JP2023518143A - 化学反応中に酸化還元電位を動的に測定するためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
化学反応中に酸化還元電位を動的に測定するためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
(a)上記で記述するシステムを提供する段階と、
(b)電圧源または共通接地電位を通して定電位に基準電極を接続する段階と、
(c)液体溶液内の電子酸化還元電位変化を決定する段階であって、
(i)外部回路を使用して指示電極で電子電位変化を経時的に決定するステップ、
(ii)ステップ(i)で測定した変化に基づき、電解質内の酸化還元電位の時間的変化曲線を得るステップ
を備える段階と、
(d)酸化還元電位の時間的変化に基づき化学過程を研究および探求する目的でデータを得る段階と
を備える方法を生み出すことにより解決される。
本明細書で使用する用語のいくつかについて以下で定義する。特に指定しない限り、本出願での術語および科学用語は、科学および技術の文献で一般に受け入れられる標準的意味を有する。
発明についての詳細な記述
ΔVG=ΔU (9)
μe=-neVredox(vac.scale)
V(vac.scale)=V(NHE)-4,6B (17)
(式中、V(vac.scale)は、真空中の絶対電子エネルギーに対する電位であり、V(NHE)は、水素電極に対する電位である)考慮中の構造は、ゲート内の物理化学的現象の間に酸化還元電位変化を検出するセンサとして使用できる。
ΔG=-nΔVredoxF (27)
したがって、反応の酸化還元プロファイルは、系のギブズエネルギーの変化を、すなわち反応のエネルギープロファイルの変化を反映する。
Claims (13)
- 中で進展している化学反応を研究するための、限られた体積を伴う電解質内の酸化還元電位を動的に測定するためのシステムであって、前記電解質の中に浸漬され外部回路に接続された少なくとも1つの基準電極および少なくとも1つの指示電極を含み、
前記基準電極は、前記電解質と電子を自由に交換するように構成され、前記指示電極のインピーダンスと比較して低いインピーダンスを有し、前記基準電極は、定電圧源または共通接地電位に接続され、オフセット電圧が外部回路から前記基準電極に印加され、
前記指示電極は、前記基準電極インピーダンスと比較して高いインピーダンスを有し、それにより、前記電解質の溶液との電子交換を防止し、前記指示電極は、その電位を測定するために外部回路に接続され、
前記基準電極インピーダンスに対する測定電極インピーダンスの比は、少なくとも5であり、
前記基準電極と前記指示電極の間の距離は、1cmを超えず、前記電解質の体積は、10cm3を超えず、
前記電解質体積を制限する容器は、前記指示電極インピーダンスと比較して高い電解質/ゼロ接地電位インピーダンスを提供し、比は、5以上であるシステム。 - 前記基準電極インピーダンスの値は、5Ω~500kΩの間であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記指示インピーダンスの値は、5kΩ以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記電解質/ゼロ接地電位は、50kΩ以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記指示電極としてイオン感応性電界効果トランジスタを使用し、ゲート誘電体により半導体から隔離された液体ゲートとして液体電解質溶液を使用し、前記基準電極として大面積の金属製電極を使用し、前記金属電極の面積は、前記イオン感応性電界効果トランジスタのゲート面積を、100倍を超えるほど上回ることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記電解質溶液に接触している前記イオン感応性電界効果トランジスタの前記ゲート誘電体の材料として誘電体を使用し、前記誘電体は、以下の誘電体材料:Ta2O5、Si3N4、ZrO、HfO2、SiO2、Al2O3、またはこれらの組み合わせから選択されることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記イオン感応性電界効果トランジスタの前記誘電体は、以下の貴金属:Ag、Au、Pd、Pt、Ru、Rh、Ir、Os、またはこれらに基づく組成または合金の中の1つの層でさらにコートできることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記イオン感応性電界効果トランジスタは、測定中にサブスレッショルドモードまたは逆モードに留まることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記電解質溶液内の電子酸化還元電位の時間的変化に基づき化学過程を研究および調査する目的でデータを得る手段をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 前記化学過程を研究および調査する目的で前記データを得る前記手段は、化学反応中のエネルギー変化曲線をプロットするように構成されることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記化学過程を研究および調査する目的で前記データを得る前記手段は、前記化学反応中の前記エネルギー変化曲線に基づき前記化学反応中の遷移状態を可視化および研究するように構成されることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記化学過程を研究および調査する目的で前記データを得る前記手段は、前記化学反応中のエネルギー変化の依存性から熱力学定数および運動定数、ならびに前記化学反応の値を得るように構成されることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 化学反応中に液体電解質溶液内の化学過程を研究および調査するための方法であって、
(a)請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のシステムを提供するステップと、
(b)電圧源または共通接地電位を通して定電位に基準電極を接続するステップと、
(c)液体溶液内の電子酸化還元電位変化を決定するステップであって、
(i)外部回路を使用して指示電極で電子電位変化を経時的に決定するステップ、
(ii)前記ステップ(i)で測定した前記変化に基づき、前記電解質内の酸化還元電位の時間的変化曲線を得るステップ
を備えるステップと、
(d)前記酸化還元電位の時間的変化に基づき前記化学過程を研究および調査する目的でデータを得るステップと
を備える方法。
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