JP2021524374A - 静電集塵機のための吸着剤組成物 - Google Patents
静電集塵機のための吸着剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2021524374A JP2021524374A JP2020568701A JP2020568701A JP2021524374A JP 2021524374 A JP2021524374 A JP 2021524374A JP 2020568701 A JP2020568701 A JP 2020568701A JP 2020568701 A JP2020568701 A JP 2020568701A JP 2021524374 A JP2021524374 A JP 2021524374A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- calcium
- weight
- magnesium compound
- adsorbent composition
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- LWNKHILEJJTLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium;magnesium;tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Ca+2] LWNKHILEJJTLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 sodium aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011335 coal coke Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011419 magnesium lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Inorganic materials [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZETCGWYACBNPIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;sulfurous acid Chemical compound N.OS(O)=O ZETCGWYACBNPIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- LVGQIQHJMRUCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bisulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].OS([O-])=O.OS([O-])=O LVGQIQHJMRUCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010260 calcium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YLUIKWVQCKSMCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Ca+2] YLUIKWVQCKSMCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004572 hydraulic lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LPHFLPKXBKBHRW-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;hydrogen sulfite Chemical compound [Mg+2].OS([O-])=O.OS([O-])=O LPHFLPKXBKBHRW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfite Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])=O DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010259 potassium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
- B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
- B01J20/28059—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being less than 100 m2/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
- B01J20/28071—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being less than 0.5 ml/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/402—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of magnesium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/112—Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106
- B01D2253/1124—Metal oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
Abstract
Description
ここでηは部分集塵率、Acは集塵電極の面積、Vpmは粒子の移動速度、及びQはガスの体積流量である。集塵率に影響する粒子の特性は、主に粒径分布及びそれらの抵抗率である。粒子の抵抗率は、前述のDeutsch−Andersonの方程式で示されるように、粒子の移動速度に影響する。
a)カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物を反応装置に提供するステップと、
b)乾燥吸着剤組成物の重量の0.1重量%から5重量%の間、好ましくは0.3重量%から3重量%の間の硝酸カルシウムを得るように計算された量の、硝酸カルシウム若しくは硝酸、又はそれらの組合せを加えるステップと
を含む、方法に関する。
「実例1」
実例1は、酸性ガス汚染を除去するために設計され、米国特許第6,322,769(B1)号に従って製造された、水酸化カルシウム吸着剤の比較サンプルである。このサンプルは、産業設備から取得された。ナトリウムも硝酸カルシウムも硝酸も加えられなかった。
実例2は、酸性ガス汚染を除去するために設計され、米国特許第7,744,678(B2)号に従って製造された、水酸化カルシウム吸着剤の比較サンプルである。このサンプルは、90重量%より多いCa(OH)2、8重量%未満のCaCO3、及び約0.8重量%のNa2CO3の含有量を有し、残りは不純物である。ナトリウム若しくは硝酸カルシウム、又は硝酸は加えられなかった。このサンプルは、産業設備から取得された。
実例3は、酸性ガス汚染を除去するために設計され、米国特許第7,744,678(B2)号に従って製造された、水酸化カルシウム吸着剤の別のサンプルであり、石灰は別の産地からのものである。このサンプルは、90重量%より多いCa(OH)2、7重量%未満のCaCO3、及び2.1重量%のNa2CO3の含有量を有し、残りは不純物である。ナトリウム若しくは硝酸カルシウム、又は硝酸は加えられなかった。このサンプルは、産業設備から取得された。
実例4は、実例3と同じ産地の石灰を使用し、且つ硝酸カルシウムをドーパントとして、乾燥生成物に対して1%の量を使用して本発明に従って製造された、水酸化カルシウム吸着剤である。このサンプルは、産業設備から取得された。
実例5は、実例3と同じ産地の石灰を使用し、且つ硝酸カルシウムをドーパントとして、乾燥生成物に対して2%の量を使用して本発明に従って製造された、水酸化カルシウム吸着剤である。このサンプルは、産業設備から取得された。
実例6は、実験室規模で、得られる乾燥粉末組成物の全重量に対して、生石灰を化学量論的量の水及び2重量%のナトリウム含有量を得るような量のNaCO3と、パドル付き混合器内で混合(消和)することによって、本発明に従って製造された水酸化カルシウム吸着剤である。この生石灰は、実例3と同じ産地からの石灰を焼成することによって得た。混合器内での反応後、消石灰(水酸化カルシウム)は排出され、乾燥させて、乾燥生成物の1重量%のHNO3を用いる後処理に託された。
「実例7」
実例7は、石炭火力発電所から得られたフライアッシュのサンプルである。
実例8は、実例7の80重量%のフライアッシュと実例3による20重量%の吸着剤とのブレンドである。
実例9は、実例7の80重量%のフライアッシュと実例4による20重量%の吸着剤とのブレンドである。
実例10は、実例7の80重量%のフライアッシュと実例5による20重量%の吸着剤とのブレンドである。
Claims (21)
- 全重量に対して80重量%以上の水酸化カルシウム−マグネシウム含有量を少なくとも有する粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物であって、
前記粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物が、300℃において1E11 Ohms・cmより小さく、1E7 Ohms・cmより大きい抵抗率を示すこと、及び
前記粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物は、前記粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物の全重量に対して0.05重量%以上、5重量%以下の量の硝酸カルシウムがドープされていること
を特徴とする、粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物。 - 1E11 Ohms・cmより小さい最大抵抗率Rmaxを示す、請求項1に記載の粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物。
- ナトリウム当量として表される、前記粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物の全重量に対して3.5重量%までの量のナトリウム系添加物をさらに含む、請求項1又は2に記載の粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物。
- 少なくとも20m2/g、好ましくは少なくとも25m2/g、好ましくは少なくとも30m2/g、より好ましくは少なくとも35m2/gの、窒素吸着によるBET比表面積を示す、請求項1から3までのいずれか一項に記載の粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物。
- 少なくとも0.1cm3/gの、窒素脱着による1000Å以下の径を有する細孔のBJH細孔容積を示す、請求項1から4までのいずれか一項に記載の粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物。
- 請求項1から5までのいずれか一項に記載の粉末状カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物を含む、静電集塵機を有する排ガス処理設備のための吸着剤組成物。
- 活性炭、亜炭コークス、ハロイサイト、海泡石、粘土、ベントナイト、カオリン、バーミキュライト、耐火粘土、気泡セメントダスト、パーライト、膨張粘土、石灰砂岩ダスト、トラスダスト、Yali岩ダスト、トラス石灰、酸性白土、セメント、アルミン酸カルシウム、アルミン酸ナトリウム、硫化カルシウム、有機硫化物、硫酸カルシウム、平炉コークス、褐炭ダスト、フライアッシュ、及び水ガラスからなる群から選択される添加物をさらに含む、請求項6に記載の吸着剤組成物。
- ナトリウム当量として表される、前記粉末状吸着剤組成物の全重量に対して3.5重量%までの量のナトリウム系添加物を含む、請求項6又は7に記載の吸着剤組成物。
- 前記硝酸カルシウムが、乾燥吸着剤組成物の全重量に対して0.05重量%以上、5重量%以下の量で存在する、請求項6から8までのいずれか一項に記載の吸着剤組成物。
- 前記カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物が消石灰である、請求項6から9までのいずれか一項に記載の吸着剤組成物。
- 静電集塵機を有する排ガス処理設備のための、0.1重量%及び5重量%の硝酸カルシウムを含む吸着剤組成物を製造する方法であって、
a)カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物を反応装置に提供するステップと、
b)硝酸カルシウム及び硝酸、並びにそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される化合物を加えるステップと
を含む、方法。 - 前記カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物が、乾燥カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物の全重量に対して80重量%以上の水酸化カルシウム−マグネシウム含有量を有する、請求項11に記載の方法。
- カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物を反応装置に提供する前記ステップが、生石灰を前記反応装置に提供し、前記生石灰を所定量の水で消和させて、所定量の水分を含む乾燥カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物の全重量に対して80重量%以上の水酸化カルシウム含有量を少なくとも有する前記カルシウム−マグネシウム化合物を得るステップを含む、請求項11又は12に記載の方法。
- 乾燥吸着剤組成物の3.5重量%までのナトリウム当量を得るように計算された量の、ナトリウム当量として表されるナトリウム系添加物を加えるステップを含むことを特徴とする、請求項11から13までのいずれか一項に記載の吸着剤組成物を製造する方法。
- 前記消和ステップが、少なくとも20m2/gの、窒素吸着により測定されるBET比表面積の消石灰を得るような条件で実施されることを特徴とする、請求項11から14までのいずれか一項に記載の吸着剤組成物を製造する方法。
- 前記消和ステップが、少なくとも0.1cm3/gの、窒素脱着により測定される1000Å以下の径を有する細孔のBJH細孔容積の消石灰を得るような条件で実施される、請求項11から15までのいずれか一項に記載の吸着剤組成物を製造する方法。
- 活性炭、亜炭コークス、ハロイサイト、海泡石、粘土、ベントナイト、カオリン、バーミキュライト、耐火粘土、気泡セメントダスト、パーライト、膨張粘土、石灰砂岩ダスト、トラスダスト、Yali岩ダスト、トラス石灰、酸性白土、セメント、アルミン酸カルシウム、アルミン酸ナトリウム、硫化カルシウム、有機硫化物、硫酸カルシウム、平炉コークス、褐炭ダスト、フライアッシュ、及び水ガラスからなる群から選択される追加の添加物を加えるステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項11から16までのいずれか一項に記載の吸着剤組成物を製造する方法。
- 静電集塵機の上流に配置された投入ゾーンを有する設備を使用する排ガス処理方法であって、請求項6から10までのいずれか一項に記載の吸着剤組成物を前記投入ゾーンに投入するステップを含むことを特徴とする、排ガス処理方法。
- 前記吸着剤組成物がカルシウム−マグネシウム化合物を含み、前記吸着剤組成物が前記投入ゾーンに投入され、ここで排ガスが180℃以上の温度を有する、請求項18に記載の排ガス処理方法。
- 前記吸着剤組成物が、乾燥吸着剤投入システムにおいて乾燥粉末として投入される、又はスプレー乾燥吸収装置システムにおいて霧状スラリーとして投入される、請求項18又は19に記載の排ガス処理方法。
- 空気予熱器の下流に静電集塵機を有し、前記空気予熱器がダクトによって前記静電集塵機に接続される排ガス処理デバイスであって、前記排ガス処理デバイスが、前記空気予熱器の上流に配置された、請求項6から10までのいずれか一項に記載の吸着剤組成物を投入するための投入ゾーンをさらに有することを特徴とする、排ガス処理デバイス。
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JP2008546631A (ja) * | 2005-06-28 | 2008-12-25 | ソシエテ アノニム ロワ ルシェルシュ エ ディベロプマン | 粉末状石灰組成物、その製造プロセス及びその利用 |
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CL2020003203A1 (es) | 2021-04-16 |
SG11202100180XA (en) | 2021-02-25 |
ZA202100069B (en) | 2022-08-31 |
CN112399884B (zh) | 2023-09-15 |
EP3820607A1 (en) | 2021-05-19 |
KR20210031934A (ko) | 2021-03-23 |
BR112021000247B1 (pt) | 2024-02-27 |
BR112021000247A2 (pt) | 2021-04-06 |
WO2020011953A1 (en) | 2020-01-16 |
CN112399884A (zh) | 2021-02-23 |
CO2020015349A2 (es) | 2021-03-19 |
JP7358405B2 (ja) | 2023-10-10 |
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