JP2023133150A - 太陽電池の製造方法及び太陽電池モジュール、並びに発電システム - Google Patents
太陽電池の製造方法及び太陽電池モジュール、並びに発電システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2023133150A JP2023133150A JP2023018959A JP2023018959A JP2023133150A JP 2023133150 A JP2023133150 A JP 2023133150A JP 2023018959 A JP2023018959 A JP 2023018959A JP 2023018959 A JP2023018959 A JP 2023018959A JP 2023133150 A JP2023133150 A JP 2023133150A
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- solar cell
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- manufacturing
- seed layer
- electroplating
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Classifications
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- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/20—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof such devices or parts thereof comprising amorphous semiconductor materials
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- H01L31/022441—Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/288—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
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Abstract
Description
1)故障タイプ1では、横断力である。図6におけるN1は外力を表し、N2は接着力を表し、電極幅が大きいほど、N2とN1とのアームの差が小さく、このタイプの故障リスクを低減することができる。
2)故障タイプ2では、垂直引張力である。電極幅が大きいほど、接着面積が大きく、さらに接着力が大きく、このタイプの故障リスクを低減することができ、
3)故障タイプ3では、モジュール封入材料の分解生成物及び水蒸気による電極へのエッチングである。Ni、Mo、Ti等はCuに比べてより活発であり、特に酸性分解物は長期老化中でシード層を徐々にエッチングし、電極幅が狭くなり過ぎ、製品の長期老化性能に影響する。
Claims (38)
- 電極を設置すべき太陽電池の第1領域及び/又は第2領域に膜層開孔を行うステップS1と、
前記太陽電池にシード層を成長させるステップS2であって、前記シード層は、ステップS1の開孔領域を介して前記第1領域及び/又は前記第2領域と導電性接触を形成するステップS2と、
電気めっきすべき前記太陽電池を水平に搬送し、カソード電気めっきブラシを水平に搬送された前記太陽電池上の前記シード層に接触させ、前記シード層に電気めっき系のカソードを形成させ、アノード部材を電気めっき槽の電気めっき液中に設置し、前記電気めっき槽内に設置された移動機構で前記太陽電池移動機構の入口から出口方向へ前記太陽電池を移動させて、前記太陽電池の電気めっきを通電及び水平搬送中に実現するステップS3と、を含むことを特徴とする、太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記第1領域及び/又は前記第2領域がトンネル酸化層及びポリシリコン層で覆われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 物理気相成長法によって前記太陽電池に前記シード層を成長させることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- ステップS2において、前記シード層を成長させる前に、先にして気相成長法によって透明導電性酸化物薄膜を成長させることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記太陽電池上の前記第1領域と前記第2領域とが同時にシリコンウェハの裏面にある場合に、
電気めっきされたサンプル上の電気めっき電極領域にマスクを製造した後、前記サンプルをエッチングし、その後、前記第1領域上と前記第2領域上との前記電気めっき電極の絶縁分離を形成するステップA1をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1、2、3、4のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記太陽電池上の前記第1領域と前記第2領域とが同時にシリコンウェハの裏面にある場合に、前記ステップS2と前記ステップS3との間は、前記第1領域上と前記第2領域上との電気めっき層の物理的分離を実現するために、前記シード層にマスクを形成するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1、2、3、4のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- ステップS3の後に、前記シード層上のマスク層を洗浄し、その後、湿式化学エッチングを行って前記シード層を除去し、前記第1領域と前記第2領域との前記電気めっき電極の絶縁分離を形成するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記透明導電性酸化物薄膜は、前記シード層が湿式化学エッチングによって除去されると同時に除去されることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記太陽電池上の前記第1領域と前記第2領域とが同時にシリコンウェハの裏面にある場合に、ステップS2の後に、
前記第1領域上と前記第2領域上との前記シード層の絶縁分離を実現するために、前記シード層にマスクを形成した後に湿式化学エッチングを行うステップB1と、
前記シード層上のマスクを除去するステップB2と、をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1、2、3、4のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記太陽電池上の前記第1領域と前記第2領域とが同時にシリコンウェハの裏面にある場合に、ステップS2において、前記第1領域上と前記第2領域上とのシード層の絶縁分離を実現するために、マスクブランクを用いてパターン化された電気めっきシード層を前記太陽電池に形成することを特徴とする、請求項1、2、3、4のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 電極を設置すべき前記太陽電池は、
シリコンウェハの表面に対してテクスチャ化処理を行うステップL1と、
前記シリコンウェハの裏面にトンネル酸化層を堆積させ、その後、前記トンネル酸化層に第1極性を有する第1ドープトポリシリコンを堆積させるステップL2と、
前記第1ドープトポリシリコンに第1マスクを堆積させるステップL3と、
シリコンウェハの裏面の第1領域に予め設置された前記第1マスクを残し、シリコンウェハの裏面の第2領域に予め設置された前記第1マスクを除去するステップL4と、
前記第2領域に堆積した前記第1ドープトポリシリコン及び前記トンネル酸化層を除去した後、前記第2領域に第2マスクを再び製造するステップL5と、
前記第2領域に前記トンネル酸化層を堆積させ、その後、前記第2領域の前記トンネル酸化層に第2極性を有する第2ドープトポリシリコンを堆積させるステップL6と、
前記第2領域に堆積した前記第2ドープトポリシリコンに第3マスクを製造するステップL7と、
前記第2領域上の非GAP領域の前記第3マスクを残し、前記第2領域上のGAP領域外の前記第3マスクを除去するステップL8と、
前記第1領域に堆積した前記第2マスク、前記第2マスクの上方の材料層、シリコンウェハの裏面の前記GAP領域に堆積した前記トンネル酸化層及び前記第2ドープトポリシリコンを湿式化学方法によって除去するステップL9と、
前記シリコンウェハの両面に対してめっき膜を施し、電極を設置すべき前記太陽電池を得るステップL10と、によって製造されることを特徴とする、請求項1、2、3、4のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記シード層は、波長範囲が850~1200nmの間で平均屈折率が2より小さいいずれか1つ又は複数の金属を含む主成分と、Mo、Ni、Ti、W、Cr、Si、Mn、Pd、Bi、Nb、Ta、Pa、Vのうちのいずれか1つ又は複数を含む補強成分とを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記主成分は、Al、Ag、Cu、Mgのうちのいずれか1つ又は複数を含むことを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記補強成分は非金属成分をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項12又は13に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記主成分は含有量>50%であることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記主成分はAlで、含有量≧70%であり、前記補強成分はNiで、含有量≦30%であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記主成分はAlで、含有量≧70%であり、前記補強成分はWで、含有量≦30%であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記主成分はAlで、含有量≧70%であり、前記補強成分はTiで、含有量≦30%であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記主成分はAlで、含有量≧70%であり、前記補強成分はMoで、含有量≦30%であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記主成分はAlで、含有量≧70%であり、前記補強成分はCrで、含有量≦30%であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記主成分はAlで、含有量≧70%であり、前記補強成分はSiで、含有量≦30%であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記シード層は物理気相成長法、スクリーン印刷法、化学気相成長、電気めっき、化学めっき、イオンめっきのうちのいずれか1つの製造方法で前記基板上に形成されることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記物理気相成長法はスパッタリング及び蒸着を含むことを特徴とする、請求項20に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記シード層の上方がさらに導電層で覆われることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記導電層は、Cu、Ag、Alのうちのいずれか1つ又は複数を含むことを特徴とする、請求項24に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記シード層と電極が設置される半導体領域との間にパシベーション膜が形成され、前記パシベーション膜に開口が設置され、前記シード層は前記開口を介して前記半導体領域に接触することを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記シード層と前記パシベーション膜との間に透明導電性酸化物薄膜がさらに設置され、前記透明導電性酸化物薄膜は、前記パシベーション膜に設置された前記開口を介して前記半導体領域に接触することを特徴とする、請求項26に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記透明導電性酸化物薄膜は、錫ドープ酸化インジウム又は酸化亜鉛系薄膜であることを特徴とする、請求項27に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記半導体領域は、トンネル酸化層及びドープトポリシリコンを含むことを特徴とする、請求項26に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記導電層を前記シード層に成長させる方法は、電気めっき、物理気相成長、スクリーン印刷、化学めっきのうちのいずれか1つを含むことを特徴とする、請求項24に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記導電層の上部が保護層で覆われることを特徴とする、請求項24に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記保護層はSn又はAg層であることを特徴とする、請求項31に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記保護層は電気めっき又は化学めっきの方法によって前記導電層に成長することを特徴とする、請求項31又は32に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記シード層は複数のサブシード層を積層して構成されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記基板から離れる方向に積層された前記サブシード層中の前記主成分の含有量は徐々に低下することを特徴とする、請求項34に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 請求項1から35のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法を用いて製造されることを特徴とする、太陽電池。
- 請求項1から35のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法で製造された複数の太陽電池を電気的に接続して構成されることを特徴とする、太陽電池モジュール。
- 電気的に接続された複数の請求項37に記載の太陽電池モジュールを含むことを特徴とする、太陽光発電システム。
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