JP2022540174A - 高い充填材含有率を有するポリウレタン分散液のためのポリオールエステル系発泡添加剤 - Google Patents
高い充填材含有率を有するポリウレタン分散液のためのポリオールエステル系発泡添加剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022540174A JP2022540174A JP2022501021A JP2022501021A JP2022540174A JP 2022540174 A JP2022540174 A JP 2022540174A JP 2022501021 A JP2022501021 A JP 2022501021A JP 2022501021 A JP2022501021 A JP 2022501021A JP 2022540174 A JP2022540174 A JP 2022540174A
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 125000005265 dialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229940113165 trimethylolpropane Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- YEBDWAHEIMUJQT-ZLCLUPBPSA-N (5z,8z,11z,14z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O.CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YEBDWAHEIMUJQT-ZLCLUPBPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- DJCQJZKZUCHHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (Z)-9-Pentadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O DJCQJZKZUCHHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- ZJVATSUMFCZSKA-QZOPMXJLSA-N (z)-docos-13-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZJVATSUMFCZSKA-QZOPMXJLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JYDNQSLNPKOEII-BZSWNNBUSA-N (z)-hexadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O JYDNQSLNPKOEII-BZSWNNBUSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DHEMVUXAYZGHFQ-QZOPMXJLSA-N (z)-tetracos-15-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DHEMVUXAYZGHFQ-QZOPMXJLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- AGNTUZCMJBTHOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxypropoxy]propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)CO AGNTUZCMJBTHOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-QWWZWVQMSA-N D-threitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQHJDPROMQRDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QQHJDPROMQRDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940119170 jojoba wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008164 mustard oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002942 palmitic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006264 polyurethane film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009290 primary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008171 pumpkin seed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Sr+2] UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001866 strontium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QZZGJDVWLFXDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QZZGJDVWLFXDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021516 thallium(I) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGYXCSSUHCHXHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M thallium(i) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Tl+] QGYXCSSUHCHXHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DXNCZXXFRKPEPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DXNCZXXFRKPEPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH2]O[SiH3] ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008170 walnut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010497 wheat germ oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0023—Use of organic additives containing oxygen
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/44—Polycarbonates
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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- C08G18/48—Polyethers
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/30—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by mixing gases into liquid compositions or plastisols, e.g. frothing with air
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- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
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- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
Abstract
Description
MaDbTc 式1
[式中、
M=[C3H5(OR1)2O1/2]、
D=[C3H5(OR1)1O2/2]、
T=[C3H5O3/2]、
a=1~10、好ましくは2~3、特に好ましくは2、
b=0~10、好ましくは0より大~5、特に好ましくは1~4、
c=0~3、好ましくは0、
基R1は、独立して、同一であるか、もしくは異なった、R2-C(O)-形の基であるか、またはHであり、
基R2は、3~39個の炭素原子、好ましくは7~21個、より好ましくは9~17個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族飽和もしくは不飽和炭化水素基であり、
少なくとも1つの基R1は、R2-C(O)-形の基に対応する]。
MxDyTz 式2
[式中、
y=0~10、好ましくは0より大~5、特に好ましくは1~4、
z=0~3、好ましくは0より大~2、特に好ましくは0、
ただし、少なくとも1つの基R1は水素以外の上記で式1について定義されたR1である]。
k=1~10、好ましくは2~3、特に好ましくは2、
m=0~10、好ましくは0より大~5、特に好ましくは1~3、
ただし、少なくとも1つの基R1は水素以外の上記で式1について定義されたR1であり、かつk+mの合計は0より大であり、かつ指標kおよびmを有する断片は統計的に分布している]。
g=5~100、好ましくは10~75、より好ましくは25~50、
h=0~25、好ましくは0~10、より好ましくは0~5、
i=0~25、好ましくは0~10、より好ましくは0~5、
基R5は、5~40個の炭素原子、好ましくは8~25個、より好ましくは10~20個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族飽和もしくは不飽和の直鎖状もしくは分岐状の炭化水素基であるか、または一般式R8-C(O)の脂肪酸基であり、ここでR8は、3~39個の炭素原子、好ましくは7~21個、より好ましくは9~17個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族飽和もしくは不飽和炭化水素基であり、かつ
基R6は、独立して、1~20個の炭素原子を有する、同一の、もしくは異なった一価の脂肪族もしくは芳香族炭化水素基、好ましくはメチル基であり、かつ
基R7は、1~20個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族もしくは芳香族炭化水素基であるか、またはHであり、好ましくはメチル基またはHであり、より好ましくはHである]。
a)少なくとも1種の水性ポリマー分散液、好ましくは少なくとも1種の充填材、本発明によるポリオールエステル少なくとも1種、本発明によるエチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレート少なくとも1種、および任意でさらなる添加剤を含む混合物を提供するステップ、
b)前記混合物を発泡させて、均質で微細なセルを有する発泡体を得るステップ、
c)任意で、少なくとも1種の増粘剤を添加して、湿潤発泡体の粘度を調整するステップ、
d)発泡したポリマー分散液の被覆を適切な担体に塗布するステップ、および
e)前記被覆を乾燥させるステップ。
Impranil(登録商標)DLU:Covestro社製の脂肪族ポリカーボネートエステル-ポリエーテル-ポリウレタン分散液
添加剤1:103.3gのポリグリセロール(OHN=1124mgKOH/g、Mw=240g/mol)と工業用グレードのステアリン酸(パルミチン酸:ステアリン酸=50:50、155.0g)を反応させて製造したポリグリセロール-3ステアレート。
すべての粘度測定は、LV-4スピンドルを装えたブルックフィールド粘度計LVTDモデルを用いて、12rpmの一定の回転速度で行った。粘度測定では、試料を100mlの瓶に移し、その中で測定用スピンドルを浸漬マーキングのところまで浸した。常に一定の粘度測定値が表示されるのを待った。
第1表に詳述されている組成に従って、界面活性剤ブレンドを製造した。すべてのブレンドを80℃で均質化した。
本発明による添加剤の組み合わせの有効性を試験するために、一連の発泡実験を行った。この目的のために、ポリウレタン分散液Impranil DLUおよび充填材としてカオリン(数平均メジアン粒径D50:5μm)を使用した。これらの発泡実験には、例1に記載された界面活性剤のブレンドを使用した。界面活性剤2は、ここではポリオールエステルとエチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートとの本発明による添加剤の組み合わせに対応し、界面活性剤1および3は、それぞれの個別成分と比較して本発明による添加剤の組み合わせの改善効果を示すための比較例となる。第2表は、それぞれの実験の組成の概要を示している。
Claims (15)
- 添加剤として、好ましくは水性ポリマー分散液、好ましくは水性ポリウレタン分散液、特に好ましくは充填材含有水性ポリウレタン分散液中での発泡添加剤としてのポリオールエステルおよびエチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートの組み合わせ使用。
- 前記ポリオールエステルが、少なくとも1種のカルボン酸によるポリオールのエステル化によって得られるものであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の使用。
- 前記ポリオールが、C3~C8ポリオールおよびそのオリゴマーの群から選択され、
好ましいポリオールは、プロパン-1,3-ジオール、プロピレングリコール、グリセロール、トリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパン、ソルビタン、ソルビトール、イソソルビド、エリスリトール、トレイトール、ペンタエリスリトール、アラビトール、キシリトール、リビトール、フシトール、マンニトール、ガラクチトール、イジトール、イノシトール、ボレミトール、および/またはグルコース、特にグリセロールであり、かつ
好ましいポリオールオリゴマーは、1~20個、好ましくは2~10個、およびより好ましくは2.5~8個の繰り返し単位を有するC3~C8ポリオールのオリゴマーであり、ここで特に好ましいのは、ジグリセロール、トリグリセロール、テトラグリセロール、ペンタグリセロール、ジエリスリトール、トリエリスリトール、テトラエリスリトール、ジ(トリメチロールプロパン)、トリ(トリメチロールプロパン)、二糖類およびオリゴ糖類、特にソルビタン、オリゴグリセロールおよび/またはポリグリセロールであることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の使用。 - 前記カルボン酸が、一般式R-C(O)OHに該当し、前記式中で、Rは3~39個の炭素原子、好ましくは7~21個の炭素原子、より好ましくは9~17個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族飽和もしくは不飽和炭化水素基であり、かつ
好ましいカルボン酸は、酪酸(ブタン酸)、カプロン酸(ヘキサン酸)、カプリル酸(オクタン酸)、カプリン酸(デカン酸)、ラウリン酸(ドデカン酸)、ミリスチン酸(テトラデカン酸)、パルミチン酸(ヘキサデカン酸)、ステアリン酸(オクタデカン酸)、アラキン酸(エイコサン酸)、ベヘン酸(ドコサン酸)、リグノセリン酸(テトラコサン酸)、パルミトレイン酸((Z)-9-ヘキサデセン酸)、オレイン酸((Z)-9-ヘキサデセン酸)、エライジン酸((E)-9-オクタデセン酸)、シス-バクセン酸((Z)-11-オクタデセン酸)、リノール酸((9Z,12Z)-9,12-オクタデカジエン酸)、α-リノレン酸((9Z,12Z,15Z)-9,12,15-オクタデカトリエン酸)、γ-リノレン酸((6Z,9Z,12Z)-6,9,12-オクタデカトリエン酸),ジ-ホモ-γ-リノレン酸((8Z,11Z,14Z)-8,11,14-エイコサトリエン酸),アラキドン酸((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5,8,11,14-エイコサテトラエン酸)、エルカ酸((Z)-13-ドコセン酸)、ネルボン酸((Z)-15-テトラコセン酸)、リシノール酸、ヒドロキシステアリン酸、およびウンデセニル酸、およびこれらの混合物、例えば、菜種油脂肪酸、大豆油脂肪酸、ヒマワリ油脂肪酸、ピーナッツ油脂肪酸、および/またはトール油脂肪酸から選択され、
特に有利には、パルミチン酸およびステアリン酸、およびこれら2つの物質の混合物であり、および/または
多官能価のジカルボン酸および/またはトリカルボン酸が使用され、好ましくは2~18個の炭素原子の鎖長を有する脂肪族の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のジカルボン酸および/またはトリカルボン酸、および/または12~22個の炭素原子を有する不飽和脂肪酸を触媒により二量化することにより得られた二量体脂肪酸が使用され、および/または
上記で特定した一般式R-C(O)OHのカルボン酸の混合物および多官能価のジカルボン酸および/またはトリカルボン酸が使用されることを特徴とする、請求項2または3に記載の使用。 - 使用される前記ポリオールエステルが、ソルビタンエステルおよび/またはポリグリセロールエステルの群から選択されるものであり、好ましくはポリグリセロールエステル、より好ましくは一般式1:
MaDbTc 式1
[式中、
M=[C3H5(OR1)2O1/2]、
D=[C3H5(OR1)1O2/2]、
T=[C3H5O3/2]、
a=1~10、好ましくは2~3、特に好ましくは2、
b=0~10、好ましくは0より大~5、特に好ましくは1~4、
c=0~3、好ましくは0、
基R1は、独立して、同一の、もしくは異なったR2-C(O)-形の基であるか、またはHであり、
基R2は、3~39個の炭素原子、好ましくは7~21個の炭素原子、より好ましくは9~17個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族飽和もしくは不飽和炭化水素基であり、
少なくとも1つの基R1はR2-C(O)-形の基に対応する]に該当するか、および/または一般式2:
MxDyTz 式2
[式中、
y=0~10、好ましくは0より大~5、特に好ましくは1~4、
z=0~3、好ましくは0より大~2、特に好ましくは0、
ただし、少なくとも1つの基R1は水素以外の上記で定義されたR1である]に該当するか、および/または一般式3:
k=1~10、好ましくは2~3、特に好ましくは2、
m=0~10、好ましくは0より大~5、特に好ましくは1~3、
ただし、少なくとも1つの基R1は水素以外の上記で定義されたR1であり、かつk+mの合計が0より大であり、指標kおよびmを有するフラグメントは統計的に分布している]に該当するポリグリセロールエステルを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。 - 前記式1、2および/または3のポリオールエステルがリン酸化されており、特に基R1として少なくとも1つの(R3O)2P(O)-基を有しており、前記式中、基R3は、独立して、カチオン、好ましくはNa+、K+もしくはNH4 +であるか、または例えばアミドアミンの場合と同様に官能化されたアルキル基であってもよいモノアルキルアミン、ジアルキルアミン、およびトリアルキルアミンのアンモニウムイオン、またはモノアルカノールアミン、ジアルカノールアミン、およびトリアルカノールアミン、モノアミノアルキルアミン、ジアミノアルキルアミン、およびトリアミノアルキルアミンのアンモニウムイオン、あるいはHまたはR4-O-であり、
R4は、3~39個の炭素原子、好ましくは7~22個の炭素原子、より好ましくは9~18個の炭素原子を有する、一価の脂肪族飽和もしくは不飽和炭化水素基であるか、またはポリオール基であることを特徴とする、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。 - 前記エチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートが、一般式4:
g=5~100、好ましくは10~75、より好ましくは25~50、
h=0~25、好ましくは0~10、より好ましくは0~5、
i=0~25、好ましくは0~10、より好ましくは0~5、および
基R5は、5~40個の炭素原子、好ましくは8~25個の炭素原子、より好ましくは10~20個の炭素原子を有する、一価の脂肪族飽和もしくは不飽和の、直鎖状もしくは分岐状の炭化水素基であるか、または一般式R8-C(O)の脂肪酸基であり、前記式中で、R8は、3~39個の炭素原子、好ましくは7~21個の炭素原子、より好ましくは9~17個の炭素原子を有する、一価の脂肪族飽和もしくは不飽和炭化水素基であり、かつ
基R6は、独立して、1~20個の炭素原子を有する、同一の、もしくは異なった一価の脂肪族もしくは芳香族炭化水素基、好ましくはメチル基であり、かつ
基R7は、1~20個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族もしくは芳香族炭化水素基であるか、またはHであり、好ましくはメチル基またはHであり、より好ましくはHである]に該当することを特徴とする、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。 - 前記水性ポリマー分散液が、水性のポリスチレン分散液、ポリブタジエン分散液、ポリ(メタ)アクリレート分散液、ポリビニルエステル分散液、およびポリウレタン分散液、特にポリウレタン分散液の群から選択され、これらの分散液のポリマー含有量が、好ましくは20~70質量%の範囲、より好ましくは25~65質量%の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記水性ポリマー分散液が充填材を含み、前記充填材が好ましくはケイ酸塩、例えば特にタルク、雲母、もしくはカオリン、炭酸塩、例えば特に炭酸カルシウム、もしくはチョーク、または酸化物/水酸化物、例えば特に石英粉、シリカ、水酸化アルミニウム/水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、もしくは酸化亜鉛、および有機充填材、例えば特にパルプ、セルロース、およびセルロース誘導体、リグニン、木繊維/木粉、粉砕プラスチック、もしくはテキスタイル繊維の群から選択され、
前記充填材の濃度は、水性ポリマー分散液の総質量を基準にして、好ましくは10~50質量%、さらに好ましくは15~45質量%、さらに好ましくは20~40質量%の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。 - 前記ポリオールエステルおよびエチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートの合計濃度が、水性ポリマー分散液の総質量を基準にして、0.2~20質量%の範囲、より好ましくは0.4~15質量%の範囲、特に好ましくは0.5~10質量%の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記エチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートが、ポリオールエステルとエチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートの混合物全体に基づいて、5~80質量%、好ましくは10~75質量%、より好ましくは25~65質量%の濃度で使用されることを特徴とする、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記ポリオールエステルおよび前記エチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートの添加剤組み合わせに加えて、少なくとも1つのさらなるイオン性の、好ましくはアニオン性の補助界面活性剤が、水性ポリマー分散液の添加剤として追加的に使用され、
好ましい前記イオン性の補助界面活性剤は、脂肪酸のアンモニウム塩およびアルカリ金属塩、アルキル硫酸塩、アルキルエーテル硫酸塩、アルキルスルホン酸塩、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、アルキルリン酸塩、アルキルスルホスクシネート、アルキルスルホスクシナメート、アルキルサルコシン酸塩であり、
特に、12~20個の炭素原子、さらに好ましくは14~18個の炭素原子、さらに好ましくは16より大~18個以上の炭素原子を有するアルキル硫酸塩が有利であり、
ただし、ポリオールエステル、エチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートおよび補助界面活性剤の合計量に基づく補助界面活性剤の割合は、0.1~50質量%の範囲、好ましくは0.2~40質量%の範囲、より好ましくは0.5~30質量%の範囲、さらに好ましくは1~25質量%の範囲であることを条件とすることを特徴とする、請求項1から11までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。 - ポリオールエステルおよびエチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートを含む水性ポリマー分散液、好ましくは水性ポリウレタン分散液、有利には充填材含有ポリマー分散液、特に請求項1から12までのいずれか1項に記載の水性ポリマー分散液。
- 水性ポリマー分散液中での添加剤としてポリオールエステルおよびエチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートを併用して、多孔質ポリマー被覆、好ましくは多孔質ポリウレタン被覆を製造するための方法であって、以下のステップ:
a)少なくとも1種の水性ポリマー分散液、好ましくは少なくとも1種の充填材、少なくとも1種のポリオールエステル、少なくとも1種のエチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレート、および任意でさらなる添加剤を含む混合物を準備するステップ、
b)前記混合物を発泡させて、均質で微細なセルを有する発泡体を得るステップ、
c)任意で、少なくとも1種の増粘剤を添加して、湿潤発泡体の粘度を調整するステップ、
d)発泡させたポリマー分散液の被覆を適切な担体に塗布するステップ、
e)被覆を乾燥させるステップ
を含む方法。 - 多孔質ポリマー被覆、好ましくは多孔質ポリウレタン被覆であって、ポリマー被覆の製造において、水性ポリマー分散液、好ましくは充填材含有ポリマー分散液中の添加剤として、ポリオールエステルおよびエチレンオキシドリッチなアルキルアルコキシレートを併用することによって得られるものであり、好ましくは請求項14に記載の方法によって得られ、ただし、多孔質ポリマー被覆は、好ましくは150μm未満、好ましくは120μm未満、特に好ましくは100μm未満、最も好ましくは75μm未満の平均孔径を有する多孔質ポリマー被覆。
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