, the connecting dimension adjusting member 6, the connecting member 2 and the connecting metal 7 are coated or plated. Also, since the surface is scratched with crushed stone etc. to fill the body filling material, it can be used as a rust preventive method for rust occurrence due to material properties from the service life and importance of the structure, and for electrolytic corrosion due to electric current generated in dissimilar metals. It is necessary to consider the material of the constituent members.

The connection between the respective members is integrated by a threaded connection with high reliability of allowable stress. For example, the details of the constituent members are shown. The connecting member 2 is made of stainless round steel and has a male screw on one side and the other side. A flat plate with a large number of bolt holes is welded to the fillet, and the dimensions are adjusted by combining the large number of bolt holes and the male part. Further, the connecting metal fitting 7 is connected to the washer as the connecting metal fitting 7 with a double nut through the expanded metal of the reaction plate 5 in which the male part of the connecting member 2 secures the water permeability of stainless steel. Further, it is ideal that the expanded metal anchor 14 installed on the back surface of the natural stone 1, the male part of the connecting member 2 and the double nut part of the connecting metal 7 and the male part of the connecting member 2 are horizontally joined. However, in the field construction, there is no choice but to join at an angle, but since iron and stainless steel round steel up to 10 mm do not have a marked decrease in strength up to an oblique tension angle of 45 degrees, the stainless steel round steel etc. to be used has a welding angle. There is no need to consider the decrease in strength.

In order to constrain the displacement of the natural stones arranged at the top end, the top end connecting member 8 is arranged obliquely downward, and the reaction plate 5 and the connecting member 2 ensuring water permeability have a triangular cross section. A tension member is arranged on each side, and the displacement of the cross section is restricted by the selection of the size of the natural stone for the required revetment weight and the stabilization process 16 of the body filling member 4 as the compression member. Therefore, the structure can secure the rigidity of the top end portion, suppress the diletency, and secure the necessary weight of the revetment.

By constructing a suction preventive material in the rest trapezoidal leaning retaining wall cross-section except the foundation surface part, a structure for enclosing the body filling material 4 is provided, which prevents the body filling material from flowing out and calculates the lift. It can be simplified.

In the case of a multi-tiered leaning type retaining wall, it is necessary for the top end portion of the lower retaining wall as a firm ground to secure rigidity and resist the resistance of circular arc slip, and to lay a connecting member diagonally downward and to prevent water permeability. The secured shearing resistance of the reaction force plate 5 and the arc sliding surface resistance by the mortar stabilizing treated barrel filling material 16 are secured. Further, due to the consideration of the above-mentioned portion, the structure is such that the front surface bulge does not occur. Further, the multi-layered upper retaining wall foundation is formed with the largest internal stress portion in the upper retaining wall structure, and the reaction force that secures the arrangement and the water permeability of the upper and lower integrated connecting members 15 to disperse the internal stress. Due to the presence of the plate 5 and the connecting member 2, a displacement constraining cross section is composed of a triangular cross section with three side tensile members and a compression member inside. Therefore, the integrated upper and lower stage leaning retaining walls can be stably studied as a single leaning retaining wall.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, natural stones can be freely piled up to create a well-balanced field stone masonry, and the inverted trapezoidal indeterminate leaning type retaining wall can be piled up from the foundation part. Therefore, the inverted trapezoidal flexible structure always leans on the back surface, keeps stable under the passive earth pressure, and becomes a statically stable structure.
It is possible to carry out revetment work and retaining wall work in consideration of erosion prevention function, conservation of natural environment ecosystem and creation of beautiful landscape.

The leaning retaining walls having an inverted trapezoidal cross section are stacked back to back to form a multi-tiered leaning retaining wall structure in which the upper weight of the upper retaining wall is directly loaded on the top end of the lower leaning retaining wall. The entire leaning type retaining wall can be regarded as the retaining wall's own weight, and stable examination can be performed as a single leaning type retaining wall. Moreover, the amount of excavated sediment can be suppressed by the inverted trapezoidal cross section along the stable slope cutting line of the natural ground.

Since the existing river is a land for river use and effective land use, the river volume is determined from the relationship between the planned flow rate and the average flow velocity. For this reason, a steep concrete river revetment was constructed. There is no choice but to use a multi-tiered retaining wall structure in order to secure the river volume when renovating to a natural revetment, and it is often the case that an integrated retaining wall structure does not satisfy the stability study. This can be done by adopting a multi-tiered inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall that can suppress the decrease in river bank volume. In addition, long slopes can be seen in land reclamation areas such as land reclamation, but usually it is carried out by stepping and vegetation with a stable slope of reclamation soil, but the multi-tiered inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall effectively utilizes the land. It can prevent the loss of sediment due to running water, and can preserve the natural environment on the surface soil.

Further, since the body filling material occupying most of the volume of the structure can reuse the gravel and concrete debris generated at the site, the construction can be carried out inexpensively and in a natural environment.

[0025]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an inverted trapezoidal leaning type retaining wall.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of natural stone.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a multi-stage inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall.

FIG. 4 is a layout view of a mortar stabilizing treatment body filling material of a multi-stage inverted trapezoidal leaning retaining wall.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 natural stone 2 connecting members 3 Suction prevention material 4 Body material 5 Reaction plates that ensure water permeability 6 Connection dimension adjustment member 7 Connecting bracket 8 Top end connection member 9 excavation line 10 Backfill material 11 Ground 12 Top end suction preventive material 13 Fixing hole 14 Expanded metal anchor 15 Upper and lower integrated connecting members 16 Stabilized mortar body filling material

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A natural stone (1) is piled up along a front slope line of a body composed of a leaning type retaining wall having an inverted trapezoidal cross section by applying a reaction plate (5) ensuring water permeability to the slope. A leaning retaining wall structure characterized in that each natural stone (1) is connected to a reaction plate (5) by a horizontal connecting member (2) and is filled with a body filling material (4). 2. The natural stone (1) according to claim 1, wherein the body filling material (4) does not come out from a gap between the natural stones (1).
A leaning-type retaining wall structure characterized in that a back wall, a rear surface of a reaction plate (5), and a trunking material (4) are surrounded by a suction preventive material (3) in three directions of a retaining wall top end portion. 3. An inverted trapezoidal indeterminate leaning type retaining wall structure by forming an inverted trapezoidal empty stacking structure into an integrated cross section according to claim 1 or 2. 4. A statically indeterminate leaning type retaining wall in which an upper trapezoidal retaining wall is newly stacked on the top end portion of the inverted trapezoidal indeterminate leaning type retaining wall of claim 3, and upper and lower multi-stage stacking retaining walls are integrally connected. Structure.