JP2854791B2 - 焼結含油軸受用潤滑油 - Google Patents

焼結含油軸受用潤滑油

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Publication number
JP2854791B2
JP2854791B2 JP5293867A JP29386793A JP2854791B2 JP 2854791 B2 JP2854791 B2 JP 2854791B2 JP 5293867 A JP5293867 A JP 5293867A JP 29386793 A JP29386793 A JP 29386793A JP 2854791 B2 JP2854791 B2 JP 2854791B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
bearing
sintered
lubricating oil
impregnated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP5293867A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPH07126679A (ja
Inventor
久弥 中川
道明 滝沢
克己 長野
益弘 小野山
哲夫 一丸
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
Nidec Sankyo Corp
Original Assignee
Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
Nidec Sankyo Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd, Nidec Sankyo Corp filed Critical Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
Priority to JP5293867A priority Critical patent/JP2854791B2/ja
Priority to US08/334,317 priority patent/US5631211A/en
Publication of JPH07126679A publication Critical patent/JPH07126679A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2854791B2 publication Critical patent/JP2854791B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、焼結含油軸受用潤滑油
に関するもので、特に、小型モータなどに用いられる焼
結含油軸受に含浸して用いるのに適した潤滑油に関す
る。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】磁気ディスク回転駆動用モータ、音響機
器用モータ等の各種小型モータ、その他各種機器の軸受
装置として焼結含油軸受が広く用いられている。図１
は、焼結含油軸受を用いた小型モータの従来例を示す。
図１において、基板１０の上にはスペーサ１２を介して
ステータコア１４が載せられている。ステータコア１４
は中心孔を有し、この中心孔には軸受ホルダー１６の一
部が嵌められ、軸受ホルダー１６に一体成形されたフラ
ンジ部１８がステータコア１４の上に載せられている。
上記フランジ部１８、ステータコア１４、スペーサ１２
を貫通したビス２０が基板１０に捩じ込まれることによ
り、軸受ホルダー１６、ステータコア１４、スペーサ１
２が基板１０に固定されている。ステータコア１４は複
数の突極を有し、各突極には駆動コイル１５が巻回され
ている。
【０００３】軸受ホルダー１６の内周側には二つの焼結
含油軸受２２が圧入されている。これらの焼結含油軸受
２２はラジアル軸受を構成していて、その内周側に挿入
された軸２４を回転自在に支持している。図において軸
２４の下端は基板１０の孔に嵌められたスラスト受け２
６に当接し、軸２４に加わるスラスト荷重がスラスト受
け２６によって受け止められる。上側の焼結含油軸受２
２の上方に突出した軸２４の上端部にはロータ２８が結
合されている。ロータ２８にはリング状の駆動マグネッ
ト２５が固着され、駆動マグネット２５の内周面はステ
ータコア１４の上記各突極の外周面と適宜の間隙をおい
て対向している。駆動マグネット２５の回転位置に応じ
て各駆動コイル１５への通電を切り換えることにより、
ロータ２８及びこれと一体の軸２４が回転駆動される。
焼結含油軸受２２は微小なポーラスを無数に有し、ポー
ラスに潤滑油が含浸されている。軸２４が回転すると焼
結含油軸受２２から潤滑油が滲み出し軸２４と軸受２２
との摺接面を潤滑する。
【０００４】このように、従来の小型モータは軸受ホル
ダーを用いて軸受を保持している。そこで、部品数の削
減を図るために、図２ないし図４に示すように軸受ホル
ダーを用いることなく軸受を保持することが考えられ
る。ただし、まだ公知ではない。図２ないし図４におい
て、基板３０の上にはスペーサ３７を介してステータコ
ア３４が載せられている。ステータコア３４及びスペー
サ３７は中心孔を有し、これらの中心孔には１個の焼結
含油軸受４２が嵌められている。
【０００５】焼結含油軸受４２は、図３、図４に詳細に
示すように、全体としては軸方向にある程度の長さをも
った円筒形状であり、外周部の複数個所には、部分円筒
状の切除部４４と、この切除部４４に続く部分円筒状の
切除部４７が周方向に等間隔に形成されている。軸受４
２の半径方向への上記切除部４４と切除部４７の切り込
み深さは切除部４４の方が切除部４７よりも深く、これ
ら切除部４４と切除部４７との間に段部４６が形成され
ている。また、図４に示すように、軸受４２の上半部に
切除部４４が、軸受４２の下半部に切除部４６が形成さ
れている。
【０００６】焼結含油軸受４２の上記切除部４７に沿っ
てビス４０が配置されると共に、図２に示すように、ビ
ス４０が基板３０に捩じ込まれている。ビス４０の頭部
は軸受４２の切除部４４内に位置し、ビス４０の本体と
頭部との境にあるあご部が軸受４２の上記段部４６を押
さえることにより、軸受４２が基板３０上に固定されて
いる。また、ビス４０の上記あご部がステータコア３４
の中心孔の縁部を押さえることにより、ステータコア３
４もスペーサ３２を介して基板３０上に固定されてい
る。ステータコア３４は複数の突極を有し、各突極には
駆動コイル３５が巻回されている。
【０００７】焼結含油軸受４２はラジアル軸受を構成し
ていて、その内周側に挿入された軸３６を回転自在に支
持している。図において軸３６の下端は、軸受４２によ
って基板３０に押しつけられたスラスト受け４８に当接
し、軸３６に加わるスラスト荷重がスラスト受け４８に
よって受け止められる。焼結含油軸受４２の上方に突出
した軸３６の上端部にはロータ３８が結合されている。
ロータ３８にはリング状の駆動マグネット４５が固着さ
れ、駆動マグネット４５の内周面はステータコア３４の
各突極の外周面と適宜の間隙をおいて対向している。前
述の従来例と同様に、各駆動コイル３５への通電を切り
換え制御することにより、ロータ３８と軸３６が回転駆
動される。焼結含油軸受４２には潤滑油が含浸され、軸
３６と軸受４２との摺接面を潤滑油が潤滑する。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の焼結含油軸受に
含浸される潤滑油は、パラフィン系、ナフテン系の各種
鉱油、エステル系、ポリオレフィン系等の各種合成油を
基油としていて、特性に応じて使い分けられている。こ
のような従来の潤滑油を、図２ないし図４に示すモータ
の例のような軸受ホルダーをなくしたモータ等の軸受装
置の潤滑油として用いると、焼結含油軸受４２の外周面
が直接ステータコア３４及びスペーサ３２の内周面に当
接しており、焼結含油軸受４２の底部が直接基板３０に
当接しているため、焼結含油軸受４２に含浸されている
潤滑油が、焼結含油軸受４２の外周面とステータコア３
４及びスペーサ３２の内周面との隙間、焼結含油軸受４
２の底面と基板３０との隙間、さらには軸３６とスラス
ト受け４８との隙間から流出し、軸受４２内の潤滑油が
不足して、モータの電流値が高くなる、軸の振れが大き
くなる、ワウ・フラッタが大きくなるなど、諸特性が悪
化するという難点がある。
【０００９】本発明は、このような従来の問題点を解消
するためになされたもので、軸受ホルダーを介すること
なく軸受装置を直接基板その他の不動部材に固定して
も、軸受装置から流出することを防止して諸特性の改善
を図ることができる焼結含油軸受用潤滑油を提供するこ
とを目的とする。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明にかかる焼結含油
軸受用潤滑油は、ポリα−オレフィン水素化物又はエチ
レン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素化物を含む基油にポ
リエチレンを添加してなる焼結含油軸受用潤滑油であっ
て、焼結含油軸受から基油が流出するのを抑制する分子
量が１，０００〜２，５００、かつ融点が９０℃〜１１
０℃のポリエチレンを、基油１００重量部に対して０．
５〜１０重量部添加したことを特徴とする。
【００１１】基油は、ポリα−オレフィン水素化物、エ
チレン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素化物、若しくは両
者の混合物とするのが望ましい。また、ポリα−オレフ
ィン水素化物、エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素
化物、若しくは両者の混合物からなる基油に、ポリメタ
クリレート若しくはポリブテン類を配合してもよい。
【００１２】
【００１３】
【作用】ポリα−オレフィン水素化物又はエチレン−α
−オレフィン共重合体水素化物を含む基油が軸受装置の
潤滑を行う。この基油に焼結含油軸受から基油が流出す
るのを抑制するポリエチレンを添加した焼結含油軸受用
潤滑油は軸受装置から流出しにくくなり、軸受装置の潤
滑油不足が解消される。
【００１４】
【実施例】以下、本発明にかかる焼結含油軸受用潤滑油
の実施例について説明する。本発明にかかる焼結含油軸
受用潤滑油の基油は、本出願人等が先に特許出願した特
願平５−２０５２０２号の明細書に記載したものと同様
に、ポリα−オレフィン水素化物又はエチレン−α−オ
レフィン共重合体水素化物を含むものである。ポリα−
オレフィン水素化物は、例えば１−デセン、イソブテン
等をルイス酸等の触媒で重合させて得られた重合物を水
素化することにより得られる。また、エチレン−α−オ
レフィン共重合体水素化物は、例えばエチレンと１−デ
セン、イソブテン等をルイス酸等の触媒で重合させて得
られた重合物を水素化することにより得られる。これら
は、数平均分子量が２００〜１．６００程度のものが好
ましい。なお、水素化は完全に行われなくてもよいが、
水素化の程度が低いと劣化しやすい。ポリα−オレフィ
ン水素化物及びエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素
化物は、少量の耐摩耗剤、又は／および極圧材の配合量
でも十分な耐摩耗性が得られる。
【００１５】本発明にかかる焼結含油軸受用潤滑油の基
油は、上記のとおりポリα−オレフィン水素化物又はエ
チレン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素化物を含むもので
あるが、好ましくはポリα−オレフィン水素化物、エチ
レン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素化物又は両者の混合
物であり、より好ましくは両者の混合物である。混合物
の場合の両者の割合は、ポリα−オレフィン水素化物１
００重量部に対してエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体
水素化物１０〜３５０重量部、好ましくは５０〜２００
重量部の範囲がよい。
【００１６】また、他の好ましい基油は、ポリα−オレ
フィン水素化物、エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体水
素化物又は両者の混合物に、ポリメタクリレート又はポ
リブテンを配合したものである。ポリメタクリレートと
しては、数平均分子量５，０００〜１００，０００のポ
リメタクリレートが好ましく、ポリブテンとしては数平
均分子量３００〜５０，０００のポリブテンが好まし
い。なお、ポリブテンとしては、ポリ１−ブテン、ポリ
２−ブテン、ポリイソブテン又はこれらの混合物があ
る。ポリメタクリレート又はポリブテンの配合量は、ポ
リα−オレフィン水素化物、エチレン−α−オレフィン
共重合体水素化物又は両者の混合物１００重量部に対
し、０．１〜２０重量部、好ましくは１〜１０重量部で
ある。小量では基油の構成成分としての作用や増粘剤と
しての作用、効果がなく、また、多量に配合すると、せ
ん断による粘度低下、劣化によるラッカーの生成などの
不具合が生じる。ポリメタクリレート、ポリブテンは増
粘材としての作用も有する。
【００１７】上記のような基油に焼結含油軸受のポーラ
スから基油が流出するのを抑制するポリエチレンを添加
する。ポリエチレンとしては、例えば低分子量ポリエチ
レン、変性ポリエチレン等を用いることができる。ま
た、ポリエチレンとしては、分子量１，０００〜２，５
００、融点が９０℃〜１００℃（従って、常温では固体
状）の範囲のものが好ましい。より好ましくは、極性基
を付与したポリエチレンであり、例えば酸価型ポリエチ
レンである。ポリエチレンの添加量は、基油１００重量
部に対してポリエチレン０．５〜１０重量部とする。
【００１８】このように、ポリα−オレフィン水素化物
又はエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素化物を含む
基油にポリエチレンを添加してなる潤滑油を焼結含油軸
受に含浸させると、上記潤滑油は焼結含油軸受から流出
しにくくなる。従って、この潤滑油を含浸させた焼結含
油軸受を小型モータ等の軸受装置として用いれば、軸と
スラスト受けとの隙間や、軸受とこれに対向する部材と
の隙間などからの潤滑油の流出量が減少し、モータの電
流値が高くなったり、軸の振れが大きくなったり、ワウ
・フラッタが大きくなるというような、諸特性の悪化を
防止することができる。
【００１９】なお、上記潤滑油に、必要に応じて酸化防
止剤、防錆・防食剤、耐摩剤、極圧添加剤等を加えると
なおよい。
【００２０】なお、本発明にかかる焼結含油軸受用潤滑
油は、図２に示すような軸受ホルダーレスのモータのほ
か、図１に示すような軸受ホルダーを有するモータの軸
受にも適用可能である。
【００２１】次に、本発明の実施例を示す。 実施例１ １−デセンの重合物を水素化して得られたポリα−オレ
フィン水素化物（４０℃粘度：１６．９ｃｓｔ）に、ポ
リエチレンワックス（酸価型、三井石油化学（株）製三
井ハイワックス２２０ＭＰ）５％を配合して潤滑油とし
た。この潤滑油を図２に示すモータの軸受含浸油として
使用し、試験した。また、比較のために、ポリエチレン
ワックスを配合しない潤滑油についても同様に試験し
た。図５はこの試験結果を示すもので、（ａ）は潤滑油
にポリマーを添加する前の無負荷電流の経時変化を、
（ｂ）は潤滑油にポリマーを添加したあとの無負荷電流
の経時変化を、（ｃ）は潤滑油にポリマーを添加する前
の回転むらの経時変化を、（ｄ）は潤滑油にポリマーを
添加したあとの回転むらの経時変化を示す。何れも試験
対象のモータ数は５個であり、試験温度６０℃、回転数
３６０ｒｐｍ、軸方向は横軸の条件のもとで試験した。
この試験結果から明らかなとおり、潤滑油にポリマーを
添加したものが、無負荷電流、回転むらの何れについて
も長時間にわたり良好な特性を維持しており、潤滑油の
流出が少ないことを裏付けている。
【００２２】
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、ポリα−オレフィン水
素化物又はエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素化物
を含む基油１００重量部に対して焼結含油軸受から基油
が流出するのを抑制する分子量が１，０００〜２，５０
０、かつ融点が９０℃〜１１０℃のポリエチレンを０．
５〜１０重量部添加してこれを焼結含油軸受用潤滑油と
したため、潤滑油が軸受から流出しにくくなり、小型モ
ータ等に適用すれば、電流値の減少、軸振れの低減、ワ
ウ・フラッタの低減など、諸特性が改善される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】焼結含油軸受を用いた従来一般のモータの例を
示す縦断面図。
【図２】焼結含油軸受を用いたモータの別の例を示す縦
断面図。
【図３】同上モータに用いられている焼結含油軸受を示
す平面図。
【図４】図３中の線Ａ−Ｏ−Ａに沿う断面図。
【図５】潤滑油にポリマーを添加する前と添加したあと
の無負荷電流と回転むらの経時変化の試験結果を示す線
図。
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｃ１０Ｎ 20:04 40:02 60:02 (72)発明者 小野山 益弘 愛知県名古屋市千種区向陽１−11−14 (72)発明者 一丸 哲夫 愛知県東海市加木屋町北鹿持16−43 (56)参考文献 特開 平３−217496（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 昭63−23239（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 特表 平４−502775（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) C10M 107/00 - 107/10 C10N 20:00 C10N 20:04 C10N 40:02 C10N 60:02 ＷＰＩ／Ｌ（ＱＵＥＳＴＥＬ)

Claims (3)

    (57)【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】 ポリα−オレフィン水素化物又はエチレ
    ン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素化物を含む基油にポリ
    エチレンを添加してなる焼結含油軸受用潤滑油であっ
    て、焼結含油軸受から基油が流出するのを抑制する分子
    量が１，０００〜２，５００、かつ融点が９０℃〜１１
    ０℃のポリエチレンを、基油１００重量部に対して０．
    ５〜１０重量部添加したことを特徴とする焼結含油軸受
    用潤滑油。
  2. 【請求項２】 基油が、ポリα−オレフィン水素化物、
    エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素化物、若しくは
    両者の混合物である請求項１記載の焼結含油軸受用潤滑
    油。
  3. 【請求項３】 基油が、ポリα−オレフィン水素化物、
    エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体水素化物、若しくは
    両者の混合物であり、この基油に、ポリメタクリレート
    若しくはポリブテン類を配合したものである請求項１記
    載の焼結含油軸受用潤滑油。
JP5293867A 1993-11-01 1993-11-01 焼結含油軸受用潤滑油 Expired - Fee Related JP2854791B2 (ja)

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US08/334,317 US5631211A (en) 1993-11-01 1994-11-01 Lubricating oil composition for use with sintered porous bearings

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