CN103418605A - Horizontal type complete set crushing and purifying device for kitchen garbage - Google Patents
Horizontal type complete set crushing and purifying device for kitchen garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN103418605A CN103418605A CN2013103159180A CN201310315918A CN103418605A CN 103418605 A CN103418605 A CN 103418605A CN 2013103159180 A CN2013103159180 A CN 2013103159180A CN 201310315918 A CN201310315918 A CN 201310315918A CN 103418605 A CN103418605 A CN 103418605A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal type complete set crushing and purifying device for kitchen garbage, which comprises a feed bag breaking region, a hammer crushing region, a heavy substance separation region and a biomass separation region, wherein the discharge outlet of the feed bag breaking region is communicated with the feed inlet of the hammer crushing region; the inner cavity of an inner shaft screen serves as the hammer crushing region; the cavity between the inner shaft screen and an outer shaft screen serves as the heavy substance separation region; the hammer crushing region and the heavy substance separation region are coaxially arranged in a ring-shaped manner; the interior of a screen drum serves as the biomass separation region; the hammer crushing region and the biomass separation region are coaxially arranged; the hammer crushing region, the heavy substance separation region and the biomass separation region are all mounted in a shell; a plastic discharge outlet is arranged at the outer part of the shell and is positioned on the outer side of the biomass separation region. According to the invention, the service life of equipment is prolonged, the biomass purification efficiency and the biomass biodegradable rate are improved, and the obtained biomass can be directly used for anaerobic digestion; meanwhile, the collection of high purity recyclable resources such as plastic and metal can be realized; the overall structure is compact, and the function division is clear.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rubbish pretreatment unit, especially relate to the broken removal of impurities complete set of a kind of horizontal rubbish from cooking device.
Background technology
Along with the raising of socioeconomic development and living standards of the people, the generation of China's house refuse continues to increase.2011, China's domestic waste amount of clearing reached 1.64 hundred million tons, became rubbish and surrounded one of the most serious country in city.At present, 8 cities such as Beijing, Shanghai have successively been carried out categorized consumer waste and have been collected pilot work, and house refuse is divided into to rubbish from cooking, recyclable rubbish, Harmful Waste and the large class of Other Waste four.As the main component of house refuse, rubbish from cooking accounts for 45% ~ 60% of rubbish total amount; Therefore, the reasonable disposal of rubbish from cooking will become the critical limitation sexual factor whether China's Classified Collection of Municipal Solid Wastes source decrement and recycling work have sustainability.Exploitation rubbish from cooking application technology as the second resource and equipment research have important practical significance.
At present, the rubbish from cooking resource technology mainly comprises Fertilizer Transformed, fodder, three kinds of modes of energy both at home and abroad.Rubbish from cooking recovery energy technology, owing to can realizing kitchen waste reduction and biomass waste being changed into to the characteristics of clean energy resource-methane, becomes domestic and international organic waste and processes disposal technology study hotspot and development trend.Yet, different from developed country, China's kitchen garbage component complexity, be subject to the impact of resident living mode, in rubbish from cooking, the non-biodegradation impurity such as plastics, up to 20% ~ 30%, very easily causes anaerobic digestion reaction vessel to entirely collapse if the rubbish from cooking of processing without broken removal of impurities is directly carried out anaerobic fermentation.Therefore, realize that at first China's rubbish from cooking recovery energy technology must break through the research and development bottleneck of rubbish from cooking efficiency crushing removal of impurities pretreatment complete set technology and equipment.
Because developed country's refuse classification system is perfect, after classification, waste component is single, recycle relatively simple, therefore much abroad the rubbish pre-processing device can't be applicable to the garbage disposal that China's component is numerous and diverse.At present, domestic existing rubbish pre-processing device is mainly with non-classified house refuse for processing object, and specific aim is not strong.Have in processing procedure that broken bag poor effect, heavy substance are serious for equipment attrition, the polybag wrapping phenomena is serious, the living beings separative efficiency is not high, the discharging particle diameter is inhomogeneous can't directly carry out the problem such as anaerobic methane production, limits its further industrialized development.Therefore, for realizing the direct anaerobic fermentation recovery energy of rubbish from cooking, develop a set of pre-processing device for China's rubbish from cooking characteristic imperative.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of pretreatment in background technology or equipment, the object of the present invention is to provide the broken removal of impurities complete set of a kind of horizontal rubbish from cooking for the rubbish from cooking after categorized consumer waste device, acquisition can be directly used in the living beings of anaerobic methane production, and the recyclable resource such as highly purified plastics, metal.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The present invention includes charging bag breaking area, hammer crushing district, heavy substance Disengagement zone and living beings Disengagement zone; The discharging opening of charging bag breaking area is communicated with the charging aperture in hammer crushing district, the interior storehouse of interior shaft screen is the hammer crushing district, warehouse between outer shaft screen and the interior shaft screen separating substances district that attaches most importance to, hammer crushing district and heavy substance Disengagement zone are that the coaxial circles ring type is arranged, the separating substances district of making a living, screen drum inside, hammer crushing district and living beings Disengagement zone are coaxially arranged, hammer crushing district, heavy substance Disengagement zone and living beings Disengagement zone are installed in housing, the plastics discharging opening is arranged in the first half of external shell, and is positioned at the outside of living beings Disengagement zone.
Described charging bag breaking area, comprise conveying worm and stationary saw serrated knife; Conveying worm is arranged in horizontal feed inlet, and the discharging opening tube wall axial arranged crosswise perpendicular with described horizontal feed inlet has 2 ~ 4 groups, every group of 2 ~ 4 stationary saw serrated knives.
Described hammer crushing district, comprise jump bit and interior shaft screen; Jump bit axially has 3 ~ 5 groups, and 3 ~ 6 every group, arranged crosswise is on main drive shaft, and the jump bit periphery arranges interior shaft screen.
Described heavy substance Disengagement zone, comprise circular knife group, outer shaft screen and heavy substance discharging opening; The circular knife group is the angle cutter, and spiral is arranged on interior shaft screen, interior shaft screen side external toothing and outer shaft screen ring gear and gear engagement, and gear is arranged on the screen drum electric machine main shaft, and the screen drum electric machine rotation realizes that interior shaft screen and outer shaft screen coaxially counter-rotate.
Described living beings Disengagement zone, comprise that shearing-crushing cutter group, screen drum and plastics scrape ejecting plate; Totally five groups of shearing-crushing cutter groups, 4 ~ 6 every group, the parallel combination layout of middle three groups of shearing-crushing cutter groups, shearing-crushing cutter group intersection in two ends is arranged on main drive shaft, and shearing-crushing cutter group and jump bit are by the coaxial synchronized rotation of active driven by motor.
In described charging bag breaking area, downward-sloping with vertical discharging opening tube wall 45 ° ~ 60 ° of each stationary saw serrated knife.
In described hammer crushing district, the jump bit tup is light-duty tup, and jump bit tup and hammer handle are chain connection, and tup along the circumferential direction can oppositely be dodged 30 ° ~ 40 °, outward-dipping 15 ° ~ 20 ° of the tup left and right flat side of a hammer, and the inner core mesh size is 20mm ~ 30mm.
In described heavy substance Disengagement zone, circular knife group screw arrangement is on interior shaft screen, with interior shaft screen coaxial rotating, the angle jet blade tilts 45 ° ~ 60 °, angle cutter point of a knife and outer shaft screen spacing are 10 mm ~ 20 mm, and angle cutter spacing is 10mm ~ 20mm, and the urceolus mesh size is 10 mm ~ 20mm.
In described living beings Disengagement zone, in shearing-crushing cutter group, shearing-crushing cutter thickness of knife edge is 2 mm ~ 4 mm, and angle of inclination is 15 ° ~ 30 °, and the screen drum aperture is 10mm ~ 20mm.
With background technology, compare, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
The present invention has not only extended the service life of device, has improved living beings purification efficiency and living beings biodegradable rate, and the living beings that obtain can be directly used in anaerobic fermentation; Also realized the collection of the recyclable resources of high-purity such as plastics, metal simultaneously.Compact overall structure, function zoning is clearly demarcated.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the jump bit side view.
Fig. 3 is shearing-crushing knife structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is angle knife structure schematic diagram.
In figure: 1, conveying worm, 2, the stationary saw serrated knife, 3, charging aperture, 4, main drive shaft, 5, the screen drum motor, 6, the heavy substance discharging opening, 7, frame, 8, the living beings discharging bin, 9, spindle motor, 10, plastics are scraped ejecting plate, and 11, the plastics discharging opening, 12, housing, 13, screen drum, 14, shearing-crushing cutter group, 15, outer shaft screen, 16, interior shaft screen, 17, jump bit, 18, the circular knife group.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes charging bag breaking area A, hammer crushing district B, heavy substance Disengagement zone C and tetra-functional areas of living beings Disengagement zone D, the discharging opening of charging bag breaking area A is communicated with the charging aperture 3 of hammer crushing district B, the interior storehouse of interior shaft screen 16 is hammer crushing district B, warehouse between outer shaft screen 15 and the interior shaft screen 16 separating substances district C that attaches most importance to, hammer crushing district B and heavy substance Disengagement zone C are that the coaxial circles ring type is arranged, separating substances district D makes a living in screen drum 13 inside, hammer crushing district B and living beings Disengagement zone D are coaxially arranged, hammer crushing district B, heavy substance Disengagement zone C and living beings Disengagement zone D are installed in housing 12, plastics discharging opening 11 is arranged in the first half of external shell 12, and be positioned at the outside of living beings Disengagement zone D.
Described charging bag breaking area A, comprise conveying worm 1 and stationary saw serrated knife 2; Conveying worm 1 is arranged in horizontal feed inlet, the discharging opening tube wall axial arranged crosswise perpendicular with described horizontal feed inlet has 2 ~ 4 groups, every group of 2 ~ 4 stationary saw serrated knives 2, and sawtooth vertically is inclined upwardly, guarantee fully to contact with material, make the broken bag effect better.
Described hammer crushing district B, comprise jump bit 17 and interior shaft screen 16; Jump bit 17 axially has 3 ~ 5 groups, and 3 ~ 6 every group, arranged crosswise is on main drive shaft 4, and jump bit 17 peripheries arrange interior shaft screen 16, and jump bit 17 and interior shaft screen 16 reverse rotations, extend the run duration of material in hammer crushing district B.
Described heavy substance Disengagement zone C, comprise circular knife group 18, outer shaft screen 15 and heavy substance discharging opening 6; Circular knife group 18 is angle cutter group, spiral is arranged on interior shaft screen 16, interior shaft screen 16 side external toothings and outer shaft screen 15 ring gears and gear engagement, gear is arranged on screen drum motor 5 main shafts, in screen drum motor 5 rotates and realizes, shaft screen 16 coaxially counter-rotates with outer shaft screen 15, interior shaft screen 16 is identical with outer shaft screen 15 angular velocity of rotations, extends the run duration of material at heavy substance Disengagement zone C, makes the heavy substance separating effects such as glass, pottery, metal better.
Described living beings Disengagement zone D, comprise that shearing-crushing cutter group 14, screen drum 13 and plastics scrape ejecting plate 10; Totally five groups of shearing-crushing cutter groups 14, every group 4 ~ 6, the parallel combination layout of middle three groups of shearing-crushing cutter groups, shearing-crushing cutter group intersection in two ends is arranged on main drive shaft 4, shearing-crushing cutter group 14 and jump bit 17 drive coaxial synchronized rotation by active motor 9, guarantee the movement locus of material.
In described charging bag breaking area A, downward-sloping with vertical discharging opening tube wall 45 ° ~ 60 ° of each stationary saw serrated knife 2.
As shown in Figure 2, in described hammer crushing district B, jump bit 17 tups are the light-duty tup of modified, the tup rim surface is circular-arc, with interior shaft screen, better agrees with, and jump bit tup and hammer handle are chain connection, tup along the circumferential direction can oppositely be dodged 30 ° ~ 40 °, reduce tup wearing and tearing and energy loss excessive, outward-dipping 15 ° ~ 20 ° of the tup left and right flat side of a hammer, interior shaft screen 16 apertures are 20mm ~ 30mm.
As shown in Figure 4, in described heavy substance Disengagement zone C, circular knife group 18 screw arrangement are on interior shaft screen 16, with interior shaft screen coaxial rotating, the angle jet blade tilts 45 ° ~ 60 °, angle cutter point of a knife and outer shaft screen 15 spacings are 10 mm ~ 20 mm, and angle cutter spacing is 10mm ~ 20mm, and outer shaft screen 15 apertures are 10 mm ~ 20mm.
As shown in Figure 3, in described living beings Disengagement zone D, in shearing-crushing cutter group 14, shearing-crushing cutter thickness of knife edge is 2 mm ~ 4 mm, and angle of inclination is 15 ° ~ 30 °, and screen drum 13 apertures are 10mm ~ 20mm.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, different functions is realized in four functional areas of the present invention, and rubbish from cooking can realize heavy substance (as glass, metal, pottery, stone etc.) after four functional areas, living beings, and the efficient separation of plastics, the effect of four functional areas is as follows:
(1) charging bag breaking area:
Rubbish from cooking evenly is transported in device by conveying worm 1, along conveyance conduit, enters into cylindrical shell; Conveying pipeline inner wall inclination arranged crosswise has 2 ~ 4 groups of stationary saw serrated knives 2, in the process of moving straight down by the thrust of gravity and back material at material, blade carries out broken bag and preliminary broken by the polybag in material, reduces the parcel of polybag for material, and living beings are fully exposed.
(2) hammer crushing district:
After broken bag, through charging aperture 3, enter the hammer crushing district when material, broken up by a series of (totally 3 ~ 5 groups, 3 ~ 6 every group) jump bit 17; Utilize the heavy substances such as glass, pottery compared to living beings, plastics poor toughness simultaneously, easily produce the characteristic of brittle break, heavy substance is carried out to fragmentation, broken particle diameter is controlled between 10-30 mm, sees through interior shaft screen 16.In addition, the tup flat side of a hammer of jump bit 17 is designed with angle of inclination, can produce carrying capacity forward to remaining material, thereby promote remaining material, moves right, and enters next functional areas.
(3) heavy substance Disengagement zone:
After heavy substance is crushed to target grain size, see through interior shaft screen 16, stop on outer shaft screen 15 compass screen surfaces and mix with the living beings that partly are less than 20 mm ~ 30 mm.One group of sharp angle cutter of screw arrangement on interior shaft screen outer wall.Circular knife group 18, along with interior shaft screen 16 low speed rotation, utilizes living beings different from the intensity of heavy substance, and living beings are carried out to second-time breakage, makes its particle diameter be less than outer shaft screen 15 apertures, sees through outer shaft screen 15, in living beings discharging bin 8, collects; And heavy substance can't be broken, angle cutter spacing 10 mm ~ 20 mm simultaneously, make heavy substance can't see through circular knife group 18 and be transported to heavy substance discharging opening 6 left with the rotation of circular knife group 18, realizes that heavy substance removes in mixed material.Simultaneously, shaft screen 7 be synchronized reverse rotation with outer shaft screen 8, prolongation material and angle cutter time of contact, makes the feed separation effect better.Interior shaft screen 7 is driven by screen drum motor 5 by gear drive with outer shaft screen.
(4) living beings Disengagement zone:
Living beings and the plastics that can't see through interior shaft screen 16 are transported to the living beings Disengagement zone, by the shearing-crushing cutter group 14 of High Rotation Speed, being undertaken shearing is that master, punching type are auxiliary fragmentation, living beings are crushed to below the screen drum aperture, see through screen drum 13, realize that living beings separate with plastics.Simultaneously, shearing-crushing cutter group 14 can be carried out certain fragmentation by plastics, prevents the winding of bulk plastics.And the living beings after screening are collected together with the isolated part biological matter of front end, carry out follow-up recycling.Plastics are scraped ejecting plate 10 by plastics and are transferred to from plastics discharging opening 11, collect.Shearing-crushing cutter group 14 all is arranged on main drive shaft 4 with jump bit 17, by spindle motor 9, is driven, and realizes coaxial synchronized rotation.Screen drum 13 is connected with interior shaft screen 16, realizes coaxial synchronized rotation.
Claims (9)
1. the broken removal of impurities complete set of a horizontal rubbish from cooking device, is characterized in that: comprise charging bag breaking area (A), hammer crushing district (B), heavy substance Disengagement zone (C) and living beings Disengagement zone (D), the discharging opening of charging bag breaking area (A) is communicated with the charging aperture (3) of hammer crushing district (B), the interior storehouse of interior shaft screen (16) is hammer crushing district (B), warehouse between outer shaft screen (15) and interior shaft screen (16) the separating substances district (C) that attaches most importance to, hammer crushing district (B) arranges for the coaxial circles ring type with heavy substance Disengagement zone (C), the separating substances district (D) of making a living, screen drum (13) inside, hammer crushing district (B) is coaxially arranged with living beings Disengagement zone (D), hammer crushing district (B), heavy substance Disengagement zone (C) and living beings Disengagement zone (D) are installed in housing (12), plastics discharging opening (11) is arranged in the first half of external shell (12), and be positioned at the outside of living beings Disengagement zone (D).
2. the broken removal of impurities complete set of a kind of horizontal rubbish from cooking according to claim 1 device, it is characterized in that: described charging bag breaking area (A) comprises conveying worm (1) and stationary saw serrated knife (2); Conveying worm (1) is arranged in horizontal feed inlet, and the discharging opening tube wall axial arranged crosswise perpendicular with described horizontal feed inlet has 2 ~ 4 groups, 2 ~ 4 every group stationary saw serrated knives (2).
3. the broken removal of impurities complete set of a kind of horizontal rubbish from cooking according to claim 1 device, it is characterized in that: described hammer crushing district (B) comprises jump bit (17) and interior shaft screen (16); Jump bit (17) axially has 3 ~ 5 groups, and 3 ~ 6 every group, arranged crosswise is upper at main drive shaft (4), and jump bit (17) periphery arranges interior shaft screen (16).
4. the broken removal of impurities complete set of a kind of horizontal rubbish from cooking according to claim 1 device, it is characterized in that: described heavy substance Disengagement zone (C) comprises circular knife group (18), outer shaft screen (15) and heavy substance discharging opening (6); Circular knife group (18) is angle cutter group, spiral is arranged on interior shaft screen (16), interior shaft screen (16) side external toothing and outer shaft screen (15) ring gear and gear engagement, gear is arranged on screen drum motor (5) main shaft, shaft screen (16) and the coaxial reverse rotation of outer shaft screen (15) in screen drum motor (5) rotates and realizes.
5. the broken removal of impurities complete set of a kind of horizontal rubbish from cooking according to claim 1 device is characterized in that: described living beings Disengagement zone (D) comprises that shearing-crushing cutter group (14), screen drum (13) and plastics scrape ejecting plate (10); Totally five groups of shearing-crushing cutter groups (14), every group 4 ~ 6, the parallel combination layout of middle three groups of shearing-crushing cutter groups, it is upper that shearing-crushing cutter group intersection in two ends is arranged on main drive shaft (4), and shearing-crushing cutter group (14) and jump bit (17) drive coaxial synchronized rotation by active motor (9).
6. the broken removal of impurities complete set of a kind of horizontal rubbish from cooking according to claim 2 device is characterized in that: in described charging bag breaking area (A), and downward-sloping with vertical discharging opening tube wall 45 ° ~ 60 ° of each stationary saw serrated knife (2).
7. the broken removal of impurities complete set of a kind of horizontal rubbish from cooking according to claim 3 device, it is characterized in that: in described hammer crushing district (B), jump bit (17) tup is light-duty tup, jump bit tup and hammer handle are chain connection, tup along the circumferential direction can oppositely be dodged 30 ° ~ 40 °, outward-dipping 15 ° ~ 20 ° of the tup left and right flat side of a hammer, interior shaft screen (16) aperture is 20mm ~ 30mm.
8. the broken removal of impurities complete set of a kind of horizontal rubbish from cooking according to claim 4 device, it is characterized in that: in described heavy substance Disengagement zone (C), circular knife group (18) screw arrangement is on interior shaft screen (16), with interior shaft screen coaxial rotating, the angle jet blade tilts 45 ° ~ 60 °, angle cutter point of a knife and outer shaft screen (15) spacing are 10 mm ~ 20 mm, and angle cutter spacing is 10mm ~ 20mm, and outer shaft screen (15) aperture is 10 mm ~ 20mm.
9. the broken removal of impurities complete set of a kind of horizontal rubbish from cooking according to claim 5 device, it is characterized in that: in described living beings Disengagement zone (D), in shearing-crushing cutter group (14), shearing-crushing cutter thickness of knife edge is 2 mm ~ 4 mm, angle of inclination is 15 ° ~ 30 °, and screen drum (13) aperture is 10mm ~ 20mm.
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| CN201310315918.0A CN103418605B (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | The broken removal of impurities complete device of horizontal rubbish from cooking |
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| CN201310315918.0A CN103418605B (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | The broken removal of impurities complete device of horizontal rubbish from cooking |
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| CN103691523A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-02 | 青岛天人环境股份有限公司 | Garbage breaking device |
| CN104741167A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Novel horizontal crusher |
| CN104998749A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-10-28 | 环创(厦门）科技股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste crushing and separating machine |
| CN105032894A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-11 | 龙岩维妮爵雅环保产品科技有限公司 | Farm organic garbage and kitchen garbage disposer |
| CN105057032A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-18 | 环创(厦门）科技股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste pulping disengaging shaft |
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