JP2720075B2 - Ruminant feed additives - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a ruminant feed additive containing a physiologically active substance. More specifically, when a bioactive substance is supplied to a ruminant animal, the fourth substance is not decomposed in the rumen.
The present invention relates to a ruminant feed additive that is digested and absorbed in the digestive tract after the stomach.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND ART Bioactive substances are used to maintain the health of ruminants and promote their growth. However, when a bioactive substance is added to feed and administered orally to ruminants, the bioactive substance is degraded in the rumen by microorganisms in the rumen, and effective absorption is performed in the rumen and beyond. Absent.

In order to enhance the action of the bioactive substance on ruminants, it is necessary that the administered bioactive substance passes through the rumen without being decomposed and is absorbed by the digestive organs after the abomasum. Various methods have been proposed.

For example, lipids, inorganic metal compounds insoluble in the rumen,
A high melting point fatty acid or a metal salt thereof, a high melting point fat, a high melting point wax, a cellulose derivative, a polyvinyl derivative, a high molecular substance into which an amine is introduced, chitosan, etc. are used as a protective agent, and these protective agents are mixed with a physiologically active substance. A method of granulating into a feed additive (JP-A-52-117780, JP-A-60-168350)
Or a method in which a protective agent and a physiologically active substance are mixed and granulated, and the surface is heat-treated to form a film and used as a feed additive (JP-A-60-258111, JP-A-60-258112). After granulating a physiologically active substance, a method of forming a single or double coat of a protective agent therearound according to a conventional method to prepare a feed additive (JP-A-52-117780, JP-A-58-175449, JP-A-58-175449) No. 141242,
No. 60-141243, No. 61-37054, No. 61-88844, No. 64
Nos. -10947 and 64-13953) are known.

[Problems of the prior art]

However, these conventionally known feed additives are difficult to exert a sufficient effect on the permeation in the rumen and the digestive absorption in the abomasum, and the production cost is high.

For example, a method of mixing and granulating a physiologically active substance and a protective agent is generally known as a rolling granulation method, an extrusion granulation method,
Particles are produced by a granulation method such as spray granulation, dynamic granulation, or compression granulation.However, special granulation equipment is required, the production cost increases, and the type of protective agent is required. Disadvantages include the need for a third component, such as a binder, to dilute the concentration of the physiologically active substance, and the fact that the particles produced by these granulation methods have low physical strength and are easily disintegrated in the rumen. There is.

Further, the method of forming a film comprises a granulation step and a film formation step, which requires high equipment costs, and the generated particles are digested in the abomasum and beyond even if the ruminal permeability is improved. There are drawbacks such as reduced absorbency.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and when orally administered to a ruminant animal, the physiologically active substance is not decomposed in the rumen and is well digested and absorbed in the digestive organs after the rumen. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ruminant feed additive for ruminants.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result of dissolving a physiologically active substance in a higher fatty acid, by metal salting and granulation in water,
Granular particles containing a high concentration of a physiologically active substance can be obtained with a simple operation and device, and the obtained particles have excellent permeability in the rumen and digestibility in the digestive organs after the abomasum and are ruminant. The present invention was found to be suitable as an animal feed additive and led to the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a fatty acid solution obtained by dissolving a physiologically active substance in a higher fatty acid having an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, using at least one kind of alkaline earth metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate. It is a ruminant animal feed additive using a granular fatty acid alkaline earth metal salt containing a physiologically active substance, which is obtained by dropping into a dissolved or dispersed aqueous solution, granulating and neutralizing the fatty acid.

As the higher fatty acid used in the present invention, a fatty acid having an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms is suitable.
If the alkyl group or alkenyl group of the fatty acid has less than 6 carbon atoms, it is difficult to produce granular particles, and if it has more than 22, the digestive and absorptive properties in the digestive organs after the abomasum decrease, which is not preferable.

Representative of the higher fatty acids are caproic acid,
Caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid,
Palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachinic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, erucic acid, etc., and these higher fatty acids can be used alone or 2
A mixture of more than one species may be used. Examples of the higher fatty acid in which two or more kinds are mixed include fatty acids obtained by subjecting fats and oils such as animal and vegetable fats and oils such as hydrogenated hardened fats and hydrogenated animal and vegetable fats and oils to high pressure or enzymatic degradation according to a conventional method.

The physiologically active substance used in the present invention includes vitamins,
Examples include amino acids, phospholipids, unsaponifiable lipids, fats and oils having biological activity, and minerals. For example, as the vitamins, vitamin A _1, vitamin A _2, vitamin A _3, vitamin D _2, vitamin D _3, vitamin E, vitamin K _1, vitamin
K _2, vitamin B _1, vitamin B _2, vitamin B _6, vitamin C
And their derivatives such as palmitate and acetate.

As amino acids, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, serine, threonine, cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, lysine,
Arginine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine, tryptophan, proline, oxyproline and the like.

Examples of the phospholipids include phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, glycerophospholipids such as phosphatidic acid, sphingomyelin, sphingolipids such as ceramide syratin, monogalactosyl diglyceride, and glycolipids such as digalactosyl diglyceride. .

Lipid unsaponifiable compounds include cholesterol, dehydrocholesterin, ergosterin, stigmasterin, β-
Sterins such as sitosterin, squalene, aliphatic or alicyclic polyenes such as carotenoids, chimyl alcohol,
Glycerin ethers of glycerin with batyl alcohol, serakyl alcohol, and the like are included.

Examples of the physiologically active fats and oils include triglycerides of medium chain fatty acids having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, fish oils, and extracted oils of nuts.

It is preferable that these physiologically active substances have a lipophilic property because they dissolve in the higher fatty acid and then perform a granulation reaction in water.

The addition amount of the physiologically active substance is 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 20% by weight, based on 99.9 to 50% by weight of the metal salt of the higher fatty acid. 0.1 of bioactive substance added
If it is less than 50% by weight, its pharmacological effect is not exhibited, and 50% by weight
If the ratio exceeds the above range, the protective effect of the metal salt of higher fatty acid in the rumen is weakened, and it is easily decomposed in the rumen, which is not preferable.

Examples of the alkaline earth metal oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate used in the present invention include magnesium, calcium, barium and other alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates. At least one selected one is used.

Granular fatty acid salt containing the physiologically active substance of the present invention,
It is obtained by granulating in water using the above-mentioned higher fatty acid, physiologically active substance, and oxide, hydroxide or carbonate of alkaline earth metal, and can be produced, for example, as follows.

First, a fatty acid solution in which a predetermined amount of a physiologically active substance is dissolved in a higher fatty acid is prepared. The preparation of the fatty acid solution can be performed by adding a physiologically active substance to the higher fatty acid dissolved above the melting point and mixing the mixture, or by adding the physiologically active substance to the higher fatty acid and then heating and mixing above the melting point of the higher fatty acid. However, the former method is generally preferred. Add flavors and antioxidants here if necessary. The obtained fatty acid solution is dropped into an aqueous solution in which an oxide, hydroxide or carbonate of an alkaline earth metal is dissolved or dispersed to perform granulation and neutralize the higher fatty acid to obtain a fatty acid alkaline earth metal salt. .

The amount of the oxide, hydroxide or carbonate of the alkaline earth metal used is preferably 1.0 to 1.5 molar equivalents to the higher fatty acid to be added.

The particle size of the obtained fatty acid salt particles can be changed by the stirring speed of the aqueous solution and the dropping speed of the higher fatty acid to the aqueous solution.In the present invention, the fatty acid salt particles having a particle size of 0.1 to 5 mm are used. It is preferable to adjust these conditions so as to obtain.

After dropping the higher fatty acid, then at a liquid temperature of 40-90 ° C, 0.1-
Reaction for 3 hours to convert higher fatty acid to alkaline earth metal,
If necessary, drying and separation of coarse particles or fine particles are performed to obtain granular fatty acid salts suitable for ruminant animal feed additives.

The fatty acid salt obtained here is a granular particle, which contains a physiologically active substance inside, and when supplied to a ruminant, in the rumen, the physiologically active substance is converted into a fatty acid alkaline earth metal salt. Since it is protected and is not decomposed, the physiologically active substance is digested and absorbed in the digestive organs of the abomasum and thereafter, thereby exerting its effect.

The alkaline earth metal salt of a fatty acid containing a physiologically active substance of the present invention can be used alone or, if necessary, in combination with a commonly used feed or the like for ruminants. The amount used varies depending on the type of ruminant, the age, the compounding ratio in the feed, etc., but usually 200 to 600 fatty acid alkaline earth metal salts containing a physiologically active substance per animal.
g / day is preferred.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

〔Example〕

Example 1 600 ml of tap water and 40 g of calcium hydroxide were placed in one beaker.
And heated to 70 ° C. while stirring. Next, 270 g of tallow-decomposed fatty acid (neutralization value 204) was heated to 70 ° C., and 30 g of soybean lecithin was added thereto and dissolved. After adjustment, the reaction was carried out at a liquid temperature of 70 ° C. for 1 hour. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was filtered to separate water, and the filtrate was dried using a dryer to obtain a fatty acid calcium salt containing a physiologically active substance. This fatty acid calcium salt is a granular particle having a particle size of 0.5 to 3 mm,
It contained 6.8% by weight of calcium and 30% by weight of soy lecithin and had an acid value of 0.8.

Using the obtained fatty acid calcium salt, a solubility test in the rumen and abomasum of cattle shown below was performed, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Rumen solubility test method 1g granular fatty acid salt containing physiologically active substance
50 ml of a buffer solution having a pH of 7.0 corresponding to gastric juice was placed in a 200 ml Erlenmeyer flask, and shaken for 48 hours while maintaining the solution temperature at 40 ° C.
After shaking, the mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was extracted with hexane.
The concentration of the physiologically active substance and the concentration of the fatty acid in the extract were analyzed by Iatroscan (manufactured by Iatron Laboratories), and the elution rate (%) of the physiologically active substance and the decomposition rate (%) of the fatty acid salt were determined.

Abomasum Solubility Test Method 1g of granular fatty acid salt containing physiologically active substance
50 ml of a buffer solution having a pH of 2.0 corresponding to gastric juice was placed in a 200 ml Erlenmeyer flask, and shaken for 5 hours while maintaining the temperature at 40 ° C.
After shaking, filtration and extraction with hexane were performed in the same manner as described above, and the extract was analyzed to determine the elution rate (%) of the physiologically active substance and the decomposition rate (%) of the fatty acid salt.

Examples 2 to 4 A fatty acid solution was used in the same manner as in Example 1 using an aqueous solution in which the higher fatty acid A, the physiologically active substance B, and the alkaline earth metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate C shown in Table 1 were dispersed or dissolved. , A granulation reaction and a metal chloride reaction of the fatty acid solution to obtain a granular fatty acid alkaline earth metal salt containing a physiologically active substance, and the solubility of the fatty acid salt in the rumen and abomasum of cattle The test was performed.

Table 1 shows the compounding ratio of each raw material, the composition of the obtained alkaline earth metal salt of fatty acid containing the physiologically active substance, and the solubility test result.

Comparative Example 1 200 g of calcium carbonate and 50 g of soybean lecithin were added to 50 g of hardened tallow oil (mp 60 ° C.), mixed by heating to 70 ° C., and granulated by a wet twin-screw granulator to obtain a particle size of 0.3 to 3 mm. Granules were obtained.

A solubility test was carried out using the obtained granules in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2 Tribasic calcium phosphate was added to 130 g of hardened tallow oil (mp 60 ° C.)
50 g, methionine 30 g, and vitamin E 30 g were added, and the mixture was heated to 75 ° C. and dissolved, and then granulated with a stirring granulator to obtain granules having a particle size of 0.1 to 1 mm.

Hardened beef tallow oil (mp60 ° C) heated and melted in 100g of this granular material
20 g was added for coating to obtain a granular material having a particle size of 0.3 to 3 mm.

A solubility test was carried out using the obtained granules in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.

〔effect〕

As described above, the ruminant feed additive of the present invention is obtained by dissolving a physiologically active substance in a higher fatty acid, obtaining the alkaline earth metal salt and granulating the same in water, and containing a high concentration of the physiologically active substance. It uses a granular fatty acid alkaline earth metal salt that can be manufactured with simple operation and equipment as compared to conventional feed additives, and has a ruminant rumen permeability and a Good digestibility in the digestive tract after the stomach, providing an energy source to ruminants, promoting digestion and absorption of various nutrients, maintaining the ruminant's health, and enhancing its physical strength. I do.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Haruhiko Shimoda 4-66-1, Horikiri, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo Inside Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Morio Ninomiya 4-66-1, Horikiri, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo Miyo (56) References JP-A-61-28351 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fatty acid solution in which a physiologically active substance is dissolved in a higher fatty acid having an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, and at least one kind of alkaline earth metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate. A ruminant animal feed additive comprising a granular fatty acid alkaline earth metal salt containing a physiologically active substance, which is obtained by dropping into a dissolved or dispersed aqueous solution, granulating and neutralizing a fatty acid.