JP2529202B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a refrigerant cycle of an air conditioner.

2. Description of the Related Art The refrigerant cycle of a conventional heat pump type cooling and heating device is configured as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is a heat source side exchanger, 4 is a heating decompression device, 5 is a check valve forming a passage bypassing the heating decompression device 4 during cooling, and 6 is a cooling decompression device. , 7 is a pressure reducing device 6 for cooling during heating
A check valve that forms a passage that bypasses the heat exchanger, 8 is a heat exchanger on the use side, and 9 is an accumulator, which are connected in an annular shape to form a known refrigerant cycle. In recent years, these have been separated into a heat source side unit a and a use side unit b, and connection piping
The number of separate types connected by c, c'is increasing, and the length and height difference of the connecting pipes c, c are increasing.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the configuration as described above, the connection pipe becomes long due to the distance between the heat source side unit a and the use side unit b and the extension of the height difference, so that the pressure loss of the refrigerant due to the connection pipe is large. And the cooling and heating capacity declines (25% at 50m if cooled)
In addition, there is a problem that liquid compression due to an increase in the amount of refrigerant filled and damage to the compressor due to poor return of refrigerating machine oil occur. Therefore, the length and height difference of the connecting pipe are limited, and a longer chiller system and a height difference are handled by a chiller system known to the public. However, in this chiller system, since water is used as the heat transfer material, there are problems such as corrosion of the pipe, leakage of water, and increase in pump power.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the cooling and heating device of the present invention is
Compressor, four-way valve, heat source side heat exchanger, pressure reducing device and first
A heat source side refrigerant cycle in which auxiliary heat exchangers are connected in an annular shape, a second auxiliary heat exchanger formed integrally with the first auxiliary heat exchanger and exchanging heat, a refrigerant outflow direction during cooling and during heating And a use-side refrigerant cycle in which a use-side heat exchanger is connected in a ring shape, the state change between a liquid state and a gas state in the use-side refrigerant cycle as a refrigerant of the use-side refrigerant cycle. That is, the cooling medium is used.

Action The present invention, due to the above configuration, the configuration of the heat source side refrigerant cycle does not change, even if the length or height difference between the heat source side heat exchanger or the compressor and the use side heat exchanger is large, the characteristics of the compressor are degraded. In addition, since the amount of refrigerant enclosed in the heat source side refrigerant cycle does not increase, damage to the compressor due to liquid compression or insufficient return of refrigerating machine oil can be prevented.

Embodiment Hereinafter, a cooling and heating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a refrigerant cycle of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. First
In the figure, 11 is a compressor, 12 is a four-way valve, 13 is a heat source side heat exchanger, 14 is a cooling decompression device, 15 is a heating decompression device, and 16 is a check valve that closes the heating cooling decompression device 14. A valve 17, 17 is a check valve for closing the pressure reducing device 15 for heating during cooling, and 18 is a first auxiliary heat exchanger that connects them in a ring shape to form a heat source side refrigerant cycle. 19 is the second auxiliary heat exchanger and the first auxiliary heat exchanger
18 are polymerized together to exchange heat. Reference numeral 20 denotes a refrigerant amount adjusting tank for adjusting the amount of refrigerant during cooling and during heating. Reference numeral 21 denotes a refrigerant transporting device having a reversible characteristic in which the refrigerant outflow directions are opposite during cooling and heating, and these are housed in the heat source side unit d. Reference numeral 22 denotes a use side heat exchanger, which is housed in the use side unit e and connected to the heat source side unit d by connection pipes f and f '. The second auxiliary heat exchanger 19, the refrigerant amount adjustment tank 20, the refrigerant transfer device 21, the use side heat exchanger 22
And the connection pipe f is connected in an annular shape to form a utilization side refrigerant cycle.

The operation of the cooling and heating device configured as described above will be described.

During the cooling operation, the refrigerant cycle is shown by the solid line in the figure, and in the heat source side refrigerant cycle, the high temperature high pressure gas from the compressor 11 passes through the four-way valve 12 and radiates heat in the heat source side heat exchanger 13 to be condensed and liquefied to the check valve 16. Then, the pressure is reduced by the expansion valve 14 for cooling, evaporated in the first auxiliary heat exchanger 18, passed through the four-way valve 12, and circulated to the compressor 11. At this time, the second auxiliary heat exchanger 19 and the first auxiliary heat exchanger 18 of the usage-side refrigerant cycle exchange heat, the gas refrigerant in the usage-side refrigerant cycle is cooled and liquefied, and passes through the refrigerant amount adjustment tank 20. Is sent to the refrigerant transfer device 21 and is sent by the refrigerant transfer device 21 to the utilization side heat exchanger 22 through the connection pipe f to be cooled and endothermic evaporated, gasified and passed through the connection pipe f ′ to the second side. It will be circulated to the auxiliary heat exchanger 19.

On the other hand, during the heating operation, the refrigerant cycle is indicated by the broken line in the figure, and in the heat source side refrigerant cycle, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 11 is sent from the four-way valve 12 to the first auxiliary heat exchanger 18 and radiates heat to condense. Liquefaction and decompressor for heating from check valve 17
The pressure is reduced at 15, and heat is absorbed and evaporated at the heat source side heat exchanger 13.
And circulates to compressor 11. At this time, the second auxiliary heat exchanger 19 and the first auxiliary heat exchanger 18 of the use side refrigerant cycle exchange heat, the liquid refrigerant in the use side refrigerant cycle is heated and gasified, and passes through the connection pipe f ′. It is sent to the usage-side heat exchanger 22, is heated and radiated to liquefy, is sent to the refrigerant transfer device 21 through the connection pipe f, and is circulated from the refrigerant amount adjustment tank 20 to the second auxiliary heat exchanger 19.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the heat source side refrigerant cycle and the use side refrigerant cycle are separated, and the heat source side refrigerant cycle is housed in the heat source side unit d and the piping path does not change, so that the same stable performance is always obtained. In addition, since the heat source side refrigerant cycle has a short piping path, pressure loss in the piping path is significantly reduced and high performance can be obtained. Also,
Since both auxiliary heat exchangers are formed integrally, there is no refrigerant compression and the amount of refrigerant stagnation in the compressor is small, so there is no liquid compression, and the refrigeration oil discharged from the compressor stays in the refrigerant cycle. Without returning to the compressor quickly, the reliability of the compressor is greatly improved. Furthermore, the amount of refrigerant enclosed is small,
Since it is constant, there is no need for an accumulator. On the other hand, in the usage-side refrigerant cycle, since the refrigerant is circulated by the refrigerant transport device, the refrigerant circulation amount is long even if the connection pipe connecting the heat source side unit d and the usage side unit e becomes long or the height difference becomes large. Does not decrease significantly, so the restrictions can be greatly relaxed. Further, since the performance of the heat source side unit is separated, it is not affected by this connection pipe and is always constant, so that the performance of the utilization side unit is also stable and high in performance. Further, since both of the auxiliary heat exchangers are integrally formed, the size is reduced, the amount of refrigerant held is reduced, and the responsiveness is improved.

Further, since the refrigerant that changes the state between the liquid state and the gas state in the use side refrigerant cycle is used as the refrigerant of the use side refrigerant cycle, the evaporation temperature and the condensation temperature are constant, and water is circulated in the use side refrigerant cycle. Compared with the case, the transport power can be significantly reduced.

Further, as the refrigerant of the usage-side refrigerant cycle, a refrigerant that changes its state between a liquid state and a gas state in the usage-side refrigerant cycle is used, and since the refrigerant transfer device changes the outflow direction of the refrigerant during cooling and during heating, 2 Use one of the two connecting pipes that connect the auxiliary heat exchanger and the use-side heat exchanger as a gas pipe, and let the gas refrigerant flow during both the cooling operation and the heating operation and use the second auxiliary heat exchanger. The other of the two connecting pipes communicating with the side heat exchanger is used as a liquid pipe, and a liquid refrigerant is caused to flow during both the cooling operation and the heating operation, and the connecting pipe serving as the liquid pipe serves as the gas pipe. It is possible to reduce the amount of refrigerant enclosed in the use side refrigerant cycle by using a pipe having a thinner inner diameter.

Further, since refrigerating machine oil is not required during the use side refrigerant cycle, an oil trap in the middle of the gas side connecting pipe is not required, and the connecting pipe construction is simplified.

Although the cooling decompression device 14 and the heating decompression device 17 of the heat source side refrigerant cycle are separately provided in the embodiment, a reversible decompression device such as an electric expansion valve may be used. Further, although the refrigerant transporting device 21 of the utilization side refrigerant cycle is reversible, two unidirectional refrigerant transporting devices may be used. In the embodiment, the refrigerant transfer device 21 is provided in the liquid side pipe, but it may be in the gas side pipe. Further, the refrigerant amount adjusting tank may be provided anywhere in the refrigerant cycle or in plural.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a heat source side refrigerant cycle in which a compressor, a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger, a pressure reducing device, and a first auxiliary heat exchanger are connected in an annular shape, and the first auxiliary heat A second auxiliary heat exchanger that is integrally formed with the exchanger to perform heat exchange, a refrigerant transport device that changes the outflow direction of the refrigerant during cooling and heating, and a utilization-side refrigerant cycle in which a utilization-side heat exchanger is connected in an annular shape And the use of a refrigerant that changes state between a liquid state and a gas state in the use side refrigerant cycle as the refrigerant of the use side refrigerant cycle, the following effects can be obtained.

a.In the heat source side refrigerant cycle, since the heat source side refrigerant cycle can be accommodated in the heat source side unit, even if the distance between the heat source side unit and the use side unit becomes long, the length of the piping route of the heat source side refrigerant cycle Does not change, so consistent stable performance is always obtained.

b.Since the piping path of the heat source side refrigerant cycle can be shortened, pressure loss in the piping path is greatly reduced and high performance can be obtained. Since the refrigerating machine oil does not stay in the refrigerant cycle and returns to the compressor quickly, the reliability of the compressor is significantly improved.

c. In the usage-side refrigerant cycle, since the refrigerant is circulated by the refrigerant transfer device, the refrigerant circulation amount is increased even if the distance between the second auxiliary heat exchanger and the usage-side heat exchanger is long or the height difference is large. Does not decrease significantly, so restrictions on installation conditions can be greatly eased.

d. Since the utilization side refrigerant cycle is separated from the heat source side refrigerant cycle, the utilization side unit can obtain stable and high performance.

e. Since a refrigerant that changes state between a liquid state and a gas state in the usage-side refrigerant cycle is used as the refrigerant in the usage-side refrigerant cycle, the evaporation temperature and the condensation temperature are constant, and water is circulated in the usage-side refrigerant cycle. Compared with the case, the transport power can be significantly reduced.

f. Since the refrigerant that changes the state between the liquid state and the gas state in the usage-side refrigerant cycle is used as the refrigerant of the usage-side refrigerant cycle, and the refrigerant carrier changes the outflow direction of the refrigerant during cooling and heating, 2 Use one of the two connecting pipes that connect the auxiliary heat exchanger and the use-side heat exchanger as a gas pipe, and let the gas refrigerant flow during both the cooling operation and the heating operation and use the second auxiliary heat exchanger. The other of the two connecting pipes communicating with the side heat exchanger is used as a liquid pipe, and a liquid refrigerant is caused to flow during both the cooling operation and the heating operation, and the connecting pipe serving as the liquid pipe serves as the gas pipe. It is possible to reduce the amount of refrigerant enclosed in the use side refrigerant cycle by using a pipe having a thinner inner diameter.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a refrigerant cycle diagram of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a refrigerant cycle diagram of a conventional air conditioner. 13 ... Heat source side heat exchanger, 18 ... First auxiliary heat exchanger, 19 ...
… Second auxiliary heat exchanger, 21 …… Refrigerant carrier, 22 …… Use side heat exchanger.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heat source side refrigerant cycle comprising a compressor, a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger, a pressure reducing device and a first auxiliary heat exchanger connected in an annular shape, and is integrally formed with the first auxiliary heat exchanger. A second auxiliary heat exchanger for exchanging heat, a refrigerant transfer device that changes the outflow direction of the refrigerant between cooling and heating, and a user-side refrigerant cycle in which a user-side heat exchanger is connected in an annular shape. A cooling / heating device that uses a refrigerant that changes state between a liquid state and a gas state in the utilization-side refrigerant cycle, as the refrigerant of the side refrigerant cycle.