JP2021503892A - 腫瘍関連抗原に対する三重特異性結合分子及びその使用 - Google Patents
腫瘍関連抗原に対する三重特異性結合分子及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2017年11月21日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/589,331号明細書の優先権の利益を主張するものであり、この仮特許出願の内容全体は、参照により本明細書に援用される。
本出願は、ASCII形式で電子的に提出された配列表を含み、この配列表は、全体が参照により本明細書に援用される。前記ASCIIコピーは、2018年11月19日に作成され、NOV−001WO_SL.txtと命名され、592,187バイトのサイズである。
本明細書において使用される際、以下の用語は、以下の意味を有することが意図される。
典型的に、本開示のTBMの1つ以上のABMは、免疫グロブリンベースの抗原結合ドメイン、例えば抗体フラグメント又は誘導体の配列を含む。これらの抗体フラグメント及び誘導体は、典型的に、抗体のCDRを含み、より大きいフラグメント及びその誘導体、例えばFab、scFab、Fv及びscFvを含み得る。
6.2.1.1.Fab
特定の態様において、本開示のABMは、Fabドメインである。Fabドメインは、パパインなどの酵素を用いた免疫グロブリン分子のタンパク質分解的切断又は組み換え発現によって生成され得る。Fabドメインは、典型的に、VLドメインに結合されたCLドメインと対合するVHドメインに結合されたCH1ドメインを含む。
一本鎖Fv又は「scFv」抗体フラグメントは、単一のポリペプチド鎖中の抗体のVH及びVLドメインを含み、一本鎖ポリペプチドとして発現されることが可能であり、それが由来する無傷の抗体の特異性を保持する。一般に、scFvポリペプチドは、scFvが標的結合のための所望の構造を形成することを可能にするVH及びVLドメイン間のポリペプチドリンカーをさらに含む。scFVのVH及びVL鎖を連結するのに好適なリンカーの例は、第6.3.3節において特定されるABMリンカー、例えばL1〜L54として示されるリンカーのいずれかである。
本開示のTBMは、Fab又はscFv、例えばFv、dsFv、(Fab’)2、単一ドメイン抗体(SDAB)、VH若しくはVLドメイン又はラクダ科(camelid)VHHドメイン(ナノボディとも呼ばれる)以外の免疫グロブリン形式を有するABMも含み得る。
特定の実施形態において、本開示のABMの1つ以上は、非抗体足場タンパク質(設計されたアンキリンリピートタンパク質(DARPin)、アビマー(アビディティ多量体の省略形)、アンチカリン/リポカリン、センチリン、クニッツドメイン、アドネキシン、アフィリン、アフィチン(ノンフィチンとしても知られている)、ノッチン、プロネクチン、バーサボディ、デュオカリン及びフィノマーを含むが、これらに限定されない)、リガンド、受容体、サイトカイン又はケモカインに由来する。
本開示のTBMは、ある場合には、例えばリンカーなしで融合タンパク質として、互いに直接連結されたABM又はABM鎖の対(例えば、FabのVH−CH1又はVL−CL構成要素)を含み得ることが考えられる。より好ましくは、本開示のTBMは、個々のABM又はABM鎖を連結するコネクタ部分を含む。コネクタ部分の使用は、例えば、TBM内のABMの柔軟性を高め、それにより立体障害を低減することによって標的結合を改善し得る。ABMは、例えば、Fcドメイン(各Fcドメインは、会合されたFc領域の対を表す)及び/又はABMリンカーを介して互いに連結され得る。Fcドメインの使用は、典型的に、最適な抗原結合のために、ABM又はABM鎖のコネクタとしてのヒンジ領域の使用を必要とする。したがって、「コネクタ」という用語は、限定はされないが、Fc領域、Fcドメイン、ヒンジ領域を包含する。
本開示のTBMは、任意の好適な種に由来するFcドメインを含み得る。一実施形態において、Fcドメインは、ヒトFcドメインに由来する。
本開示のTBMのFcドメインは、対応する天然免疫グロブリンと比較して、1つ以上のFc−受容体(FcRs)への改変された結合を示し得る。任意の特定のFc−受容体への結合は、増加又は減少され得る。一実施形態において、Fcドメインは、そのFc−受容体結合プロファイルを改変する1つ以上の修飾を含む。
本開示のTBMは、1つ又は両方のFc領域が、補体へのFc結合を改変する1つ以上の修飾を含むFcドメインを含み得る。改変された補体結合は、増加した結合又は減少した結合であり得る。
本開示のTBMは、システイン残基を生成及び/又は除去するための1つ以上の修飾を含むFcドメインを含み得る。システイン残基は、ポリペプチドモノマーの個々の対間にジスルフィド架橋を形成することにより、Fcベースの多重特異性結合分子の自発的集合において重要な役割を果たす。したがって、システイン残基の数及び/又は位置を改変することにより、TBMの構造を修飾して、向上した治療特性を有するタンパク質を産生することが可能である。
特定の態様において、対応する免疫グロブリンより少ないグリコシル化部位を含む、向上した製造可能性を有するTBMが提供される。これらのタンパク質は、より単純な翻訳後グリコシル化パターンを有し、したがってより単純であり、製造するのにより安価である。
多くの多重特異性分子形式は、天然免疫グロブリンと異なり、非同一抗原結合ドメイン(又はその部分、例えばFabのVH又はVH−CH1)に作動可能に連結される、2つのFc領域間の二量体化を伴う。Fcドメインを形成するための2つのFc領域の不十分なヘテロ二量体化は、常に所望の多重特異性分子の収率を増加させることの障害になっており、精製にとって難しい問題である。当該技術分野において利用可能な様々な手法は、例えば、欧州特許出願公開第1870459A1号明細書;米国特許第5,582,996号明細書;米国特許第5,731,168号明細書;米国特許第5,910,573号明細書;米国特許第5,932,448号明細書;米国特許第6,833,441号明細書;米国特許第7,183,076号明細書;米国特許出願公開第2006204493A1号明細書;及びPCT公開番号国際公開第2009/089004A1号パンフレットに開示されるように、本開示のTBM中に存在し得るFc領域の二量体化を促進するのに使用され得る。
本開示のTBMは、Fcドメインの定常ドメインの1つ以上に対する、例えばCH3ドメインに対する1つ以上、例えば複数の修飾を含み得る。一例において、本開示のTBMは、抗体の重鎖定常ドメイン、例えばCH2又はCH3ドメインをそれぞれ含む2つのポリペプチドを含む。一例において、TBMの2つの重鎖定常ドメイン、例えばCH2又はCH3ドメインは、2つの鎖間のヘテロ二量体会合を可能にする1つ以上の修飾を含む。一態様において、1つ以上の修飾は、2つの重鎖のCH2ドメイン上に配置される。一態様において、1つ以上の修飾は、TBMの少なくとも2つのポリペプチドのCH3ドメイン上に配置される。一態様において、重鎖定常ドメインを含むTBMの第1のポリペプチドに対する1つ以上の修飾は、「ノブ」を生成することができ、TBMの第2のポリペプチドに対する1つ以上の修飾は、「ホール」を生成し、重鎖定常ドメインを含むTBMのポリペプチドのヘテロ二量体化が「ノブ」を「ホール」と結び付けさせる(例えば、相互作用させる、例えば第1のポリペプチドのCH2ドメインが第2のポリペプチドのCH2ドメインと相互作用するか、又は第1のポリペプチドのCH3ドメインが第2のポリペプチドのCH3ドメインと相互作用する)ようになっている。この用語が本明細書において使用される際、「ノブ」は、重鎖定常ドメインを含むTBMの第1のポリペプチドの境界から突出し、したがってヘテロ多量体を安定させ、それにより例えばホモ多量体形成よりヘテロ多量体形成に有利に作用するように、重鎖定常ドメインを含むTBMの第2のポリペプチドとの境界における相補的な「ホール」に位置決め可能である少なくとも1つのアミノ酸側鎖を指す。ノブは、元の境界に存在し得るか、又は(例えば、境界をコードする核酸を改変することによって)合成的に導入され得る。ノブの形成のための好ましいインポート残基は、一般に、天然アミノ酸残基であり、好ましくはアルギニン(R)、フェニルアラニン(F)、チロシン(Y)及びトリプトファン(W)から選択される。最も好ましいのは、トリプトファン及びチロシンである。好ましい実施形態において、突起の形成のための元の残基は、小さい側鎖容量を有し、例えばアラニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、グリシン、セリン、トレオニン又はバリンである。
対合したCH3ドメインを含むTBMのポリペプチド鎖のヘテロ二量体化は、IgG1抗体クラスに由来するCH3ドメイン中に1つ以上の修飾を導入することによって増加され得る。一実施形態において、修飾は、第2のCH3ドメイン中のF405L修飾と対合された1つのCH3ドメインに対するK409R修飾を含む。さらなる修飾は、さらに又は代わりに、366、368、370、399、405、407及び409位にあり得る。好ましくは、このような修飾を含むポリペプチドのヘテロ二量体化は、還元条件下、例えば25〜37C、例えば25C又は37Cで1〜10時間、例えば1.5〜5時間、例えば5時間にわたって10〜100mMの2−MEA(例えば、25、50又は100mMの2−MEA)で行われる。
Fcドメインを含むTBMのポリペプチド鎖のヘテロ二量体化は、「極性架橋」の原理に基づいて修飾を導入することによって増加され得、「極性架橋」の原理は、2つのポリペプチド鎖の結合境界における残基をヘテロ二量体形態において同様の(又は補完的な)物理的特性の残基と相互作用させる一方、ホモ二量体形態において異なる物理的特性の残基と相互作用させる。特に、これらの修飾は、ヘテロ二量体形成において、極性残基が極性残基と相互作用する一方、疎水性残基が疎水性残基と相互作用するように設計される。対照的に、ホモ二量体形成において、残基は、極性残基が疎水性残基と相互作用するように修飾される。ヘテロ二量体形態における好ましい相互作用及びホモ二量体形態における好ましくない相互作用は、連携して、Fc領域が、ホモ二量体を形成するよりもヘテロ二量体を形成する傾向が高くなるようにする。
本開示のTBMは、例えば、抗原結合モジュールをFc領域に連結するヒンジ領域も含み得る。ヒンジ領域は、天然又は修飾ヒンジ領域であり得る。ヒンジ領域は、典型的に、Fc領域のN末端において見られる。
特定の態様において、本開示は、少なくとも3つのABMを含むTBMを提供し、ここで、ABMの2つ以上の構成要素(例えば、scFvのVH及びVL)、2つ以上のABM又はABM及び非ABMドメイン(例えば、Fc領域などの二量体化ドメイン)がペプチドリンカーによって互いに連結される。このようなリンカーは、例えば、第6.9.2節に記載されるように、薬物をTBMに結合するのに使用されるADCリンカーと対照的に、本明細書において「ABMリンカー」と呼ばれる。
例示的なTBM形態が図1に示される。図1Aは、図1B〜1Zに示されるTBM形態の構成要素を示す。scFv、Fab、非免疫グロブリンベースのABM及びFcは、それぞれ第6.2及び6.3節においてこれらの構成要素について記載される特性を有し得る。図1に示されるTBM形態の構成要素は、第6.2及び6.3節に記載される手段のいずれかによって(例えば、直接結合、ABMリンカー、ジスルフィド結合、ノブ・イン・ホール相互作用で修飾されたFcドメインなどによって)互いに会合され得る。図1に示される様々な構成要素の配向及び会合は、例示的なものであるに過ぎず;当業者によって理解されるように、他の配向及び会合が好適であり得る(例えば、第6.2及び6.3節に記載されるように)。
本開示のTBMは、3価であり得、すなわち、それらは、3つの抗原結合ドメインを有し、これらは、それぞれCD2、TCR複合体の構成要素及びTAAの1つに結合する。
本開示のTBMは、4価であり得、すなわち、それらは、4つの抗原結合ドメインを有し、そのうちの1つ又は2つがCD2に結合し、そのうちの1つ又は2つがTCR複合体の構成要素に結合し、そのうちの1つ又は2つがTAAに結合する。
本開示のTBMは、5価であり得、すなわち、それらは、5つの抗原結合ドメインを有し、そのうちの1つ、2つ又は3つがCD2に結合し、そのうちの1つ、2つ又は3つがTCR複合体の構成要素に結合し、そのうちの1つ、2つ又は3つがTAAに結合する。
本開示のTBMは、6価であり得、すなわち、それらは、6つの抗原結合ドメインを有し、そのうちの1つ、2つ、3つ又は4つがCD2に結合し、そのうちの1つ、2つ、3つ又は4つがTCR複合体の構成要素に結合し、そのうちの1つ、2つ、3つ又は4つがTAAに結合する。
本開示のTBMは、TCR複合体の構成要素に特異的に結合するABMを含有する。TCRは、通常、非変異CD3鎖分子との複合体の一部として発現される高度に可変のアルファ(α)及びベータ(β)鎖からなる、ジスルフィド連結された膜に固定されたヘテロ二量体タンパク質である。この受容体を発現するT細胞は、α:β(又はαβ)T細胞と呼ばれるが、少数のT細胞は、別の受容体を発現し、可変ガンマ(γ)及びデルタ(δ)鎖によって形成され、γδ T細胞と呼ばれる。
本開示のTBMは、CD3に特異的に結合するABMを含有し得る。「CD3」という用語は、T細胞受容体の分化した3つの共受容体(又は共受容体複合体又は共受容体複合体のポリペプチド鎖)の群を指す。ヒトCD3のポリペプチド鎖のアミノ酸配列がNCBI Accession P04234、P07766及びP09693において示される。CD3タンパク質は、変異体も含み得る。CD3タンパク質は、フラグメントも含み得る。CD3タンパク質は、CD3アミノ酸配列の翻訳後修飾も含み得る。翻訳後修飾としては、限定はされないが、N連結及びO連結グリコシル化が挙げられる。
本開示のTBMは、TCR−α鎖、TCR−β鎖又はTCR−αβ二量体に特異的に結合するABMを含有し得る。例示的な抗TCR−α/β抗体は、当該技術分野において公知である(例えば、それぞれの内容が参照により本明細書に援用される米国特許出願公開第2012/0034221号明細書;Borst et al.,1990,Hum Immunol.29(3):175−88(抗体BMA031を記載している)を参照されたい)。米国特許出願公開第2012/0034221号明細書に記載されるような抗体BMA031のVH、VL及びKabat CDR配列が表8に示される。
本開示のTBMは、TCR−γ鎖、TCR−δ鎖又はTCR−γδ二量体に特異的に結合するABMを含有し得る。例示的な抗TCR−γ/δ抗体は、当該技術分野において公知である(例えば、内容が参照により本明細書に援用される米国特許第5,980,892号明細書(受託番号HB 9578としてATCCにより寄託されたハイブリドーマによって産生されるδTCS1を記載している)を参照されたい)。
6.6.1.免疫グロブリンベースのCD2 ABM
ある実施形態において、本開示のTBMは、抗CD2抗体又はその抗原結合ドメインであるABMを含み得る。例示的な抗CD2抗体は、当該技術分野において公知である(例えば、米国特許第6,849,258号明細書、CN102827281A号明細書、米国特許出願公開第2003/0139579 A1号明細書及び米国特許第5,795,572号明細書を参照されたい)。表9は、本開示のTBMに使用するための、抗CD2抗体又はその抗原結合フラグメントに含まれ得る例示的なCDR、VH及びVL配列を示す。
特定の態様において、本開示は、リガンドであるCD2 ABMを含むTBMを提供する。CD2 ABMは、ヒトCD2に特異的に結合し、ヒトCD2の天然リガンドは、LFA−3としても知られているCD58である。CD58/LFA−3タンパク質は、様々な細胞型の表面において発現される糖タンパク質であり(Dustin et al.,1991,Annu.Rev.Immunol.9:27)、抗原依存的及び抗原非依存的の両方の方式でAPCとのT細胞相互作用を媒介する際に役割を果たす(Wallner et al.,1987,J.Exp.Med.166:923)。したがって、特定の態様において、CD2 ABMは、CD58部分である。本明細書において使用される際、CD58部分は、CD58のCD2結合部分に対して少なくとも70%の配列同一性、例えばCD58のCD2結合部分に対して少なくとも70%、71%、72%、73%、74%、75%、76%、77%、78%、79%、80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%又は99%の同一性を含むアミノ酸配列を含む。ヒトCD58の配列は、Uniprot識別番号P19256(www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P19256)を有する。完全長CD58のアミノ酸残基30〜123(すなわち以下の表10中でCD58−4として示される配列)を含むCD58フラグメントは、CD2への結合のために十分であることが確立されている。Wang et al.,1999,Cell 97:791−803。したがって、特定の態様において、CD58部分は、CD58のアミノ酸30〜123に対して少なくとも70%の配列同一性、例えばCD58−4として示されるアミノ酸配列に対して少なくとも70%、71%、72%、73%、74%、75%、76%、77%、78%、79%、80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%又は99%の同一性を含むアミノ酸配列を含む。
特定の態様において、本開示は、CD48部分であるCD2 ABMを含むTBMを提供する。本明細書において使用される際、CD48部分は、CD48のCD2結合部分に対して少なくとも70%の配列同一性、例えばCD48のCD2結合部分に対して少なくとも70%、71%、72%、73%、74%、75%、76%、77%、78%、79%、80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%又は99%の同一性を含むアミノ酸配列を含む。ヒトCD48の配列は、Uniprot識別番号P09326(www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P09326)を有し、これは、シグナルペプチド(アミノ酸1〜26)及びGPIアンカー(アミノ酸221〜243)を含む。特定の態様において、CD48部分は、Uniprot識別番号P09326のアミノ酸27〜220からなるアミノ酸配列に対して少なくとも70%の配列同一性(例えば、少なくとも70%、71%、72%、73%、74%、75%、76%、77%、78%、79%、80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%又は99%の同一性)を含むアミノ酸配列を含む。ヒトCD48は、Ig様C2タイプIドメイン(Uniprot識別番号P09326のアミノ酸29〜127)及びIg様C2タイプ2ドメイン(Uniprot識別番号P09326のアミノ酸132〜212)を有する。したがって、ある実施形態において、CD48部分は、Uniprot識別番号P09326のアミノ酸29〜212からなるアミノ酸配列に対して、C2タイプIドメイン(Uniprot識別番号P09326のアミノ酸29〜127)に対して、且つ/又はIg様C2タイプ2ドメイン(Uniprot識別番号P09326のアミノ酸132〜212)に対して、少なくとも70%の配列同一性(例えば、少なくとも70%、71%、72%、73%、74%、75%、76%、77%、78%、79%、80%、81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%又は99%の同一性)を含むアミノ酸配列を含む。CD48部分は、ある実施形態において、Uniprot識別番号P09326の配列に対して1つ以上の天然変異体を含み得る。例えば、CD48部分は、E102Q置換を含み得る。別の例として、CD48部分は、CD−48アイソフォーム又はそのCD2結合部分、例えばUniprot識別番号P09326−2を有するアイソフォーム又はそのCD2結合部分に対応するアミノ酸配列を含み得る。
本開示のTBMは、腫瘍関連抗原(TAA)に特異的に結合する少なくとも1つのABMを含む。好ましくは、TAAは、ヒトTAAである。抗原は、正常細胞において存在することも又はしないこともある。特定の実施形態において、TAAは、正常細胞と比較して腫瘍細胞において優先的に発現又は下方制御される。他の実施形態において、TAAは、細胞系マーカーである。
TNFRSF9;TNFSF10(TRAIL);TNFSF11(TRANCE);TNFSF12(APO3L);TNFSF13(April);TNFSF13B;TNFSF14(HVEM−L);TNFSF15(VEGI);TNFSF18;TNFSF4(OX40リガンド);TNFSF5(CD40リガンド);TNFSF6(FasL);TNFSF7(CD27リガンド);TNFSF8(CD30リガンド);TNFSF9(4−1BBリガンド);TOLLIP;Toll様受容体;TOP2A(トポイソメラーゼha);TP53;TPM1;TPM2;TRADD;TRAF1;TRAF2;TRAF3;TRAF4;TRAF5;TRAF6;TREM1;TREM2;TRPC6;TSHR;TSLP;TWEAK;トロンボモジュリン;トロンビン;UPK2;VEGF;VEGFB;VEGFC;バーシカン;VHL C5;VLA−4;XCL1(リンホタクチン);XCL2(SCM−1b);XCR1(GPRS/CCXCR1);YY1;及びZFPM2が挙げられる。
特定の態様において、本開示は、ABM3 BCMAが、B細胞系統の細胞において発現される腫瘍壊死ファミリー受容体(TNFR)メンバーであるTBMを提供する。BCMA発現は、形質細胞、形質芽球及び活性化B細胞及びメモリーB細胞の亜集団を含む、長寿命形質細胞の運命を仮定する最終分化したB細胞において最も高い。BCMAは、長期体液性免疫を維持するために形質細胞の生存を仲介するのに関与する。BCMAの発現は、最近、多くの癌、自己免疫疾患及び感染症と関連付けられている。BCMAの増加した発現を有する癌としては、いくつかの血液癌、例えば多発性骨髄腫、ホジキンリンパ腫及び非ホジキンリンパ腫、様々な白血病及び膠芽細胞腫が挙げられる。
B細胞は、分化及び同定のためのマーカーとして用いられ得る細胞表面タンパク質を発現する。1つのこのようなヒトB細胞マーカーは、CD19抗原であり、成熟B細胞では見られ、形質細胞では見られない。CD19は、初期のプレB細胞発生中に発現され、形質細胞分化まで保持される。CD19は、正常B細胞及び異常な増殖がB細胞リンパ腫を引き起こし得る悪性B細胞の両方において発現される。例えば、CD19は、非ホジキンリンパ腫(B−NHL)、慢性リンパ性白血病及び急性リンパ性白血病を含むが、これらに限定されないB細胞系統悪性腫瘍において発現される。
別の態様において、本開示は、本開示のTBMをコードする核酸を提供する。ある実施形態において、TBMは、単一の核酸によってコードされる。他の実施形態において、TBMは、複数(例えば、2つ、3つ、4つ又はそれを超える)の核酸によってコードされる。
本開示は、本明細書に記載されるTBM又はTBM構成要素をコードするヌクレオチド配列を含むベクターを提供する。一実施形態において、ベクターは、本明細書に記載される免疫グロブリンベースのABMをコードするヌクレオチドを含む。一実施形態において、ベクターは、本明細書に記載されるFcドメインをコードするヌクレオチドを含む。一実施形態において、ベクターは、本明細書に記載される組み換え非免疫グロブリンベースのABMをコードするヌクレオチドを含む。本開示のベクターは、1つ以上のABM、1つ以上のFcドメイン、1つ以上の非免疫グロブリンベースのABM又はそれらの組合せをコードし得る(例えば、複数の構成要素又は部分構成要素が単一のポリペプチド鎖としてコードされる場合)。一実施形態において、ベクターは、本明細書に記載されるヌクレオチド配列を含む。ベクターとしては、限定はされないが、ウイルス、プラスミド、コスミド、ラムダファージ又は酵母人工染色体(YAC)が挙げられる。
本開示は、本開示の核酸を含む宿主細胞も提供する。
本開示のTBMは、例えば、リンカーを介して、薬物部分にコンジュゲートされ得る。このようなコンジュゲートは、ABMの1つ以上(又は全て)が非免疫グロブリン足場に基づき得ることにもかかわらず、便宜上、本明細書において抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(又は「ADC」)と呼ばれる。
[D−L−XY]n−Ab
で表される化合物又はその塩であり、式中、各「D」が、互いに独立して、細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤(「薬物」)を表し;各「L」が、互いに独立して、リンカーを表し;「Ab」が、本明細書に記載されるTBMを表し;各「XY」が、リンカー上の官能基Rxと抗体上の「相補的な」官能基Ryとの間に形成される連結を表し、nが、ADCに連結される薬物の数又はADCの薬物対抗体比(DAR)を表す。
細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤は、細胞、特に癌細胞及び/又は腫瘍細胞の成長及び/又は複製を阻害し、且つ/又は細胞、特に癌細胞及び/又は腫瘍細胞を死滅させることが知られている任意の薬剤であり得る。細胞傷害特性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制特性を有する多くの薬剤が文献において公知である。細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤の種類の非限定的な例としては、例として、限定はされないが、放射性核種、アルキル化剤、トポイソメラーゼI阻害剤、トポイソメラーゼII阻害剤、DNA挿入剤(例えば、小溝結合剤などの溝結合剤)、RNA/DNA代謝拮抗剤、細胞周期調節剤、キナーゼ阻害剤、タンパク質合成阻害剤、ヒストンデアセチラーゼ阻害剤、ミトコンドリア阻害剤及び抗有糸分裂剤が挙げられる。
本開示のADCにおいて、細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤は、ADCリンカーによってTBMに連結される。細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤をADCのTBMに連結するADCリンカーは、短い、長い、疎水性、親水性、可撓性若しくは剛性であり得るか、又はリンカーが異なる特性を有するセグメントを含み得るように、それぞれ独立して、上述される特性の1つ以上を有するセグメントから構成され得る。リンカーは、2つ以上の薬剤をTBM上の単一の部位に共有結合するように多価であり得るか、又は単一の薬剤をTBM上の単一の部位に共有結合するように1価であり得る。
特定の実施形態において、選択されるADCリンカーは、インビボで切断可能である。切断性ADCリンカーは、化学的に又は酵素的に不安定な又は分解可能な連結を含み得る。切断性ADCリンカーは、一般に、細胞質における還元、リソソーム中の酸性条件への曝露又は細胞内の特異的プロテアーゼ若しくは他の酵素による切断など、薬物を遊離させるための細胞内部でのプロセスに依存する。切断性ADCリンカーは、一般に、化学的に又は酵素的に切断可能な1つ以上の化学結合を組み込む一方、ADCリンカーの残りの部分は、切断不可能である。特定の実施形態において、ADCリンカーは、ヒドラゾン及び/又はジスルフィド基などの化学的に不安定な基を含む。化学的に不安定な基を含むリンカーは、原形質といくつかの細胞質画分との間の特性の差を利用する。ヒドラゾン含有ADCリンカーのための、薬物放出を促進する細胞内条件は、エンドソーム及びリソソームの酸性環境である一方、ジスルフィド含有ADCリンカーは、高いチオール濃度、例えばグルタチオンを含むサイトゾル中で還元される。特定の実施形態において、化学的に不安定な基を含むADCリンカーの原形質安定性は、化学的に不安定な基の近くの置換基を用いて立体障害を導入することによって増大され得る。
を含み、式中、D及びAbがそれぞれ細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤(薬物)及びAbを表し、nが、TBMに連結される薬物−ADCリンカーの数を表す。リンカー(Ig)などの特定のADCリンカーにおいて、ADCリンカーは、2つの切断性基−ジスルフィド及びヒドラゾン部分を含む。このようなADCリンカーについて、非修飾遊離薬物の有効な放出は、酸性pH又はジスルフィド還元及び酸性pHを必要とする。(Ih)及び(Ii)などのリンカーは、単一のヒドラゾン切断部位で有効であることが示されている。
を含み、式中、D及びAbがそれぞれ薬物及びTBMを表し、nが、TBMに連結される薬物−ADCリンカーの数を表し、Rが、独立して、出現するごとに例えば水素又はアルキルから選択される。特定の実施形態において、ジスルフィド結合に隣接する立体障害の増加により、ADCリンカーの安定性が高まる。(Ij)及び(Il)などの構造は、1つ以上のR基がメチルなどの低級アルキルから選択される場合、インビボ安定性の増大を示す。
を示し、式中、X−Dが非修飾の薬物を表す。
又はその塩を含むADCリンカーを含み、式中、ペプチドが、リソソーム酵素によって切断可能なペプチド(C→Nで示され、カルボキシ及びアミノ「末端」を示さない)を表し;Tが、1つ以上のエチレングリコール単位又はアルキレン鎖又はそれらの組合せを含むポリマーを表し;Raが水素、アルキル、スルホネート及びメチルスルホネートから選択され;pが0〜5の範囲の整数であり;qが0又は1であり;xが0又は1であり;yが0又は1であり;
が細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤へのADCリンカーの結合点を表し;*がADCリンカーの残りの部分への結合点を表す。
又はその塩を含むADCリンカーを含み、式中、ペプチドが、リソソーム酵素によって切断可能なペプチド(C→Nで示され、カルボキシ及びアミノ「末端」を示さない)を表し;Tが、1つ以上のエチレングリコール単位又はアルキレン鎖又はそれらの組合せを含むポリマーを表し;Raが水素、アルキル、スルホネート及びメチルスルホネートから選択され;pが0〜5の範囲の整数であり;qが0又は1であり;xが0又は1であり;yが0又は1であり;
が細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤へのADCリンカーの結合点を表し;*がADCリンカーの残りの部分への結合点を表す。
切断性ADCリンカーは、いくつかの利点を提供し得るが、本開示のADCを含むADCリンカーは、切断可能である必要はない。非切断性ADCリンカーでは、薬物の放出は、原形質といくつかの細胞質画分との間の特性の差に依存しない。薬物の放出は、抗原媒介性エンドサイトーシス及びリソソーム画分への送達によってADCが取り込まれ、ここで、TBMは、細胞内タンパク質分解によってアミノ酸のレベルまで分解された後に起こると仮定される。このプロセスは、薬物、ADCリンカー及びADCリンカーが共有結合されたアミノ酸残基によって形成される薬物誘導体を放出する。非切断性ADCリンカーとのコンジュゲートからのアミノ酸薬物代謝産物は、切断性ADCリンカーとのコンジュゲートと比較してより親水性であり、一般に、膜透過性がより低く、それによりバイスタンダー効果が低く、非特異的毒性が低くなる。一般に、非切断性ADCリンカーを有するADCは、切断性ADCリンカーを有するADCより高い、循環中の安定性を有する。非切断性ADCリンカーは、アルキレン鎖であり得るか、又は例えばポリアルキレングリコールポリマー、アミドポリマーに基づくなど、ポリマーの性質であり得るか、又はアルキレン鎖、ポリアルキレングリコール及び/若しくはアミドポリマーのセグメントを含み得る。
又はその塩であり、式中、Raが水素、アルキル、スルホネート及びメチルスルホネートから選択され;Rxが、ADCリンカーをTBMに共有結合することが可能な官能基を含む部分であり;
が細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤へのADCリンカーの結合点を表す。
が細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤への結合点を表す)。
様々な基を用いて、ADCリンカー−薬物シントンをTBMに結合してADCを得ることができる。結合基は、性質が求電子性であり得、マレイミド基、活性化ジスルフィド、NHSエステル及びHOBtエステルなどの活性エステル、ハロホルメート、酸ハロゲン化物、ハロアセトアミドなどのアルキル及びベンジルハロゲン化物が挙げられる。後述されるように、本開示に従って使用され得る「自己安定化」マレイミド及び「架橋ジスルフィド」に関連する新興の技術もある。使用される具体的な基は、部分的にTBMへの結合部位に依存する。
当業者によって公知であるように、特定のADCのために選択されるADCリンカーは、TBMへの結合部位(例えば、lys、cys又は他のアミノ酸残基)、薬物ファーマコフォアの構造的制約及び薬物の親油性を含むが、これらに限定されない様々な要因によって影響され得る。ADCのために選択される特定のADCリンカーは、特定のTBM/薬物の組合せのためにこれらの異なる要因の平衡を保とうとするものであるべきである。ADCにおけるADCリンカーの選択によって影響される要因の概説については、Nolting,Chapter 5“Linker Technology in Antibody−Drug Conjugates”,In:Antibody−Drug Conjugates:Methods in Molecular Biology,vol.1045,pp.71−100,Laurent Ducry(Ed.),Springer Science&Business Medica,LLC,2013を参照されたい。
本開示のADCは、周知の化学を用いて合成され得る。選択される化学は、特に、細胞傷害性及び/又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤の同一性、ADCリンカー及びADCリンカーをTBMに結合するのに使用される基に依存する。一般に、式(I)で表されるADCは、以下のスキーム:
D−L−Rx+Ab−Ry→[D−L−XY]n−Ab(I)
に従って調製され得、式中、D、L、Ab、XY及びnが前に定義されるとおりであり、Rx及びRyが、上述されるように、互いに共有結合を形成することが可能な相補的な基を表す。
本開示は、複数のTBM及び/又は複数のTBMコンジュゲート、例えば少なくとも100、少なくとも1,000、少なくとも10,000又は少なくとも100,000個のTBM及び/又はTBMコンジュゲートを含む製剤を提供する。製剤は、例えば、TBM分子及び富化又は精製されたTBM分子の組成物(例えば、細胞培養上清から分画又は精製されたTBM)を含む細胞培養上清を含む。
本開示のTBM(並びにそれらのコンジュゲート;本開示におけるTBMへの言及は、文脈上他の意味に解すべき場合を除き、ADCなどのTBMを含むコンジュゲートも指す)は、例えば、1つ以上の薬学的に許容される賦形剤又は担体を含有する、TBMを含む医薬組成物として製剤化され得る。本開示のTBMを含む医薬又は滅菌組成物を調製するために、TBM製剤は、1つ以上の薬学的に許容される賦形剤又は担体と組み合わされ得る。
本開示のTBMは、TAAを発現する任意の増殖性疾患(例えば、癌)の治療に使用され得る。特定の実施形態において、癌は、HER2+癌、急性リンパ性白血病(ALL)、急性骨髄性白血病(AML)、副腎皮質癌、肛門癌、虫垂癌、星細胞腫、基底細胞癌、脳腫瘍、胆管癌、膀胱癌、骨肉腫、乳癌、気管支腫瘍、バーキットリンパ腫、原発不明癌、心臓腫瘍、子宮頸癌、脊索腫、慢性リンパ性白血病(CLL)、慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)、慢性骨髄増殖性腫瘍、結腸癌、大腸癌、頭蓋咽頭腫、皮膚T細胞性リンパ腫、腺管癌、胎児性腫瘍、子宮内膜癌、上衣腫、食道癌、鼻腔神経芽細胞腫、線維性組織球腫、ユーイング肉腫、眼癌、胚細胞腫瘍、胆嚢癌、胃癌、消化管カルチノイド腫瘍、消化管間質性腫瘍、妊娠性絨毛性疾患、神経膠腫、頭頸部癌、有毛細胞白血病、肝細胞癌、組織球増殖症、ホジキンリンパ腫、下咽頭癌、眼内黒色腫、膵島細胞腫瘍、カポジ肉腫、腎臓癌、ランゲルハンス細胞組織球増殖症、喉頭癌、白血病、口唇癌及び口腔癌、肝臓癌、非浸潤性小葉癌、肺癌、リンパ腫、マクログロブリン血症、悪性線維性組織球腫、黒色腫、メルケル細胞癌、中皮腫、原発不明の転移性頸部扁平上皮癌、NUT遺伝子が関連する正中線管癌、口腔癌、多発性内分泌腫瘍症候群、多発性骨髄腫、菌状息肉腫、骨髄異形成症候群、骨髄異形成/骨髄増殖性腫瘍、鼻腔癌及び副鼻腔癌、鼻咽腔癌、神経芽細胞腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、非小細胞肺癌、口腔咽頭癌、骨肉腫、卵巣癌、膵臓癌、乳頭腫症、傍神経節腫、副甲状腺癌、陰茎癌、咽頭癌、褐色細胞腫、下垂体部腫瘍、胸膜肺芽腫、原発性中枢神経系リンパ腫、前立腺癌、直腸癌、腎細胞癌、腎盂癌及び尿管癌、網膜芽細胞腫、ラブドイド腫瘍、唾液腺癌、セザリー症候群、皮膚癌、小細胞肺癌、小腸癌、軟組織肉腫、脊髄腫瘍、胃癌、T細胞リンパ腫、奇形腫、精巣癌、咽頭癌、胸腺腫及び胸腺癌、甲状腺癌、尿道癌、子宮癌、膣癌、外陰癌並びにウィルムス腫瘍である。
本開示のTBMは、他の公知の薬剤及び治療法と組み合わせて使用され得る。例えば、本開示のTBMは、外科手術、化学療法、抗体、放射線、ペプチドワクチン、ステロイド、細胞毒素又はそれらの組合せと組み合わせて治療計画において使用され得る。
7.1.1.材料及び方法
7.1.1.1.二重特異性及び三重特異性結合分子の遺伝子構築、発現及び精製
哺乳動物発現コドン最適化による遺伝子合成を、図2に表される構築物のために外部から行った。図2に表される構築物のアミノ酸配列が表15に示される。
一連の試験において、ヒトCD3、ヒトCD2及びヒトCD19を標的にする三重特異性構築物を、ヒトCD3及びヒトCD19を標的にする二重特異性構築物並びにヒトCD3及びヒト成長ホルモン(gH)を標的にする非標的化対照構築物と比較した。構築物は、全て腫瘍標的細胞中のT細胞媒介性アポトーシスを誘導するそれらの能力について分析した。ヒトCD3及びgHを標的にする非標的化対照構築物のアミノ酸配列が表16に示される。
特異的溶解(%)=(1−(試料の発光/平均最大発光))*100。
精製されたTBMを、ヒトCD19発現Nalm6腫瘍細胞の存在下において、CD8+又はCD4+ T細胞の増殖を誘導するその能力についてフローサイトメトリーによって試験した。
ヒトCD3、ヒトCD2及びヒトCD19を標的にする精製されたTBMを、腫瘍標的細胞の存在下又は非存在下において、サイトカインのT細胞媒介性デノボ分泌を誘導するその能力について分析した。
ヒトCD3、ヒトCD2及びヒトCD19を標的にする精製されたTBMを、腫瘍標的細胞の存在下又は非存在下において、グランザイムB分泌を誘導するその能力について分析した。
7.1.2.1.結果:リダイレクトT細胞細胞傷害性アッセイ
図3は、TBM構築物が、5:1の最終E:T比及び24又は48時間のインキュベーションのいずれかで行われるアッセイにおいて、二重特異性構築物と比較して、huCD19発現Nalm6標的細胞におけるより優れた細胞傷害性を誘導したことを示す。
図9は、TBMが、用量依存的に、標的細胞の存在下において、CD4+ T細胞又はCD8+ T細胞の増殖を誘導することを示す。TBMは、CD3/CD28がコンジュゲートされたT−Activator DynaBeadsより高い程度にCD8+ T細胞の増殖も誘導するようである。
図10は、上清中で測定された異なるサイトカインのレベルを示す。結果は、三重特異性分子が、huCD19発現Nalm6標的細胞の存在下において、ヒト汎Tエフェクター細胞におけるIFNγ、TNFα、IL2、IL6及びIL10の産生を誘導したことを示す。CD2−CD3−CD19標的化TBMによる誘導は、CD3−CD19二重特異性抗体の数倍多い。
図11は、グランザイムBスポット形成T細胞の数が、CD3−CD19二重特異性抗体による処理より、CD2−CD3−CD19標的化TBMによる処理後にはるかに高いことを示す。
異なる抗ヒトCD2結合アームを有する三重特異性結合分子を生成し、腫瘍標的細胞においてT細胞媒介性アポトーシスを誘導するそれらの能力について及び標的細胞の非存在下で活性化T細胞(NFAT)の核因子を誘導するそれらの能力について分析した。
7.2.1.1.構築物
TBM構築物は、完全長CD58部分を有する実施例1のTBM(この実施例中のAB2−1)、CD58のIgV様ドメインを含む切断CD58を有するTBM(この実施例中のAB2−2)及び抗CD2抗体Medi 507に対応するscFvを有するTBM(この実施例中のAB2−3)を含んでいた。TBMのアミノ酸配列が表20に示される。TBMは、図12に概略的に示される。
リダイレクトT細胞細胞傷害性アッセイを、5:1のE:T比及び48時間のインキュベーション時間でヒトCD−19発現Nalm6標的細胞を用いて、実施例1に記載されるようにTBMにおいて行った。
Jurkat−NFATレポーター細胞株を用いて、三重特異性構築物の機能活性、特にNFATの非特異的活性化を評価することができる。NFAT−LUCレポーター(JNL)を安定的に発現するJurkat細胞(細胞株E6−1)を、0.5ug/mlのピューロマイシンとともに2mMのグルタミン及び10%のウシ胎仔血清を含むRPMI−1640培地中で成長させた。1ウェル当たり100,000個のJNL細胞を平底96ウェルプレートにおいて平板培養し、全ての構築物及び対照の連続希釈とともにインキュベートした。37℃、5%のCO2で6時間のインキュベーション後、OneGloルシフェラーゼ基質(Promega #E6120)をプレートに加えた。発光を、10分間のインキュベーション後、Envisionプレートリーダーにおいて測定した。
Nalm6標的細胞及びヒト汎Tエフェクター細胞を用いて行われるリダイレクトT細胞細胞傷害性アッセイの結果が図13に示される。切断CD58 IgVのみのドメインを有する三重特異性構築物(AB2−2)は、完全長CD58分子を有する三重特異性構築物(AB2−1)と同様の細胞傷害性作用を有することが観察された。Medi 507 scFvを含む三重特異性構築物(AB2−3)は、CD58部分を含む三重特異性構築物と比較して、より優れた細胞傷害性作用を有することがこのアッセイにおいて観察された。
7.3.1.材料及び方法
様々なTBM形式を有する三重特異性結合分子を生成し、腫瘍標的細胞におけるT細胞媒介性アポトーシスを誘導するそれらの能力について分析した。TBM構築物は、実施例2からのCD58 IgVドメインを有するTBM(この実施例中のAB3−1)、抗CD3 scFabのN末端側のCD58 IgVドメイン及び抗CD19Fabを有するTBM(AB3−2)、抗CD3 scFvのN末端側のCD58 IgVドメイン及び抗CD19Fabを有するTBM(AB3−3)、CD58 IgVドメインのN末端側の抗CD3 scFv及び抗CD19 Fabを有するTBM(AB4−4)及び抗CD3 scFV、C末端CD58 IgVドメイン及び抗CD19 Fabを有するTBM(AB4−5)を含んでいた。この実施例のTBMのアミノ酸配列が表21に示される。TBMは、図16に概略的に示される。
リダイレクトT細胞細胞傷害性アッセイの結果が図17に示される。C末端に切断CD58 IgVのみのドメインを有するTBM(AB3−5)は、三重特異性AB3−1と同様の細胞傷害性作用を示した。他の代替的な形式は、劣った活性を示した。
7.4.1.材料及び方法
異なる抗CD19アーム形態を有する三重特異性結合分子を、腫瘍標的細胞におけるT細胞媒介性アポトーシスを誘導するそれらの能力について分析した。構築物は、抗CD3 scFVのN末端側の抗CD19 Fab及びCD58 IgVドメインを有するTBM(AB2−2及びAB3−1と同じ構築物、この実施例中でAB4−1として示される)、抗CD3scFv、C末端 抗CD19 scFv及びCD58 IgVドメインを有するTBM(AB4−2)並びに抗CD3scFv、C末端抗CD19 Fab及びCD58 IgVドメインを有するTBM(AB4−3)を含んでいた。この実施例のTBMのアミノ酸配列が表22に示される。TBMは、図19に概略的に示される。
リダイレクトT細胞細胞傷害性アッセイの結果が図20に示される。C末端にCD19結合アームを有するTBM(AB4−2及びAB4−3)は、N末端形式(AB4−1)と比較して、より少ない細胞傷害性作用を有することが観察された。
7.5.1.材料及び方法
異なる抗CD3結合アームを有する三重特異性結合分子、すなわち抗CD3抗体BMA031及びOKT3に対応するscFvを生成し、腫瘍標的細胞においてT細胞媒介性アポトーシスを誘導するそれらの能力について分析した。TBMを、CD3及びCD19を標的にする二重特異性構築物と比較した。この実施例において使用される二重特異性及び三重特異性構築物のアミノ酸配列が表23に示される。この実施例において使用される二重特異性及び三重特異性構築物は、図23に概略的に示される。
リダイレクトT細胞細胞傷害性アッセイの結果が図24A及び図24Bに示される。2つの三重特異性構築物は、二重特異性構築物と比較して、標的細胞におけるより優れた細胞傷害性を示した。
7.6.1.材料及び方法
Her2、CD3及びCD2を標的にする三重特異性結合分子を生成し、腫瘍標的細胞におけるT細胞媒介性アポトーシスを誘導するそれらの能力について分析した。TBMを、CD3及びHer2を標的にする二重特異性構築物と比較した。この実施例において使用される二重特異性及び三重特異性構築物のアミノ酸配列が表24に示される。この実施例において使用される二重特異性及び三重特異性構築物は、図26に概略的に示される。
リダイレクトT細胞細胞傷害性アッセイの結果が図27に示される。TBMは、二重特異性構築物と比較して、同等乃至より優れた細胞傷害性作用を示した。
7.7.1.材料及び方法
メソテリン、CD3及びCD2を標的にする三重特異性結合分子を生成し、腫瘍標的細胞におけるT細胞媒介性アポトーシスを誘導するその能力について分析した。TBMを、CD3及びメソテリンを標的にする二重特異性構築物と比較した。この実施例において使用される二重特異性及び三重特異性構築物のアミノ酸配列が表25に示される。この実施例において使用される二重特異性及び三重特異性構築物は、図29に概略的に示される。
リダイレクトT細胞細胞傷害性アッセイの結果が図30に示される。TBMは、二重特異性構築物と比較して、より優れた細胞傷害性作用を示した。
7.8.1.材料及び方法
7.8.1.1.二重特異性及び三重特異性結合分子の遺伝子構築、発現及び精製
三重特異性構築物は、CD48部分をCD58部分の代わりに用いた以外、実施例1と同様に作製される。三重特異性構築物は、図32に概略的に表される。構築物のアミノ酸配列が表26に示される。
7.8.2.1.結果
TBM構築物は、5:1の最終E:T比及び24又は48時間のインキュベーションのいずれかで行われるアッセイにおいて、二重特異性構築物と比較して、huCD19発現Nalm6標的細胞におけるより優れた細胞傷害性を誘導する。
様々な特定の実施形態が示され、記載されているが、様々な変形形態が本開示の趣旨及び範囲から逸脱せずになされ得ることが理解されるであろう。本開示は、以下に記載される番号付けされた実施形態によって例示される。
(b)ヒトT細胞受容体(TCR)複合体の構成要素に特異的に結合する抗原結合モジュール2(ABM2)と;
(c)ヒト腫瘍関連抗原(TAA)に特異的に結合する抗原結合モジュール3(ABM3)と
を含む三重特異性結合分子(TBM)であって、任意選択的に、各抗原結合モジュールは、他の抗原結合モジュールのそれぞれがそのそれぞれの標的に結合されるのと同時にそのそれぞれの標的に結合することが可能である、三重特異性結合分子(TBM)。
(i)第1の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第1の鎖;
(ii)第1のscFvドメイン
を含む第1のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(b)以下:
(i)第2の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第2の鎖;
(ii)第2のscFvドメイン
を含む第2のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(c)軽鎖定常ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインを含む第3の鎖
を含み、
(1)第1及び第2の変異体Fc領域は、ヘテロ二量体を形成し、
(2)第1の重鎖可変ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインは、ABM1を形成し、ただし、TBM1は、CD58部分ではなく、
(3)第1のscFvドメインは、ABM2を形成し、及び
(4)第2のscFvドメインは、ABM3を形成する、実施形態1〜400のいずれか1つに記載のTBM。
(i)第1の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第1の鎖;
(ii)第1のscFvドメイン
を含む第1のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(b)以下:
(i)第2の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第2の鎖;
(ii)第2のscFvドメイン
を含む第2のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(c)軽鎖定常ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインを含む第3の鎖
を含み、
(1)第1及び第2の変異体Fc領域は、ヘテロ二量体を形成し、
(2)第1の重鎖可変ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインは、ABM1を形成し、ただし、TBM1は、CD58部分ではなく、
(3)第1のscFvドメインは、ABM3を形成し、及び
(4)第2のscFvドメインは、ABM2を形成する、実施形態1〜400のいずれか1つに記載のTBM。
(i)第1の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第1の鎖;
(ii)第1のscFvドメイン又はCD58部分
を含む第1のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(b)以下:
(i)第2の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第2の鎖;
(ii)第2のscFvドメイン
を含む第2のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(c)軽鎖定常ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインを含む第3の鎖
を含み、
(1)第1及び第2の変異体Fc領域は、ヘテロ二量体を形成し、
(2)第1の重鎖可変ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインは、ABM2を形成し、
(3)第1のscFvドメイン又はCD58部分は、ABM1を形成し、及び
(4)第2のscFvドメインは、ABM3を形成する、実施形態1〜400のいずれか1つに記載のTBM。
(i)第1の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第1の鎖;
(ii)第1のscFvドメイン
を含む第1のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(b)以下:
(i)第2の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第2の鎖;
(ii)第2のscFvドメイン又はCD58部分
を含む第2のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(c)軽鎖定常ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインを含む第3の鎖
を含み、
(1)第1及び第2の変異体Fc領域は、ヘテロ二量体を形成し、
(2)第1の重鎖可変ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインは、ABM2を形成し、
(3)第1のscFvドメインは、ABM3を形成し、及び
(4)第2のscFvドメイン又はCD58部分は、ABM1を形成する、実施形態1〜400のいずれか1つに記載のTBM。
(i)第1の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第1の鎖;
(ii)第1のscFvドメイン
を含む第1のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(b)以下:
(i)第2の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第2の鎖;
(ii)第2のscFvドメイン又はCD58部分
を含む第2のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
軽鎖定常ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインを含む第3の鎖
を含み、
(1)第1及び第2の変異体Fc領域は、ヘテロ二量体を形成し、
(2)第1の重鎖可変ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインは、ABM3を形成し、
(3)第1のscFvドメインは、ABM2を形成し、及び
(4)第2のscFvドメイン又はCD58部分は、ABM1を形成する、実施形態1〜400のいずれか1つに記載のTBM。
(i)第1の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第1の鎖;
(ii)第1のscFvドメイン又はCD58部分
を含む第1のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(b)以下:
(i)第2の変異体Fc領域及び第1の重鎖可変ドメインを含む第2の鎖;
(ii)第2のscFvドメイン
を含む第2のモノマー又は半抗体;及び
(c)軽鎖定常ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインを含む第3の鎖
を含み、
(1)第1及び第2の変異体Fc領域は、ヘテロ二量体を形成し、
(2)第1の重鎖可変ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインは、ABM3を形成し、
(3)第1のscFvドメイン又はCD58部分は、ABM1を形成し、及び
(4)第2のscFvドメインは、ABM2を形成する、実施形態1〜400のいずれか1つに記載のTBM。
(a)TBMが発現される条件において、実施形態570〜573のいずれか1つに記載の細胞を培養することと;
(b)細胞培養物からTBMを回収することと
を含む方法。
(a)任意選択的に、抗CD2抗体、抗体フラグメント、scFv、dsFv、Fv、Fab、scFab、(Fab’)2、単一ドメイン抗体(SDAB)、VH若しくはVLドメイン又はラクダ科VHHドメインである免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM;又は
(b)任意選択的に、クニッツドメイン、アドネキシン、アフィボディ、DARPin、アビマー、アンチカリン、リポカリン、センチリン、バーサボディ、ノッチン、アドネクチン、プロネクチン、アフィチン/ナノフィチン、アフィリン、アトリマー/テトラネクチン、二環式ペプチド、cys−ノット、Fn3足場、オーボディ、Tn3、アフィマー、BD、アドヒロン、デュオカリン、アルファボディ、アルマジロリピートタンパク質、レペボディ又はフィノマーである非免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM
である、実施形態1に記載のTBM。
(a)任意選択的に、抗CD3抗体、抗体フラグメント、scFv、dsFv、Fv、Fab、scFab、(Fab’)2、単一ドメイン抗体(SDAB)、VH若しくはVLドメイン又はラクダ科VHHドメインである免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM;又は
(b)任意選択的に、クニッツドメイン、アドネキシン、アフィボディ、DARPin、アビマー、アンチカリン、リポカリン、センチリン、バーサボディ、ノッチン、アドネクチン、プロネクチン、アフィチン/ナノフィチン、アフィリン、アトリマー/テトラネクチン、二環式ペプチド、cys−ノット、Fn3足場、オーボディ、Tn3、アフィマー、BD、アドヒロン、デュオカリン、アルファボディ、アルマジロリピートタンパク質、レペボディ又はフィノマーである非免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM
である、実施形態590に記載のTBM。
(a)任意選択的に、抗体、抗体フラグメント、scFv、dsFv、Fv、Fab、scFab、(Fab’)2、単一ドメイン抗体(SDAB)、VH若しくはVLドメイン又はラクダ科VHHドメインである免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM;又は
(b)任意選択的に、クニッツドメイン、アドネキシン、アフィボディ、DARPin、アビマー、アンチカリン、リポカリン、センチリン、バーサボディ、ノッチン、アドネクチン、プロネクチン、アフィチン/ナノフィチン、アフィリン、アトリマー/テトラネクチン、二環式ペプチド、cys−ノット、Fn3足場、オーボディ、Tn3、アフィマー、BD、アドヒロン、デュオカリン、アルファボディ、アルマジロリピートタンパク質、レペボディ又はフィノマーである非免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM
である、実施形態661に記載のTBM。
(a)任意選択的に、抗TAA抗体、抗体フラグメント、scFv、dsFv、Fv、Fab、scFab、(Fab’)2、単一ドメイン抗体(SDAB)、VH若しくはVLドメイン又はラクダ科VHHドメインである免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM;又は
(b)任意選択的に、クニッツドメイン、アドネキシン、アフィボディ、DARPin、アビマー、アンチカリン、リポカリン、センチリン、バーサボディ、ノッチン、アドネクチン、プロネクチン、アフィチン/ナノフィチン、アフィリン、アトリマー/テトラネクチン、二環式ペプチド、cys−ノット、Fn3足場、オーボディ、Tn3、アフィマー、BD、アドヒロン、デュオカリン、アルファボディ、アルマジロリピートタンパク質、レペボディ又はフィノマーである非免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM
である、実施形態1〜670のいずれか1つに記載のTBM。
(a)CD19−H1として示されるCDRのアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H1;
(b)CD19−H2A、HD19−H2B、CD19−H2C及びCD19−H2Dとして示されるCDRのいずれか1つのアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H2;
(c)CD19−H3として示されるCDRのアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H3;
(d)CD19−L1として示されるCDRのアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L1;
(e)CD19−L2として示されるCDRのアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L2;及び
(f)CD19−L23として示されるCDRのアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L3
を含む、実施形態757に記載のTBM。
(a)CD19−VHA、CD19−VHB、CD19−VHC及びCD19−VHDとして示されるVHのいずれか1つのアミノ酸配列を有するVH;及び
(b)CD19−VLA及びCD19−VLBとして示されるVLのいずれか1つのアミノ酸配列を有するVL
を含む、実施形態757に記載のTBM。
(a)TBMが発現される条件において、実施形態1173〜1177のいずれか1つに記載の細胞を培養することと;
(b)細胞培養物からTBMを回収することと
を含む方法。
Claims (41)
- (a)ヒトCD2に特異的に結合する抗原結合モジュール1(ABM1)と;
(b)ヒトT細胞受容体(TCR)複合体の構成要素に特異的に結合する抗原結合モジュール2(ABM2)と;
(c)ヒト腫瘍関連抗原(TAA)に特異的に結合する抗原結合モジュール3(ABM3)と
を含む三重特異性結合分子(TBM)。 - 各抗原結合モジュールは、他の抗原結合モジュールのそれぞれがそのそれぞれの標的に結合されるのと同時にそのそれぞれの標的に結合することが可能である、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- ABM1は、
(a)任意選択的に、抗CD2抗体、抗体フラグメント、scFv、dsFv、Fv、Fab、scFab、(Fab’)2、単一ドメイン抗体(SDAB)、VH若しくはVLドメイン又はラクダ科VHHドメインである免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM;又は
(b)任意選択的に、クニッツドメイン、アドネキシン、アフィボディ、DARPin、アビマー、アンチカリン、リポカリン、センチリン、バーサボディ、ノッチン、アドネクチン、プロネクチン、アフィチン/ナノフィチン、アフィリン、アトリマー/テトラネクチン、二環式ペプチド、cys−ノット、Fn3足場、オーボディ、Tn3、アフィマー、BD、アドヒロン、デュオカリン、アルファボディ、アルマジロリピートタンパク質、レペボディ又はフィノマーである非免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM
である、請求項1に記載のTBM。 - ABM1は、scFv又はFabである、請求項3に記載のTBM。
- ABM1は、表9に記載される結合配列のいずれかを含む、請求項3に記載のTBM。
- ABM1は、CD2リガンドの受容体結合ドメインを含む、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- ABM1は、CD58部分である、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- ABM1は、CD58−2のアミノ酸1〜94を含む、請求項7に記載のTBM。
- ABM1は、CD48部分である、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- ヒトTCR複合体の前記構成要素は、CD3である、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- ABM2は、
(a)任意選択的に、抗CD3抗体、抗体フラグメント、scFv、dsFv、Fv、Fab、scFab、(Fab’)2、単一ドメイン抗体(SDAB)、VH若しくはVLドメイン又はラクダ科VHHドメインである免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM;又は
(b)任意選択的に、クニッツドメイン、アドネキシン、アフィボディ、DARPin、アビマー、アンチカリン、リポカリン、センチリン、バーサボディ、ノッチン、アドネクチン、プロネクチン、アフィチン/ナノフィチン、アフィリン、アトリマー/テトラネクチン、二環式ペプチド、cys−ノット、Fn3足場、オーボディ、Tn3、アフィマー、BD、アドヒロン、デュオカリン、アルファボディ、アルマジロリピートタンパク質、レペボディ又はフィノマーである非免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM
である、請求項10に記載のTBM。 - ABM2は、scFv又はFabである、請求項11に記載のTBM。
- ABM2は、表7A〜7Dのいずれか1つに記載される結合配列のいずれかを含む、請求項11に記載のTBM。
- ABM2は、表7Aに記載されるCD3−21のVH及びVL配列を含む、請求項13に記載のTBM。
- ヒトTCR複合体の前記構成要素は、TCRのαサブユニットである、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- ABM2は、抗CD3抗体、抗体フラグメント、scFv、Fv、dsFv、Fab、scFab、(Fab’)2、単一ドメイン抗体(SDAB)、VH若しくはVLドメイン、ラクダ科VHHドメイン、DARPin、アビマー、アンチカリン/リポカリン、センチリン、バーサボディ、デュオカリン又はフィノマーである、請求項15に記載のTBM。
- TAAが受容体である場合、ABM3は、前記受容体のリガンドの受容体結合ドメインを含み、及びTAAがリガンドである場合、ABM3は、前記リガンドの受容体のリガンド結合ドメインを含む、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- ABM3は、
(a)任意選択的に、抗TAA抗体、抗体フラグメント、scFv、dsFv、Fv、Fab、scFab、(Fab’)2、単一ドメイン抗体(SDAB)、VH若しくはVLドメイン又はラクダ科VHHドメインである免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM;又は
(b)任意選択的に、クニッツドメイン、アドネキシン、アフィボディ、DARPin、アビマー、アンチカリン、リポカリン、センチリン、バーサボディ、ノッチン、アドネクチン、プロネクチン、アフィチン/ナノフィチン、アフィリン、アトリマー/テトラネクチン、二環式ペプチド、cys−ノット、Fn3足場、オーボディ、Tn3、アフィマー、BD、アドヒロン、デュオカリン、アルファボディ、アルマジロリピートタンパク質、レペボディ又はフィノマーである非免疫グロブリン足場ベースのABM
である、請求項1に記載のTBM。 - 前記TAAは、TSHR、CD171、CS−1、CLL−1、GD3、Tn Ag、FLT3、CD38、CD44v6、B7H3、KIT、IL−13Ra2、IL−11Ra、PSCA、PRSS21、VEGFR2、ルイスY、CD24、PDGFR−β、SSEA−4、MUC1、EGFR、EGFRvIII、NCAM、CAIX、LMP2、EphA2、フコシルGM1、sLe、GM3、TGS5、HMWMAA、o−アセチル−GD2、GD2、葉酸受容体α、葉酸受容体β、TEM1/CD248、TEM7R、CLDN6、GPRC5D、CXORF61、CD97、CD179a、ALK、ポリシアル酸、PLAC1、GloboH、NY−BR−1、UPK2、HAVCR1、ADRB3、PANX3、GPR20、LY6K、OR51E2、TAARP、WT1、ETV6−AML、精子タンパク質17、XAGE1、Tie 2、MAD−CT−1、MAD−CT−2、Fos関連抗原1、p53突然変異体、hTERT、肉腫転座切断点、ML−IAP、ERG(TMPRSS2 ETS融合遺伝子)、NA17、PAX3、アンドロゲン受容体、サイクリンB1、MYCN、RhoC、CYP1B1、BORIS、SART3、PAX5、OY−TES1、LCK、AKAP−4、SSX2、CD79a、CD79b、CD72、LAIR1、FCAR、LILRA2、CD300LF、CLEC12A、BST2、EMR2、LY75、GPC3、FCRL5、IGLL1、CD19、CD20、CD30、ERBB2、ROR1、FLT3、TAAG72、CD22、CD33、GD2、BCMA、gp100Tn、FAP、チロシナーゼ、EPCAM、CEA、Igf−I受容体、カドヘリン17、CD32b、GPNMB、GPR64、HER3、LRP6、LYPD8、NKG2D、SLC34A2、SLC39A6、SLITRK6、TACSTD2又はEphB2である、請求項18に記載のTBM。
- 前記TAAは、BCMAである、請求項18に記載のTBM。
- ABM3は、表12A、12B、12C、12D、12E又は12Fのいずれか1つに記載される結合配列のいずれかを含む、請求項20に記載のTBM。
- 前記TAAは、CD19である、請求項18に記載のTBM。
- ABM3は、表13に記載される結合配列のいずれかを含む、請求項22に記載のTBM。
- 前記TAAは、Her2である、請求項18に記載のTBM。
- 前記TAAは、メソテリンである、請求項18に記載のTBM。
- ABM3は、scFv又はFabである、請求項18に記載のTBM。
- 3価TBMである、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- 前記3価TBMは、図1B〜1U及び1V〜1Zに示される形態のいずれか1つを有する、請求項27に記載のTBM。
- 図1Iに示される形態を有する、請求項28に記載のTBM。
- 前記ABMは、T6として示される形態を有する、請求項29に記載のTBM。
- 4価TBMである、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- 5価TBMである、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- 6価TBMである、請求項1に記載のTBM。
- 請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載のTBM及び細胞傷害性薬剤又は細胞増殖抑制性薬剤を含むコンジュゲート。
- 請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載のTBM及び賦形剤を含む医薬組成物。
- 癌に罹患した対象を治療する方法であって、癌に罹患している対象に、有効量の、請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載のTBMを投与することを含む方法。
- 前記癌は、HER2+癌、急性リンパ性白血病(ALL)、急性骨髄性白血病(AML)、副腎皮質癌、肛門癌、虫垂癌、星細胞腫、基底細胞癌、脳腫瘍、胆管癌、膀胱癌、骨肉腫、乳癌、気管支腫瘍、バーキットリンパ腫、原発不明癌、心臓腫瘍、子宮頸癌、脊索腫、慢性リンパ性白血病(CLL)、慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)、慢性骨髄増殖性腫瘍、結腸癌、大腸癌、頭蓋咽頭腫、皮膚T細胞性リンパ腫、腺管癌、胎児性腫瘍、子宮内膜癌、上衣腫、食道癌、鼻腔神経芽細胞腫、線維性組織球腫、ユーイング肉腫、眼癌、胚細胞腫瘍、胆嚢癌、胃癌、消化管カルチノイド腫瘍、消化管間質性腫瘍、妊娠性絨毛性疾患、神経膠腫、頭頸部癌、有毛細胞白血病、肝細胞癌、組織球増殖症、ホジキンリンパ腫、下咽頭癌、眼内黒色腫、膵島細胞腫瘍、カポジ肉腫、腎臓癌、ランゲルハンス細胞組織球増殖症、喉頭癌、白血病、口唇癌及び口腔癌、肝臓癌、非浸潤性小葉癌、肺癌、リンパ腫、マクログロブリン血症、悪性線維性組織球腫、黒色腫、メルケル細胞癌、中皮腫、原発不明の転移性頸部扁平上皮癌、NUT遺伝子が関連する正中線管癌、口腔癌、多発性内分泌腫瘍症候群、多発性骨髄腫、菌状息肉腫、骨髄異形成症候群、骨髄異形成/骨髄増殖性腫瘍、鼻腔癌及び副鼻腔癌、鼻咽腔癌、神経芽細胞腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、非小細胞肺癌、口腔咽頭癌、骨肉腫、卵巣癌、膵臓癌、乳頭腫症、傍神経節腫、副甲状腺癌、陰茎癌、咽頭癌、褐色細胞腫、下垂体部腫瘍、胸膜肺芽腫、原発性中枢神経系リンパ腫、前立腺癌、直腸癌、腎細胞癌、腎盂癌及び尿管癌、網膜芽細胞腫、ラブドイド腫瘍、唾液腺癌、セザリー症候群、皮膚癌、小細胞肺癌、小腸癌、軟組織肉腫、脊髄腫瘍、胃癌、T細胞リンパ腫、奇形腫、精巣癌、咽頭癌、胸腺腫及び胸腺癌、甲状腺癌、尿道癌、子宮癌、膣癌、外陰癌並びにウィルムス腫瘍から選択される、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載のTBMをコードする1つ又は複数の核酸。
- 請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載のTBMを発現するように操作された細胞。
- 1つ以上のプロモーターの制御下において、請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載のTBMをコードする1つ以上の核酸配列を含む1つ以上の発現ベクターでトランスフェクトされた細胞。
- TBMを産生する方法であって、
(a)前記TBMが発現される条件において、請求項40に記載の細胞を培養することと;
(b)細胞培養物から前記TBMを回収することと
を含む方法。
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