JP2018159507A - GHP Chiller - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide GHP chiller that can maintain high heat exchange efficiency in both heating operation and cooling operation.SOLUTION: GHP chiller includes a circulation state switching mechanism 51 for maintaining an opposed flow state in which a refrigerant circulation direction is opposite to a first heat medium circulation direction by switching either one of the refrigerant circulation direction that is a circulation direction of refrigerant circulating through a first heat medium heat exchanger 33 and the first heat medium circulation direction that is a circulation direction of a first heat medium circulating through the first heat medium heat exchanger 33 with switching between heating operation and cooling operation by an operation switching mechanism 34.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention compresses a first heat medium circulation path that circulates a first heat medium that supplies hot or cold heat in a heat demand section, a refrigerant circulation path that circulates refrigerant, and a refrigerant that circulates through the refrigerant circulation path. An engine-driven compressor, an expansion valve that expands the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit, and a heater that heats the first heat medium with the heat of condensation of the refrigerant compressed by the engine-driven compressor or the expansion A first heat medium heat exchanger that functions as a cooler that cools the first heat medium by the evaporation heat of the refrigerant expanded by the valve, and a condenser or second heat that condenses the refrigerant using the second heat medium as a heat radiation source. A second heat medium heat exchanger that functions as an evaporator that evaporates refrigerant using a medium as a heat absorption source, and the first heat medium heat exchanger that functions as the heater and the second heat medium heat exchanger as the evaporator Heating operation to work, and the first heat medium heat exchanger About GHP chiller and a driving switching mechanism of the second heat medium heat exchanger switching between cooling operation to act as the condenser with work as a cooler.

  Conventionally, a GHP chiller used for an air conditioner, a refrigerator, or the like usually includes a first heat medium heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a refrigerant and a first heat medium such as water in a heat pump circuit as a refrigerant circuit. A heating operation in which the second heat medium heat exchanger functions as an evaporator and a cooling operation in which the first heat medium heat exchanger functions as a cooler and the second heat medium heat exchanger functions as a condenser. An operation switching mechanism for switching is provided (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2014-053332 A

In general, in a two-fluid heat exchanger, in order to increase the heat exchange efficiency between two fluids, a flow path between the two fluids is formed so that heat exchange between the two fluids is performed in a form in which the two fluids are opposed to each other. ing.
On the other hand, the normal GHP chiller disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a four-way valve that switches the flow direction of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation path as an operation switching mechanism. When switching between the heating operation and the cooling operation, the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger is reversed between the heating operation and the cooling operation. On the other hand, the flow direction of the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger via the first heat medium circuit is the same in the heating operation and the cooling operation.

  For this reason, in the conventional GHP chiller represented by Patent Document 1, in the first heat medium heat exchanger, in either one of the heating operation and the cooling operation, the refrigerant and the first heat medium are opposed to each other. However, there was room for improvement because efficiency decreased.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above-mentioned subject, The objective is to provide the GHP chiller which can maintain high heat exchange efficiency in both a heating operation and a cooling operation.

The GHP chiller to achieve the above objective is
A first heat medium circuit that circulates a first heat medium that supplies hot or cold heat in the heat demand section;
A refrigerant circulation path for circulating the refrigerant;
An engine-driven compressor that compresses the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit;
An expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit;
A heater that heats the first heat medium with the heat of condensation of the refrigerant compressed by the engine-driven compressor, or a cooler that cools the first heat medium with the heat of evaporation of the refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve A first heat medium heat exchanger that acts as
A second heat medium heat exchanger that acts as a condenser that condenses the refrigerant using the second heat medium as a heat dissipation source or an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant using the second heat medium as a heat absorption source;
A heating operation in which the first heat medium heat exchanger functions as the heater and the second heat medium heat exchanger as the evaporator; and the first heat medium heat exchanger as the cooler and the first A GHP chiller comprising an operation switching mechanism that switches between a cooling operation that causes a two heat medium heat exchanger to function as the condenser,
Along with switching between the heating operation and the cooling operation by the operation switching mechanism, a refrigerant flow direction that is a flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger, and the first heat medium heat The refrigerant flow direction and the first heat medium flow direction are opposed to each other by switching either one of the first heat medium flow direction that is the flow direction of the first heat medium flowing through the exchanger. It is the point which maintains a counterflow state.

According to the above characteristic configuration, in accordance with the switching between the heating operation and the cooling operation by the operation switching mechanism, the flow state switching mechanism is the refrigerant flow that is the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger. Since one of the flow direction and the first heat medium flow direction that is the flow direction of the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger is switched, in the first heat medium heat exchanger, In both the heating operation and the cooling operation, a counter flow state in which the refrigerant flow direction and the first heat medium flow direction face each other can be maintained, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved in either the heating operation or the cooling operation. Decreasing can be avoided.
Incidentally, when the first heat medium heat exchanger is operated as a heater, the refrigerant flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger becomes substantially constant at the condensation temperature, but the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is the first heat medium heat. It flows into the exchanger and changes in temperature until it is cooled and reaches the condensation temperature. Further, when it is subcooled several times near the outlet, the temperature changes and the liquefied refrigerant comes out of the heat exchanger. .
On the other hand, when the first heat medium heat exchanger is operated as a cooler, the refrigerant flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger becomes substantially constant at the evaporation temperature, but the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the expansion valve. After flowing into the heat exchanger as a low-temperature liquid refrigerant, gasified (evaporated) and then heated several times, the temperature changes, and the overheated gas refrigerant comes out of the heat exchanger. Become.
As described above, the refrigerant passing through the first heat medium heat exchanger changes in temperature regardless of whether it functions as a heater or as a cooler. By maintaining the counterflow state in which the direction and the first heat medium flow direction face each other, it is possible to avoid a decrease in heat exchange efficiency in either the heating operation or the cooling operation.

Further features of the GHP chiller
The first heat medium heat exchanger is connected in communication with the first heat medium circuit via a first heat medium first connection port and a first heat medium second connection port,
The heat demand section is connected in communication with the first heat medium circulation path through a first heat medium third connection port and a first heat medium fourth connection port.
The flow state switching mechanism communicates and connects the first heat medium third connection port to the first heat medium first connection port, and connects the first heat medium fourth connection port to the first heat medium second connection port. A first connection state communicating with the connection port;
The first heat medium third connection port is connected in communication with the first heat medium second connection port, and the first heat medium fourth connection port is connected in communication with the first heat medium first connection port. It is in the point comprised from the valve mechanism which switches a connection state.

  According to the above characteristic configuration, in the first heat medium heat exchanger, the first heat medium flow direction is appropriately switched by a simple structure of switching between the first connection state and the second connection state by the valve mechanism, The counter flow state between the refrigerant and the first heat medium can be maintained in both the heating operation and the cooling operation.

Further features of the GHP chiller
The refrigerant circulation path causes the refrigerant to flow through at least the engine-driven compressor, the second heat medium heat exchanger, and the operation switching mechanism in both the heating operation and the cooling operation. A refrigerant flow path, a second refrigerant flow path for flowing the refrigerant to the first heat medium heat exchanger and the expansion valve,
The flow state switching mechanism has a first refrigerant flow channel first flow channel end that is one flow channel end of the first refrigerant flow channel at one flow channel end of the second refrigerant flow channel. A third connection state in which the second refrigerant flow path is connected to the first flow path end;
The second refrigerant flow path that is the other flow path end of the second refrigerant flow path is the second refrigerant flow path that is the other flow path end of the first refrigerant flow path. It is in the point comprised from the valve mechanism which switches the 4th connection state connected in communication with the 2 flow-path end.

  According to the above characteristic configuration, in the first heat medium heat exchanger, the refrigerant flow direction is appropriately switched in the heating operation by the simple configuration of switching between the third connection state and the fourth connection state by the valve mechanism. In any cooling operation, the counter flow state between the refrigerant and the first heat medium can be maintained.

Further features of the GHP chiller
The valve mechanism is composed of a first four-way valve.

  With this configuration, the valve mechanism can be realized with a relatively simple four-way valve, and the configuration can be simplified.

Further features of the GHP chiller
The operation switching mechanism supplies the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation path in the order described in the engine-driven compressor, the first heat medium heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the second heat medium heat exchanger. The refrigerant is passed in the order described in the heating operation to flow, the engine-driven compressor, the second heat medium heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the first heat medium heat exchanger. It is in the point comprised from the 2nd four-way valve which switches cooling operation.

  With this configuration, the operation switching mechanism can be realized with a relatively simple four-way valve, and the configuration can be simplified.

Schematic configuration diagram when heating operation is executed by the GHP chiller according to the first embodiment Schematic configuration diagram when cooling operation is executed by the GHP chiller according to the first embodiment Schematic configuration diagram of a GHP chiller according to a second embodiment Schematic configuration diagram of a GHP chiller according to another embodiment

The GHP chiller 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention relates to a GHP chiller that can maintain high heat exchange efficiency in both the heating operation and the cooling operation.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the GHP chiller 100 will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the GHP chiller 100 according to the first embodiment includes a first heat medium circulation path C <b> 2 that circulates a first heat medium that supplies hot or cold heat in the heat demand section 50, and the first A pressure pump P that pumps the first heat medium in the one heat medium circulation path C2, a refrigerant circulation path C1 that circulates the refrigerant, an engine-driven compressor 35 that compresses the refrigerant that circulates in the refrigerant circulation path C1, An expansion valve 32 that expands the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit C1, a heater that heats the first heat medium such as water by the condensation heat of the refrigerant compressed by the engine-driven compressor 35, or the expansion valve 32 A first heat medium heat exchanger 33 that functions as a cooler that cools the first heat medium with the heat of evaporation of the refrigerant expanded in Step 1, and a condenser that condenses the refrigerant using a second heat medium such as air as a heat radiation source, or Works as an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant using the second heat medium as the heat sink And a second heat medium heat exchanger 36.
The engine-driven compressor 35 is driven by the engine E using, for example, city gas 13A as fuel.

Further, the GHP chiller 100 includes a heating operation in which the first heat medium heat exchanger 33 serves as a heater and the second heat medium heat exchanger 36 serves as an evaporator, and the first heat medium heat exchanger 33 serves as a cooler. An operation switching mechanism is provided that switches between a cooling operation that causes the second heat medium heat exchanger 36 to function as a condenser.
When the explanation is added, the operation switching mechanism is arranged in the order described in the engine-driven compressor 35, the first heat medium heat exchanger 33, the expansion valve 32, and the second heat medium heat exchanger 36 in the refrigerant circuit C1. The heating operation in which the refrigerant flows (state shown in FIG. 1), the engine-driven compressor 35, the second heat medium heat exchanger 36, the expansion valve 32, and the first heat medium heat exchanger 33, in that order. It comprises a second four-way valve 34 that switches between a cooling operation (the state shown in FIG. 2) for allowing the refrigerant to flow.

Now, in the GHP chiller 100 configured as described above, the first heat medium heat exchanger 33 is configured as a two-fluid heat exchanger that exchanges a refrigerant and a first heat medium such as water. The two-fluid heat exchanger is preferably configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the first heat medium in a counterflow from the viewpoint of improving heat exchange efficiency.
Therefore, in the GHP chiller 100, the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger 33 in accordance with the switching between the heating operation and the cooling operation by the second four-way valve 34 as the operation switching mechanism. In which the refrigerant flow direction is opposite to the first heat medium flow direction that is the flow direction of the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger 33. A switching mechanism is provided.

  If the explanation is added, in the GHP chiller 100 according to the first embodiment, the flow state switching mechanism switches the flow state of the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circulation path C2. Maintain the counterflow state.

Specifically, the first heat medium heat exchanger 33 is connected to the first heat medium circulation path C2 through the first heat medium first connection port 33a and the first heat medium second connection port 33b. In addition, the heat demand section 50 is provided in such a form that it is connected in communication with the first heat medium circuit C2 through the first heat medium third connection port 50a and the first heat medium fourth connection port 50b.
Further, the first heat medium third connection port 50a is connected in communication with the first heat medium first connection port 33a, and the first heat medium fourth connection port 50b is connected in communication with the first heat medium second connection port 33b. The first connection state (connection state shown in FIG. 1), the first heat medium third connection port 50a is connected to the first heat medium second connection port 33b, and the first heat medium fourth connection port 50b is connected to the first heat medium fourth connection port 50b. 1st four-way valve 51 (an example of a valve mechanism) which switches to the 2nd connection state (connection state shown in Drawing 2) connected in communication with 1 heat carrier 1st connection port 33a It is provided in the circulation path C2.

  The control device (not shown) performs the first communication with the first four-way valve 51 as the flow state switching mechanism in accordance with the switching of the second four-way valve 34 as the operation switching mechanism for switching between the heating operation and the cooling operation. The refrigerant flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger 33 and the first heat medium are brought into a counter flow state in both the heating operation and the cooling operation in the form of switching control between the flow state and the second flow state. maintain.

[Second Embodiment]
In the GHP chiller 100 according to the first embodiment, the flow state switching mechanism switches the flow state of the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circulation path C2, and the first heat medium The structural example which maintains the counterflow state of the refrigerant | coolant and 1st heat medium in the heat exchanger 33 was shown. On the other hand, in the GHP chiller 100 according to the second embodiment, the flow state switching mechanism switches the flow state of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circulation path C1, and the first heat medium heat exchange is performed. The counter flow state between the refrigerant and the first heat medium in the vessel 33 is maintained.
Since the GHP chiller 100 according to the second embodiment has the same configuration as the first embodiment except for the above-described points, the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof is omitted. Omit.

In the GHP chiller 100 according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the refrigerant circulation path C1 uses at least the engine-driven compressor 35 and the second heat medium heat in both the heating operation and the cooling operation. A first refrigerant passage C1a that allows the refrigerant to flow through the exchanger 36 and the second four-way valve 34, and a second refrigerant passage that allows the refrigerant to flow through the first heat medium heat exchanger 33 and the expansion valve 32. C1b.
The first refrigerant passage C1a includes a flow path portion between the second four-way valve 34 and a first four-way valve 37 described later, a second heat medium heat exchanger 36, and a first four-way valve 37 described later. And a flow path portion between them.
The second refrigerant passage C1b is provided between the first heat medium heat exchanger 33 and a first four-way valve 37 described later, and between the expansion valve 32 and a first four-way valve 37 described later. The flow path part is included.

  Further, the first refrigerant flow path C1a, which is one flow path end of the first refrigerant flow path C1a, is used as the second refrigerant flow path, which is the first flow path end of the second refrigerant flow path C1b. A third connection state (connection state shown in FIG. 3) communicating with the first flow path end C1b1, and a first refrigerant flow path second flow path that is the other flow path end of the first refrigerant flow path C1a. The fourth switching state (connection state shown in FIG. 4) for connecting and connecting the end C1a2 to the second coolant passage second passage end C1b2 which is the other passage end of the second coolant passage C1b is switched. A one-way valve 37 (an example of a valve mechanism) is provided in the refrigerant circuit C1 as a flow state switching mechanism.

[Another embodiment]
(1) In the said 2nd Embodiment, the structural example provided with the 1st four-way valve 37 as a valve mechanism was shown. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the valve mechanism is not limited to a four-way valve, and may be composed of a pair of three-way valves 37 a and 37 b.
Although illustration is omitted, the first four-way valve 51 that is the valve mechanism according to the first embodiment may also be constituted by a pair of three-way valves.

  The configuration disclosed in the above embodiment (including another embodiment, the same shall apply hereinafter) can be applied in combination with the configuration disclosed in the other embodiment, as long as no contradiction occurs. The embodiment disclosed in this specification is an exemplification, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. The embodiment can be appropriately modified without departing from the object of the present invention.

  The GHP chiller of the present invention can be effectively used as a GHP chiller that can maintain high heat exchange efficiency in both the heating operation and the cooling operation.

32: expansion valve 33: first heat medium heat exchanger 33a: first heat medium first connection port 33b: first heat medium second connection port 34: second four-way valve 35: engine-driven compressor 36: second Heat medium heat exchanger 37: first four-way valve 50: heat demand section 50a: first heat medium third connection port 50b: first heat medium fourth connection port 51: first four-way valve 100: GHP chiller C1: refrigerant circulation Path C1a: First refrigerant flow path C1a1: First refrigerant flow path First flow path end C1a2: First refrigerant flow path Second flow path end C1b: Second refrigerant flow path C1b1: Second refrigerant flow Path first flow path end C1b2: second refrigerant flow path second flow path end C2: first heat medium circulation path

Claims (5)

A first heat medium circuit that circulates a first heat medium that supplies hot or cold heat in the heat demand section;
A refrigerant circulation path for circulating the refrigerant;
An engine-driven compressor that compresses the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit;
An expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit;
A heater that heats the first heat medium with the heat of condensation of the refrigerant compressed by the engine-driven compressor, or a cooler that cools the first heat medium with the heat of evaporation of the refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve A first heat medium heat exchanger that acts as
A second heat medium heat exchanger that acts as a condenser that condenses the refrigerant using the second heat medium as a heat dissipation source or an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant using the second heat medium as a heat absorption source;
A heating operation in which the first heat medium heat exchanger functions as the heater and the second heat medium heat exchanger as the evaporator; and the first heat medium heat exchanger as the cooler and the first A GHP chiller comprising an operation switching mechanism that switches between a cooling operation that causes a two heat medium heat exchanger to act as the condenser,
Along with switching between the heating operation and the cooling operation by the operation switching mechanism, a refrigerant flow direction that is a flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the first heat medium heat exchanger, and the first heat medium heat The refrigerant flow direction and the first heat medium flow direction are opposed to each other by switching either one of the first heat medium flow direction that is the flow direction of the first heat medium flowing through the exchanger. A GHP chiller including a flow state switching mechanism that maintains a counterflow state. The first heat medium heat exchanger is connected in communication with the first heat medium circuit via a first heat medium first connection port and a first heat medium second connection port,
The heat demand section is connected in communication with the first heat medium circulation path through a first heat medium third connection port and a first heat medium fourth connection port.
The flow state switching mechanism communicates and connects the first heat medium third connection port to the first heat medium first connection port, and connects the first heat medium fourth connection port to the first heat medium second connection port. A first connection state communicating with the connection port;
The first heat medium third connection port is connected in communication with the first heat medium second connection port, and the first heat medium fourth connection port is connected in communication with the first heat medium first connection port. The GHP chiller according to claim 1, wherein the GHP chiller is configured by a valve mechanism that switches between connection states. The refrigerant circulation path causes the refrigerant to flow through at least the engine-driven compressor, the second heat medium heat exchanger, and the operation switching mechanism in both the heating operation and the cooling operation. A refrigerant flow path, a second refrigerant flow path for flowing the refrigerant to the first heat medium heat exchanger and the expansion valve,
The flow state switching mechanism has a first refrigerant flow channel first flow channel end that is one flow channel end of the first refrigerant flow channel at one flow channel end of the second refrigerant flow channel. A third connection state in which the second refrigerant flow path is connected to the first flow path end;
The second refrigerant flow path that is the other flow path end of the second refrigerant flow path is the second refrigerant flow path that is the other flow path end of the first refrigerant flow path. The GHP chiller according to claim 1, wherein the GHP chiller is configured by a valve mechanism that switches between a fourth connection state that communicates with two flow path ends.   The GHP chiller according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the valve mechanism includes a first four-way valve.   The operation switching mechanism supplies the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation path in the order described in the engine-driven compressor, the first heat medium heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the second heat medium heat exchanger. The refrigerant is passed in the order described in the heating operation to flow, the engine-driven compressor, the second heat medium heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the first heat medium heat exchanger. The GHP chiller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a second four-way valve that switches between cooling operation.

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