JP2021502476A - Max相を含む合金製タービン部品 - Google Patents
Max相を含む合金製タービン部品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021502476A JP2021502476A JP2020516696A JP2020516696A JP2021502476A JP 2021502476 A JP2021502476 A JP 2021502476A JP 2020516696 A JP2020516696 A JP 2020516696A JP 2020516696 A JP2020516696 A JP 2020516696A JP 2021502476 A JP2021502476 A JP 2021502476A
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- turbine
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910009818 Ti3AlC2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/284—Selection of ceramic materials
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- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/009—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of turbine components other than turbine blades
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- C04B2235/76—Crystal structural characteristics, e.g. symmetry
- C04B2235/761—Unit-cell parameters, e.g. lattice constants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/76—Crystal structural characteristics, e.g. symmetry
- C04B2235/767—Hexagonal symmetry, e.g. beta-Si3N4, beta-Sialon, alpha-SiC or hexa-ferrites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
Abstract
Description
−結晶粒の平均長さが50μm未満であり、
−結晶粒の平均幅−長さ比が0.4〜0.6であり、また、
−Ti3AlC2相の平均格子体積が152.4Å3未満である
ことを特徴とするタービン部品によって達成される。
−基材が炭化チタンを含み、基材中の炭化チタンの質量分率が0.8%未満であること、
−基材がアルミナを含み、基材中のアルミナの質量分率が3%未満であること、
−基材がTixAly金属間化合物を含み、基材中のTixAly化合物の体積分率が1%未満であること、
−基材が鉄および/またはタングステンを含む相を有し、前記相の鉄の平均体積分率とタングステンの平均体積分率との合計が2%未満であること、
−Ti3AlC2相の相対密度が96%超であること、である。
−フラッシュ焼結工程中の圧力が60MPa超であること、
−フラッシュ焼結工程が最高温度で10分未満の熱処理を実施すること、
−フラッシュ焼結工程が、冷却副工程を含み、冷却服工程中における冷却速度が一分間当たり100℃未満であることであり、 −部品の製造方法は、
a)少なくともチタン、アルミニウムおよび炭素を含有する粉末を混合および均一化する工程と、
b)粉末を反応焼結する工程と、
c)粉末の反応焼結の生成物を粉末状態に変換する工程と、
を備え、工程a)〜c)が、ミーリングによる生成物のフラッシュ焼結工程の前に実施される。
結晶粒の「長さ」Lという用語は、結晶粒の重心を通過する直線上における結晶粒の最大寸法を表す。
密には1より大であり、好ましくは1.03〜1.08である。具体的に言えば、後続する反応焼結処理中にAlが蒸発することが、工程の終了したときに得られた部品のアルミニウムの原子分率を低下させる。したがって、ステップ101における1.03〜1.08のアルミニウムの原子分率は、化学量論的化合物の製造を可能にする。したがって、本発明の一態様によれば、基材は、鉄および/またはタングステンを含む層を有し、この相における鉄およびタングステンの平均体積分率の合計は2%未満となる。
Claims (15)
- 多結晶性基材(2)を含むタービン部品であって、基材(2)が結晶粒(3)を含み、結晶粒が少なくとも1つのTi3AlC2相を有し、前記合金相の質量分率が、97%超であり、各結晶粒(3)が、長さおよび幅を有し、
−結晶粒(3)の平均長さが50μm未満であり、
−結晶粒の平均幅−長さ比が0.4〜0.6であり、
−Ti3AlC2相の平均格子体積が152.4Å3未満である、
ことを特徴とする、タービン部品(1)。 - 基材(2)が炭化チタンを含み、基材の炭化チタンの質量分率が0.8%未満である、請求項1に記載のタービン部品(1)。
- 基材がアルミナを含み、基材のアルミナの質量分率が3%未満である、請求項1または2に記載のタービン部品(1)。
- 基材(2)がTixAly金属間化合物を含み、基材のTixAly化合物の体積分率が1%未満である、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のタービン部品(1)。
- 基材が、鉄および/またはタングステンを含む相を有し、前記相の鉄の平均体積分率とタングステンの平均体積分率との合計が2%未満である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のタービン部品(1)。
- Ti3AlC2相の相対密度が96%超である、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のタービン部品(1)。
- 請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の部品(1)を含むことを特徴とするタービン翼。
- 請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の部品(1)を含むことを特徴とするタービンステータ。
- 請求項7に記載のタービン翼および/または請求項8に記載のタービンステータを含むことを特徴とするタービン。
- タービン部品(1)の製造方法であって、部品(1)が多結晶性基材(2)を含み、基材(2)が結晶粒(3)を含み、結晶粒が少なくとも1つのTi3AlC2相を有し、前記合金相の質量分率が97%超であり、各結晶粒(3)が長さおよび幅を有し、結晶粒(3)の平均長さが50μm未満であり、平均幅−長さ比が0.4〜0.6であり、Ti3AlC2相の平均格子体積が152.4Å3未満であり、フラッシュ焼結工程を備えることを特徴とする方法。
- フラッシュ焼結工程中の温度が1400℃未満である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- フラッシュ焼結工程中の圧力が60MPa超である、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- フラッシュ焼結工程において最高温度で10分未満の熱処理を行う、請求項11〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- フラッシュ焼結工程が、冷却副工程を備え、冷却副工程中の冷却速度が毎分当たり100℃未満である、請求項11〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項11〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法であって、
a)少なくともチタン、アルミニウムおよび炭素を含有する粉末を混合および均一化する工程と、
b)粉末を反応焼結する工程と、
c)工程b)の反応焼結の生成物を粉末状態に変換する工程と
をさらに備え、
工程a)〜c)が、ミーリングの生成物のフラッシュ焼結工程の前に実施される方法。
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