JP2023508760A - リチウムイオンバッテリ - Google Patents
リチウムイオンバッテリ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2023508760A JP2023508760A JP2022555905A JP2022555905A JP2023508760A JP 2023508760 A JP2023508760 A JP 2023508760A JP 2022555905 A JP2022555905 A JP 2022555905A JP 2022555905 A JP2022555905 A JP 2022555905A JP 2023508760 A JP2023508760 A JP 2023508760A
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- Prior art keywords
- ion battery
- lithium
- silicon
- lithium ion
- anode
- Prior art date
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 89
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical group N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Pyrrolidinium ion Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]C1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 29
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 nickel metal hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910005580 NiCd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010671 solid-state reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- NJQFCQXFOHVYQJ-PMACEKPBSA-N BF 4 Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2CC(=O)C=3C(O)=C(C)C4=C(C=3O2)[C@H](C(C)C)C2=C(O4)C(C)=C(C(C2=O)(C)C)OC)=CC=CC=C1 NJQFCQXFOHVYQJ-PMACEKPBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-O Piperidinium(1+) Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]CC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical class [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本出願は、2020年3月23日に出願された、米国特許出願第16/827,365号の優先権の利益を主張するものであり、同出願は、全体として参照により本明細書に援用される。
本発明の実施形態では、リチウムイオンバッテリは、アノード、カソード、及び電解質を含む。リチウムイオンバッテリは、従来のリチウムイオンバッテリと比較してかなり改良されたエネルギー密度を有することができる。図1を参照して、リチウムイオンバッテリ100の略図が示される。
本発明の実施形態では、30~85重量%のシリコン系材料を有するアノード101を含むことができる、前述のリチウムイオンバッテリ100の製造方法が提供される。本発明の実施形態に従って、リチウムイオンバッテリ100を製造するための方法200(図6に示される)は、ブロック201に示されるように、リチウムイオンバッテリ100のアノード101のシリコン系材料を製造する工程を含むことができる。
Claims (31)
- 30重量%超のシリコンを含むアノードと、
リチウム金属酸化物を含むカソードと、
前記アノードと前記カソードとの間に配置された電解質とを含むリチウムイオンバッテリ(LiB)であって、
少なくとも800Wh/Lのエネルギー密度を有するように構成される、リチウムイオンバッテリ。 - 前記リチウムイオンバッテリが1.2超のN:P比を有し、前記N:P比が前記アノード対前記カソードの面積容量比を表わす、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 1.2~4.0の範囲のN:P比を有する、請求項2に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記アノードが31~85重量%のシリコンを含む、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記アノードがシリコンナノワイヤー、炭素に封入されたシリコン、シリコン-グラフェンブレンド、前記アノード上のシリコンの膨張を軽減するように構成されたシリコンと弾性ポリマーとの混合物、又はそれらの任意の組合せを含む、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記シリコンナノワイヤーが、100~1000nmの範囲の平均直径を有する、請求項5に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記シリコンナノワイヤーがスズ、ゲルマニウム、鉄、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、又はそれらの任意の組合せなどのドーパントを更に含む、請求項5に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 炭素に封入された前記シリコンが、0.1~4の範囲のシリコン対炭素重量比を有する、請求項5に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 炭素に封入された前記シリコンが0.5~10μmの平均直径を有する、請求項5に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記弾性ポリマーがポリアクリル酸、カルボキシメチルセルロース、又はそれらの任意の組合せを含む、請求項5に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記シリコン-グラフェンブレンドが、0.5~4の範囲のシリコン対グラフェン重量比を有する、請求項5に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記アノードが、前記シリコン上にコートされるか又は前記シリコンと混合される炭素系材料を更に含む、請求項5に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記炭素系材料が黒鉛、グラフェン、又は他の炭素系材料を含む、請求項12に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記炭素系材料と混合された前記シリコンが、10~30μmの範囲の厚さを有する、請求項12に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記アノードの前記シリコンが、スズ、アンチモン、ゲルマニウム、又はそれらの任意の組合せを含む二次材料と混合される、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記二次材料が、100:1~1:100のシリコン対二次材料の重量比でシリコンと混合される、請求項15に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記アノードが、3400~4200mAh/gの間の容量/単位体積を有するように構成される、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記リチウム金属酸化物がニッケルを含む、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記リチウム金属酸化物がLiaNixAyBzO2(式中、a≧1、x≧0.5、y+z=1-x)の式を有する、請求項18に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- Aが、Mn、Co、Ni、Al、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択され、Bが、Co、Mn、Ni、Al、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項19に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- x:y:zの比が、6:2:2、8:1:1、及び9:0.5:0.5からなる群から選択される、請求項19に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記カソードの前記リチウム金属酸化物が、コア-シェル勾配構造物の外側シェルからコアへとNiの濃度が増加する前記コア-シェル勾配構造物中に存在する、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記電解質が難燃性である、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記難燃性電解質がイオン性液体を含む、請求項23に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記イオン性液体がカチオン及びアニオンを含み、前記カチオンがイミダゾリウム、ピリジニウム、ピロリジニウム、又はそれらの任意の組合せを含み、前記アニオンが臭化物、塩化物、ヨウ化物、リン酸塩、BF4-、PF6-、TFSI-、FSI-、又はそれらの任意の組合せを含む、請求項24に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 250Wh/kg超のエネルギー密度を有する、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 250~450Wh/kgの範囲のエネルギー密度を有する、請求項26に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 円筒形態、角柱形態、又はパウチ形態である、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 21700円筒形セル形態において6Ahの容量を有するように構成される、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 前記6Ahの21700セル形態の前記リチウムイオンバッテリが、連続で約30Aの放電率能力及び2秒間100Aのパルス電力能力を有するように構成される、請求項29に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
- 電動工具に電力を供給するように構成される、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオンバッテリ。
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PCT/IB2021/051096 WO2021191695A1 (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2021-02-10 | Lithium-ion batteries |
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