JP2938819B2 - Assembling stairs for underground construction and method of assembling them - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an assembling stairway used by an operator to ascend and descend between an aboveground part and an underground part in an underground excavation site for civil engineering and construction, and to an assembling method thereof. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this kind of assembling stairs, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, a stair unit combining frame scaffolding materials can be freely connected in a required set according to the excavation depth. (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-217)
No. 230).

[0003]

The above-mentioned assembling stairs 1
After the required sets of stair units are connected and assembled, they are suspended by support brackets 3 on stair suspension beams 2 installed on a skeleton such as earth retaining piles on the excavation wall.

[0004] Therefore, when the excavation advances and it is necessary to add stair units, after adding the necessary number of stair units to the existing stairs, the entire stairs 1 are temporarily suspended by a crane and supported. After removing the metal fitting 3 and hanging down the entire staircase to a predetermined position, it must be assembled to the receiving beam 2 with the support metal fitting 3 and the new position of the staircase 1 must be fixed.

As described above, the above-mentioned conventional assembly staircase 1
Means that every time a stair unit is added, the stairs 1 must be hung with a crane, and after the stairs 1 have been added, the support fittings 3 must be removed, hung again by the crane, and hung and fixed to the receiving beam 2 with the support fittings 3. In addition to the fact that it takes time, and a crane is required for each extension.

Further, since the above-mentioned conventional assembly stairs 1 are suspended and fixed to the receiving beam 2, it is possible to excavate below the assembly stairs 1 while the assembly stairs 1 are installed. Unless excavation for the height of the unit is completed, the stair unit cannot be added.

Therefore, an adjustment stair 4 such as a ladder having a length corresponding to the space between the excavation ground and the excavation ground is required below the conventional assembly stair 1.

Further, since the frame scaffolding material constituting the conventional assembling stairs 1 is designed on the premise that it is built on the ground, there is also a problem that if it is suspended and installed, safety measures such as run-out prevention are required. .

In view of the above, the present invention does not require a crane when adding a stair unit, and can add a stair unit irrespective of the excavation depth. An object of the present invention is to provide an assembling stair having a structure that is grounded and does not require an adjusting stair such as a ladder by grounding.

[0010]

According to the present invention, an assembling stair for underground construction is fixed to an earth retaining wall for underground excavation, has an opening in the center, and has a corridor around it. It consists of an upper stage provided and an assembling stair that is suspended and supported by the winch installed on the upper stage in the opening of the upper stage so that it can be lifted and lowered with respect to the upper stage. And guide rollers for guiding vertical supports at the four corners of the assembling stairs when raising and lowering the assembling stairs with respect to the upper stage at the four corners of the opening of the upper stage. Provided.

Then, a jack base is attached to the lower end of the assembling stair, and the jack base is grounded, or the entire load of the assembling stair is supported by a stopper provided between the upper stage and the assembling stair. To use.

[0012] The assembling stairs of the above structure are supported by the winch so that the assembling stairs can be lifted and lowered with respect to the upper stage fixedly installed on the skeleton. Assembled by hand, added above the assembly stairs, extended the added assembly stairs by extending the winch hoisting wire, lowered it, and then assembled the stair unit on the upper stage corridor, added the stair unit, and descended By repeating this, the assembling stairs can be added on the sidewalk of the upper stage without using a crane.

Further, a jack base can be attached to the lower end of the assembling stairs, and the additional assembling stairs can be lowered by extending a winch winding wire to ground the jack base to the underground ground. This makes it possible to eliminate the need for an adjustment stair such as a ladder at the lower end of the assembly stairs.

The upper part of the assembling stairs is installed so as to protrude upward from the opening of the upper stage, and the entry into the assembling stairs can be carried out regardless of the amount of upward projection of the assembling stairs. Can be done from above. Therefore, since it is not necessary to match the total height of the assembly stairs with the excavation depth, it is possible to appropriately increase the number of assembly stairs regardless of the excavation depth.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of an assembling staircase for underground work according to the present invention will be described below according to an assembling procedure.

First, a bracket 11 for fixing an upper stage 12 is previously installed on a frame 10 such as a parent pile or a core pile at an underground excavation site.

Next, the upper stage 12 pre-fabricated
Is fixed to the bracket 11 of the frame 10 with bolts or the like.

The upper stage 12 comprises a walkway 13 having a rectangular opening 14 at the center, and a receiving frame 15 supporting the walkway 13. In the receiving frame 15,
A fixing portion 16 for fixing to the bracket 11 of the frame 10 with a bolt or the like is provided. In the receiving frame 15, guide arms 17 are provided vertically at four corners of the central opening 14 of the corridor 13, and above and below each guide arm 17, an assembling staircase inserted into the opening 14 of the corridor 13 is provided. A guide roller 20 that guides vertical pillars 19 at the four corners of the assembling stairs 18 when the 18 is raised and lowered in the opening 14 is attached.

Of the corridors 13 installed around the rectangular opening 14, the right and left corridors 13 have winches 21 for hanging and supporting the assembly stairs 18 at the opening 14 side.
A notch 22 is provided for installing the notch. The winch 21 may be a hand-wound type or a power type. At the lower end of the hoisting wire 23, a hanging metal fitting is connected to a horizontal member 24 below the assembly stairs 18.

In the walkway 13, around the opening 14,
Handrails 25 are provided on the outer periphery except for the riding part.

Next, the assembling stairs 18 are composed of a plurality of sets of stair units combining frame scaffolding materials which can be added in accordance with the steps of underground excavation.

As shown in FIG. 7, one stair unit constituting each step of the assembling stairs 18 is composed of a pair of opposing building frames 26, braces 27, horizontal members 28, and stairs 29. The frame is formed so that the four vertical columns 19 of the pair of building frames 26 are located at the four corners, and the stairs 29
In a diagonal direction.

The above-mentioned stairs 29 are formed in half the width of the framework, and are installed alternately in upper and lower stair units.

Stairs 18 assembled with a plurality of sets of stair units
In the case of constructing, first, a stair unit of about one or two steps at the lower part where the worker can safely assemble on the ground is laid. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a lower two-step staircase unit is grounded.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3, the erected lower stair unit is suspended by the crane 30 and the lower stair unit is inserted into the opening 14 of the upper stage 12 from above or below. As shown in FIG. 3, when the jack base 31 is previously installed at the lower end of the lower staircase unit, the lower staircase unit is connected to the upper stage 1.
Even when the jack base 31 is inserted into the second opening 14 from above, the jack base 31 may hit the periphery of the opening 14 of the upper stage 12 and cannot be inserted. In such a case, the lower staircase unit is connected to the opening 1 of the upper stage 12.
4 from below into above, or
After inserting a stair unit to which the jack base 31 is not attached from above, the jack base 31 is attached.

Next, the lower bracket of the hoisting wire 23 of the winch 21 is connected to the horizontal member 24 of the lower staircase unit inserted into the opening 14 of the upper stage 12 so that the lower staircase unit is connected to the winch 21. Hanging support.

Then, after the hanging wire of the crane 30 is removed, the hoisting wire 23 of the winch 21 is hoisted so that the upper part of the lower staircase unit projects slightly upward from the opening 14 of the upper stage 12. In this state, the worker assembles and adds a stair unit above the lower stair unit on the walkway 13 of the upper stage 12, as shown in FIG.

After the extension, as shown in FIG. 5, the winding wire 23 of the winch 21 is extended, and the assembling steps 18 are lowered. Further, when the depth of the underground excavation is deep, the winch 21 is stopped while the upper part of the existing assembly stairs 18 projects slightly upward from the opening 14 of the upper stage 12, and one stair unit is added. Repeats that the winding wire 23 is extended and the additional assembly stairs 18 are lowered, and the assembly stairs 18
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the stair unit is added until the jack base 31 at the lower end of the stairs contacts the underground ground.

As described above, the entire load of the assembling stairs 18 can be supported by the jack base 31 by grounding the jack base 31 below the assembling stairs 18 that have been added and assembled to the underground ground. The assembling stairs 18 are lowered, and the winch 21 is stopped before the lower end of the assembling stairs 18 contacts the underground ground. In this state, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the opening 14 is provided in the upper stage 12. A stopper metal fitting 32 that can freely move in and out is engaged with the horizontal member 24 of the assembling stair 18, so that the upper stage 12 supports the entire load of the assembling stair 18 via the stopper metal fitting 32, and It may be installed so as to prevent the lowering of the assembly stairs 18 while preventing the descent. Thus, assembling stairs 1
If the space between the basement and the ground is more than one step of the stairs 29,
An adjustment ramp is installed below the assembly stairs 18.

Next, when excavating below the assembly stairs 18 installed as described above, the winch 2
The assembling stair 18 is raised by winding the hoisting wire 23 so as to leave a space below the assembling stair 18 for excavation work. When the excavation work is completed, the hoisting wire 23 of the winch 21 is extended to lower the assembling stairs 18, and the upper portion of the assembling stairs 18 slightly protrudes above the upper stage 12, and the winch 21 is stopped. The worker adds a stair unit above the existing assembly stairs 18 on the side corridor 13. Then, after the extension, the hoisting wire 23 of the winch 21 is extended, and the jack base 31 at the lower end of the assembly stairs 18 is installed on the underground ground. The number of stair units to be added is such that at least a portion above the assembling stairs 18 has at least the opening 14
To the number protruding upward. The amount of projection of the assembly stairs 18 from the opening 14 of the upper stage 12 is not particularly limited and may be any amount.

In the above embodiment, the installation of the upper stage 12 on the frame 10 and the opening 1 of the upper stage 12 are performed.
A crane was used to insert the lower two-stage stair unit into the inside of the upper stage 4. However, the addition of the third and subsequent stair units was carried out on the walkway 13 of the upper stage 12 by the worker without using the crane. Can be done at work.

Next, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 to 11, the lowermost stair unit is suspended and supported by the winch 21. Therefore, after the upper stage 12 is attached and installed by a crane, On the side corridor 13 of the stage 12, the assembling can be performed sequentially from the lowest stair unit without using a crane. The assembling procedure is as follows.

First, as in the first embodiment, the upper stage 12 is grounded and the crane 30 is used to fix the upper stage 12 to the frame 10 at the excavation site.

Thereafter, the worker supports the rectangular base frame 33, which is slightly smaller than the opening of the upper stage 12, on the walkway 13 of the upper stage 12 with the hanging bracket 34 at the lower end of the hoisting wire 23 of the winch 21. While being inserted into the opening 14, the base frame 33 and the upper stage 1
2 is supported by a stopper fitting 32. Then, the vertical support 19, the bracing 27, the horizontal member 28
Are assembled to form the lowermost staircase unit. When assembling the lowermost staircase unit, since the opening 14 of the upper stage 12 is open, it is preferable to stretch the net 35 on the base frame 33 in order to protect the safety of workers. . Thereafter, a stair unit is added on the lowest stair unit. The procedure is the same as that of the first embodiment. After assembling one stair unit, the procedure of extending the hoisting wire 23 of the winch 21 and lowering the assembly stair 18 is repeated to add the assembly stair 18. I do.

In the second embodiment, the lowermost staircase unit is assembled by the worker on the corridor 13 of the upper stage 12, but before the upper stage 12 is fixed to the frame 10, The lower staircase unit may be grounded and the lowermost staircase unit may be attached to the upper stage 12, and may be suspended by a crane together with the upper stage 12 and fixed to the frame 10.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention, the worker manually assembles the stair unit above the existing assembling stairs on the corridor of the upper stage fixed to the frame of the underground excavation work site. The additional assembly stairs can be lowered sequentially with the winch installed on the upper stage and the lower end of the assembly stairs can be grounded to the underground ground. There is no need to install such a device.

After the assembling stairs are installed, the winch winding wire is wound and the assembling stairs are raised,
Excavation below the assembly stairs can also be performed without removing the assembly stairs with a crane.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an upper stage.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of an upper stage.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state in which a lower assembly stair is suspended and installed in an opening of an upper stage.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which assembling stairs are added on the upper stage.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state in which the additional assembly stairs are lowered with a winch and the lower end is grounded to the underground ground.

FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a stair unit.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a stopper metal part.

FIG. 9 is a side view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the upper stage in which a stairway unit in which a lowermost staircase unit is incorporated is omitted.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a contact state between a vertical support of the assembly stairs and a guide roller.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 frame 11 bracket 12 upper stage 13 walkway 14 opening 15 receiving frame 16 fixing part 17 guide arm 18 assembling stairs 19 vertical support 20 guide roller 21 winch 22 notch 23 winding wire 24 horizontal member 25 handrail 26 building frame 27 bracing 28 Horizontal material 29 Stairs 30 Crane 31 Jack base 32 Stopper bracket 33 Base frame 34 Hanging bracket 35 Net

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E04G 1/26 E04G 27/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] An upper stage fixed to a retaining wall for underground excavation, having an opening in the center, and having a walkway around the upper stage,
In the opening of the upper stage, an assembling stair is suspended and supported by the winch installed on the upper stage so as to be able to ascend and descend with respect to the upper stage. An assembling staircase for underground construction. 2. The underground basement according to claim 1, wherein guide rollers are provided at four corners of the opening of the upper stage to guide vertical columns at the four corners of the assembling stairs when the assembling stairs are moved up and down with respect to the upper stage. Assembly stairs for construction. 3. The underground work according to claim 1, further comprising a stopper fitting between the upper stage and the assembling stairs for supporting the entire load of the assembling stairs and preventing the assembling stairs from descending. For assembling stairs. 4. A plurality of sets capable of vertically extending an upper stage having an opening in the center thereof and a corridor around the retaining wall for underground excavation. After supporting at least one of the lower stair units among the assembled stairs configured by the stair units of the upper stage so as to be able to ascend and descend by the winch installed on the upper stage, the upper stair unit on the corridor of the upper stage, A method for assembling an assembling stair for underground work, comprising assembling and adding a stair unit above a lower stair unit, and sequentially lowering the added stair unit by a winch installed on an upper stage.