JP2023022588A - Method for producing grape seedling - Google Patents

Abstract

To increase a success rate in producing a grape seedling by a graft.SOLUTION: A method for producing grape seedling comprises: a preparation process of preparing a rootstock and a scion; a graft-seedling creating process of grafting the rootstock and the scion to create a graft-seedling; a callus forming process of forming callus for the whole circumference of a grafted part of the graft-seedling; and a planting process of planting the graft-seedling on which the callus was formed, where the callus forming process includes a first callus forming process in which the graft-seedling is stored at least for three weeks or more under the environment that day average temperature is 1 to 10°C and day average humidity is 80% or more.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to methods for producing grape seedlings.

Grapes are a plant that easily roots from cuttings, but a method of cultivating grafted seedlings using pest-resistant rootstocks is also used.
Patent Literature 1 discloses a grafting method for taking root of woody plants such as fruit trees and other fruit vegetables. The purpose of this grafting method is to allow a large number of grafted seedlings to take root efficiently and reliably after grafting. The bat-like container is placed in a stick-like container in which the temperature, humidity, amount of light, etc. are adjusted, and the spliced part is fixed.

JP-A-07-250565

In the conventional grape grafting production method, germination and rooting growth are considered to be the factors that most affect the growth of grafted seedlings. ing. However, germination and rooting growth do not necessarily correlate with the success rate of grafted seedling production. Therefore, the current situation is that the success rate of grafted seedling production is not necessarily high.
Although the rooting method of grafted trees described in Patent Document 1 enables mass production of grafted seedlings, it is still within the realm of conventional cultivation methods that give priority to germination and root growth.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to increase the success rate of producing grape seedlings by grafting.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the grape seedling production method according to the present disclosure includes a preparation step of preparing a rootstock and a scion, and a grafting of creating a grafted seedling by grafting the rootstock and the scion. A seedling forming step, a callus forming step of forming callus along the entire circumference of the grafted portion of the grafted seedling, and a planting step of planting the grafted seedling on which the callus is formed, wherein the callus forming step is A first callus-forming step of storing the grafted seedlings for a period of at least 3 weeks or more in an environment with an average daily temperature of 1 to 10° C. and an average daily humidity of 80% or higher.
In this specification, "humidity" means relative humidity.

According to one aspect of the method for producing grape seedlings according to the present disclosure, as the callus formation step, after the grafted seedling creation step, the germination and rooting of the rootstock and scion are suppressed, and the formation of callus is prioritized. Since one callus forming step is included, callus can be formed over the entire circumference of the joint. As a result, the rootstock and the scion can be almost completely fused together, so that the success rate of growing the grafted seedling can be increased.

It is process drawing which shows the production method of the grape seedling which concerns on one Embodiment. (A) is a schematic front view of a rootstock according to one embodiment, and (B) is a schematic front view of a scion according to one embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic front view showing a grafted seedling creation process according to one embodiment. 1 is a schematic front view showing a grafted portion of a grafted seedling according to one embodiment; FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a grafted seedling planted in soil in a planting process according to one embodiment. FIG. 1 is a front view of a grafted seedling produced and shipped in one embodiment. FIG. It is a process chart showing an example of a conventional method for producing grafted seedlings.

Several embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described in these embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and are merely illustrative examples. It's nothing more than
For example, expressions denoting relative or absolute arrangements such as "in a direction", "along a direction", "parallel", "perpendicular", "center", "concentric" or "coaxial" are strictly not only represents such an arrangement, but also represents a state of relative displacement with a tolerance or an angle or distance to the extent that the same function can be obtained.
For example, expressions such as "identical", "equal", and "homogeneous", which express that things are in the same state, not only express the state of being strictly equal, but also have tolerances or differences to the extent that the same function can be obtained. It shall also represent the existing state.
For example, expressions that express shapes such as squares and cylinders do not only represent shapes such as squares and cylinders in a geometrically strict sense, but also include irregularities and chamfers to the extent that the same effect can be obtained. The shape including the part etc. shall also be represented.
On the other hand, the expressions "comprising", "comprising", "having", "including", or "having" one component are not exclusive expressions excluding the presence of other components.

FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a method for producing grape seedlings according to one embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the production method according to the present embodiment has, as basic steps, a preparation step S10 for preparing a rootstock and a scion, a grafted seedling creation step S20, a callus formation step S30, and a planting step S40. are doing. In the preparation step S10, a rootstock and a scion are prepared, and in a grafted seedling creation step S20, the rootstock and the scion are grafted to form a grafted seedling. Then, in the callus forming step S30, callus is formed over the entire circumference of the grafted portion of the grafted seedling. Next, in the planting step S40, the grafted seedling with callus formed along the entire perimeter of the grafted portion is planted in soil, and the grafted seedling is allowed to grow until it can be shipped. Around November, the grafted seedlings, in which the branches and roots have grown, the leaves have fallen and the branches have become woody, are shipped.

The present inventors gave priority to the formation of callus formed at the grafted portion of the grafted seedling over the growth of germination and rooting during the period before and after the grafted seedling creation step S20, and It was thought that by forming callus, the rootstock and the scion were completely fused together, thereby improving the success rate of growing smoothly without withering. Callus, also translated as wound tissue, is an amorphous cell mass formed at an injured site. Formation of callus causes fusion between the rootstock and the scion. That is, cambium, xylem, and phloem tissue of each rootstock and scion can be connected (coalesced). Callus formation is promoted by growth-promoting hormones such as auxin and cytokinin.

The callus formation step S30 has a first callus formation step S30 (S30a). In the first callus forming step S30 (S30a), the grafted seedling created in the grafted seedling creating step S20 is heated to an average daily temperature of 1 to 10°C (preferably 3 to 7°C) and an average daily humidity (relative humidity) of 80% or more. (preferably 90% or more) for a period of at least 3 weeks or longer. By storing the grafted seedlings in such a low-temperature, high-humidity environment, the grafted seedlings are kept in a dormant state, and germination and rooting of the grafted seedlings are suppressed. Therefore, the growth-promoting hormone secreted by the grafted seedling is preferentially spent on the formation of callus without being spent on germination and rooting. Therefore, callus can be formed over the entire circumference of the joint. As a result, the rootstock and the scion are almost completely fused together, and the success rate of growing the grafted seedling can be increased.

In one embodiment, in the preparation step S10, the rootstock and the scion can be prepared by purchasing the rootstock and the scion from a rootstock and scion producer. Stocking is usually done around December, and around November the rootstock and scion whose leaves have fallen and the stems have become woody are purchased from producers.
Further, for example, the grafted seedling creation step S20 is performed in February to March, and the planting step S40 is performed after May.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, after the rootstock and scions are prepared in the preparation step S10 and before the grafted seedling creation step S20, the rootstock is cut to the appropriate length for grafting. A cut sprout removal step S14 is performed for cutting and further picking up the sprouts. The cut and bud removing step S14 is performed around December to January.

(A) and (B) of FIG. 2 are schematic front views showing an example of the shape of the rootstock and the scion in the grafted seedling creation step S20. Generally, rootstocks and scions are procured from producers in such a state that the length of the rootstock is about 20 to 30 cm and the length of the scion is about 30 to 40 cm.
As shown in FIG. 2(A), in the cutting and sprout removing step S14, the rootstock is cut into about 20 to 30 cm lengths with nodes having buds 12 near both ends of the branch base 10a and the branch tip 10b. Furthermore, the buds 12 present near both ends of the branch base 10a and the branch tip 10b are picked. A large amount of growth-promoting hormone is secreted in the vicinity of the node where the bud 12 was located, and after the planting step S40, rooting occurs from the plucked bud 12 near the branch base 10a. In the grafted seedling preparation step S20, the grafted portion is formed near the plucked bud 12 near the branch tip portion 10b, so that the secretion of the growth-promoting hormone at the grafted portion 30 can be promoted.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2(B), the scion 20 is cut at the branch base side and the branch tip side near the knot with one bud 22 left. For example, 2 to 3 cm on the branch base side and 1 cm on the branch tip side of the bud 22 are left. In the grafted seedling producing step S20, the scions 20 cut at the base of the branches are used (having the shape shown in FIG. 3, which will be described later). In this way, in the grafted seedling preparation step S20, since the grafted portion is formed near the node where the sprout 22 exists, the grafted portion can be made to secrete a large amount of growth-promoting hormone. can promote the formation of

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view showing the rootstock 10 and scion 20 in the grafted seedling creation step S20. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the grafting portion 30 of the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 is formed with a flat graft surface perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rootstock 10 or the scion 20. . At the center of the joint surface, a recess 32a is formed in the rootstock 10 and a protrusion 32b is formed in the scion 20, and the recess 32a and the protrusion 32b have shapes that can be fitted to each other. A grafted seedling 34 is prepared by fitting the convex portion 32b into the concave portion 32a, bringing the flat joint surfaces on both sides of the concave portion 32a and the convex portion 32b into contact, and fixing the joint portion 30 by winding a tape or the like.
Thus, by forming the uneven portion, the area of the joint surface between the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 can be enlarged. In particular, since the area where the cambial layer of the rootstock 10 and the cambium of the scion 20 formed near the outer surface are bonded can be enlarged, the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 can be fused together and the take rate can be improved.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the joint surface of the rootstock 10 is formed with a concave portion 32a, and the joint surface of the scion 20 is formed with a convex portion 32b. , and a recess 32a may be formed in the joint surface of the scion 20. As shown in FIG.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the concave portion 32a and the convex portion 32b have cross sections of the same shape consistently in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis direction of the rootstock 10 and the scion 20. . As a result, the concave portions 32a and the convex portions 32b can be easily formed by punching with a machine blade.

In one embodiment, as the first callus formation step S30 (S30a), the grafted seedling 34 is stored in a bat-shaped container filled with water in an upright state, and only the base (root portion) of the grafted seedling 34 is immersed in water. . The depth of water is, for example, about 3 to 5 cm. Then, the grafted seedling 34 is stored in a refrigerator and kept in an environment with an average daily temperature of 1 to 10° C. (preferably 3 to 7° C.) and an average daily humidity of 80% or higher (preferably 90% or higher) for at least 3 weeks. Store for the above period. The grafted seedling 34 is covered with canvas cloth so as not to be directly exposed to the cold air of the refrigerator. As a result, the grafted seedling 34 can be maintained in a dormant state, and germination and rooting can be suppressed. Therefore, since the growth-promoting hormone that is used for germination and rooting can be preferentially used for callus formation, callus can be formed over the entire circumference of the joint 30 .

FIG. 7 is a process chart showing an example of a conventional method for producing grafted seedlings.
In FIG. 7, in the conventional method, the preparation step S010 is performed around December, the cut sprout removal step S014 is performed from December to January, and the planting step S040 is performed around May. The grafted seedling creation step S020 is usually carried out early from December to January with the aim of mass-producing grafted seedlings.

In the conventional method, after the grafted seedling preparation step S020, sawdust generated during lumbering is spread inside a wooden box, and the grafted seedling 34 is stored in the meantime (storage step S030). Therefore, since the temperature and humidity are not controlled, the management prioritizing callus formation over germination and rooting of the grafted seedling 34 is not performed. Therefore, germination and rooting are prioritized, and the growth-promoting hormone is spent for germination and rooting, resulting in insufficient callus formation.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the scion 20 has a length Ls of 20 mm or less from the sprout 22 of the scion 20 to the graft portion 30 in the longitudinal direction before the grafted seedling creation step S20. is formed as As a result, a large amount of growth-promoting hormone is secreted in the vicinity of the sprout 22 in the scion 20 , and the secreted growth-promoting hormone promotes callus formation at the joint 30 .
Preferably, the length L is formed within 10 mm. As a result, more growth-promoting hormone is secreted into the joint 30, and callus formation at the joint 30 is further promoted.

The conventional grafted seedling creation step S020 is performed using a machine, or by the experience of a craftsman using a knife. It is not fixed within 20 mm below the sprout 22 and is scattered. Therefore, when the joint 30 is located away from the sprout 22, the joint 30 cannot increase the secretion of the growth-promoting hormone.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view showing a grafted portion 30 of a grafted seedling 34, showing a state in which callus 36 is formed on the grafted portion 30. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, through the grafted seedling preparation step S20, callus 36 having a thickness Lc of 1.0 mm or more (preferably 2.0 mm or more) is formed on the grafted portion 30 all the way around the grafted portion 30 in the circumferential direction. is formed over
When the callus 36 having a thickness Lc of 1.0 mm or more is formed along the entire circumference of the joint portion 30, the entire joint surface of the joint portion 30 is substantially completely fused. Therefore, it is possible to produce grape saplings that are less likely to die during the growing process after the planting step S40.
FIG. 4 shows the state after the second callus formation step S30 (S30b), which will be described later, in which sprouts 22 are slightly growing on scions 20, but germination has not occurred under the second callus formation step S30 (S30b). growth is constrained.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the second callus forming step S30 (S30b) is performed after the first callus forming step S30 (S30a). In the second callus formation step S30 (S30b), the grafted seedling 34 is stored in the shade for a period of at least 1 week and no more than 3 weeks (for example, 10 to 14 days) in an environment with an average daily temperature of 20 to 30°C. .
As used herein, "storage in the shade" means storage in an environment that is not exposed to direct sunlight for most of the day, and is exposed to direct sunlight for 30 minutes or less per day.

In this way, by performing the second callus formation step S30 (S30b) after the first callus formation step S30 (30a), callus formation can be prioritized over the growth of the grafted seedling 34 by germination and rooting. Formation can be promoted.

In one embodiment, as the second callus formation step S30 (S30b), the grafted seedlings 34 that have undergone the first callus formation step S30 (30a) are placed in a bat-shaped container filled with water and placed in a water-filled bat-like container. Allow to acclimate to a temperature of about 20°C over the course of the day. Next, the inside of the greenhouse is gradually heated to about 30° C. and stored for 1 to 2 weeks. During this period, callus formation can be prioritized over germination and rooting growth of the grafted seedling 34, and callus formation can be promoted.

On the other hand, in the conventional method, after the grafted seedling creation step S020, the warming step S032 is performed around March through the storage step S030. As shown in FIG. 7, in the heating step S032, the grafted seedling 34 is grown for about one month in a greenhouse equipped with a heat transfer hotbed and maintained at a temperature of 30° C. or higher. Instead, the soil is maintained at a high temperature, which promotes germination and root growth rather than callus formation.

In one embodiment, the third callus forming step S30 (S30c) is performed after the second callus forming step S30 (S30b). In the third callus formation step S30 (S30c), the grafted seedlings 34 are stored for at least 24 hours or longer with the roots of the grafted seedlings 34 being submerged in water.
In the third callus formation step S30 (S30c), by soaking the root portion of the grafted seedling 34 in water and storing it, it is possible to promote the secretion of growth-promoting hormones such as auxin and cytokinin in the grafted portion 30, thereby promoting their growth. Promoting hormones promote callus formation.
For example, the storage period may be 24-48 hours to promote callus formation during this period.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the grafted seedling 34 is stored in a bat-like container in an upright state, and the root portion of the grafted seedling 34 is submerged in water for 24 hours or more. As a result, secretion of growth-promoting hormones such as auxin and cytokinin can be promoted in the joint 30, and callus formation is promoted by these growth-promoting hormones.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the conventional method, a step corresponding to the third callus forming step S30 (S30c) is not performed.

In one embodiment, in the process diagram shown in FIG. Store in an environment of 1 to 10° C. (preferably 3 to 7° C.) and an average daily humidity of 80% or more (preferably 90% or more) (rootstock/scion storage step S12).

From the preparation step S10 to the grafted seedling creation step S20, by storing the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 in the above environment in the rootstock/scission storage step S12, the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 are germinated and Can inhibit rooting. As a result, the growth-promoting hormone used for germination and rooting of the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 can be used for forming the callus 36 after the grafted seedling preparation step S20. Therefore, callus formation can be promoted at the joint 30 .

In one embodiment, as the rootstock/scion storage step S12, a first rootstock/scion storage having the same environmental conditions as the rootstock/scion storage step S12 is performed between the preparation step S10 and the cut sprout removal step S14. Step S12 (S12a) is performed.
In one embodiment, as the rootstock/scion storage step S12, a second machine having the same environmental conditions as the rootstock/scion storage step S12 is provided between the cutting sprout removal step S14 and the grafted seedling creation step S20. A tree/scion storage step S12 (S12b) is performed.

In one embodiment, as the first rootstock/scion storage step S12 (S12a), the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 are cut into short lengths, and the rootstock 10 is placed in a bat-shaped container filled with water. Then, the scion 20 is stored for a predetermined time while the base (branch base) of the scion 20 is immersed in water. After that, the rootstock 10 and scions 20 are put in a plastic bag and stored in a refrigerator, and the average daily temperature is 1 to 10°C (preferably 3 to 7°C) and the average daily humidity is 80% or more (preferably 90% or more). ).

In one embodiment, as the second rootstock/scion storage step S12 (S12b), after the cut sprout step S14, a plurality of bundled rootstocks 10 are placed upright in a water tank filled with water. The branch roots 10a of the trees 10 are arranged in a state of being soaked in water. Then, these rootstocks 10 are covered with a vinyl sheet, stored in a refrigerator so as not to be directly exposed to cold air, and stored in an environment with an average daily temperature of 1 to 10° C. and an average daily humidity of 80% or more.

On the other hand, in the conventional method, the period between the preparation step S010 of preparing the rootstock and the scion and the cut sprout removal step S014, and the period between the cut sprout removal step S014 and the grafted seedling creation step S020 are different in terms of temperature and humidity. It is stored without being managed (storage steps S012 and S016). For example, in the storage step S012, the rootstock 10 is stored buried in the ground, and in the storage step S016, the rootstock 10 is stored in the sawdust generated during lumbering.
Therefore, unlike the rootstock/scion storage step S12, the step does not give priority to the formation of callus.

In one embodiment, before the first callus formation step S30 (S30a) or in parallel with the first callus formation step S30 (S30a), a portion of the grafted seedling 34 including at least the grafted portion 30 contains a growth-promoting hormone. Then, a first protective film is formed (first protective film forming step S22).
By the first protective film forming step S22, drying of the grafted seedling 34 including at least the grafted portion 30 can be suppressed, and mold growth can be suppressed. Also, after the planting step S40, it is possible to prevent the joint portion 30 from being soaked in rainwater or the like. Furthermore, since the first protective film contains a growth-promoting hormone, callus formation can be promoted at least at the joint 30 .

Wax, for example, can be used as the first protective film. Waxes include, for example, paraffin wax and other waxes. The wax can be easily melted in hot water, and can be easily attached to the joint 30 or the like in the melted state. In addition, it has waterproof, moisture-proof, heat-storage properties, etc., and is suitable as a protective film for grafted seedlings.

Also in the conventional method, after the grafted seedling creating step S020, the step S022 similar to the first protective film forming step S22 is performed.

In one embodiment, after the third callus formation step S30 (S30c), which is the last callus formation step S30, and before the planting step S40, at least the grafted portion 30 of the grafted seedling 34, as shown in FIG. A second protective film is formed (second protective film forming step S32). In the second protective film forming step S32, for example, a protective film containing no growth-promoting hormone is used as the second protective film. Therefore, protective tape or the like may be wrapped around at least the joint portion 30 .
By applying the second protective film to at least the grafted portion 30 of the grafted seedling 34 in the second protective film forming step S32, at least the grafted portion 30 can be protected from direct sunlight after the planting step S40.

In one embodiment, in the first protective film forming step S22 and the second protective film forming step S32, a region of 5 to 10 cm in the longitudinal direction from the joint 30 of the rootstock 10 and the entire scion 20 are coated with the second protective film. be coated with This protects the area covered by the second protective film from drying out, rain water, mildew or direct sunlight. Since the sprouts 22 and callus 36 grow through the second protective film, the second protective film does not harm the growth of the sprouts 22 and callus 36 .

In one embodiment, as the first protective film or the second protective film, a protective film such as wax that can be melted by means such as a hot water bath is used, and the protective film is melted in a hot water bath or the like. It is necessary to coat the melted protective film at a temperature of 80° C. or less so as not to burn the grafted seedling 34 .

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, after the second protective film forming step S32, as a step prior to the planting step S40, the grafted seedlings 34 are stored in a bat-shaped container filled with water and shaded from the sun. The outside air acclimatization step S34 may be performed by covering the plant with a cloth made of canvas fabric and putting it outside for one to two weeks while observing the climate and the growth of the grafted seedling 34 to allow it to acclimatize to the outside air. In this step, it is confirmed that the growing activity of the grafted seedling 34 has resumed before being planted in the soil.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the grafted seedling 34 planted in soil in the planting step S40.
In one embodiment, in the planting step S40, about one week before planting, as shown in FIG. let's go

FIG. 6 is a front view showing the grafted seedling 40 for shipping, which grew smoothly after the planting step S40 performed around May, and was dug out of the soil for shipment around November and the soil was removed. In the grafted seedling 40 for shipment shown in FIG. 6, roots 42 and branches grow smoothly, leaves fall off around November, and the stem becomes woody to protect the inside of the stem.

As described above, in the conventional method, since the growth of the grafted seedling is regarded as an important element of germination and rooting, the formation of callus at the grafted portion 30 is not sufficient. , remains at 20-30%. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the callus formation step S30 is performed throughout the production process, 40 to 60% of the grafted seedlings take root at the grafted portion 30 and become the grafted seedlings 40 for shipping. Growing.

The contents described in each of the above embodiments are understood as follows, for example.

1) A grape seedling production method according to one aspect includes a preparation step (S10) of preparing a rootstock (10) and a scion (20), and grafting the rootstock (10) and the scion (20). a grafted seedling producing step (S20) for producing a grafted seedling (34); and a callus forming step (S30) for forming a callus (36) over the entire circumference of the grafted portion (30) of the grafted seedling (34). , and a planting step (S40) of planting the grafted seedling (34) on which the callus (36) is formed, wherein the callus forming step (S30) includes the step of planting the grafted seedling (34) at an average daily temperature of 1 to First callus forming step (S30 (S30a)) of storing for at least 3 weeks in an environment of 10° C. (preferably 3 to 7° C.) and an average daily humidity of 80% or higher (preferably 90% or higher). including.

According to such a configuration, as the first callus formation step (S30 (S30a)), the grafted seedling (34) is stored in a dormant state under the low temperature and high humidity environment. As a result, the germination and rooting of the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) can be suppressed, and the growth-promoting hormones used for the germination and rooting of the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) can be suppressed. Growth-promoting hormones can be spent preferentially on callus (36) formation. In this way, by giving priority to the formation of the callus (36), by forming the callus (36) over the entire circumference of the joint (30), the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) are almost completely formed. , the success rate of growing grafted seedlings can be increased.

2) A method for producing grape seedlings according to another aspect is the method for producing grape seedlings according to 1), wherein the callus formation step (S30) is performed after the first callus formation step (S30 (S30a)) and a second callus formation step (S30 (S30b)) of storing the grafted seedling (34) in a shaded environment with an average daily temperature of 20 to 30° C. for at least one week and not more than three weeks.

According to such a configuration, by performing the second callus formation step (S30 (S30b)) after the first callus formation step (S30 (S30a)), the grafted seedling (34) continues to germinate and grow roots. Callus formation can be prioritized, thereby promoting callus formation.

3) A method for producing grape seedlings according to yet another aspect is the method for producing grape seedlings according to 2), wherein the callus formation step (S30) is performed after the second callus formation step (S30 (S30b)) and a third callus forming step (S30 (S30c)) of storing the grafted seedling (34) in water for at least 24 hours or more.

According to such a configuration, the third callus formation step (S30 (S30c)) can promote the secretion of growth-promoting hormones such as auxin and cytokinin, and these growth-promoting hormones continue to form callus (36). can promote

4) A grape sapling production method according to yet another aspect is the grape sapling production method according to any one of 1) to 3), wherein the rootstock (10) prepared in the preparation step (S10) and the The scion (20) is kept at an average daily temperature of 1 to 10° C. (preferably 3 to 7° C. and an average daily humidity of 80% or more (preferably 90% or more) until the step of creating a grafted seedling (S20). It further comprises a rootstock/scion storage step (S12) for storing in a different environment.

According to such a configuration, the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) are stored under the low-temperature and high-humidity environment in the step prior to the grafted seedling creation step (S20) by the rootstock/scion storage step (S12). ), the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) can be kept in a dormant state, and germination and rooting of the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) can be suppressed. As a result, the growth-promoting hormone can be used for callus formation at the grafted portion (30) after the grafted seedling preparation step (S20), and callus formation can be promoted.

5) A method for producing grape seedlings according to yet another aspect is the method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of 1) to 4), in which the first callus formation step (S30 (S30a)) is performed before or, In parallel with the first callus forming step (S30 (S30a)), a first protective film containing a growth-promoting hormone is formed on a site including at least the grafted portion (30) of the grafted seedling (34). A protective film forming step (S22) is further provided.

According to such a configuration, it is possible to suppress the drying of the part including at least the grafted portion (30) of the grafted seedling (34), and to suppress the growth of mold on the grafted portion (30), and the planting step (S40). Later, it can be prevented from being soaked in rainwater or the like. In addition, since the first protective film contains a growth-promoting hormone, formation of callus (36) by the growth-promoting hormone can be promoted.

6) A method for producing grape seedlings according to yet another aspect is the method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of 1) to 5), wherein after the callus formation step (S30) and the planting step (S40 ), a second protective film forming step (S32) of applying a second protective film to a portion including at least the grafted portion (30) of the grafted seedling (34).

According to such a configuration, by applying the second protective film to at least the grafted portion (30) of the grafted seedling (34) in the second protective film forming step (S32), the planting step (S40) allows the second protective film to be applied to the soil in the planting step (S40). At least the grafted portion (30) of the planted grafted seedling (34) can be protected from direct sunlight. This allows stable growth of the grafted seedling (34) planted in the soil.

7) A method for producing grape seedlings according to yet another aspect is the method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of 1) to 6), wherein in the planting step (S40), the callus having a thickness of 1.0 mm or more ( 36) is planted with the grafted seedling (34) formed all around.

According to such a configuration, the grafted seedling (34) to be planted in the soil in the planting step (S40) has the callus (36) having a thickness of 1.0 mm or more formed along the entire circumference of the grafted portion (30). Therefore, the joint portion (30) is completely fused over almost the entire joint surface. Therefore, the grape sapling can be grown without withering.

8) A method for producing grape seedlings according to yet another aspect is the method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of 1) to 7), wherein in the grafted seedling creation step (S20), the grafting part (30) is , is formed within 20 mm on the branch base side from the bud present on the scion (20).

According to such a configuration, in the scions (20), the joint (30) is formed near the sprout where growth-promoting hormone secretion is active, so the growth-promoting hormone is produced near the joint (30). abundantly secreted. Then, the secreted growth-promoting hormone can promote the formation of callus (36).

10 rootstock 10a base (branch base)
10b branch tip 12 sprout 20 scion 20a base (branch base)
20b branch tip 22 sprout 30 graft 32a recess 32b projection 34 grafted seedling 36 callus 40 grafted seedling for shipping 42 root 44 branch 50 black mulch S10 preparation step S12 rootstock/scion storage step S12 (12a) 1st unit Tree/scion storage step S12 (12b) Second rootstock/scion storage step S14 Cut sprout removal step S20 Grafted seedling creation step S22 First paraffin application step S30 Callus formation step S30 (30a) First callus formation step S30 ( 30b) Second callus formation step S30 (30c) Third callus formation step S012, S016, S030 Storage step S32 Second paraffin coating step S032 Heating step S34 Air acclimation step
S40, S040 planting process

(A) and (B) of FIG. 2 are schematic front views showing an example of the shape of the rootstock and the scion in the grafted seedling creation step S20. Generally, rootstocks and scions are procured from producers in such a state that the length of the rootstock is about 20 to 30 cm and the length of the scion is about 30 to 40 cm.
As shown in FIG. 2(A), in the cutting and sprout removing step S14, the rootstock 10 is cut into a length of about 20 to 30 cm with nodes having buds 12 near both ends of the branch base portion 10a and the branch tip portion 10b. It is cut into thin pieces, and the buds 12 present near both ends of the branch base 10a and the branch tip 10b are picked. A large amount of growth-promoting hormone is secreted in the vicinity of the node where the bud 12 was located, and after the planting step S40, rooting occurs from the plucked bud 12 near the branch base 10a. In the grafted seedling preparation step S20, the grafted portion 30 (see FIG. 3) is formed near the plucked bud 12 near the branch tip portion 10b, so that the secretion of the growth-promoting hormone at the grafted portion 30 can be promoted.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the scion 20 has a length Ls of 20 mm or less from the sprout 22 of the scion 20 to the graft portion 30 in the longitudinal direction before the grafted seedling creation step S20. is formed as As a result, a large amount of growth-promoting hormone is secreted in the vicinity of the sprout 22 in the scion 20 , and the secreted growth-promoting hormone promotes callus formation at the joint 30 .
Preferably, the length Ls is formed within 10 mm. As a result, more growth-promoting hormone is secreted into the joint 30, and callus formation at the joint 30 is further promoted.

Claims (8)

A preparatory step of preparing a rootstock and a scion;
a grafted seedling creating step of creating a grafted seedling by grafting the rootstock and the scion;
a callus forming step of forming callus along the entire circumference of the grafted portion of the grafted seedling;
a planting step of planting the grafted seedling on which the callus has been formed;
The callus formation step includes a first callus formation step of storing the grafted seedlings for a period of at least 3 weeks or more in an environment with an average daily temperature of 1 to 10 ° C. and an average daily humidity of 80% or more. Method for producing grape seedlings. . In the callus formation step, after the first callus formation step, the grafted seedlings are stored in a shaded environment with an average daily temperature of 20 to 30° C. for a period of at least one week and not more than three weeks to form a second callus. The method for producing grape seedlings according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: 3. The grape seedling according to claim 2, wherein the callus forming step further comprises a third callus forming step of storing the root portion of the grafted seedling in water for at least 24 hours after the second callus forming step. production method. The rootstock and scion prepared in the preparation step are stored in an environment with an average daily temperature of 1 to 10 ° C. and an average daily humidity of 80% or more until the grafted seedling creation step. The method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a storage step. Before the first callus-forming step or in parallel with the first callus-forming step, a first protective film containing a growth-promoting hormone is formed on a portion of the grafted seedling including at least the grafted portion. The method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a film forming step. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising, after the callus forming step and before the planting step, a second protective film forming step of forming a second protective film on a portion of the grafted seedling including at least the grafted portion. A method for producing a grape sapling according to any one of the items. The method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the planting step, the grafted seedling in which the callus having a thickness of 1.0 mm or more is formed over the entire circumference is planted. 8. The method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the step of creating a grafted seedling, the grafted portion is formed within 20 mm on the branch base side from a bud present on the scion.

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