JP2001286856A - Method and device for sorting garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device for sorting garbage, by which the sorting rate of garbage from foreign materials is enhanced remarkably in comparison with the usual ones and garbage can be sorted continuously. SOLUTION: This method for sorting garbage comprises crushing garbage and packing materials, centrifuging them and recovering them separately.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for packaging garbage generated as unsold goods in supermarkets and the like.
The present invention relates to a garbage sorting method for separating and collecting contents and packaging material, and a sorting apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a garbage sorting technique of this kind, for example, a technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-114439 is known. In this conventional technique, one end surface of a cylindrical container having a plurality of holes in a peripheral wall is closed with an openable and closable lid, and a mixture of garbage and foreign matter is put into the cylindrical container from a hopper. The mixture is pressed with a plunger inserted from the other end surface of the cylindrical container, and the garbage rich in fluidity in the mixture is pushed out from a hole in the peripheral wall of the cylindrical container, and foreign substances in the mixture are removed. It compresses between the lid and the plunger, then opens the lid and further advances the plunger to push out the compressed foreign matter from one end surface of the cylindrical container. Was.

[0003]

Since the above-mentioned conventional apparatus compresses a mixture of garbage and foreign matter with a plunger, there is a non-fluidized garbage other than the foreign matter in the compressed matter. Therefore, it is difficult to completely separate garbage and foreign matter. In addition, since the conventional one works by reciprocating the plunger,
Poor continuity, batch processing, and poor work efficiency. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a garbage sorting method and a garbage sorting method, which can increase the sorting ratio between garbage and foreign matters, and can continuously process the garbage and foreign substances, compared with the conventional one. I do.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following measures. That is, the feature of the garbage sorting method of the present invention is that the garbage and the packaging material are
The point is that it is crushed and separated by centrifugation, and collected individually. According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, since the garbage and the packaging material are centrifuged, the sorting rate of both is improved as compared with the conventional compression. It is preferable that the crushing and centrifugal separation be performed by the rotating blades, and the garbage and the packaging material be separated also by the wind force generated by the rotation of the rotating blades.

Another feature of the present invention is that:
The packed garbage is charged, the loaded garbage is transported, the transported garbage is crushed, and the garbage is separated into garbage and a packaging material by centrifugal force. And the packaging material. Performing such processing enables continuous processing. The feature of the garbage sorting apparatus of the present invention is that an input section that inputs the packaged garbage, a transport section that transports the packaged garbage input from the input section, and a transport section that is transported from the transport section. Sorting unit that crushes the packed garbage and separates the garbage and the packaging material by centrifugation, a garbage collection unit that collects the separated garbage, and a packaging material collection unit that collects the separated packaging material And that

The transfer section has a spiral blade arranged on a horizontal axis, and the sorting section has a rotating shaft arranged on the same axis as the axis of the spiral blade. It is preferable that a blade having a diameter larger than that of the spiral blade is provided. Also,
The sorting unit is formed with a sorting chamber for receiving the packaged garbage conveyed by the conveying unit, and has a rotating shaft arranged in a horizontal axis in the sorting chamber, and a plurality of blades is provided on the rotating shaft. It is arranged at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and below the blade,
The blade is surrounded by a perforated plate disposed with a predetermined clearance from the rotation trajectory of the blade, and above the blade, fixed blades arranged at an angle with respect to the rotation axis are fixed blades. Are disposed at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the garbage, and the garbage collecting section is formed with a storage chamber for storing garbage discharged from the perforated plate below the perforated plate, Is equipped with a discharge means for discharging garbage to the outside,
It is preferable that the packaging material recovery section is constituted by an opening provided on a side wall of an end of the sorting chamber opposite to the transport section.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The garbage sorting device shown in FIGS.
It has a gantry 1 and a housing 2 supported by the gantry 1. The housing 2 basically forms a processing space surrounded by left and right side plates, front and rear side plates, a bottom plate, and a top plate. In this specification, the “left-right” direction refers to the left-right direction in FIG. 1, the “front-back” direction refers to a direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1, and the “up-down” refers to the up-down direction in FIG. Refers to the direction.

[0010] An input section 3 for inputting packaged garbage into the housing 2, a transport section 4 for transporting the packaged garbage input from the input section 3, and a transport section 4 for transporting the packaged garbage. A sorting unit 5 for crushing the packaged garbage and centrifuging the garbage and the packaging material, a garbage collection unit 6 for collecting the separated garbage, and a packaging material collection unit for collecting the separated packaging material 7 are formed. The charging section 3 has a charging chamber formed at the left end of the housing 2 and having a charging port 8 having an upper opening. The charging chamber is formed in a V-shaped cross section, having an arcuate bottom plate 9 that swells downward, and an inclined side plate 10 that extends upward from both front and rear ends of the bottom plate 9. I have.

A left end of the charging chamber in FIG. 1 is surrounded by a vertical plate 11 constituting a left side plate of the housing 2. The right end of the charging chamber is open. Inlet 8
An inclined guide plate 12 is provided below and below the left side, and the guide plate 12 serves to bring packaged garbage thrown in from the slot 8 to the left end of the throw chamber. ing. The rotating shaft 1 extends between the left and right side plates of the housing 2.
3 is supported horizontally and rotatably. The right end of the rotating shaft 13 projects outward from the housing 2,
A pulley 14 is provided at the protruding end. A motor 16 is mounted on a top plate 15 of the housing 2, and a pulley 17 of an output shaft of the motor 16 and a pulley 14 of the rotating shaft 13 are linked and connected by a belt 13 </ b> A.

A spiral blade 18 is provided in a portion of the rotary shaft 13 located in the charging chamber. The arc-shaped bottom plate 9 of the charging chamber is disposed with a predetermined gap around the outer periphery of the spiral blade 18. The spiral blade 18 constitutes the transport unit 4. Therefore, the twist direction of the spiral blade 18 is changed by the rotation of the rotating shaft by the motor 16.
The direction is such that the garbage input from the input port 8 is transported rightward in FIG. The sorting section 5 has a sorting chamber formed in the housing 2 connected to the right end of the charging chamber. The sorting chamber includes a semicircular bottom plate 19 bulging downward,
It has a side plate 20 extending vertically above both front and rear ends of the bottom plate 19 and is formed in a U-shaped cross section. The upper part of the sorting chamber is covered with a horizontal top plate 15 of the housing.

A plurality of sorting blades 21 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction on the rotating shaft 13 passing through the sorting chamber. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the sorting blades 21 are radially provided at four equally-spaced positions in the circumferential direction, are continuous along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 13, and are plate-like blades parallel to the axis. ing. The left end of the sorting blade 21 is located at the same position as the right end of the spiral blade 18, and the left end of the sorting blade 21 is bent and formed to form an inlet projection 22. The inlet projection 22 has a triangular shape,
It is raised (bent) at an angle of 0 ° or less.

The sorting blade 21 is formed to be larger in diameter than the spiral blade 18. Sorting blade 21 and rotating shaft 13
A reinforcing member 23 is provided at the base of the attachment to prevent deformation of the sorting blade 21. The bottom plate 19 of the sorting room
Is composed of a perforated plate arranged with a predetermined distance from the rotation locus of the sorting blade 21. Said sorting blade 2
The clearance between 1 and the bottom plate 19 is 15 mm to 20 mm
It has been. The perforated plate is made of a punched metal having a thickness of about 3 mm, the diameter of the hole 24 is about 15 mm, and the adjacent holes 24 are arranged at respective vertices of a triangle. 22 × 25m
m. And the circumference of the hole 24 is 1.5 m
It is chamfered about m. By this chamfering, it is possible to prevent the foamed steel tray or the like of the packaging material from being caught in the holes 24 and finely pulverized.

Above the sorting blades 21, fixed blades 25 are disposed at a predetermined interval in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 13, and are arranged at an angle to the rotating shaft 13.
The fixed blade 25 is fixed to the top plate 15 of the housing 2 and is formed in a rectangular shape. The inclination direction of the fixed blade 25 is inclined so that the garbage rotated by the rotation of the sorting blade 21 travels spirally rightward in FIG. The fixed blade 25 also has a function of changing the radial wind generated by the rotation of the sorting blade 21 to the axial spiral wind.

The garbage collection unit 6 includes the perforated plate 19
And a storage chamber for storing garbage discharged from the perforated plate 19 below. The storage chamber has an arc-shaped bottom plate 26 bulging downward, and a slanted side plate 27 extending inclining above both front and rear ends of the bottom plate 26, and is formed in a V-shaped cross section. It covers the side and underside of the perforated plate 19. A cleaning opening 28 is formed between the front and rear side plates 20 of the sorting chamber and the upper end of the inclined side plate 27 of the storage chamber. A lid 29 is provided for closing the opening 28 so that it can be opened and closed. By opening the lid 29, the clogging of the perforated plate 19 can be cleaned.

The storage room is provided with discharge means 30 for discharging garbage in the storage room to the outside. The discharge means 30 has a screw conveyor 31 horizontally arranged along the bottom plate 26 of the storage chamber, and a predetermined gap is formed between the screw conveyor 31 and the bottom plate 26. A motor 32 for driving the screw conveyor 31 is attached to a left end side wall of the storage chamber. A garbage collection opening 33 is formed over the front side plate 27 and the bottom plate 26 at the right end of the storage chamber.
The garbage discharge cylinder 34 is provided in the upper part 3 in an inclined manner.
A large number of drain holes 35 are formed on the lower surface of the garbage discharge cylinder 34.

The packaging material collecting section 7 is constituted by an opening 36 provided in the rear plate 20 at the end (right end) of the sorting chamber opposite to the conveying section 4. ,
A hood 37 that opens downward is attached. The garbage sorting apparatus having the above configuration is a packaged garbage generated in a supermarket or the like (most of which are unsold products).
Is used to sort garbage into packaging materials and garbage. In addition, as a packaging material, there are a synthetic resin film such as polyethylene, a polystyrene foam tray, a paper pack, and the like.
Examples of the raw garbage include bento, udon, vegetables and the like.

First, the motor 16 for driving the rotating shaft is started, and the rotating shaft 13 is rotated at 800 to 1,000 RPM. The garbage as packaged is thrown in from the slot 8 of the throwing unit 3. The loaded garbage is transported to the sorting unit 5 by the spiral blade 18 of the transport unit 4. The packaged garbage conveyed to the sorting unit 5 is crushed by the entrance projection 22 at the end of the sorting blade 21 to be separated into garbage and wrapping material. Due to the wind force and centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the sorting blade 21, the packaging material and the garbage are separated from the sorting blade 2.
1 is transported while rotating toward the packaging material recovery section 7 (to the right in FIG. 1) by the inclined fixed blades 25 provided above the sorting blades.

The transported packaging material is discharged to the outside through the opening 36 of the packaging material recovery unit 7. The garbage is discharged from the holes 24 of the perforated plate 19 to the outside of the sorting chamber at the stage of being transported while rotating due to the difference in specific gravity from the packaging material and the size after crushing. The garbage discharged from the perforated plate 19 is received by a storage room provided at the lower part of the sorting room, and a screw conveyor 31 disposed in the storage room.
As a result, the garbage is discharged from the garbage collection opening 33 to the outside. The garbage discharging tube 34 is connected to the garbage collecting opening 33, so that the garbage fed by the screw conveyor 31 is discharged to the outside through the discharging tube 34. At this time, a drain hole 35 is
Garbage is dehydrated, and the discharge cylinder 3
It is discharged to the outside from the four ends.

If the perforated plate 19 is clogged, the lid 29 of the cleaning opening 28 is opened to open the opening 2.
8 to clean the perforated plate 19 with high-pressure water or the like. The sorted garbage can be used as a raw material for making organic fertilizer, and the packaging material can be used as a recycled raw material. According to the above-described embodiment, since the sorting is performed using the wind force or the centrifugal force, the sorting efficiency is improved as compared with the conventional compressing apparatus. In addition, according to the present embodiment, continuous processing can be performed, so that the processing can be performed continuously as compared with the conventional compression batch method.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and the shape and the number of the sorting blades 21 and the fixed blades 25 are arbitrary. Any material can be used as long as it can sort the packaging material and the contents (garbage). For example, the selection blades 21 may be provided in an inclined or spiral shape with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft 13 or may be divided in the axial direction. In addition, according to the type of garbage to be processed, the rotation speed of the selection blade 21 is made variable,
The rotation speed can be changed. Further, the spiral blade 18 and the sorting blade 21 are connected to the common rotating shaft 13.
, The number of rotations can be individually controlled.

[0021]

According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the sorting ratio between garbage and foreign substances as compared with the conventional compression apparatus.
In addition, continuous processing can be performed, and work efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a garbage sorting apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a spiral blade and a sorting blade.

FIG. 6 is a right side view of FIG. 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 3 input section 4 transport section 5 sorting section 6 garbage collecting section 7 packaging material collecting section 13 rotating shaft 18 spiral blade 19 perforated plate (bottom plate) 21 sorting blade 25 fixed blade 30 discharging means 36 opening

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D004 AA04 AA10 BA04 BA07 CA04 CA08 CA13 CB28 CB42 CB43 4D021 AA12 AB01 AC01 CA01 CB03 CB09 DA15 DC02 EA10 EB01 FA23 GA02 GA11 GA22 GA25 GA29 GB01 HA01 HA10 4D067 EE12 EE03

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A garbage sorting method, wherein garbage and a packaging material are crushed, centrifuged, and individually collected. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the crushing and centrifugal separation are performed by rotating blades, and also by wind force generated by rotation of the rotating blades.
2. The garbage and packaging material are separated.
The garbage sorting method described. 3. The packaged garbage is charged, the packaged garbage is fed, the packaged garbage is crushed, and the garbage is separated into garbage and a packaging material by centrifugal force. A garbage sorting method comprising collecting separated garbage and packaging material. 4. An input section for inputting packaged garbage, a transport section for transporting the packaged garbage input from the input section, and crushing the packaged garbage transported from the transport section. A sorting unit for centrifuging garbage and packaging material, a garbage collection unit for collecting separated garbage, and a packaging material collection unit for collecting separated packaging material. Garbage sorting equipment. 5. The transporting unit has spiral blades arranged on a horizontal axis, and the sorting unit has a rotating shaft arranged on the same axis as the axis of the spiral blades. The garbage sorting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a blade having a diameter larger than that of the spiral blade is provided. 6. The sorting section is provided with a sorting chamber for receiving the garbage conveyed by the conveying section.
The sorting chamber has a rotating shaft arranged on a horizontal axis, and a plurality of blades are arranged on the rotating shaft at predetermined circumferential intervals, and a lower part of the blade is spaced apart from the rotation locus of the blade by a predetermined clearance. The fixed blades are disposed above the blades at a predetermined interval in the axial direction of the rotation shaft. The garbage collection unit is provided with a storage chamber for storing garbage discharged from the perforated plate below the perforated plate, and discharges the garbage to the outside in the storage room. 5. A discharging means is provided, wherein the packaging material collecting section is constituted by an opening provided on a side wall of an end of the sorting chamber opposite to the transport section. Garbage sorting equipment.