JP6993753B1 - How to produce grape saplings - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the success rate when producing grape saplings by grafting. SOLUTION: A preparatory step for preparing a rootstock and a scion, a grafted seedling making step for grafting a rootstock and a scion to create a grafted seedling, and a callus being formed over the entire circumference of the grafted portion of the grafted seedling. The callus forming step comprises a callus forming step and a planting step of planting the grafted seedlings on which the callus is formed. Includes a first callus forming step of storage for a period of at least 3 weeks. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to a method for producing grape saplings.

Grape is a plant that is easy to root with cuttings, but a method of cultivating grafted seedlings using a rootstock that is resistant to pests is also used.
Patent Document 1 discloses a method for grafting grafts on woody plants of fruit trees such as grapes and other fruits and vegetables. This grafting method aims to efficiently and surely take root of a large amount of grafted seedlings after grafting. The grafted seedlings are placed in an upright position and a large number of grafted seedlings are brought close to a bat-shaped container filled with water at the bottom. The bat-shaped container is leaned against a bat-shaped container with the base in contact with water, and the bat-shaped container is stored in a survival promoting device whose temperature, humidity, light amount, etc. are adjusted so that the grafted portion is allowed to survive.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 07-250565

In the conventional method of grafting grapes, germination and rooting growth are considered to be the most influential factors on the growth of grafted seedlings. Therefore, a growing method that prioritizes germination and rooting growth before and after the grafting process is adopted. ing. However, the growth of germination and rooting and the success rate of grafted seedling production do not always correlate, and even if the growth of germination and rooting is good, the seedlings may die thereafter. Therefore, the success rate of grafted seedling production is not always high.
The grafted tree rooting method described in Patent Document 1 is capable of mass production of grafted seedlings, but is not beyond the conventional growing method that prioritizes germination and rooting growth.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to increase the success rate when producing grape saplings by grafting.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the method for producing vine seedlings according to the present disclosure is a preparatory step for preparing a rootstock and a scion, and a graft for grafting the rootstock and the scion to create a grafted seedling. The seedling preparation step includes a callus forming step of forming a callus over the entire circumference of the grafted portion of the grafted seedling, and a planting step of planting the grafted seedling on which the grafted seedling is formed. The first callus forming step is included in which the grafted seedlings are stored for a period of at least 3 weeks or more in an environment where the daily average temperature is 1 to 10 ° C. and the daily average humidity is 80% or more.
In this specification, "humidity" means relative humidity.

According to one aspect of the method for producing vine seedlings according to the present disclosure, as a callus forming step, after the grafted seedling making step, the germination and rooting of rootstocks and scions are suppressed, and the formation of callus is prioritized. Since one callus forming step is included, callus can be formed over the entire circumference of the joint. As a result, the rootstock and the scion can be almost completely fused, so that the success rate of grafted seedling cultivation can be increased.

It is a process drawing which shows the production method of the grape sapling which concerns on one Embodiment. (A) is a schematic front view of a rootstock according to one embodiment, and (B) is a schematic front view of a scion according to one embodiment. It is a schematic front view which shows the grafted seedling making process which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a schematic front view which shows the grafted part of the grafted seedling which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the grafted seedling planted in the soil in the planting process which concerns on one Embodiment. In one embodiment, it is a front view of a grafted seedling produced and shipped. It is a process drawing which shows an example of the production method of the conventional grafted seedling.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described in these embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to this, and are merely explanatory examples. It's just that.
For example, expressions that represent relative or absolute arrangements such as "in one direction", "along a certain direction", "parallel", "orthogonal", "center", "concentric" or "coaxial" are exact. Not only does it represent such an arrangement, but it also represents a tolerance or a state of relative displacement at an angle or distance to the extent that the same function can be obtained.
For example, expressions such as "same", "equal", and "homogeneous" that indicate that things are in the same state not only represent exactly the same state, but also have tolerances or differences to the extent that the same function can be obtained. It shall also represent the existing state.
For example, the expression representing a shape such as a quadrangular shape or a cylindrical shape not only represents a shape such as a quadrangular shape or a cylindrical shape in a geometrically strict sense, but also an uneven portion or a chamfer within the range where the same effect can be obtained. It shall also represent the shape including the part and the like.
On the other hand, the expressions "to have", "to have", "to have", "to include", or "to have" one component are not exclusive expressions that exclude the existence of other components.

FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a method for producing grape saplings according to an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the production method according to the present embodiment includes a preparation step S10 for preparing a rootstock and a scion, a grafted seedling preparation step S20, a callus forming step S30, and a planting step S40 as basic steps. is doing. In the preparation step S10, the rootstock and the scion are prepared, and in the grafted seedling preparation step S20, the rootstock and the scion are grafted to form a grafted seedling. Then, in the callus forming step S30, callus is formed at the joint portion of the grafted seedlings over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction. Next, in the planting step S40, the grafted seedlings having callus formed over the entire circumference are planted in the soil, and the grafted seedlings are grown until they can be shipped. Around November, grafted seedlings with branches and roots growing, leaves falling and branches becoming woody will be shipped.

The present inventors prioritize the formation of callus formed at the grafted portion of the grafted seedling over the germination and rooting growth during the period before and after the grafted seedling preparation step S20, and cover the entire circumference of the grafted portion in the circumferential direction. By forming callus, the rootstock and scion were completely fused, and it was thought that this would improve the success rate of successful growth without dying. Callus, also translated as healing tissue, is an amorphous cell mass formed at the injured site. By forming the callus, the rootstock and the scion are fused. That is, it is possible to connect (fuse) the cambium, the xylem, and the phloem tissue of each of the rootstock and the scion. Callus is promoted by growth-promoting hormones such as auxin and cytokinin.

The callus forming step S30 has a first callus forming step S30 (S30a). In the first callus forming step S30 (S30a), the grafted seedlings prepared in the grafted seedling preparation step S20 have a daily average temperature of 1 to 10 ° C. (preferably 3 to 7 ° C.) and a daily average humidity (relative humidity) of 80% or more. Store in an environment of (preferably 90% or more) for a period of at least 3 weeks. By storing in such a low temperature and high humidity environment, the grafted seedlings are kept in a dormant state, and germination and rooting of the grafted seedlings are suppressed. Therefore, the growth-promoting hormone secreted by the grafted seedlings is not spent on germination and rooting, but is preferentially spent on the formation of callus. Therefore, callus can be formed over the entire circumference of the joint. As a result, the rootstock and the scion are almost completely fused, and the success rate of grafted seedlings can be increased so that the grafted seedlings can be grown without dying.

In one embodiment, in the preparation step S10, the rootstock and the scion can be prepared by purchasing the rootstock and the scion from the producer of the rootstock and the scion. Purchasing is usually carried out around December, and rootstocks and scions whose leaves have fallen and whose stems have become woody are procured from producers around November.
Further, for example, the grafted seedling preparation step S20 is performed from February to March, and the planting step S40 is performed after May.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the rootstock is set to an appropriate length for grafting after the rootstock and scion are prepared in the preparation step S10 and before the grafting seedling preparation step S20. A cut bud removing step S14 of cutting and further picking the buds is performed. The cut bud removing step S14 is performed from December to January.

2A and 2B are schematic front views showing an example of the shapes of the rootstock and the scion in the grafted seedling preparation step S20. Usually, the rootstock and the scion are purchased from the producer with the rootstock having a length of about 20 to 30 cm and the scion having a length of about 30 to 40 cm.
As shown in FIG. 2A, in the cut bud removal step S14, the rootstock 10 has a length of about 20 to 30 cm in which the rootstock 10 has nodes having buds 12 near both ends of the branch root portion 10a and the branch tip portion 10b, respectively. It is cut into small pieces, and further, the buds 12 existing near both ends of the branch root portion 10a and the branch tip portion 10b are plucked. A large amount of growth-promoting hormone is secreted in the vicinity of the node where the bud 12 was located, and rooting occurs from the trace of the bud 12 near the branch base 10a after the planting step S40. In the grafted seedling preparation step S20, since the grafted portion 30 (see FIG. 3) is formed near the trace of the bud 12 near the branch tip portion 10b, the secretion of the growth promoting hormone in the grafted portion 30 can be promoted.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2B, the scion 20 is cut at the branch root side and the branch tip side near the node where the bud 22 is located, leaving one bud 22. For example, the shape is such that 2 to 3 cm is left on the branch root side and about 1 cm on the branch tip side from the bud 22. In the grafted seedling preparation step S20, the branch root side of the scion 20 is cut into shorter pieces (the shape shown in FIG. 3 to be described later). As described above, in the grafted seedling preparation step S20, since the grafted portion is formed near the node where the bud 22 is present, a large amount of growth-promoting hormone can be secreted into the grafted portion, thereby causing callus in the grafted portion. Can promote the formation of.

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view showing the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 in the grafted seedling preparation step S20. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the joint portion 30 of the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 is formed with a flat joint surface in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis direction of the rootstock 10 or the scion 20. .. A concave portion 32a is formed in the rootstock 10 and a convex portion 32b is formed in the scion 20 at the center of the joint surface, and the concave portion 32a and the convex portion 32b have a shape that can be fitted to each other. The grafted seedling 34 is created by fitting the convex portion 32b into the concave portion 32a, contacting the flat joint surfaces on both sides of the concave portion 32a and the convex portion 32b, and wrapping tape or the like around the joint portion 30 to fix the grafted portion 32b.
By forming the uneven portion in this way, the area of the joint surface between the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 can be expanded. In particular, since the area where the rootstock 10 forming layer and the scion 20 forming layer formed near the outer surface adhere to each other can be expanded, the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 can be fused and the survival rate can be improved.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the concave portion 32a is formed on the joint surface of the rootstock 10 and the convex portion 32b is formed on the joint surface of the scion 20, but the convex portion 32b is formed on the joint surface of the rootstock 10. , And a recess 32a may be formed on the joint surface of the scion 20.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the concave portion 32a and the convex portion 32b have consistently the same cross section in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis direction of the rootstock 10 and the scion 20. .. Thereby, the concave portion 32a and the convex portion 32b can be easily formed by punching out with the blade mold of the machine.

In one embodiment, as the first callus forming step S30 (S30a), the grafted seedling 34 is stored in an upright state in a bat-shaped container filled with water, and only the base (root portion) of the grafted seedling 34 is immersed in water. .. The depth of water is, for example, about 3 to 5 cm. Then, the grafted seedlings 34 are stored in a refrigerator and placed in an environment where the daily average temperature is 1 to 10 ° C (preferably 3 to 7 ° C) and the daily average humidity is 80% or more (preferably 90% or more) for at least 3 weeks. Store for the above period. The grafted seedlings 34 are covered with a cloth from the campus so that the cold air from the refrigerator does not come into direct contact with them. As a result, the grafted seedling 34 can be kept in a dormant state, and germination and rooting can be suppressed. Therefore, since the growth-promoting hormone spent on germination and rooting can be preferentially spent on the formation of callus, callus can be formed over the entire circumference of the joint portion 30 in the circumferential direction.

FIG. 7 is a process diagram showing an example of a conventional method for producing grafted seedlings.
In FIG. 7, in the conventional method, the preparation step S010 is carried out around December, the cut bud removing step S014 is carried out from December to January, and the planting step S040 is carried out around May. The grafted seedling preparation step S020 is usually carried out from December to January as early as possible with the aim of mass-producing grafted seedlings.

In the conventional method, after the grafted seedling preparation step S020, sawdust generated during sawing is laid inside the wooden box, and the grafted seedling 34 is stored in the meantime (storage step S030). Therefore, since the temperature and humidity are not controlled, the formation of callus is not prioritized over the germination and rooting of the grafted seedling 34. Therefore, germination and rooting are prioritized, and growth-promoting hormones are spent for germination and rooting, so that callus formation is not sufficiently performed.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the scion 20 has a length Ls of 20 mm or less from the bud 22 of the scion 20 to the graft 30 in the longitudinal axis direction before the grafted seedling preparation step S20. Is formed like this. As a result, in the scion 20, a large amount of growth-promoting hormone is secreted in the vicinity of the bud 22, so that the secreted growth-promoting hormone can promote the formation of callus at the joint portion 30.
Preferably, the length Ls is formed within 10 mm. As a result, more growth-promoting hormones are secreted into the joint 30 and the formation of callus in the joint 30 is further promoted.

The conventional grafted seedling making step S020 is performed by using a machine or by using a knife in the experience of a craftsman, and the position of the grafted portion 30 is the position of the scion 20 as in the embodiment shown in FIG. It is not decided that it is within 20 mm below the bud 22, and it is scattered. Therefore, when the joint 30 is located away from the bud 22, it is not possible to increase the secretion of the growth-promoting hormone at the joint 30.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view showing the joint portion 30 of the grafted seedling 34, and shows a state in which the callus 36 is formed on the joint portion 30. As shown in FIG. 4, by passing through the grafted seedling making step S20, a callus 36 having a thickness Lc of 1.0 mm or more (preferably 2.0 mm or more) is formed on the grafted portion 30 all around the periphery of the grafted portion 30. It is formed over.
As described above, when the callus 36 having a thickness Lc of 1.0 mm or more is formed over the entire circumference of the joint portion 30, the entire joint surface of the joint portion 30 is almost completely fused. Therefore, it is possible to produce grape saplings that are less likely to die in the growth process after the planting step S40.
FIG. 4 shows the state after the second callus forming step S30 (S30b), which will be described later, in which the bud 22 is slightly growing in the scion 20, but germination is performed under the second callus forming step S30 (S30b). Growth is suppressed.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a second callus forming step S30 (S30b) is performed after the first callus forming step S30 (S30a). In the second callus forming step S30 (S30b), the grafted seedlings 34 are stored for a period of at least 1 week or more and within 3 weeks (for example, 10 to 14 days) in an environment where the average daily temperature is 20 to 30 ° C. in the shade. ..
As used herein, the term "stored in the shade" means that the product is stored in an environment that is not exposed to most of the daytime and is exposed to direct sunlight for 30 minutes or less per day.

As described above, by performing the second callus forming step S30 (S30b) after the first callus forming step S30 (30a), the callus formation can be prioritized over the germination and rooting growth of the grafted seedling 34. The formation can be promoted.

In one embodiment, as the second callus forming step S30 (S30b), the grafted seedlings 34 that have undergone the first callus forming step S30 (30a) are stored in a bat-shaped container filled with water for 2-3. Let it acclimatize to a temperature of about 20 ° C over a day. Next, the inside of the greenhouse is gradually heated to about 30 ° C. and stored for 1 to 2 weeks. During this period, callus formation can be prioritized over germination and rooting growth of grafted seedlings 34, and callus formation can be promoted.

On the other hand, in the conventional method, after the grafted seedling preparation step S020, the storage step S030 is performed, and then the heating step S032 is performed around March. As described in FIG. 7, the heating step S032 is provided with a heat transfer hotbed and grows grafted seedlings 34 for about one month in a greenhouse maintained at a temperature of 30 ° C. or higher, but only at the temperature inside the greenhouse. Since the soil is maintained at a high temperature, germination and rooting growth are promoted by the formation of callus.

In one embodiment, the second callus forming step S30 (S30b) is followed by the third callus forming step S30 (S30c). In the third callus forming step S30 (S30c), the root portion of the grafted seedling 34 is stored in a water-soaked state for at least 24 hours or more.
In the third callus forming step S30 (S30c), by immersing the root portion of the grafted seedling 34 in water and storing it, the grafted portion 30 can be promoted to secrete growth-promoting hormones such as auxin and cytokinin, and these growth can be promoted. Promoting hormones promote the formation of callus.
For example, the storage period is 24-48 hours, during which callus formation is promoted.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the grafted seedling 34 is stored in a bat-shaped container in an upright state, and the root portion of the grafted seedling 34 is immersed in water and stored for 24 hours or more. As a result, the joint portion 30 can be stimulated to secrete growth-promoting hormones such as auxin and cytokinin, and these growth-promoting hormones promote the formation of callus.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the conventional method, the step corresponding to the third callus forming step S30 (S30c) is not performed.

In one embodiment, in the process diagram shown in FIG. 1, the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 prepared in the preparation step S10 are returned to the preparation step S10, and the daily average temperature of the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 until the grafting seedling preparation step S20 is performed. Store in an environment where the daily average humidity is 80% or more (preferably 90% or more) at 1 to 10 ° C. (preferably 3 to 7 ° C.) (rootstock / scion storage step S12).

By storing the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 in the above environment by the rootstock / scion storage step S12 from the preparation step S10 to the grafted seedling preparation step S20, the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 can be germinated and sprouted. Rooting can be suppressed. Thereby, the growth promoting hormones spent on germination and rooting of the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 can be spent on the formation of callus 36 after the grafted seedling preparation step S20. Therefore, callus formation can be promoted at the joint portion 30.

In one embodiment, as the rootstock / scion storage step S12, the first rootstock / scion storage having the same environmental conditions as the rootstock / scion storage step S12 between the preparation step S10 and the cut sprout removal step S14. Step S12 (S12a) is performed.
Further, in one embodiment, as the rootstock / scion storage step S12, a second unit having the same environmental conditions as the rootstock / scion storage step S12 between the cut sprout removing step S14 and the grafted seedling preparation step S20. The tree / scion storage step S12 (S12b) is performed.

In one embodiment, as the first rootstock / scion storage step S12 (S12a), the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 are cut into short pieces, and the rootstock 10 is erected in a bat-shaped container filled with water. And the base (branch base) of the scion 20 is stored for a predetermined time in a state of being immersed in water. After that, the rootstock 10 and the scion 20 are placed in a plastic bag and stored in a refrigerator, and the daily average temperature is 1 to 10 ° C (preferably 3 to 7 ° C), and the daily average humidity is 80% or more (preferably 90% or more). ) Store in an environment that becomes.

In one embodiment, as the second rootstock / scion storage step S12 (S12b), after the cut sprout removal step S14, a plurality of bundled rootstocks 10 are placed upright in a water tank filled with water. Arrange the branches of the tree 10 soaked in water 10a. Then, these rootstocks 10 are covered with a vinyl sheet, stored in a refrigerator so as not to be directly exposed to cold air, and stored in an environment where the daily average temperature is 1 to 10 ° C. and the daily average humidity is 80% or more.

On the other hand, in the conventional method, the period between the preparation step S010 for preparing the rootstock and the scion and the cut sprout removal step S014, and the period between the cut sprout removal step S014 and the grafted seedling preparation step S020 is the temperature and humidity. It is stored in an uncontrolled state (storage steps S012 and S016). For example, in the storage step S012, the rootstock 10 is stored in a state of being buried in the soil, and in the storage step S016, the rootstock 10 is stored in sawdust generated during sawing.
Therefore, unlike the rootstock / scion storage step S12, it is not a step that prioritizes the formation of callus.

In one embodiment, the growth promoting hormone is contained in the site including at least the grafted portion 30 of the grafted seedling 34 before the first callus forming step S30 (S30a) or in parallel with the first callus forming step S30 (S30a). The first protective film is formed (first protective film forming step S22).
By the first protective film forming step S22, it is possible to suppress the drying of the portion of the grafted seedling 34 including at least the grafted portion 30, and it is possible to suppress the generation of mold. Further, after the planting step S40, it is possible to prevent the joint portion 30 from being immersed in rainwater or the like. Furthermore, since the first protective film contains a growth-promoting hormone, callus formation can be promoted at least at the joint portion 30.

As the first protective film, for example, wax can be used. Waxes include, for example, paraffin wax and other waxes. The wax can be easily melted by boiling in hot water, and can be easily attached to the joint portion 30 or the like in the melted state. Further, it has waterproof, moisture-proof, heat storage and the like, and is suitable as a protective film for grafted seedlings.

Also in the conventional method, after the grafted seedling preparation step S020, the same step S022 as in the first protective film forming step S22 is performed.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, after the third callus forming step S30 (S30c), which is the final callus forming step S30, and before the planting step S40, at least on the grafted portion 30 of the grafted seedling 34. A second protective film is formed (second protective film forming step S32). In the second protective film forming step S32, for example, a protective film containing no growth-promoting hormone is used as the second protective film. Therefore, a protective tape or the like may be wrapped around at least the joint portion 30.
By applying the second protective film to at least the joint portion 30 of the grafted seedling 34 by the second protective film forming step S32, at least the joint portion 30 can be protected from direct sunlight after the planting step S40.

In one embodiment, in the first protective film forming step S22 and the second protective film forming step S32, the region 5 to 10 cm in the longitudinal axis direction from the joint portion 30 of the rootstock 10 and the entire scion 20 are covered with the second protective film. Cover with. This can protect the area covered with the second protective film from dryness, rainwater, mold or direct sunlight. Since the bud 22 and the callus 36 grow through the second protective film, the second protective film does not impair the growth of the bud 22 and the callus 36.

In one embodiment, a protective film such as wax that can be melted by a means such as a water bath is used as the first protective film or the second protective film, and the protective film is melted in a water bath or the like before use. It is necessary to coat the melted protective film at a temperature of 80 ° C. or lower so as not to burn the grafted seedlings 34.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, after the second protective film forming step S32, as a pre-step of the planting step S40, the grafted seedling 34 is stored in a bat-shaped container filled with water and shaded. The outside air acclimation step S34 may be carried out by covering the campus area with a cloth and observing the climate and the growth of the grafted seedlings 34 by taking them out for 1 to 2 weeks to acclimatize them to the outside air. In this step, it is confirmed that the growing activity of the grafted seedling 34 is resumed before planting in the soil.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the grafted seedlings 34 planted in the soil in the planting step S40.
In one embodiment, in the planting step S40, about one week before planting, the black mulch 50 is laid and placed at predetermined intervals from above the black mulch 50 and inserted into the soil in the same manner as cuttings. Let's go.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a grafted seedling 40 for shipping in a state where it grows steadily after the planting step S40 performed around May and is dug out from the soil for shipping around November and the soil is removed. In the grafted seedling 40 for shipping shown in FIG. 6, the root 42 and the branches grow steadily, the leaves fall around November, and the stem becomes woody to protect the inside of the stem.

As described above, in the conventional method, since germination and rooting growth are important factors for the growth of grafted seedlings, the formation of callus at the grafted portion 30 is not sufficient, and therefore, the success rate of grafted seedling survival is high. , 20-30%. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the callus forming step S30 is performed everywhere in the production process, 40 to 60% of the grafted seedlings take root in the grafted portion 30 and smoothly reach the grafted seedlings 40 for shipping. Growing.

The contents described in each of the above embodiments are grasped as follows, for example.

1) The method for producing vine seedlings according to one embodiment is a preparatory step (S10) for preparing a rootstock (10) and a scion (20), and grafting the rootstock (10) and the scion (20). A grafted seedling preparation step (S20) for creating a grafted seedling (34) and a callus forming step (S30) for forming a callus (36) over the entire circumference of the grafted portion (30) of the grafted seedling (34). A planting step (S40) for planting the grafted seedling (34) on which the callus (36) is formed is provided, and the callus forming step (S30) is performed on the grafted seedling (34) at a daily average temperature of 1 to 1. First callus forming step (S30 (S30a)) of storing for a period of at least 3 weeks in an environment where the daily average humidity is 80% or more (preferably 90% or more) at 10 ° C. (preferably 3 to 7 ° C.). including.

According to such a configuration, as the first callus forming step (S30 (S30a)), the grafted seedlings (34) are stored in a dormant state under the low temperature and high humidity environment. As a result, the germination and rooting of the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) can be suppressed, and the growth-promoting hormones spent on the germination and rooting of the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) can be suppressed. Growth-promoting hormones can be preferentially spent on the formation of callus (36). In this way, by giving priority to the formation of the callus (36) and forming the callus (36) over the entire circumference of the grafted portion (30), the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) are almost completely formed. It is possible to increase the success rate of grafted seedlings because it can be fused with each other.

2) The method for producing a vine seedling according to another aspect is the method for producing a vine seedling according to 1), wherein the callus forming step (S30) is performed after the first callus forming step (S30 (S30a)). Further includes a second callus forming step (S30 (S30b)) in which the grafted seedlings (34) are stored in the shade at an average daily temperature of 20 to 30 ° C. for a period of at least 1 week or more and within 3 weeks.

According to such a configuration, by performing the second callus forming step (S30 (S30b)) after the first callus forming step (S30 (S30a)), the germination and rooting growth of the grafted seedling (34) is continued. Callus formation can be prioritized, which can promote callus formation.

3) The method for producing a vine seedling according to still another aspect is the method for producing a vine seedling according to 2), wherein the callus forming step (S30) is performed after the second callus forming step (S30 (S30b)). Further includes a third callus forming step (S30 (S30c)) in which the root portion of the grafted seedling (34) is stored in a water-soaked state for at least 24 hours or more.

According to such a configuration, the third callus formation step (S30 (S30c)) can promote the secretion of growth-promoting hormones such as auxin and cytokinin, and these growth-promoting hormones continue to form callus (36). Can be promoted.

4) The method for producing a grape seedling according to still another aspect is the rootstock (10) prepared in the preparation step (S10) and the rootstock (10) in the method for producing a grape seedling according to any one of 1) to 3). The scion (20) was kept at an average daily temperature of 1 to 10 ° C. (preferably 3 to 7 ° C. and an average daily humidity of 80% or more (preferably 90% or more) until the grafted seedling preparation step (S20). It is further provided with a rootstock / scion storage process (S12) for storing under the above environment.

According to such a configuration, the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) are subjected to the above-mentioned low-temperature and high-humidity environment in the stage before the grafted seedling preparation step (S20) by the above-mentioned rootstock / scion storage step (S12). ) Can be kept dormant in the rootstock (10) and the scion (20), and the germination and rooting of the rootstock (10) and the scion (20) can be suppressed. Thereby, the growth promoting hormone can be spent on callus formation in the grafted portion (30) after the grafted seedling preparation step (S20), and callus formation can be promoted.

5) The method for producing a sapling according to still another aspect is the method for producing a sapling according to any one of 1) to 4), before or before the first callus forming step (S30 (S30a)). In parallel with the first callus forming step (S30 (S30a)), a first protective film containing a growth-promoting hormone is formed at a site including at least the grafted portion (30) of the grafted seedling (34). A protective film forming step (S22) is further provided.

According to such a configuration, it is possible to suppress the drying of the portion of the grafted seedling (34) including at least the grafted portion (30), suppress the generation of mold on the grafted portion (30), and perform the planting step (S40). After that, it can be prevented from being immersed in rainwater or the like. Moreover, since the first protective film contains a growth-promoting hormone, the formation of callus (36) by the growth-promoting hormone can be promoted.

6) The method for producing grape saplings according to still another aspect is the method for producing grape saplings according to any one of 1) to 5), after the callus forming step (S30) and the planting step (S40). ), Further provided with a second protective film forming step (S32) in which the second protective film is applied to a portion of the grafted seedling (34) including at least the joint portion (30).

According to such a configuration, by applying the second protective film to at least the grafted portion (30) of the grafted seedling (34) by the second protective film forming step (S32), the soil is covered with the soil in the planting step (S40). At least the grafted portion (30) of the planted grafted seedling (34) can be protected from direct sunlight. This enables stable growth of grafted seedlings (34) planted in the soil.

7) The method for producing grape saplings according to still another aspect is the callus having a thickness of 1.0 mm or more in the planting step (S40) in the method for producing grape saplings according to any one of 1) to 6). The grafted seedling (34) formed over the entire circumference of 36) is planted.

According to such a configuration, the grafted seedlings (34) to be planted in the soil in the planting step (S40) have the callus (36) having a thickness of 1.0 mm or more formed on the grafted portion (30) over the entire circumference. Therefore, the joint portion (30) is completely fused over almost the entire joint surface. Therefore, it can be a vine sapling that can be grown without dying.

8) In the method for producing grape saplings according to still another aspect, in the method for producing grape saplings according to any one of 1) to 7), in the grafted seedling preparation step (S20), the grafted portion (30) , It is formed within 20 mm on the branch root side from the bud existing in the scion (20).

According to such a configuration, in the scion (20), the joint (30) is formed near the bud where the secretion of the growth-promoting hormone is active, so that the growth-promoting hormone is generated near the joint (30). It is secreted a lot. Then, the secreted growth-promoting hormone can promote the formation of callus (36).

10 Rootstock 10a Base (branch base)
10b Branch tip 12 Sprout 20 Scion 20a Base (branch base)
20b Branch tip 22 Sprout 30 Graft 32a Concave 32b Convex 34 Grafted seedling 36 Callus 40 Grafted seedling for shipping 42 Root 44 Branch 50 Black multi S10 Preparation process S12 Rootstock / scion storage process S12 (12a) 1st unit Tree / scion storage process S12 (12b) 2nd rootstock / scion storage process S14 Cut bud removal process S20 Grafted seedling creation process S22 1st paraffin application process S30 Callus formation process S30 (30a) 1st callus formation process S30 ( 30b) 2nd callus forming step S30 (30c) 3rd callus forming step S012, S016, S030 Storage step S32 2nd paraffin coating step S032 Heating step S34 Outside air acclimation step
S40, S040 planting process

Claims (7)

The preparatory process for preparing rootstocks and scions,
The process of creating grafted seedlings by grafting the rootstock and the scion to create grafted seedlings,
A callus forming step of forming callus over the entire circumference of the grafted portion of the grafted seedling,
The planting step of planting the grafted seedling on which the callus was formed is provided.
The callus forming step includes a first callus forming step in which the grafted seedlings are stored for a period of at least 3 weeks or more in an environment where the daily average temperature is 1 to 10 ° C. and the daily average humidity is 80% or more.
In the callus forming step, after the first callus forming step, the grafted seedlings are stored for a period of at least 1 week or more and within 3 weeks in an environment where the average daily temperature is 20 to 30 ° C. in the shade. Including further steps
How to produce grape saplings. The vine seedling according to claim 1 , wherein the callus forming step further includes a third callus forming step in which the root portion of the grafted seedling is stored in a water-soaked state for at least 24 hours after the second callus forming step. Production method. The rootstock and scion prepared in the preparation step are stored in an environment where the daily average temperature is 1 to 10 ° C. and the daily average humidity is 80% or more until the grafted seedling preparation step. The method for producing a grape sapling according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a storage step. Before the first callus forming step, or in parallel with the first callus forming step, the first protection that forms a first protective film containing a growth-promoting hormone at at least the site including the grafted portion of the grafted seedling. The method for producing a grape seedling according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising a film forming step. Claims 1 to 4 further include a second protective film forming step of forming a second protective film at a portion including at least the grafted portion of the grafted seedling after the callus forming step and before the planting step. The method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of the following items. The method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein in the planting step, the grafted seedlings having the callus having a thickness of 1.0 mm or more formed over the entire circumference are planted. The method for producing grape seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein in the grafted seedling making step, the grafted portion is formed within 20 mm from the bud existing in the scion.

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