JP2869799B2 - Ruminant feed additives - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a feed additive for ruminants. More specifically, the present invention relates to a ruminant animal feed additive that, when fed to a ruminant animal, is digested and absorbed in digestive organs from the abomasum and beyond without being decomposed in the rumen, and easily processed into pellets and the like.

BACKGROUND ART Various feed additives have been used to maintain the health of ruminants and promote their growth. However, when the feed additive is orally administered to a ruminant animal, the microorganisms in the rumen degrade the feed additive in the rumen, preventing effective absorption in the rumen and beyond.

For this reason, feed additives have been developed that pass through the rumen of ruminants without being decomposed and are well absorbed by the digestive organs of the abomasum and beyond.

As such feed additives, feed additives for promoting animal growth consisting of fatty acid calcium salts or feeds using the same (JP-A-58-47442) are known. It has been reported that it has the effect of increasing milk yield.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, conventional feed additives using a fatty acid calcium salt as a main component have a problem in processability, and do not exhibit their effects sufficiently.

Generally, feed additives are processed and fed into ruminant edible pellets.

Fatty acid calcium salts can be obtained in powdered or granular form depending on the production method. Fatty acid calcium salts, whether in powder or granular form, have poor moldability, and are very brittle and liable to crumble even if molded by a compression method or the like.

In order to improve the moldability, a binder is mixed with powdered calcium fatty acid or coated on the surface of granular calcium fatty acid. As a binder, for example, high melting point fats and oils are known, but when this is used, the fats and oils are decomposed by microorganisms in the rumen of the ruminant animal, and the unsaturated fatty acids generated by the decomposition are removed from other microorganisms. It shows toxicity and affects fermentation, and fats and oils coat the fibers and microorganisms of the feed to reduce the digestion of the fibers, preventing effective absorption from the abomasum and beyond. This may lead to a decrease in body weight and a decrease in milk fat ratio.

Further, if the surface is covered with a high melting point fat, there is a disadvantage that the lumen bypass property, which is a feature of the fatty acid calcium salt, is not exhibited.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has a good rumen bypass effect on ruminants, improves the processability into pellets and the like, and enhances the ruminant feeding rate to ruminants. It is intended to provide a feed additive for food.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result of dissolving animal and vegetable fats and oils in higher fatty acids, dissolving the same in water with metal chloride and granulating the higher fatty acid metal salts to feed animal feed. The present invention has been found to be effective in improving ruminant feedability to ruminants by improving the ability to pass rumen to the rumen and the digestibility after the abomasum to ruminants, improve the processability into pellets, etc. Reached.

That is, the present invention dissolves a fatty acid solution obtained by dissolving animal and vegetable fats and oils in a higher fatty acid having an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms by dissolving at least one of an oxide, hydroxide or carbonate of an alkaline earth metal. Alternatively, it is a ruminant animal feed additive comprising granular fatty acid salts containing animal and vegetable fats and oils obtained by dropping into a dispersed aqueous solution. The granular fatty acid salt used here is mainly composed of animal and vegetable oils and fats in the inner layer and fatty acid salts in the outer layer. The fatty acid salts in the outer layer prevent degradation by microorganisms in the rumen of ruminant animals and are caused by the animal and vegetable oils and fats in the inner layer. Depending on the plasticity, high strength pellets can be produced as they are or mixed with a compound feed.

As the higher fatty acid used in the present invention, a fatty acid having an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms is suitable.
If the alkyl group or alkenyl group of the fatty acid has less than 6 carbon atoms, it is difficult to produce granular particles, and if it has more than 22, the digestive and absorptive properties in the digestive organs after the abomasum decrease, which is not preferable.

Representative of the higher fatty acids are caproic acid,
Caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid,
Palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachinic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, erucic acid, etc., and these higher fatty acids can be used alone or 2
A mixture of more than one species may be used. Fatty acids obtained by decomposing oils and fats such as animal and vegetable fats or hydrogenated hydrogenated fats and oils obtained by hydrogenating these animal and vegetable fats and oils according to a conventional method are used as higher fatty acids obtained by mixing two or more kinds of fatty acids. No.

Animal and vegetable fats and oils used in the present invention include animal and vegetable fats such as beef tallow, lard, milk fat and mutton fat; coconut oil, palm oil, palm liquid fat, palm kernel oil, cocoa butter, soybean oil, rapeseed oil,
Vegetable fats such as cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, rice bran oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, walnut oil, etc .; Separated solid fats or oils obtained by fractionating oils; liquid oils and fractions; animal and vegetable fats and oils; transesterified fats and oils obtained by transesterifying one or a mixture of two or more hardened oils; and hardened fats and oils thereof.

The amount of animal and vegetable fats and oils added to the higher fatty acids is% by weight.
Higher fatty acids: animal and vegetable fats and oils = 95-50: 5-50 are preferred,
More preferably, it is 90-70: 10-30.

If the amount of the animal or vegetable oil or fat is less than 5% by weight, the resulting granular fatty acid salt is insufficient in plasticity, making it difficult to process into pellets and the like. The protective effect of fatty acid salts in the rumen of animals is weakened, and fats and oils are easily decomposed in the rumen, which is not preferable.

Examples of the alkaline earth metal oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate used in the present invention include magnesium, calcium, barium and other alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates. At least one selected one is used.

The amount of the alkaline earth metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate used is preferably 0.5 to 0.7 molar equivalents to the higher fatty acid to be added.

Granular fatty acid salts containing animal and vegetable oils and fats of the present invention are obtained by granulating the higher fatty acids, animal and vegetable oils and fats, and oxides, hydroxides or carbonates of alkaline earth metals in water using, for example, the following: It can be manufactured in the same manner.

First, a fatty acid solution is prepared by dissolving a predetermined amount of animal and vegetable fats and oils in higher fatty acids. Fatty acid solution is prepared by adding animal and vegetable fats and oils to higher fatty acids dissolved above the melting point,
After adding animal and vegetable fats and oils to the higher fatty acids, the mixture can be heated and mixed to a temperature higher than the melting point of the higher fatty acids, but the former method is generally preferred. The obtained fatty acid solution is added dropwise to an aqueous solution in which an oxide, hydroxide or carbonate of an alkaline earth metal is dissolved or dispersed to granulate and neutralize higher fatty acids to form fatty acid salts.

The particle size of the fatty acid salt particles can be changed by the stirring speed of the aqueous solution and the dropping speed of the higher fatty acid to the aqueous solution.In the present invention, the fatty acid salt particles having a particle size of 0.1 to 5 mm are obtained. It is preferable to adjust these conditions.

After dropping the higher fatty acid, then at a liquid temperature of 40-90 ° C, 0.1-
The reaction is carried out for 3 hours to metallate the higher fatty acid, and if necessary, drying and separation of coarse particles or fine particles to obtain a granular fatty acid salt suitable for a ruminant animal feed additive.

Fatty acid salts containing the animal and vegetable fats and oils of the present invention promote growth and enhance pharmacological effects of vitamins, amino acids, phospholipids, lipid unsaponifiables, bioactive fats and oils, physiologically active substances such as minerals, and other flavors. And additives such as antioxidants. When these additives are used, they are preferably added to a higher fatty acid solution before metal salting.

The ruminant feed additive of the present invention can be used for ruminants either alone or, if necessary, blended with a commonly used feed or the like. The amount used depends on the type of ruminant, the age, the compounding ratio in the feed, etc., but usually 200 to 6 ruminant feed additives per animal are used.
00g / day is preferred.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

〔Example〕

Example 1 800 ml of tap water and 40 g of calcium hydroxide were placed in one beaker.
And heated to 50 ° C. while stirring. Next, 270 g of tallow-decomposed fatty acid (neutralization value 204) is heated to 70 ° C., and a higher fatty acid solution obtained by adding 30 g of tallow to this and gradually dissolving is added dropwise to the above-mentioned aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide with stirring. , Liquid temperature 50 ℃
For 1 hour. After the completion of the reaction, water was separated by filtration,
The filtrate was dried using a dryer to obtain a fatty acid salt containing tallow. The properties are shown in Table 1.

The obtained fatty acid salt was added to the compounded feed, and pelletized using a disc pelleter (F-5) manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., and the ease of pelletization (processing capacity) was measured. Table 2 shows the mixing ratio of the mixed feed and the fatty acid salt and the results of pelletization.

Next, using the obtained pellets, a solubility test in the rumen and abomasum of cattle described below was performed, and the results were shown in Table-2.
Shown in

Ruminal Solubility Test Method 5 g of a sample pellet and 300 ml of an isotonic buffer having a pH of 7.0, which is equivalent to bovine ruminal fluid, were placed in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask.
The mixture was shaken for 48 hours while being kept at ° C. After completion of shaking, the mixture was filtered, the filtrate was extracted with hexane, and the concentration of animal and vegetable fats and oils in the extract was analyzed by Iatroscan (manufactured by Iatron Laboratories). ) And the decomposition rate (%) of the fatty acid salt were determined.

Ruminal Solubility Test Method 5 g of a sample pellet and 300 ml of an isotonic buffer at pH 2.0 corresponding to bovine abomasum fluid were placed in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask.
The mixture was shaken for 5 hours while maintaining the temperature. After completion of the shaking, the mixture was filtered and extracted with hexane in the same manner as described above, and the extract was analyzed to determine the dissolution rate (%) of animal and vegetable oils and fats and the decomposition rate (%) of fatty acid salts.

Examples 2 to 4, Reference Examples 1 and 2 Using higher fatty acids (A), animal and vegetable fats and oils (B) and alkaline earth metal compounds (C) shown in Table 1, reacted in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain granular products. Fatty acid salts (fatty acid salts No.2 to No.6)
I got

A pelletization test and a pellet solubility test were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained fatty acid salt.

Table 1 shows the properties of the fatty acid salts, and Table 2 shows the results of the pelletization test and pellet solubility test.

Comparative Example 1 90 g of hardened tallow oil (mp 60 ° C.) was added to 210 g of powdered fatty acid calcium salt obtained by pulverizing a commercially available fatty acid calcium salt, mixed by heating to 70 ° C., and granulated by a wet twin-screw granulator. Granulation yielded granules with a particle size of 0.5-2 mm.

A pelletization test and a solubility test were performed using the obtained granules in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table-2.

Comparative Example 2 A solubility test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using 300 g of a commercially available fatty acid calcium salt having a particle size of 0.5 to 2 mm.
Shown in

〔effect〕

As described above, the ruminant animal feed additive of the present invention is obtained by dissolving animal and vegetable fats and oils in higher fatty acids, and metal chloride and granulating the same in water, comprising granular fatty acid salts containing animal and vegetable fats and oils. In comparison with conventional feed additives, ruminant animal rumen permeability and
It has good digestibility in the digestive tract after the stomach and is easy to process ruminants into an easy-to-eat form, providing energy sources to ruminants, promoting digestion and absorption of the nutrients, and maintaining the health of ruminants. In addition, it exerts effects such as being able to enhance physical strength.

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-63-313547 (JP, A) JP-A-61-37054 (JP, A) JP-A-63-98359 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int) .Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A23K 1/18 A23K 1/16

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fatty acid solution obtained by dissolving animal and vegetable fats and oils in a higher fatty acid having an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, and dissolving at least one of an oxide, hydroxide or carbonate of an alkaline earth metal. Alternatively, a ruminant animal feed additive comprising a granular fatty acid salt containing animal and vegetable fats and oils obtained by dropping into a dispersed aqueous solution.