JP2023111979A - Wasp trapping agent - Google Patents
Wasp trapping agent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2023111979A JP2023111979A JP2023094160A JP2023094160A JP2023111979A JP 2023111979 A JP2023111979 A JP 2023111979A JP 2023094160 A JP2023094160 A JP 2023094160A JP 2023094160 A JP2023094160 A JP 2023094160A JP 2023111979 A JP2023111979 A JP 2023111979A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bee
- bees
- surfactant
- trapping agent
- test
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、ハチ捕獲剤、この捕獲剤を含有するハチ捕獲器およびこのハチ捕獲器を使用するハチ捕獲方法に関する。詳しくは、特定の浸透力を有する界面活性剤を有効成分とすることを特徴とする発明に関する。 The present invention relates to a bee trapping agent, a bee trap containing the trapping agent and a method of trapping bees using the bee trap. More specifically, it relates to an invention characterized by using a surfactant having a specific penetrating power as an active ingredient.
従来から、害虫捕獲器として様々なものが知られており、例えば、ゴキブリや、ハエなどの小型飛翔害虫等を対象とした害虫誘引捕獲器は、一般家庭、飲食店、工場等において汎用されている。
また、ハチ捕獲器としては、各種形状のものが提案されている。具体的には、特許文献1には、カップ状の容器内部にハチを誘引するための誘引捕獲組成物を収納し、容器上部にハチの侵入口を有する蓋を取り付けた捕獲器が記載されている。特許文献2、3には、捕獲器の可視光透過率や色を調整することにより、ハチの捕獲効率を向上させる技術が紹介されている。特許文献4には、一旦捕獲されたハチが捕獲器から脱出することを抑制するために、ハチ侵入口を捕獲器上部中心部に配置されたものが記載されている。さらに、特許文献5には、特定の糖分濃度のハチ誘引成分を使用することにより、腐敗による発酵臭を発生させて、捕獲効率を向上させることが記載されている。
Conventionally, various types of pest traps have been known. For example, pest attracting and trapping devices for small flying pests such as cockroaches and flies are widely used in general households, restaurants, factories, etc. there is
Also, bee traps of various shapes have been proposed. Specifically, Patent Document 1 describes a catcher in which an attracting and capturing composition for attracting bees is housed inside a cup-shaped container, and a lid having a bee entrance is attached to the top of the container. there is Patent Documents 2 and 3 introduce techniques for improving the capture efficiency of bees by adjusting the visible light transmittance and color of traps. Patent Literature 4 describes a trap having a bee entrance located at the center of the upper part of the trap in order to prevent trapped bees from escaping from the trap. Furthermore, Patent Document 5 describes that by using a bee-attracting component with a specific sugar concentration, a fermented odor due to putrefaction is generated to improve trapping efficiency.
しかしながら、これらのハチ捕獲器内に液状の誘引捕獲剤が使用されている場合には、ハチが液状の誘引捕獲剤中に落ちても致死するまでに時間がかかり、その間にハチは液状の誘引捕獲剤の中を泳いで容器内から脱出してしまい、捕獲効率が低下するという問題があった。また、ハチが致死しても、液状の誘引捕獲剤の液面にハチの死骸が浮いてしまい、これが別のハチの足場となって脱出を促してしまうという問題もあった。 However, when a liquid attractant is used in these bee traps, even if a bee falls into the liquid attractant, it will take some time before the bees die, during which time the bees will be exposed to the liquid attractant. There is a problem that they swim in the trapping agent and escape from the container, which lowers the trapping efficiency. In addition, even if a bee dies, the dead bee floats on the liquid surface of the liquid attractant and trapping agent, and this serves as a foothold for another bee to encourage its escape.
本発明は、捕獲されたハチが致死するまでの時間を短縮することを目的としている。 An object of the present invention is to reduce the time it takes for trapped bees to die.
本発明者は、上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、特定の浸透力を有する界面活性剤において、ハチが致死するまでの時間を短縮するのみならず、上記界面活性剤を有効成分とするハチ捕獲剤の中で、ハチの死骸が沈降することを見出し、この特定の浸透力を有する界面活性剤を有効成分とするハチ捕獲剤とすることにより上記課題を解決するに至ったものである。 As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that a surfactant having a specific penetrating power not only shortens the time until bees die, but also makes the surfactant effective. It was found that dead bees settled in the bee-trapping agent as a component, and the above problem was solved by using a bee-trapping agent containing a surfactant having a specific penetrating power as an active ingredient. It is.
本発明は、具体的には次の事項を要旨とする。
1.下記界面活性剤(A)を有効成分とするハチ捕獲剤であって、
界面活性剤(A)は、浸透力が2000秒以下のものであることを特徴とするハチ捕獲剤。
2.1.に記載のハチ捕獲剤が容器に収納されていることを特徴とする、ハチ捕獲器。
3.2.に記載のハチ捕獲器を使用することを特徴とする、ハチ捕獲方法。
Specifically, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
1. A bee trap containing the following surfactant (A) as an active ingredient,
Surfactant (A) is a bee-trapping agent characterized by having a penetration power of 2000 seconds or less.
2.1. A bee trap, characterized in that the bee trapping agent according to 1 is stored in a container.
3.2. A method of catching bees, characterized by using the bee trap according to 1.
本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、ハチが致死するまでの時間が短いため、ハチ捕獲器からハチが脱出することもなく、優れたハチ捕獲効果を発揮する。しかも、本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、ハチの死骸がハチ捕獲剤の液中に沈降するため、ハチ捕獲剤の液面にハチの死骸が浮いて、別のハチの足場となって脱出を促すことや、別のハチのハチ捕獲剤への接触を妨げることがないため、効率的にハチを捕獲することができ有用である。
また、本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、公知の殺虫剤と組み合わせることにより、誘引したハチを確実に防除できる防除薬剤とすることができ、ハチに対する効率的な防除効果を容易に得ることができ有用である。
The bee-trapping agent of the present invention exhibits an excellent bee-trapping effect without the escape of bees from the bee trap because it takes only a short time to kill the bees. Moreover, in the bee-trapping agent of the present invention, the dead bees settle in the liquid of the bee-trapping agent, so that the dead bees float on the liquid surface of the bee-trapping agent, serving as a foothold for other bees to facilitate their escape. This is useful because it does not prevent other bees from coming into contact with the bee-trapping agent, so that bees can be efficiently captured.
In addition, the bee-trapping agent of the present invention can be combined with a known insecticide to make a control agent that can reliably control attracted bees, and is useful because it can easily obtain an efficient control effect against bees. is.
以下、本発明のハチ捕獲剤、この捕獲剤を含有するハチ捕獲器およびこのハチ捕獲器を使用するハチ捕獲方法について詳細に説明する。
本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、特定の浸透力を有する界面活性剤(A)を有効成分として含有するものである。
<本発明の浸透力について>
本発明における浸透力は、以下に説明する、キャンバスディスク法(ISO-8022-1990)に準拠した測定方法により、測定された時間(秒)を意味し、測定は5回行いその平均値を本発明における浸透力(秒)とした。
(測定方法)
20℃において、φ150mmの試験片保持枠にウール布帛(染色堅ろう度試験用塗布白布:JIS L 0803準拠、毛(ウール)、大きさ:200mm×200mm)をゆるみ無く張った状態で固定し、測定対象である界面活性剤1重量%水溶液を当該ウール布帛中央部の表面に50μL滴下して液滴形成し、当該液滴がウール布帛に吸収されるまでの時間をストップウォッチで測定する。
液滴がウール布帛に吸収された終点は、鏡面反射の消失により判断する。詳しくは、上記液滴周辺に、水の鏡面反射を目視確認できる500~1000luxの光を当て、液滴の鏡面反射を目視により確認する。液滴がウール布帛に徐々に吸収されるにつれ液滴の鏡面反射も弱くなり、液滴がウール布帛に吸収されつくすと液滴の鏡面反射も消失する。これにより、液滴がウール布帛に吸収された終点を客観的に判断することができる。この判断基準は、繊維製品の吸水性試験方法(JIS 1907:2010)において、適用されている方法である。
本発明のハチ捕獲剤の有効成分は、1重量%水溶液の浸透力が20℃で2000秒以下である界面活性剤であり、当該浸透力が1000秒以下である界面活性剤が好ましく、同じく500秒以下である界面活性剤がより好ましい。
Hereinafter, the bee-trapping agent of the present invention, the bee-trapping device containing this trapping agent, and the bee-trapping method using this bee-trapping device will be described in detail.
The bee-trapping agent of the present invention contains a surfactant (A) having specific penetrating power as an active ingredient.
<About penetration power of the present invention>
The penetrating power in the present invention means the time (seconds) measured by a measuring method conforming to the canvas disc method (ISO-8022-1990) described below, and the measurement is performed five times and the average value is the present value. Penetration power (seconds) in the invention.
(Measuring method)
At 20 ° C., a woolen cloth (coated white cloth for dyeing fastness test: JIS L 0803 compliant, hair (wool), size: 200 mm × 200 mm) is fixed in a φ150 mm test piece holding frame without slack, and measured. 50 μL of a 1% by weight aqueous solution of the target surfactant is dropped on the surface of the central portion of the wool fabric to form droplets, and the time until the droplets are absorbed by the wool fabric is measured with a stopwatch.
The endpoint at which the droplet is absorbed by the wool fabric is determined by the disappearance of the specular reflection. Specifically, light of 500 to 1000 lux is applied to the periphery of the droplet to visually confirm the specular reflection of the droplet. As the droplet is gradually absorbed by the wool fabric, the specular reflection of the droplet becomes weaker, and when the droplet is completely absorbed by the wool fabric, the specular reflection of the droplet disappears. This makes it possible to objectively determine the endpoint at which the droplets have been absorbed by the wool fabric. This criterion is a method applied in the water absorption test method for textile products (JIS 1907:2010).
The active ingredient of the bee trapping agent of the present invention is a surfactant having a penetration power of 2000 seconds or less at 20° C. in a 1% by weight aqueous solution, preferably a surfactant having a penetration power of 1000 seconds or less. Surfactants that are sub-seconds are more preferred.
本発明のハチ捕獲剤の有効成分は、上記浸透力が2000秒以下である界面活性剤であれば、非イオン性界面活性剤、陰イオン性界面活性剤、陽イオン性界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤の何れでも特に制限なく使用することができるが、中でも、非イオン性界面活性または陰イオン性界面活性剤が好適である。
具体的には、例えば、非イオン性界面活性剤としては、糖エステル型、脂肪酸エステル型、植物油型、アルコール型、アルキルフェノール型、ポリオキシエチレン-ポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマー型、アルキルアミン型、ビスフェノール型、多芳香環型のものが挙げられる。陰イオン性界面活性剤としては、カルボン酸型、スルホン酸型、硫酸エステル型、リン酸エステル型のものが挙げられる。陽イオン性界面活性剤としては、アンモニウム型、ベンザルコニウム型のものが挙げられる。両性界面活性剤としては、ベタイン型のものが挙げられる。
中でも好適な非イオン性界面活性剤としては、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシアルキレンアリールエーテル、ポリオキシアルキレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリアルキレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル等が挙げられ、好適な陰イオン性界面活性剤としては、スルホン酸塩等が挙げられる。
特に好適な非イオン性界面活性剤としては、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアリールエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリエチレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルが挙げられ、特に好適な陰イオン性界面活性剤としては、アルキルスルホ酢酸塩が挙げられる。なお、上記有効成分である界面活性剤(A)は単独もしくは2種以上を混合したもの何れも用いることができる。
The active ingredient of the bee-trapping agent of the present invention is a nonionic surfactant, anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant, as long as it is a surfactant having the penetration power of 2000 seconds or less. Any active agent can be used without particular limitation, but nonionic or anionic surfactants are preferred.
Specifically, for example, nonionic surfactants include sugar ester type, fatty acid ester type, vegetable oil type, alcohol type, alkylphenol type, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer type, alkylamine type, and bisphenol type surfactants. , and polyaromatic ring types. Examples of anionic surfactants include carboxylic acid type, sulfonic acid type, sulfate type, and phosphate type surfactants. Examples of cationic surfactants include ammonium-type and benzalkonium-type surfactants. Amphoteric surfactants include those of the betaine type.
Among them, preferred nonionic surfactants include polyglycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyalkylene aryl ethers, polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyalkylene glycol fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, and the like. Suitable anionic surfactants include sulfonates and the like.
Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants include polyglycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene aryl ethers, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, Sucrose fatty acid esters are included, and particularly suitable anionic surfactants include alkyl sulfoacetates. The surfactant (A), which is the active ingredient, may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、上記浸透力を有する浸透力に優れた界面活性剤(A)を単に水で希釈したもの、上記浸透力を有する浸透力に優れた界面活性剤(A)と、殺虫剤や一般的に製剤に添加される成分と共に製剤化したもの、さらには、製剤化したものを水で希釈したものなどが含まれる。中でも、本発明のハチ捕獲剤として、上記浸透力を有する浸透力に優れた界面活性剤(A)とその他成分を製剤化したものが、コンパクトでありかつ保存安定性に優れるため、移送時や保管時において有利である。製剤型としては、例えば油剤、乳剤、水和剤、フロアブル剤(水中懸濁剤、水中乳濁剤等)等の液状製剤のほか、マイクロカプセル剤、粉剤、粒剤、錠剤等の固形製剤が挙げられる。中でも、液状製剤は水で希釈しやすく、溶け残りが少ない点において好適である。希釈に使用する水としては、精製水、水道水、イオン交換水、蒸留水、ろ過処理した水、滅菌処理した水、地下水、井戸水等が用いられる。
本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、有効成分である上記浸透力を有する浸透力に優れた界面活性剤(A)を、ハチ捕獲剤全体に対して0.005重量%以上含有することが好ましく、0.01重量%以上含有することがより好ましく、0.05重量%以上含有することが特に好ましい。有効成分である上記浸透力を有する浸透力に優れた界面活性剤(A)の含有量は、ハチ捕獲剤全体に対して0.005重量%未満であると、使用者が満足する程度のハチ捕獲効果を十分に発揮することができない。また、この含有量が5重量%を超えると、溶解性など製剤化における課題が出てくるため、含有量は5重量%以下であることが好ましい。
The bee-trapping agent of the present invention is obtained by simply diluting the surfactant (A) having excellent penetrating power with water, the surfactant (A) having excellent penetrating power and having excellent penetrating power, It includes those formulated with insecticides and ingredients that are generally added to formulations, and further those formulated and diluted with water. Among them, as the bee trapping agent of the present invention, a formulation of the surfactant (A) having excellent penetrating power and other ingredients is compact and has excellent storage stability. It is advantageous during storage. Formulations include liquid formulations such as oils, emulsions, wettable powders, and flowable formulations (suspension in water, emulsion in water, etc.), as well as solid formulations such as microcapsules, powders, granules, and tablets. mentioned. Among them, liquid preparations are preferable because they are easily diluted with water and leave little undissolved residue. As water used for dilution, purified water, tap water, ion-exchanged water, distilled water, filtered water, sterilized water, underground water, well water, and the like are used.
The bee-trapping agent of the present invention preferably contains 0.005% by weight or more of the surfactant (A) having excellent penetrating power, which is an active ingredient, with respect to the entire bee-trapping agent. It is more preferably contained in an amount of 0.01% by weight or more, and particularly preferably in an amount of 0.05% by weight or more. The content of the surfactant (A), which is an active ingredient and has excellent penetrating power, is less than 0.005% by weight with respect to the entire bee-trapping agent. The capture effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited. Moreover, if the content exceeds 5% by weight, problems in formulation such as solubility arise, so the content is preferably 5% by weight or less.
本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、公知の殺虫剤と組み合わせて使用することにより、誘引したハチを確実に防除できる防除薬剤とすることができる。併用できる公知の殺虫剤としては、例えば、天然ピレトリン、アレスリン、レスメトリン、フラメトリン、プラレトリン、テラレスリン、フタルスリン、フェノトリン、ペルメトリン、シフェノトリン、サイパーメスリン、トランスフルトリン、メトフルトリン、プロフルトリン、イミプロトリン、エンペントリン、エトフェンプロックス、シラフルオフェン、メペルフルトリン、ジメフルトリン等のピレスロイド系化合物;プロポクスル、カルバリル等のカーバメイト系化合物;フェニトロチオン、DDVP等の有機リン系化合物;メトキサジアゾン等のオキサジアゾール系化合物;フィプロニル等のフェニルピラゾール系化合物;アミドフルメト等のスルホンアミド系化合物;イミダクロプリド、ジノテフラン等のネオニコチノイド系化合物;ピリプロキシフェン、メトプレン、ハイドロプレン等の昆虫幼若ホルモン様化合物;プレコセン等の抗幼若ホルモン様化合物;ノバルロン、ジフルベンズロン等のキチン合成阻害剤;フィトンチッド、ハッカ油、オレンジ油、桂皮油、丁子油等の殺虫精油類等の各種殺虫剤を挙げることができ、さらに、サイネピリン、ピペロニルブトキサイド等の共力剤も併用することができる。忌避性の少ない、昆虫幼若ホルモン様化合物、抗幼若ホルモン様化合物、キチン合成阻害剤等の昆虫成長制御剤も、好適に併用することができる。 By using the bee-trapping agent of the present invention in combination with a known insecticide, it can be made into a control agent capable of reliably controlling attracted bees. Examples of known insecticides that can be used in combination include natural pyrethrin, allethrin, resmethrin, flamethrin, prallethrin, terarethrin, phthalthrin, phenothrin, permethrin, cyphenothrin, cypermethrin, transfluthrin, metofruthrin, profluthrin, imiprothrin, empentrin, and etofenprox. , silafluofen, meperfluthrin, dimefluthrin and other pyrethroid compounds; propoxur, carbaryl and other carbamate compounds; fenitrothion, DDVP and other organophosphorus compounds; methoxadiazone and other oxadiazole compounds; fipronil and other phenylpyrazole compounds; Neonicotinoid compounds such as imidacloprid and dinotefuran; insect juvenile hormone-like compounds such as pyriproxyfen, methoprene and hydroprene; anti-juvenile hormone-like compounds such as precocene; chitin such as novarron and diflubenzuron Synthetic inhibitor; various insecticides such as essential oils such as phytoncide, peppermint oil, orange oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil, etc. Synergists such as synepyrine and piperonyl butoxide are also used in combination. be able to. Less repellent insect growth regulators such as insect juvenile hormone-like compounds, anti-juvenile hormone-like compounds, chitin synthesis inhibitors, etc. can also be preferably used in combination.
これらの公知の殺虫剤の中でも、本発明のハチ捕獲剤と殺虫剤とを混合して使用する場合には、本発明の効果である致死速度と沈降作用を得るために、20℃における水溶解度が100ppm以上のものが好ましい。このような水溶解度を有する殺虫剤としては、例えば、アセフェート、バミドチオン、メチダチオン(DMTP)、フェノブカルブ(BPMC)、エチオフェンカルブ、カルタップ、チオシクラム、イミダクロプリド、チアクロプリド、シロマジン、ホスチアゼート、アセタミプリド、チアメトキサム、カルバリル(NAC)、クロチアニジン、ピメトロジン、ジノテフラン等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、例えば、ジノテフラン(20℃における水溶解度:約54000ppm)、チアメトキサム(20℃における水溶解度:約4100ppm)、イミダクロプリド(20℃における水溶解度:約510ppm)、フェノブカルブ(BPMC、20℃における水溶解度:約610ppm)等の20℃における水溶解度が500ppm以上のものが、本発明のハチ捕獲剤と組み合わせる殺虫剤としてより好適である。 Among these known insecticides, when the bee-trapping agent of the present invention and the insecticide are mixed and used, the water solubility at 20° C. is preferably 100 ppm or more. Examples of water-soluble insecticides include acephate, bamidothion, methidathione (DMTP), fenocarb (BPMC), ethiophenecarb, cartap, thiocyclam, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, cyromazine, fosthiazate, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, carbaryl (NAC). , clothianidin, pymetrozine, dinotefuran and the like. Among these, for example, dinotefuran (water solubility at 20°C: about 54000 ppm), thiamethoxam (water solubility at 20°C: about 4100 ppm), imidacloprid (water solubility at 20°C: about 510 ppm), fenocarb (BPMC, water at 20°C Solubility: about 610 ppm), those with a water solubility of 500 ppm or more at 20° C. are more suitable as insecticides to be combined with the bee-trapping agent of the present invention.
本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、公知の誘引成分と組み合わせて使用することにより、ハチを誘引し、確実に捕獲することができる。公知の誘引成分としては、例えば、バルサミコ酢、リンゴ酢、米酢、玄米酢、粕酢、大豆酢、黒酢、ワインビネガー、すだち酢、赤酢、柿酢、麦芽酢、紫イモ酢、サトウキビ酢等の酢、乳酸製品(乳酸菌飲料等)、砂糖類、でんぷん糖類、はちみつ、果実、果実加工品、果汁、果汁飲料、果実酒等、酒類、酒粕、魚介類、魚介類加工品、魚介類抽出物、食肉、食肉加工品、食肉抽出物、香料等をベースとしたものであってもよい。上記誘引成分の中でも、特に液体のものが好ましい。さらに、グリセリン等の脂肪族多価アルコール、ソルビトール等の糖アルコール、キサンタンガム等の増粘多糖類等の保湿成分を含ませれば、長期にわたり誘引成分の効能を発揮させることができる。 The bee-trapping agent of the present invention can attract and reliably trap bees when used in combination with known attractants. Known attractants include, for example, balsamic vinegar, apple cider vinegar, rice vinegar, brown rice vinegar, lees vinegar, soybean vinegar, black vinegar, wine vinegar, sudachi vinegar, red vinegar, persimmon vinegar, malt vinegar, purple potato vinegar, and sugar cane. Vinegar and other vinegars, lactic acid products (lactic acid bacteria drinks, etc.), sugars, starch sugars, honey, fruits, processed fruit products, fruit juices, fruit juice drinks, fruit wines, etc., alcoholic beverages, sake lees, seafood, processed seafood products, seafood It may be based on extracts, meat, processed meat products, meat extracts, flavorings, and the like. Among the above attractants, liquid ones are particularly preferred. Furthermore, if moisturizing ingredients such as aliphatic polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, and thickening polysaccharides such as xanthan gum are included, the effects of the attracting ingredients can be exerted over a long period of time.
本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、一般的に製剤に添加される成分を本発明の効果を妨げない範囲で含有させて製剤化することができる。一般的に製剤に添加される成分の例としては、安定化剤、防腐剤、着色料、誤飲防止剤、液体担体等が挙げられる。安定化剤の例としては、ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン(BHT)やブチルヒドロキシアニソール(BHA)等の酸化防止剤、アスコルビン酸等が挙げられる。防腐剤の例としては、ソルビン酸、ソルビン酸塩、パラヒドロキシ安息香酸エステル類、チアベンダゾール等が挙げられる。着色料としては、カラメル色素、クチナシ色素、アントシアニン色素、紅花色素、フラボノイド色素、赤色2号、赤色3号、黄色4号、黄色5号、等が挙げられる。誤飲防止剤としては、安息香酸デナトニウム等が挙げられる。 The bee-trapping agent of the present invention can be formulated by containing components generally added to formulations within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. Examples of ingredients commonly added to formulations include stabilizers, preservatives, colorants, anti-ingestion agents, liquid carriers and the like. Examples of stabilizers include antioxidants such as dibutylhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), ascorbic acid, and the like. Examples of preservatives include sorbic acid, sorbates, parahydroxybenzoic acid esters, thiabendazole and the like. Examples of coloring agents include caramel pigments, gardenia pigments, anthocyanin pigments, safflower pigments, flavonoid pigments, Red No. 2, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 4 and Yellow No. 5. Examples of accidental ingestion preventive agents include denatonium benzoate and the like.
製剤化の際に用いられる液体担体としては、例えばアルコール類(メタノール、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、ブタノール、ヘキサノール、ベンジルアルコール、エチレングリコール等)、エーテル類(ジエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン等)、エステル類(酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、ミリスチン酸イソプロピル、乳酸エチル等)、ケトン類(アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン等)、芳香族または脂肪族炭化水素類(キシレン、トルエン、アルキルナフタレン、フェニルキシリルエタン、ケロシン、軽油、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン等)、ハロゲン化炭化水素類(クロロベンゼン、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロエタン、トリクロロエタン等)、ニトリル類(アセトニトリル、イソブチロニトリル等)、スルホキシド類(ジメチルスルホキシド等)、ヘテロ環系溶剤(スルホラン、γ-ブチロラクトン、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N-エチル-2-ピロリドン、N-オクチル-2-ピロリドン、1,3-ジメチル-2-イミダゾリジノン)、酸アミド類(N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド等)、炭酸アルキリデン類(炭酸プロピレン等)、植物油(大豆油、綿実油等)、植物精油(オレンジ油、ヒソップ油、レモン油等)、および水が挙げられる。 Examples of liquid carriers used for formulation include alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, hexanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, etc.), ethers (diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc.), esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl myristate, ethyl lactate, etc.), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), aromatics or aliphatic hydrocarbons (xylene, toluene, alkylnaphthalene, phenylxylylethane, kerosene, light oil, hexane, cyclohexane, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (chlorobenzene, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, etc.), nitriles (acetonitrile, isobutyronitrile, etc.), sulfoxides (dimethylsulfoxide, etc.), heterocyclic solvents (sulfolane, γ-butyrolactone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone), acid amides (N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, etc.), alkylidene carbonates (propylene carbonate, etc.), vegetable oils (soybean oil, cottonseed oil, etc.) , plant essential oils (orange oil, hyssop oil, lemon oil, etc.), and water.
本発明のハチ捕獲剤が優れた捕獲効果を発揮するハチは、スズメバチ科(Vespidae)に属するハチを主な対象とするものであるが、アリガタバチ類、クマバチ、ベッコウバチ、ジガバチ、ドロバチ等の膜翅目害虫に属するものが挙げられる。中でも、スズメバチ科ハチとしては、スズメバチ亜科(Vespinae)およびアシナガバチ亜科(Polistinae)に属するハチを挙げることができる。
スズメバチ亜科に属するハチとしては、例えば、オオスズメバチ、キイロスズメバチ、コガタスズメバチ、モンスズメバチ、ヒメスズメバチ、チャイロスズメバチ、クロスズメバチ、シダクロスズメバチ、ヤドリスズメバチなどを挙げることができる。
また、アシナガバチ亜科に属するハチとしては、例えば、キアシナガバチ、セグロアシナガバチ、フタモンアシナガバチ、トガリフタモンアシナガバチ、ヤマトアシナガバチ、キボシアシナガバチ、コアシナガバチ、ヤエヤマアシナガバチ、ムモンホソアシナガバチ、ヒメホソアシナガバチなどの土着種を挙げることができる。これら土着種に加えて、対馬や北九州市に侵入したツマアカスズメバチも挙げることができる。アシナガバチの攻撃性や毒性はスズメバチに比べて小さいものの、民家に営巣することがあり、また、それに刺されることによる死亡例もあるため、防除対象である点ではスズメバチと同様である。
これらのハチの中でも、本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、体長が10mm以上45mm以下の範囲のハチ、好ましくは体長が10mm以上30mm以下の範囲のハチ、より好ましくは体長が10mm以上25mm以下の範囲のハチに対して優れた捕獲効果を発揮する。
Bees for which the bee-trapping agent of the present invention exhibits an excellent trapping effect are mainly intended for bees belonging to the Vespidae family. Examples include those belonging to the order Pests. Among them, the Waspidae bees include bees belonging to the subfamily Vespinae and Polistinae.
Examples of bees belonging to the subfamily Waspidae include giant hornets, yellow hornets, little hornets, hornets, hornets, brown hornets, black hornets, hornets, and yellow hornets.
In addition, bees belonging to the Polistes subfamily include, for example, paper wasps, paper wasps, paper wasps, paper wasps, paper wasps, paper wasps, paper wasps, paper wasps, paper wasps, paper wasps, paper wasps, paper wasps, and paper wasps. Indigenous species may be mentioned. In addition to these indigenous species, there is also the Asian hornet that has invaded Tsushima and Kitakyushu. Although the aggressiveness and toxicity of the paper wasp are less than those of the hornet, they sometimes build nests in private houses, and there have been cases of death due to their stings.
Among these bees, the bee trapping agent of the present invention is a bee with a body length of 10 mm or more and 45 mm or less, preferably a body length of 10 mm or more and 30 mm or less, more preferably a body length of 10 mm or more and 25 mm or less. Demonstrates an excellent trapping effect against bees.
<ハチ捕獲器について>
本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、容器に収納してハチ捕獲器として使用してもよい。
収納する容器は、本発明のハチ捕獲剤を内部に収容できる形態であれば形状や大きさ等は制限されず、使用場所や使用方法に合った形態であればよい。この容器の材質としては、例えば、ガラス、金属、プラスチック等のほか、本発明のハチ捕獲剤が容器から漏出することがない防水や撥水機能を有する特殊紙などの材質であれば特に制限されない。
容器の態様の1例として、容器の開口部を覆う蓋を有し、この蓋または容器の何れかにハチが侵入する開口部が形成されていると良い。この開口部は、ハチが容器内に容易に侵入できる大きさや形状であればよく、開口部の寸法(径、幅、長さ)は、20mm以上35mm以下に設定することが好ましく、25mm以上30mm以下に設定することがより好ましい。開口部が20mmより小さくなると、オオスズメバチ等の大型のハチが開口部から侵入し難く捕獲効率が低下する。また、開口部が35mmより大きくなると、ハチ以外の蝶、蛾、甲虫等が容器内に侵入してしまう。ハチが容器内に侵入しやすいように、複数の開口部を容器に形成することが良いが、その数は容器の大きさにもよるが2個以上5個以下の開口部を形成することが好ましい。また、容器内に侵入したハチが容易に容器外に脱出することを防止するために、開口部は漏斗状等の形状であることが好ましい。
容器は、ハチ捕獲数を目視できるように、透明又は半透明の窓相当部を設けたもの、もしくは透明または半透明の容器としてもよく、捕獲したハチを見えにくくして不快感を抑えることもできる。
ハチ捕獲器を野外に設置する場合、雨水等が浸入し本発明のハチ捕獲剤が希釈され、ハチ捕獲効率が低下することを防止するために、開口部に対し空間を有しつつ雨水等の浸入を防止する覆い部を備える態様が好ましい。
本発明のハチ捕獲器は、なるべく直射日光の当たらない、地面から1~3m辺りに吊るす、または柵などに固定して使用することが好ましい。
<About the bee catcher>
The bee trap of the present invention may be stored in a container and used as a bee trap.
The shape, size, etc. of the container are not limited as long as it can contain the bee-trapping agent of the present invention. The material of the container is not particularly limited, for example, glass, metal, plastic, etc., as long as it is a material such as special paper having a waterproof or water-repellent function that prevents the bee trapping agent of the present invention from leaking out of the container. .
As one embodiment of the container, it is preferable that the container has a lid covering the opening of the container, and either the lid or the container has an opening through which the bees enter. The size and shape of the opening may be such that bees can easily enter the container. It is more preferable to set the following. If the opening is smaller than 20 mm, it is difficult for large-sized bees such as Asian giant hornets to enter through the opening, and the trapping efficiency is lowered. Moreover, if the opening is larger than 35 mm, butterflies, moths, and beetles other than bees may enter the container. It is preferable to form a plurality of openings in the container so that bees can easily enter the container. preferable. Moreover, in order to prevent bees that have entered the container from easily escaping out of the container, the opening preferably has a shape such as a funnel shape.
The container may have a transparent or translucent window or a transparent or translucent container so that the number of captured bees can be visually observed. can.
When installing the bee trap outdoors, in order to prevent rainwater and the like from entering and diluting the bee trap of the present invention and reducing the efficiency of bee trapping, it is necessary to provide a space for the opening and prevent rainwater and the like from deteriorating. A mode having a cover for preventing infiltration is preferred.
The bee catcher of the present invention is preferably used by hanging it at a height of about 1 to 3 m from the ground, or by fixing it to a fence or the like, avoiding direct sunlight as much as possible.
以下、処方例および試験例等により、本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明は、これらの例に限定されるものではない。
なお、実施例において、特に明記しない限り、部は重量部を意味する。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with formulation examples, test examples, etc., but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In the examples, parts means parts by weight unless otherwise specified.
<浸透力の確認試験>
(1)試験検体の調製
下記界面活性剤1~21それぞれを、水と混合して1重量%の均一な水溶液を得、これを試験検体とした。
(2)浸透力の測定
20℃において、ウール布帛(染色堅ろう度試験用塗布白布:JIS L 0803準拠、毛(ウール)、大きさ:200mm×200mm)を、φ150mmステンレスシャーレとプラスチック製の試験片保持枠でゆるみ無く張った状態で固定し、これを光源(935lux)と観察者の間に置き、試験検体を滴下するピペットマンを、その先端とウール布帛表面までが10mmとなるように設置した。観察者は、水による鏡面反射を確実に確認できる角度から観察した。ピペットマンから試験検体を50μL滴下し、ウール布帛表面に形成された液滴の鏡面反射を観察した。試験検体がウール布帛表面に達した時から、ウール布帛が液滴全てを吸収(鏡面反射が消失)して、ウール布帛表面上に湿潤だけが残った状態となるまでの時間(秒)を、ストップウォッチで測定した。測定を5回行い、その平均値を使用した界面活性剤の浸透力(秒)とした。
<Confirmation test of penetrating power>
(1) Preparation of Test Sample Each of the following surfactants 1 to 21 was mixed with water to obtain a 1% by weight uniform aqueous solution, which was used as a test sample.
(2) Measurement of penetration force At 20 ° C., wool fabric (coated white cloth for dyeing fastness test: JIS L 0803 compliant, hair (wool), size: 200 mm × 200 mm), φ 150 mm stainless petri dish and plastic test piece It was fixed with a holding frame in a tightly stretched state, placed between the light source (935 lux) and an observer, and a Pipetman for dropping the test sample was installed so that the tip and the surface of the wool fabric were 10 mm apart. The observer observed from an angle at which the specular reflection of the water could be reliably confirmed. 50 μL of the test sample was dropped from a Pipetman, and specular reflection of the droplet formed on the surface of the wool fabric was observed. The time (in seconds) from the time the test specimen reaches the surface of the woolen fabric until the woolen fabric has absorbed all of the droplet (disappearance of the specular reflection), leaving only wetness on the surface of the woolen fabric, Measured with a stopwatch. The measurement was performed 5 times, and the average value was taken as the penetrating power (seconds) of the surfactant used.
<ハチ致死効果確認試験1>
(1)試験検体の調製
下記界面活性剤1~21それぞれを、水と混合して0.06重量%の均一な水溶液を得、これをハチ捕獲剤の試験検体とした。
(2)試験方法について
上記各試験検体を、容器(口径92mm、高さ131mm、底径58mm、東罐興業株式会社製)の底面から100mmの高さまで注ぎ入れた。試験検体液面に体長10~15mm程度のセイヨウミツバチ(以下、「試験ハチ」という。)1匹を投入し、行動停止するまでの時間を測定した。この試験を3回繰り返し、その平均値をハチ致死時間(秒)とした。
<Bee lethal effect confirmation test 1>
(1) Preparation of Test Sample Each of the following surfactants 1 to 21 was mixed with water to obtain a uniform aqueous solution of 0.06% by weight, which was used as a test sample of the bee-trapping agent.
(2) Test method Each test sample was poured into a container (caliber 92 mm, height 131 mm, bottom diameter 58 mm, manufactured by Tokan Kogyo Co., Ltd.) from the bottom to a height of 100 mm. One European honey bee (hereinafter referred to as "test bee") having a body length of about 10 to 15 mm was placed on the liquid surface of the test sample, and the time until the action stopped was measured. This test was repeated three times, and the average value was taken as the bee lethal time (seconds).
<ハチ溺沈効果確認試験1>
(1)試験検体の調製
下記界面活性剤1~21それぞれを、水と混合して0.06重量%の均一な水溶液を得、これをハチ捕獲剤の試験検体とした。
(2)試験方法について
上記「ハチ致死効果確認試験1」と同じ容器に、各試験検体を底面から100mmの高さまで注ぎ入れた。試験検体液面に試験ハチ7匹を投入し、24時間後の試験ハチ死骸の溺沈数を確認した。ここで溺沈とは、試験ハチの死骸が容器底面まで沈降していることを意味し、水面下や液中に浮遊しているものは意味しない。
下記式(1)から、溺沈率(%)を算出した。
式(1):溺沈率(%)=100×(容器底面まで沈降した試験ハチ)/(試験ハチ数7)
<Bee drowning effect confirmation test 1>
(1) Preparation of Test Sample Each of the following surfactants 1 to 21 was mixed with water to obtain a uniform aqueous solution of 0.06% by weight, which was used as a test sample of the bee-trapping agent.
(2) Test method Each test sample was poured into the same container as in the above-mentioned "Bee lethal effect confirmation test 1" to a height of 100 mm from the bottom. Seven test bees were placed on the test sample liquid surface, and the number of drowning test bee carcasses after 24 hours was confirmed. Here, drowning means that the carcasses of the test bees have sunk to the bottom of the container, and does not mean those that float below the surface of the water or in the liquid.
The drowning rate (%) was calculated from the following formula (1).
Formula (1): drowning rate (%) = 100 × (test bees that have settled to the bottom of the container) / (test bees number 7)
各試験検体の浸透力(秒)、ハチ致死時間(秒)、溺沈率(%)をまとめて示した。ハチ致死時間(秒)と溺沈率(%)に関する下記[評価基準]に従い、それぞれの評価結果も併せ下記表1に示す。
[ハチ致死時間(秒)の評価基準]
A:ハチ致死時間(秒)が200秒未満
B:ハチ致死時間(秒)が200秒以上400秒未満
C:ハチ致死時間(秒)が400秒以上600秒未満
D:ハチ致死時間(秒)が600秒以上または脱出
上記ハチ致死時間(秒)の評価基準A~Cを、実用性があると判断した。
[溺沈率(%)の評価基準]
A:溺沈率(%)が80%以上
B:溺沈率(%)が65%以上80%未満
C:溺沈率(%)が50%以上65%未満
D:溺沈率(%)が50%未満または脱出
×:試験検体入りの容器から逃走したことを意味する
上記溺沈率(%)の評価基準A~Cを、実用性があると判断した。
Penetration power (seconds), bee death time (seconds), and drowning rate (%) of each test sample are shown together. According to the following [Evaluation Criteria] regarding bee lethal time (seconds) and drowning rate (%), the respective evaluation results are also shown in Table 1 below.
[Evaluation criteria for bee lethal time (seconds)]
A: Bee lethal time (seconds) is less than 200 seconds B: Bee lethal time (seconds) is 200 seconds or more and less than 400 seconds C: Bee lethal time (seconds) is 400 seconds or more and less than 600 seconds D: Bee lethal time (seconds) is 600 seconds or longer or escapes. Evaluation criteria A to C for the bee lethal time (seconds) were judged to be practical.
[Evaluation criteria for drowning rate (%)]
A: Drowning rate (%) is 80% or more B: Drowning rate (%) is 65% or more and less than 80% C: Drowning rate (%) is 50% or more and less than 65% D: Drowning rate (%) is less than 50% or escapes ×: Means escape from the container containing the test specimen Evaluation criteria A to C for the drowning rate (%) were judged to be practical.
使用した界面活性剤の詳細は、以下のとおりである。
界面活性剤1:ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル(10)、HLB:15.5
界面活性剤2:ポリオキシエチレンアルキル(C12~14)エーテル、HLB:13.5
界面活性剤3:ラウリルスルホ酢酸ナトリウム
界面活性剤4:ショ糖ラウリン酸エステル、HLB:16
界面活性剤5:ショ糖ミリスチン酸エステル、HLB:16
界面活性剤6:ポリオキシエチレントリスチリル化フェニルエーテル、HLB:12
界面活性剤7:ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル(5)、HLB:15.8
界面活性剤8:ポリオキシエチレンジスチリル化フェニルエーテル、HLB:12.8
界面活性剤9:ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル(10)、HLB:17.1
界面活性剤10:ポリオキシエチレンヤシ油脂肪酸ソルビタン、HLB:16.7
界面活性剤11:モノラウリン酸ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン(20E.O.)、HLB:16.7
界面活性剤12:ミリスチン酸ポリグリセリル(5)、HLB:15.4
界面活性剤13:ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンセチルエーテル(20E.O.)(8P.O.)、HLB:12.5
界面活性剤14:ポリオキシエチレントリベンジルフェニルエーテル、HLB:13.2
界面活性剤15:モノオレイン酸ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン(20E.O.)、HLB:15.0
界面活性剤16:ショ糖オレイン酸エステル、HLB:15
界面活性剤17:モノステアリン酸ポリエチレングリコール(40E.O.)、HLB:17.5
界面活性剤18:ポリオキシエチレンフィトスチロール、HLB:12.5
界面活性剤19:ポリオキシエチレンフィトスチロール、HLB:18.0
界面活性剤20:ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、HLB:12.5
界面活性剤21:ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、HLB:14.0
Details of the surfactants used are as follows.
Surfactant 1: polyglyceryl laurate (10), HLB: 15.5
Surfactant 2: polyoxyethylene alkyl (C12-14) ether, HLB: 13.5
Surfactant 3: sodium lauryl sulfoacetate Surfactant 4: sucrose laurate, HLB: 16
Surfactant 5: sucrose myristate, HLB: 16
Surfactant 6: polyoxyethylene tristyrylated phenyl ether, HLB: 12
Surfactant 7: polyglyceryl laurate (5), HLB: 15.8
Surfactant 8: Polyoxyethylene distyrylated phenyl ether, HLB: 12.8
Surfactant 9: polyglyceryl laurate (10), HLB: 17.1
Surfactant 10: polyoxyethylene coconut oil fatty acid sorbitan, HLB: 16.7
Surfactant 11: polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (20 E.O.), HLB: 16.7
Surfactant 12: polyglyceryl myristate (5), HLB: 15.4
Surfactant 13: Polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene cetyl ether (20E.O.) (8P.O.), HLB: 12.5
Surfactant 14: Polyoxyethylene tribenzylphenyl ether, HLB: 13.2
Surfactant 15: polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (20 E.O.), HLB: 15.0
Surfactant 16: sucrose oleate, HLB: 15
Surfactant 17: Polyethylene glycol monostearate (40 E.O.), HLB: 17.5
Surfactant 18: Polyoxyethylene phytostyrol, HLB: 12.5
Surfactant 19: polyoxyethylene phytostyrol, HLB: 18.0
Surfactant 20: polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, HLB: 12.5
Surfactant 21: polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, HLB: 14.0
表1に示すとおり、本発明の浸透力が2000秒以下の界面活性剤(A)である界面活性剤1~17を有効成分とするハチ捕獲剤は、ハチが致死するまでの時間が短く、しかも、ハチの死骸がハチ捕獲剤の液中に溺沈することが確認された。特に、本発明の浸透力が1000秒以下の界面活性剤1~16を有効成分とするハチ捕獲剤は、優れたハチ捕獲効果を発揮することが明らかとなった。なお、界面活性剤18および19においては、ハチを試験検体に投入したものの、当該ハチは試験検体から脱出し、致死に至らなかった。よって、表1中の「-」は、前記理由により致死の時間および溺沈率が測定できなかったことを意味する。 As shown in Table 1, the bee-trapping agents containing surfactants 1 to 17, which are surfactants (A) having a penetrating power of 2000 seconds or less, as active ingredients take a short time to kill bees, Moreover, it was confirmed that the carcasses of the bees were drowned in the liquid of the bee-trapping agent. In particular, it was revealed that the bee-trapping agent containing surfactants 1 to 16 having a penetrating power of 1000 seconds or less of the present invention as an active ingredient exhibits an excellent bee-trapping effect. In the case of surfactants 18 and 19, although bees were put into the test specimen, the bees escaped from the test specimen and did not die. Therefore, "-" in Table 1 means that the time to death and drowning rate could not be measured for the above reason.
<ハチ致死効果確認試験2>
(1)試験検体の調製
上記界面活性剤1の含有量が0.3重量%となるように、ハチ誘引成分(酒、酢、糖など)を組み合わせて、ハチ捕獲剤原液を調製し、この原液を水で5倍希釈して実施例試験検体を作製した。また、実施例試験検体と同様にして、界面活性剤1を含まない比較例試験検体を作製した。
(2)試験方法について
上記「ハチ致死効果確認試験1」と同様の方法で試験を行い、行動停止するまでの時間を測定した。この試験を3回繰り返し、その平均値をハチ致死時間(秒)とした。実施例試験検体を用いたものを実施例1とし、比較例試験検体を用いたものを比較例1として、得られた結果を表2に示す。なお、評価基準についても、上記「ハチ致死効果確認試験1」と同様とした。
<Bee lethal effect confirmation test 2>
(1) Preparation of Test Specimen A bee-attracting component (liquor, vinegar, sugar, etc.) is combined so that the content of the surfactant 1 is 0.3% by weight to prepare a bee-trapping agent undiluted solution. Example test specimens were prepared by diluting the stock solution 5-fold with water. In addition, a comparative example test sample that did not contain Surfactant 1 was prepared in the same manner as the example test sample.
(2) Test method A test was performed in the same manner as in the above "Lethal Bee Effect Confirmation Test 1", and the time until behavior stopped was measured. This test was repeated three times, and the average value was taken as the bee lethal time (seconds). Table 2 shows the results of Example 1 using the Example test sample and Comparative Example 1 using the Comparative Example test sample. The evaluation criteria were also the same as those in the above-mentioned "Bee lethal effect confirmation test 1".
<ハチ溺沈効果確認試験2>
(1)試験検体の調製
上記「ハチ致死効果確認試験2」の実施例試験検体と比較例試験検体を使用した。
(2)試験方法について
84時間後に試験ハチの死骸の溺沈数を確認した以外は、上記「ハチ溺沈効果確認試験1」と同様の方法で試験を行い、溺沈率(%)を算出した。実施例試験検体を用いたものを実施例1とし、比較例試験検体を用いたものを比較例1として、得られた結果を表2に示す。なお、評価基準についても、上記「ハチ溺沈効果確認試験1」と同様とした。
<Bee drowning effect confirmation test 2>
(1) Preparation of Test Specimens Example test specimens and comparative example test specimens of the above-mentioned "Bee Lethal Effect Confirmation Test 2" were used.
(2) About the test method Except for confirming the number of drowning of the test bee carcasses after 84 hours, the test was performed in the same manner as in the above "Bee drowning effect confirmation test 1", and the drowning rate (%) was calculated. did. Table 2 shows the results of Example 1 using the Example test sample and Comparative Example 1 using the Comparative Example test sample. The evaluation criteria were also the same as those in the above-mentioned "Bee Drowning Effect Verification Test 1".
表2に示すように、本発明の浸透力が2000秒以下の界面活性剤(A)である界面活性剤1と、誘引剤とを混合した実施例1においては、ハチが致死するまでの時間が短く、しかも、ハチの死骸がハチ捕獲剤の液中に溺沈することが確認された。一方、界面活性剤1を含まない誘引剤である比較例1は、ハチが溺死したものの、その時間は極めて長時間を要した。さらに、ハチの死骸は、比較例1の液中にほとんど溺沈せず、液面に浮かんだ状態であった。このことから、比較例1を屋外での実場面で用いた場合には、ハチが誘引されたとしても、先に捕獲され、比較例1の液面に浮かんだ状態のハチが足場となり、後から誘引されたハチは、比較例1の液中に捕獲および溺沈することなく脱出してしまう可能性が高くなると推察される。 As shown in Table 2, in Example 1 in which surfactant 1, which is the surfactant (A) having a penetrating power of 2000 seconds or less of the present invention, and an attractant were mixed, the time until the bees died was short, and it was confirmed that the carcasses of the bees were drowned in the liquid of the bee-trapping agent. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, which is an attractant that does not contain Surfactant 1, although the bees drowned, it took a very long time. Furthermore, the bee carcasses hardly drowned in the liquid of Comparative Example 1, and were in a state of floating on the surface of the liquid. For this reason, when Comparative Example 1 is used outdoors, even if bees are attracted, the bees are captured first, and the bees floating on the liquid surface of Comparative Example 1 become a foothold, It is presumed that the bees attracted from the liquid of Comparative Example 1 are more likely to escape without being trapped and drowning.
<ハチ溺沈・致死効果確認試験>
(1)試験検体の調製
上記界面活性剤1を、水と混合して0.1重量%の均一な水溶液を得て、これをハチ捕獲剤の実施例試験検体とした。
(2)試験方法について
上記試験検体を、容器(口径92mm、高さ131mm、底径58mm、東罐興業株式会社製)の底面から100mmの高さまで注ぎ入れた。この試験検体液面に体長20~25mm程度のセグロアシナガバチ(以下、「試験ハチ」という。)1匹を投入し、溺死するまでの時間を測定した。この試験を2回繰り返し、その平均値をハチ致死時間(秒)とした。
また、溺死から24時間後に、試験ハチの死骸が容器底面まで溺沈しているかを確認し、上記「ハチ溺沈効果確認試験1」と同様に溺沈率(%)を算出した。
実施例試験検体を用いたものを実施例2として、ハチ致死時間(秒)と溺沈率(%)および、その評価結果を表3にまとめて示す。なお、評価基準についても、上記「ハチ溺沈効果確認試験1」と同様とした。
<Bee drowning/lethal effect confirmation test>
(1) Preparation of Test Specimen Surfactant 1 was mixed with water to obtain a 0.1% by weight uniform aqueous solution, which was used as an example test specimen of the bee-trapping agent.
(2) Test method The test sample was poured into a container (caliber 92 mm, height 131 mm, bottom diameter 58 mm, manufactured by Tokan Kogyo Co., Ltd.) from the bottom to a height of 100 mm. A paper wasp with a body length of about 20 to 25 mm (hereinafter referred to as "test bee") was placed on the liquid surface of the test sample, and the time until drowning was measured. This test was repeated twice, and the average value was taken as the bee lethal time (seconds).
In addition, 24 hours after the drowning, it was confirmed whether the carcasses of the test bees had sunk to the bottom of the container, and the drowning rate (%) was calculated in the same manner as in the above-mentioned "Bee Drowning Effect Verification Test 1".
Example Using the test sample as Example 2, Table 3 summarizes the bee lethal time (seconds), the drowning rate (%), and the evaluation results. The evaluation criteria were also the same as those in the above-mentioned "Bee Drowning Effect Verification Test 1".
表3に示すように、本発明の浸透力が2000秒以下の界面活性剤(A)である界面活性剤1を含有する実施例2は、アシナガバチ類に対しても致死するまでの時間が短く、しかも、ハチの死骸がハチ捕獲剤の液中に溺沈することが確認された。 As shown in Table 3, Example 2 containing Surfactant 1, which is the surfactant (A) having a penetrating power of 2000 seconds or less of the present invention, has a short time to death even for paper wasps. Moreover, it was confirmed that the carcasses of bees were drowned in the solution of the bee-trapping agent.
<スズメバチ捕獲効果確認試験>
本発明のハチ捕獲剤のスズメバチに対する捕獲効果を確認するために、屋外においてスズメバチ捕獲効果確認試験を行った。参考例として、市販されているハチ誘引液入りの捕獲器(市販品A)を使用した。
(1)実施例検体の調製
上記「ハチ致死効果確認試験2」の実施例試験検体を使用し、これを、上記市販品Aのハチ誘引液が入っていないハチ捕獲器に、市販品Aと同じ液量となるように注入したものを実施例3とした。
(2)試験方法について
雑木林の中(試験区1)と建物近くの庭園(試験区2)それぞれに、上記実施例3と参考例を3m離し、地上から2mの高さに設置し、スズメバチの累積捕獲数を4週間(2018年5月)にわたり観測した。試験は上記2箇所で行い、その合計をスズメバチ累計捕獲数とした。
試験区1、2における、実施例3と参考例とにおけるスズメバチ累計捕獲数を表4と図1に、捕獲されたスズメバチの種類について、表5に示す。
<Confirmation test of wasp trapping effect>
In order to confirm the trapping effect of the wasp trapping agent of the present invention on wasps, a wasp trapping effect confirmation test was conducted outdoors. As a reference example, a commercially available trap containing bee attractant (commercial product A) was used.
(1) Preparation of Example Specimen Using the example test specimen of the above "Bee lethal effect confirmation test 2", this is placed in a bee trap that does not contain the commercial product A bee attractant, and the commercial product A and Example 3 was prepared by injecting the same amount of liquid.
(2) About the test method In the forest (test area 1) and in the garden near the building (test area 2), the above Example 3 and the reference example were placed 3 m apart, and installed at a height of 2 m above the ground. Cumulative catches were observed over 4 weeks (May 2018). The test was conducted at the above two locations, and the total was taken as the total number of wasps caught.
Table 4 and FIG. 1 show the total number of wasps captured in Example 3 and Reference Example in Test Areas 1 and 2, and Table 5 shows the types of wasps that were captured.
表4、図1に示すように、本発明のハチ捕獲剤を含有するハチ捕獲器(実施例3)は、参考例の市販品に比べて、1~2週目の初期段階でのハチ捕獲効果に非常に優れており、4週目までに約1.7倍のハチを捕獲できることが確認された。この結果は、本発明のハチ捕獲剤が、浸透力に優れハチが致死するまでの時間が短い界面活性剤を有効成分としていることにより、発揮された効果であると考えられる。しかも、本発明のハチ捕獲剤(実施例3)は、ハチの死骸がハチ捕獲剤に沈降する効果を有するため、ハチの死骸が液面に浮遊し、捕獲器に入り込んだ別のハチの脱出の足掛りとなることもないため、捕獲開始の初期段階からハチ捕獲数が順調に増えたものと考えられる。
実際にハチ捕獲器の中を観察したところ、本発明のハチ捕獲器は、捕獲されたハチは捕獲器の底面に溺沈していたが、参考例の市販品は、ハチのみならず蛾やコバエ類も捕獲されており、しかも、それらの死骸は全て捕獲液面に浮かんだ状態であった。そのため、捕獲液面に浮かんだそれらの死骸が液面を覆ってしまったため、新たなハチの捕獲が阻害され、ハチ捕獲数が少なかったものと考えられる。本発明のハチ捕獲器は、捕獲された蛾やコバエ類等の他の昆虫の死骸も沈降するため、新たなハチの捕獲および溺死を妨げることなく、長期にわたり優れたハチ捕獲効果を得ることができ有用である。
さらに、参考例の市販品ではコバエ類が産卵し、捕獲器の中でコバエ類が大量発生して見た目が汚いという欠点があった。これに対して、本発明のハチ捕獲器は、捕獲されたコバエ類もすぐに溺死し、かつ死骸が沈降するため、産卵によるコバエ類の大量発生もなく、見た目もきれいに使用を継続できることも明らかとなった。
また、表5に示すように、本発明のハチ捕獲剤を含有するハチ捕獲器(実施例3)は、参考例の市販品に比べて、オオスズメバチ(体長25~45mm程度)、コガタスズメバチ(体長22~30mm程度)、キイロスズメバチ(17~28mm程度)の攻撃性の高い肉食系ハチのハチ捕獲効果に優れていることが改めて確認された。
As shown in Table 4 and FIG. 1, the bee trap containing the bee trap of the present invention (Example 3) was able to capture more bees in the early stages of the first to second week than the commercial product of the reference example. It was confirmed that the effect was very good, and that about 1.7 times as many bees could be captured by the fourth week. This result is considered to be due to the fact that the bee-trapping agent of the present invention contains, as an active ingredient, a surfactant that has excellent penetrating power and takes a short time to kill bees. Moreover, the bee-trapping agent of the present invention (Example 3) has the effect of causing the dead bees to settle in the bee-trapping agent. Therefore, it is thought that the number of bees caught increased steadily from the initial stage of the start of the capture.
When the inside of the bee trap was actually observed, it was found that the bees trapped in the bee trap of the present invention were drowning on the bottom of the trap. Flies were also captured, and their carcasses were all floating on the surface of the captured liquid. As a result, the dead bodies floating on the surface of the trapping liquid covered the surface of the liquid. Since the bee trap of the present invention also sediments the carcasses of other insects such as moths and flies that have been captured, it is possible to obtain an excellent bee trapping effect over a long period of time without interfering with the trapping of new bees and their drowning. can be useful.
Furthermore, the commercially available product of the reference example had the drawback that the fruit flies spawned, and a large number of the fruit flies were generated in the trap, resulting in an unsightly appearance. On the other hand, in the bee trap of the present invention, the captured flies are quickly drowned and the carcasses settle, so that there is no large outbreak of flies due to spawning, and it is clear that the bee trap can be used continuously with a clean appearance. became.
In addition, as shown in Table 5, the bee trap containing the bee trap of the present invention (Example 3) has a larger size than the commercial product of the reference example, the giant hornet (about 25 to 45 mm in body length), the hornet (about 22 mm in body length), ~30 mm) and yellow hornets (approximately 17 to 28 mm), which are highly aggressive carnivorous bees.
本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、ハチが致死するまでの時間が短いため、ハチ捕獲器からハチが脱出することもなく、優れたハチ捕獲効果を発揮する。しかも、本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、ハチの死骸がハチ捕獲剤の液中に沈降するため、ハチ捕獲剤の液面にハチの死骸が浮いて、別のハチの足場となって脱出を促すことや、別のハチのハチ捕獲剤への接触を妨げることがないため、効率的にハチを捕獲することができ有用である。
また、本発明のハチ捕獲剤は、捕獲されたハチ以外の昆虫も溺死し死骸が沈降するため、例えば、コバエ類の大量発生等もなく、長期間にわたり優れたハチ捕獲効果とともに、美観をも維持することができる。
The bee-trapping agent of the present invention exhibits an excellent bee-trapping effect without the escape of bees from the bee trap because it takes only a short time to kill the bees. Moreover, in the bee-trapping agent of the present invention, the dead bees settle in the liquid of the bee-trapping agent, so that the dead bees float on the liquid surface of the bee-trapping agent, serving as a foothold for other bees to facilitate their escape. This is useful because it does not prevent other bees from coming into contact with the bee-trapping agent, so that bees can be efficiently captured.
In addition, since the bee-trapping agent of the present invention drowns insects other than the trapped bees and the carcasses settle, for example, there is no large-scale outbreak of small flies, etc., and the bee-trapping agent has an excellent bee-trapping effect over a long period of time, as well as a beautiful appearance. can be maintained.
Claims (3)
界面活性剤(A)は、浸透力が2000秒以下のものであることを特徴とするハチ捕獲剤。 A bee trap containing the following surfactant (A) as an active ingredient,
Surfactant (A) is a bee-trapping agent characterized by having a penetration power of 2000 seconds or less.
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JP3751556B2 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2006-03-01 | 花王株式会社 | Cleaning composition for clothing |
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JP7295165B2 (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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