JP2021187747A - TGF−β抑制用組成物 - Google Patents
TGF−β抑制用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021187747A JP2021187747A JP2020091645A JP2020091645A JP2021187747A JP 2021187747 A JP2021187747 A JP 2021187747A JP 2020091645 A JP2020091645 A JP 2020091645A JP 2020091645 A JP2020091645 A JP 2020091645A JP 2021187747 A JP2021187747 A JP 2021187747A
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- tgf
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- hydrolyzate
- wheat protein
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Abstract
Description
従来技術では、TGF−βを抑制するための組成物が例示されているが、小麦蛋白質の加水分解物によるTGF−β抑制作用は明らかにされていなかった。
しかしながら特許文献3は運動中に感じる中枢性疲労の軽減に関するものではなく、ましてTGF−β抑制作用は記載も示唆もされていない。
詳細には、小麦蛋白質の加水分解物、好ましくはグルタミン含有ペプチドを含み、特に好ましくは前記グルタミン含有ペプチドの含有量が65〜90質量%であり、前記ペプチドに占めるグルタミン及びグルタミン酸の割合が30〜60質量%であり、小麦蛋白質の加水分解物が分子量5000以上のペプチドを30〜70質量%含む、TGF−β抑制用組成物を提供する。また本発明は、前記の組成物を含有するTGF−β抑制用食品を提供する。
本発明で使用される小麦蛋白質の加水分解物は、高分子の小麦由来の蛋白質を、加水分解することによって比較的分子量の小さいペプチドとすることにより、高いTGF−β抑制作用を獲得させたものである。例えば、運動前又は運動中に本発明の組成物を摂取することで、主観的な運動負荷強度の軽減が期待できる。
なお、小麦蛋白質の加水分解物中、グルタミン含有ペプチドを除く残部としては炭水化物、灰分、遊離アミノ酸などが挙げられる。
また、本発明のTGF−β抑制用組成物及びTGF−β抑制用食品は後述する実施例に示す通り、特にクエン酸カリウムを含む場合に顕著に呈味性に優れ、呈味性とTGF−β抑制能と安全性を兼ね備え、熱中症予防にも効果のあるものとなる。
小麦グルテン加水分解物(日清ファルマ製「GP-1N」)28.00kg、トレハロース(林原製)6.85kg、無水クエン酸(昭和化工製)10.50kg、クエン酸三ナトリウム二水和物(昭和化工製)6.24kg、クエン酸三カリウム(昭和化工製)3.50kg、硫酸マグネシウム七水和物(富田製薬製)1.17kg、乳酸カルシウム五水和物(太平化学産業製)2.33kgを混合し、流動層造粒機(パウレック製)を使用して造粒することで、造粒末69.59kgを得た。造粒のバインダーは、精製水に小麦グルテン加水分解物(日清ファルマ製「GP-1N」)7.00kg、プルラン(林原製)0.99kg、アセスルファムカリウム(MCフード製)0.70kgを溶解させ、全量を噴霧した。造粒末に消泡剤1.51kg、香料0.80kgを混合した。
以上の工程により、1日用量12gに小麦グルテン加水分解物6gを含有する組成物を得た。
下記の方法による分析の結果、小麦グルテン加水分解物中のグルタミン含有ペプチドの割合は70質量%(1日の用量12g中4.2g)であり、グルタミン含有ペプチドの構成アミノ酸中、グルタミン及びグルタミン酸の割合は40質量%であった。また、小麦グルテン加水分解物が分子量5000以上のペプチドを32質量%含むこと、平均分子量が4700であることを確認した。実施例1で得られた組成物の1日用量12g中に、クエン酸カリウムは0.6g、クエン酸ナトリウムは0.94gであった。また実施例1で得られた組成物の1日用量12g中に、クエン酸量は2.7g、マグネシウム28.0mg(金属基準の量),カルシウム56.0mg(金属基準の量),カリウム(金属基準の量)260mgであることを確認した。
(グルタミン含有ペプチド中のグルタミン及びグルタミン酸の量)
小麦グルテン加水分解物中のグルタミン含有ペプチドは,アミノ酸(18種類;Arg,Lys,His,Phe,Tyr,Leu,Ile,Met,Val,Ala,Gly,Pro,Glu+Gln,Ser,Thr,Asp+Asn,Trp,Cys)の総量として定量した。具体的には、以下のように測定した。
サンプルは、以下の方法で調製した。
試料0.2〜1.5gを封菅用試験管に正確にはかりとり、6mol/L塩酸(0.04%(v/v)メルカプトエタノール含有)20mLを加えた。2.0kPa以下の減圧下で15分間脱気後、封菅し、110℃で24時間加水分解を行った。加水分解後、冷却、開菅し、加水分解液を容量100mL全量フラスコに移し水で定容して濃度調整した。定容した加水分解液を3mol/L水酸化ナトリウム溶液でpH2.2に調整し、0.067mol/Lクエン酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH2.2)で定容して0.45μmフィルターでろ過した。
前記で得られた18種のアミノ酸の合計量をグルタミン含有ペプチドの割合とした。さらに、前記で得られたGlu+Glnの量から、グルタミン含有ペプチドに占めるグルタミン及びグルタミン酸の割合を算出した。
分母となる小麦グルテン加水分解物の量は、精密天秤を用いて測定した質量とした。
HPLC法による分子量分布の測定により求めた。
下記のペプチド用ゲルろ過カラムを用いたHPLCシステムを組み、分子量マーカーとなる既知のペプチドをチャージし、分子量と保持時間の関係において検量線を求めた。サンプル調製は、試料約0.02gを採取し、水、アセトニトリル及びトリフルオロ酢酸の混液(体積比55:45:0.1)10mLを加え、室温で一晩放置した後、0.45μmフィルターでろ過した。サンプル液20μLをHPLCにアプライした。小麦蛋白質の加水分解物中の分子量5000以上のペプチド画分の割合(%)は、全体の吸光度のチャート面積に対する、分子量5000以上の範囲(時間範囲)の面積の割合によって求めた。また分子量200〜100000の範囲における重量平均分子量を平均分子量とした。
カラムとしては、東ソー社製TSKgel G2500PWXL(直径7.8mm×長さ300mm)を用いた。
移動相としては、水、アセトニトリル及びトリフルオロ酢酸の混液(体積比55:45:0.1)を用いた。
カラム温度は40℃、流速0.5ml/min、検出波長220nmとした。
分子量マーカーとしては以下のものを用いた
Cytochrome C(分子量12327)
Aprotinin(分子量6512)
Bacitracin(分子量1450)
AngiotensinII(分子量1046)
Gly−Gly−Tyr−Arg(分子量451)
Gly−Gly−Gly(分子量189)
対照組成物は,小麦グルテン加水分解物の代わりに賦形剤(デキストリン)を配合したプラセボとし,小麦グルテン加水分解物以外の原材料及び製造方法が実施例1で製造した組成物と同一の組成物(比較例1)とした。両組成物は外観,風味,性状に区別がつかないことを確認し,盲検化して試験に用いた。
20歳以上65歳未満で健康な日本人男女18名(男性14名、女性4名)を対象に、プラセボ対照ランダム化二重盲検クロスオーバー比較試験を実施した。18名の被験者は、層別ランダム化法による割付を行い、2群に分けた(A群:9名、B群:9名)。
A群は、実施例1の組成物を8日間、1日12gを毎日水500mLに溶かして経口摂取させた後、休止期間2週間を置き、その後、比較例1の組成物を8日間、1日12gを毎日水500mLに溶かして経口摂取させた。
B群は、比較例1の組成物を8日間、1日12gを毎日水500mLに溶かして経口摂取させた後、休止期間2週間を置き、その後、実施例1の組成物を8日間、1日12gを毎日水500mLに溶かして経口摂取させた。
A群及びB群のいずれにおいても、8日間+2週間+8日間の試験期間中については、30分以上の運動を週に2回以上しないようにさせた。
8日間の摂取期間開始日(摂取前)と、摂取期間終了日(摂取後)で自転車エルゴメーター(エアロバイク(登録商標)75XLIII((株)コナミスポーツライフ))による運動負荷を60分間かけ、運動負荷終了直後の血漿中総TGF−βの濃度を下記方法で測定した。血漿中TGF−β濃度はELISA法により測定した。結果を表1に示す。
前記(血漿中TGF−β濃度)試験において、男性14名(1回目のA群6名、B群8名)を対象に、前記の摂取前及び前記の摂取後における運動負荷直前,直後に主観的運動強度を評価させた。主観的運動強度として、6から20までの15段階の等級(6:安静の状態,7:非常に楽である,9:かなり楽である,11:楽である,13:ややきつい,15:きつい,17:かなりきつい,19:非常にきつい)に対して運動時の状態がどの等級に相当するかを回答させ,記録した。実施例1の組成物摂取群及び比較例1の組成物摂取群のそれぞれのスコアの平均値を表2に示す。
実施例1において、クエン酸カリウムを全量無水クエン酸に変更した。その点以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例2の組成物を製造した。
実施例1において、クエン酸カリウムを全量クエン酸ナトリウムに変更した。その点以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例3の組成物を製造した。
実施例1において、クエン酸カリウムを全量塩化カリウムに変更した。その点以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例4の組成物を製造した。
実施例1において、クエン酸カリウムをトレハロースに変更した。
その点以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例5の組成物を製造した。
呈味性は、20歳以上65歳未満で健康な日本人5名(男性3名、女性2名)のパネラーによる官能評価によって評価した。官能評価は、以下の基準で点数付けし、5名の平均値を算出した。結果を表3に示す。一人のパネラーの各サンプルの摂取量は、水500mLあたりに実施例1〜5の組成物が12g含まれるように溶かし、50〜200mLを経口摂取させた。
5:小麦蛋白質の加水分解物由来の味、酸味、甘味のバランスが非常に良い。
4:小麦蛋白質の加水分解物由来の味、酸味、甘味のバランスが良い。
3:小麦蛋白質の加水分解物由来の味、酸味、甘味のバランスは普通である。
2:小麦蛋白質の加水分解物由来の味、酸味、甘味のバランスが悪い。
1:小麦蛋白質の加水分解物由来の味、酸味、甘味のバランスが非常に悪い。
Claims (7)
- 小麦蛋白質の加水分解物を含有するTGF−β抑制用組成物。
- 小麦蛋白質の加水分解物として、グルタミン含有ペプチドを65〜90質量%含み、前記ペプチドに占めるグルタミン及びグルタミン酸の割合が30〜60質量%である加水分解物を用いる、請求項1に記載のTGF−β抑制用組成物。
- 前記小麦蛋白質の加水分解物が、分子量5000以上のペプチドを30〜70質量%含む、請求項1又は2に記載のTGF−β抑制用組成物。
- クエン酸カリウムを含有する、請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載のTGF−β抑制用組成物。
- クエン酸ナトリウムを更に含有する、請求項4に記載のTGF−β抑制用組成物。
- クエン酸、マグネシウム、カルシウム及びカリウムから選択される1種以上を含有する、請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載のTGF−β抑制用組成物。
- 請求項1〜6の何れか1項に記載の組成物を含有する、TGF−β抑制用食品。
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