JP3246902B2 - Rotary crushing and sorting machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing used food containers mainly composed of empty cans, plastics, and the like, and more particularly to a rotary apparatus capable of separating and collecting such containers and food residues. It relates to a crushing and sorting machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste materials such as industrial wastes and general wastes from households have been disposed of incombustibles while incinerating combustibles, but landfill sites have already reached their limits. However, due to stricter regulations such as dioxin control for incineration, it is becoming very difficult to rely on conventional disposal methods.

[0003] In recent years, while effective use of resources has been called for in recent years, there has been a movement to compost organic wastes such as garbage and use them as feed and compost, or to recycle other resource garbage by recycling. Is remarkable.

[0004] For example, it is generally widely practiced to separate and collect paper food containers and polyethylene terephthalate beverage containers called PET bottles or steel or aluminum cans, and to recycle them as resources. I have. When recycling these waste materials, various crushers are used for the purpose of volume reduction.

[0005]

However, the contents of empty cans and other food containers often remain, and when they are processed in a crusher, they must be washed in advance to remove residues. First, there was a drawback that a lot of costs were required.

[0006] Moreover, the removed residue is incinerated as kitchen combustibles, or most of the residues are washed away without being recovered, which may cause secondary pollution.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a purpose thereof is to separate the contents of a food container recovered as waste material when the volume is reduced for recycling. And collect it separately from the container.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an outer shell having a cylindrical crushing chamber formed therein, a rotating shaft passing through the center of the crushing chamber, and a rotating shaft. A drive source for rotating the waste material in a predetermined direction, the outer body has an inlet for introducing waste material into the crushing chamber, and an exhaust port for discharging treated waste material that has passed through the crushing room to the outside of the machine. A discharge port is formed, the rotary shaft has a rotary blade attached to one end of the inlet side for cutting waste material input from the inlet, and a plurality of moving blades extending along a longitudinal direction of the crushing chamber. And each of the moving blades is attached at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis direction so as to generate an airflow from the inlet to the discharge port, and the outer edges of each of the moving blades are close to each other. The interior walls of the room are permeable to foreign matter, at least part of which is separated from waste material. Together formed as obtained screen, below the crushing chamber is to provide a rotary crushing sorter, characterized in that the conveyor for collecting the foreign matter passing through the screen is formed by the device.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a preferred example of a rotary crushing and sorting machine according to the present invention.
Is a schematic front view thereof. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an outer body (casing) formed by combining a steel mold or a steel plate, and has a horizontal cylindrical crushing chamber 2 formed therein.
In addition, an inlet 3 for introducing waste material into the crushing chamber 2 is formed at one end of the outer shell 1, and an outlet 4 for carrying the treated waste material out of the machine is provided at the downstream end of the other end. (Figure 2
) Is formed.

On the other hand, a rotating shaft 5 passing through the center of the crushing chamber 2 is rotatably attached to the outer shell 1. And
The rotating shaft 5 is horizontally supported at both ends by bearings 6 attached to the outer shell 1, and is rotated in a predetermined direction by receiving the power of a driving source acting on one end thereof. Reference numeral 7 denotes an electric motor serving as a drive source for rotating the rotary shaft 5. The motor 7 is mounted on the outer upper portion of the outer body 1 as shown in the figure, and is connected to a pulley 8 fixed to the drive shaft and one end of the rotary shaft 5. The fixed pulley 9 and the timing belt 10
Are linked by The pulleys 8 and 9 may be gears that mesh with each other, or the pulleys 8 and 9 may be used as sprockets to replace the timing belt 10 with a chain.

Here, a rotary blade 11 and a moving blade 12 are attached to the rotary shaft 5 inside the outer shell 1. Of these, the rotary blade 11 is radially attached to one end of the inlet 3 side,
While cutting the waste material input from the inlet 3, it functions to send the waste material to the downstream area occupied by the moving blades 12. Numeral 13 denotes a mounting plate fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 5 with a fixed space therebetween in order to mount each of the rotary blades 11, and four rotary blades 11 are mounted on each mounting plate 13 as shown in FIG.
Are fixed at intervals of 90 degrees, and the respective rotary blades 11 are shifted in phase by 45 degrees between the front and rear mounting plates 13. still,
As is clear from FIG. 3, each rotary blade 11 is formed of a bent plate whose tip is bent in a direction opposite to the rotation direction, and a side edge on the rotation direction side is formed as a blade portion 11A for cutting waste material.

On the other hand, the moving blade 12 is a steel plate or other rectangular hard plate extending along the longitudinal direction of the crushing chamber 2, and its inner edge is attached to a sleeve 14 fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 5. In particular, the rotor blades 12 are attached at a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction of the rotary shaft 5, and when rotated in a predetermined direction by the motor 7, from the upstream side to the downstream side, that is, from the inlet 3 side to the outlet port. An airflow is generated toward the four sides. According to the moving blade 12, the waste material passing through the rotary blade 11 can be blown toward the discharge port 4 while being stirred at a high speed.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, four moving blades 12 are provided around the rotating shaft 5 at equal intervals. Then, each of the rotor blades 12 agitates the waste material while keeping its outer edge 1
2A exerts compression, impact, friction, and shearing effects on the waste material with the inner wall of the crushing chamber 2 adjacent thereto, and also has a function of a flywheel that stores the rotational energy of the rotating shaft 5. In other words, each rotor blade 12 has a large moment of inertia while being rotated by the small driving source, and can destroy the waste material with the inner wall of the crushing chamber 2.

As is apparent from FIG. 4, the crushing chamber 2 is formed with a porous screen 15 on the bottom half of the inner wall thereof. Foreign matter can be removed. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, a transporter 17 is provided below the crushing chamber 2 through a drop port 16 so that foreign substances and the like that have passed through the screen 15 can be collected.

The conveyor 17 comprises, for example, a screw conveyor provided along the longitudinal direction of the crushing chamber 2, which has a cylindrical trough 18 whose upper part communicates with the lower end of the drop port 16, It comprises a screw shaft 19 rotatably provided therein and a motor 20 for rotating the screw shaft in a predetermined direction. Then, according to the transfer device 17, the falling object into the trough 18 is transferred to one end side by the rotation of the screw shaft 19,
This can be taken out from an opening (not shown) formed at one end of the trough 18.

Here, the operation of the rotary crusher / sorter configured as described above will be described. The present apparatus is applied to brittle materials formed of aluminum or steel cans, or paper or plastic, and is used particularly for recycling waste food containers made of such brittle materials. At the time of use, the waste materials are divided for each material, or the waste materials separated and collected in advance are introduced into the inlet 3 by type. In addition, according to the present apparatus, regardless of whether or not the contents remain in the container as the waste material, they can be processed without washing them in advance.

For example, a plastic container such as a mayonnaise container or a plastic bottle in which the contents are left is put into the inlet 3 as it is. Then, the containers are first cut by the rotary blade 11, whereby the foreign matter, that is, a part of the contents is sent out into the rotation range of the bucket 12 while flowing out.
That is, the container cut by the rotary blade 11 is
The air is generated in the crushing chamber 2 by the rotation of the crushing chamber 2 and is sequentially sent to the downstream side of the crushing chamber 2.

At this time, each container is agitated by the rotating moving blades 12 to be broken down more finely, and the centrifugal action of the moving blades 12 also completely removes highly adherent food residues from the containers. Then, while the food residue falls as foreign matter through the screen 15 into the conveyor 17, the container is continuously stirred by the moving blades 12 while the crushing chamber 2 is kept.
Is discharged downstream from the discharge port 4 with the contents completely removed.

As described above, according to the present apparatus, the food container in which the contents are left can be crushed without washing in advance, and the crushed food container can be separated and collected separately in the machine. For this reason, it is not costly to recycle resources, and not only can the collected container body be supplied as a recycled material as before, but also the obtained contents such as food residues are composted and used as compost or feed. Can be.

When waste materials are introduced into the crushing chamber 2, a container or the like containing the waste materials may be lifted over the introduction port 3 and the bottom thereof may be opened, or the introduction port 3 may store a large number of waste materials. Although it is possible to form the hopper as a hopper, it is preferable to connect the waste material accumulation site and the inlet 3 with a conveyor (not shown) so that the waste material can be continuously fed through the conveyor.

As described above, a preferred example of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present apparatus is a rotary horizontal crushing and sorting machine to be accurate in view of the direction of the rotating shaft 5, but it is capable of removing food residues and the like. Since it can be separated by the centrifugal force of the rotor blade 12, it can be called a horizontal centrifugal crusher.

In the above application example, the waste material to be processed is a food container, but the invention can also be applied to crushing of oil cans for automobiles and the like. Further, in the above example, the waste material is assumed to be sent only by the airflow generated by the rotation of the rotor blades 12. However, it is conceivable that the air volume and the wind speed may be insufficient depending on the type of the waste material, so The crushing chamber 2 may have a slight gradient. In particular, it is preferable to provide an angle adjusting function that can tilt the entire apparatus depending on the type of waste material to be treated.

[0023]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the contents are separated while crushing the food containers and the like as waste materials in the crushing chamber, so that they can be collected separately. In addition, it is not necessary to wash such waste materials in advance, and the cost burden required for reusing resources can be greatly reduced. For this reason, recycled materials can be supplied at a low price, and resource recycling can be promoted. In particular, since food residues and the like can be collected without being discarded, occurrence of secondary pollution can be prevented, and this can be effectively used as compost or feed.

In addition, since airflow is generated by a moving blade that applies a centrifugal force to the waste material in order to separate the contents from the waste material, and the airflow causes the waste material to be sent downstream, the waste material enters the crushing chamber. It is very sanitary because there is no stagnation and there is no bad smell.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a preferred example of a rotary crusher / sorter according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer trunk 2 Crushing chamber 3 Inlet 4 Discharge port 5 Rotating shaft 7 Motor 11 Rotating blade 12 Rotating blade 15 Screen 17 Conveyor

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An outer shell forming a cylindrical crushing chamber therein, a rotating shaft passing through the center of the crushing chamber, and a driving source for rotating the rotating shaft in a predetermined direction. An introduction port for introducing waste material into the crushing chamber,
A discharge port for discharging the treated waste material that has passed through the crushing chamber to the outside of the machine is formed, and the rotary shaft is attached to one end of the introduction port side to cut the waste material input from the introduction port. The blade has a plurality of moving blades extending along the longitudinal direction of the crushing chamber, and each of the moving blades has a predetermined angle with respect to a rotation axis direction so as to generate an airflow from the inlet to the outlet. The inner wall of the crushing chamber to which the outer edges of the respective moving blades are close is formed as a screen through which foreign matter at least a part of which is separated from the waste material can pass, and the lower part of the crushing chamber is A rotary crushing and sorting machine comprising a conveyor for collecting foreign matter passing through the screen.