JP2584611B2 - 免疫学的測定法 - Google Patents

免疫学的測定法

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Publication number
JP2584611B2
JP2584611B2 JP60165008A JP16500885A JP2584611B2 JP 2584611 B2 JP2584611 B2 JP 2584611B2 JP 60165008 A JP60165008 A JP 60165008A JP 16500885 A JP16500885 A JP 16500885A JP 2584611 B2 JP2584611 B2 JP 2584611B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
antibody
measurement
antigen
radiation
particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP60165008A
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English (en)
Other versions
JPS6141966A (ja
Inventor
イー．アイ．ルオトラ ジユハニ
ハルジユンマー ハンヌ
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Thermo Fisher Scientific Oy
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Labsystems Oy
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Labsystems Oy filed Critical Labsystems Oy
Publication of JPS6141966A publication Critical patent/JPS6141966A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2584611B2 publication Critical patent/JP2584611B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/54313—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals the carrier being characterised by its particulate form
    • G01N33/54326—Magnetic particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
    • G01N33/582—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with fluorescent label
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10S436/806—Electrical property or magnetic property
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10S436/824—Immunological separation techniques

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は固体物質の微小球上に付着させた蛍光又は燐
光トレーサーを用いて抗体又は抗原を標識した、蛍光又
は燐光による免疫測定法に関するものである。
固相蛍光による免疫測定法（固相蛍光免疫測定法）に
おいて、抗原又は抗体はしばしばポリスチレン又はポリ
アクリリックで作られた微小球上に付着されている。こ
の方法では、更に大きな表面を用いることも可能であ
り、該表面には抗体又は抗原も又より付着し易い。固体
表面に付着した抗原又は抗体は、測定されるべき試料中
に存在する抗体又は抗原及び蛍光分子で標識した抗体又
は抗原と各々反応する。試料中に存在する抗体又は抗原
が多いほど、固相に付着する標識物質が少なくなる。液
相中に残る抗体又は抗原を分離し、次いで固相に付着し
ている標識物質の量を蛍光計を用いて測定することによ
り、試料中の抗体又は抗原の濃度を算出する。
先行技術の方法においては、余分に標識された抗体又
は抗原は蛍光測定の前に洗浄除去しなければならない。
特定の放射免疫測定法（RIA）においては、液体の除
去又は洗浄の間磁場を用いることによりその位置を保
つ、磁性物質を含む微小球が使用される。
アメリカ合衆国特許明細書第4438068号（第６欄、第
８行ないし第14行）には又、固相として磁性粒子を使用
する方法が開示されている。競合反応の後、粒子は磁石
を用いて沈澱され、次いで上澄液中に残った標識粒子の
輻射線が試験管の壁を通して測定される。開示された測
定法によると、結合標識の量は微小部分を沈澱させた
後、反応混合物から間接的に測定される。それ故、測定
精度は良くない。液相の測定も又、更に難かしい。すな
わち、測定を妨げたり、又は誤差を生じさせる物質が存
在する可能性がある。
本発明の固相蛍光免疫測定法においては、測定前に、
励起又は発光波長の波長において強く吸収する着色剤を
加え且つ磁性微小球を固相として使用する。反応後、磁
性微小球を反応容器の壁面に引きつけ、次いで蛍光（又
は燐光）輻射線を壁を通して測定する。
本発明の目的は、蛍光による測定前に余分のトレーサ
ーを微小球を含む測定容器の外に除去する必要のない蛍
光固相免疫測定法を提供することにある。
本発明の方法において、測定容器を空にして微小球を
洗浄する操作は省略することができる。それ故、測定に
おける液体の移動は液体の添加のみである。これにより
測定はより迅速となり、その自動化が確実に促進され
る。
しかしながら、測定精度は良好であり、そして液相は
測定を損わないであろう。
上述のように、測定の前に励起又は発光波長において
強く吸収する着色剤を加えるとよく、これにより、液相
からの背景輻射の影響は全く除かれる。
本発明の方法は、例えば以下のように行う：測定され
るべき抗体の抗原を磁性物質を含む大きさ約0.2ないし1
0μｍのプラスチック微小球に付着させる。このプラス
チックは、例えばポリスチレン又はポリアクリリックで
あり、そして磁性物質は例えば鉄、コバルト又はニッケ
ルである。
微小球を透明な測定容器例えば試験管中に入れ、この
中に測定されるべき抗体を含む試料及び蛍光分子を用い
るて標識した抗体を加える。反応の完結後、励起輻射線
を試料中に通過させるとともに蛍光輻射線を測定容器の
底部を通して検出器に集めることにより、固相上の抗体
に付着した標識抗体の量を蛍光計を用いて測定する。
更に、蛍光計に磁場を生じる手段を備え、そしてこれ
によって微小球を測定時間中測定容器の底部に引きつけ
る。
更に、測定前に、着色剤を粒状又は溶解状態で試料に
加える。この着色剤は励起輻射線又は発光輻射線の波長
で強い吸収を示す。この方法によって、微小球の表面に
付着したトレーサーの量を、液相中に残った過剰のトレ
ーサーによる干渉又は測定時の背景輻射による干渉なし
で正確に測定することができる。着色剤は好ましくは黒
色物例えばすすである。
勿論、着色剤を、抗原と抗体との反応に干渉しないよ
うに、又はトレーサーの蛍光を妨げないように選択すべ
きである。
本方法は燐光を用いる方法にも又適用できることは勿
論である。

Claims (4)

    (57)【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】抗原又は抗体を固体粒子に付着させ、該抗
    原又は抗体を測定容器中で測定されるべき試料中に存在
    する抗体又は抗原及び蛍光物質で標識した抗体又は抗原
    と各々反応させ、その後該固体粒子に付着したトレーサ
    ーを適する輻射線によって励起するとともに発光される
    蛍光又は燐光輻射線を測定する免疫学的測定方法であっ
    て、 測定前に励起又は発光輻射線の波長で強い吸収を示す着
    色剤を測定容器中に加えること、抗原又は抗体を磁性粒
    子に付着させ、測定の間該粒子を磁場を用いて測定容器
    の壁面に引きよせること、及び励起輻射線を磁性粒子中
    に通過させるとともに蛍光又は燐光輻射線を該測定容器
    の壁面を通して検出器に集めることを特徴とする免疫学
    的測定法。
  2. 【請求項２】抗原又は抗体を、磁性物質を加えたポリマ
    ー粒子に付着させることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲
    第１項記載の方法。
  3. 【請求項３】着色剤が黒色物である、特許請求の範囲第
    １項又は第２項記載の方法。
  4. 【請求項４】励起輻射線を試料中に通過させるとともに
    蛍光又は燐光輻射線を測定容器の底部を通して検出器に
    集めることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１項ないし
    第３項のいずれかに記載の方法。
JP60165008A 1984-07-26 1985-07-25 免疫学的測定法 Expired - Lifetime JP2584611B2 (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI842992A FI842992A0 (fi) 1984-07-26 1984-07-26 Immunologiskt definitionsfoerfarande.
FI842992 1984-07-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6141966A JPS6141966A (ja) 1986-02-28
JP2584611B2 true JP2584611B2 (ja) 1997-02-26

Family

ID=8519415

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60165008A Expired - Lifetime JP2584611B2 (ja) 1984-07-26 1985-07-25 免疫学的測定法

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4731337A (ja)
EP (1) EP0169434B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2584611B2 (ja)
AT (1) ATE67858T1 (ja)
DE (1) DE3584196D1 (ja)
FI (1) FI842992A0 (ja)

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EP0169434A2 (en) 1986-01-29
JPS6141966A (ja) 1986-02-28
EP0169434B1 (en) 1991-09-25
US4731337A (en) 1988-03-15
DE3584196D1 (de) 1991-10-31
EP0169434A3 (en) 1987-12-02
FI842992A0 (fi) 1984-07-26
ATE67858T1 (de) 1991-10-15

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