JP2021181780A - Geothermal exchanger and geothermal power generating set - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a geothermal exchanger which can stabilize a temperature and a flow rate of steam to be produced while being adapted to a situation of a temperature change of a well even in a situation that a temperature of withdrawn geothermal energy is not stabilized, can efficiently perform heat exchange even if using a geothermal zone in a middle-low temperature which is equal to, or lower than about 180°C, and can increase a geothermal energy sampling amount by increasing the number of places being objects of a geothermal development.SOLUTION: A geothermal exchanger 1 comprises a pressure water heater 14 for heating pressure water which is withdrawn on the ground, and heating by the pressure water heater 14 is performed by an external heat source other than a heat source which is acquired from a geothermal zone. The geothermal exchanger also comprises a circulation water heater 17 for heating water which is accumulated in a first circulation water tank 16, and heating by the circulation water heater 17 is performed by the external heat source other than the heat source which is acquired from the geothermal zone.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a geothermal exchanger and a geothermal power generation device capable of efficiently extracting geothermal energy.

Geothermal power generation, which uses geothermal energy to generate electricity, uses a high-temperature magma layer as a heat source, can be semi-permanent heat energy, and does not generate greenhouse gases in the process of power generation. In recent years, it has been attracting attention as an alternative to fuel. In addition, the accident at the nuclear power plant has forced Japan's energy policy, which relied heavily on nuclear power, to be fundamentally reviewed, raising expectations for the utilization of geothermal energy.

In the conventional geothermal power generation, the geothermal power is bored, and the natural steam and hot water existing in the geothermal power are extracted by using the natural pressure to generate electricity. Therefore, the extracted steam and hot water contain a large amount of sulfur and other impurities peculiar to the tropics. These impurities become scales and adhere to hot wells, pipes, turbines, and the like. If the scale adheres, the power generation output will decrease over time, making it difficult to use for a long period of time.

In order to solve the problem of this scale, a geothermal exchanger that adopts a method of sending water from the ground and extracting energy is described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. Further, Patent Document 3 describes an invention relating to a geothermal exchanger provided with a means for improving the flash rate underground for the purpose of effectively extracting geothermal energy.

Japanese Patent No. 4927136 Japanese Patent No. 5731051 Japanese Patent No. 6176890

Both of the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1, 2 and 3 use a double-tube geothermal exchanger buried underground, and a common drawback caused by this is the temperature of the geothermal energy to be extracted. It is not constant. In particular, in geothermal development, it is important to develop a geothermal power generation system targeting the mid-low temperature zone of about 180 ° C or less, which is overwhelmingly present in the whole country. The problem caused by the temperature instability of geothermal energy becomes remarkable. Therefore, there arises a problem that the temperature and flow rate of the produced steam are not stable and the power generation output is not stable. In addition, the flow of geothermal fluid in the geotropics also causes the geothermal temperature to not stabilize.

It is difficult to find a geothermal fluid that can flow underground and exchange heat continuously, which is a factor in increasing boring costs. In addition, since the temperature of the well drops after heat exchange, it is necessary to be able to respond to the situation of temperature change in the well when using the well as a heat source.

The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and is produced by making it possible to cope with the situation of temperature change in the well even under the situation where the temperature of the geothermal energy to be taken out is not stable. The temperature and flow rate of the steam can be stabilized, and even in the mid-low temperature geothermal area of about 180 ° C or less, heat can be exchanged efficiently, increasing the number of places targeted for geothermal development. , A geothermal exchanger that can increase the amount of geothermal energy collected, and a geothermal power generation device that can efficiently generate a large amount of power using this geothermal exchanger and effectively utilize the geothermal resources in the power generation area. The purpose is to provide.

In order to solve the above problems, the geothermal exchanger of the present invention has an outer pipe provided in the ground and to which water pressurized from the ground is supplied, and an outer pipe arranged inside the outer pipe. The pressure water taken out from the inner pipe is provided with an inner pipe in which the hot water generated by supplying heat from the geotropic rises without containing steam with respect to the pressure water descending to the geotroph. Is a geothermal exchanger that is sent to a steam generator and taken out as steam in the steam generator, with a first flash rate improving means, the first flash rate improving means being the pressure taken out to the ground. It is composed of a pressure water heater that heats water, heating by the pressure water heater is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa, and the pressure water taken out from the inner pipe is heated by the pressure water heater. It is characterized in that it is sent to a steam generator after being generated.

The pressure water taken out to the ground is heated by a pressure water heater, and the heating by the pressure water heater is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropic, so that the temperature of the geothermal energy to be taken out is stable. Even under such circumstances, the flash rate can be improved and the amount of steam generated can be increased by setting the degree of heating by the pressure water heater according to the temperature of the geothermal energy.

Since the pressure water taken out to the ground has a larger heat capacity than the steam, the energy required for heating is larger than that when the steam is heated, but the flash rate is increased by heating the pressure water. It will improve step by step. Further, since the energy required for heating is generated by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa, there is no hindrance to the acquisition of heat energy from the geotropa. The improvement of the flash rate has a great effect of reducing the amount of circulating water, the capacity of the well circulation pump can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency is greatly improved. Further, when the circulating water amount is kept constant, the improvement of the flash rate directly leads to the increase of the steam amount, and the power generation output increases.

Therefore, even in the mid-low temperature geothermal area of about 180 ° C or less, the temperature and flow rate of the hot water to be produced can be stabilized and heat exchange can be performed efficiently, which is the target of geothermal development. It is possible to increase the number and increase the amount of geothermal energy collected.

The geothermal exchanger of the present invention includes a pressure boosting pump that raises the pressure water taken out from the inner pipe to the ground to increase the pressure, and a well circulation pump that injects circulating water into the outer pipe. Can be.

The well circulation pump is responsible for the loss head of the double pipe and the loss head of the pipe above the ground, and the pressure booster pump is responsible for the boiling pressure of the pressure water taken out from the double pipe. Prevents cavitation. Smooth control is possible by sharing the roles of water injection and removal into the double pipe by the two pumps, the well circulation pump and the booster pump.

In the geothermal exchanger of the present invention, a pressure water tank for storing the pressure water taken out from the inner pipe, a pressure water pump for sending the pressure water from the pressure water tank to the pressure water heater, and the pressure water in the pressure water tank. pressure water tank pressure water temperature measuring unit for measuring a temperature, and a pressure water flow rate measuring unit that measures the flow rate of the pressure water, pressure by the rotation speed of the control of the rotational speed control and pressure water pump of the pressure increasing pump It can be assumed that the flow rate of water is controlled and the temperature of the pressure water in the pressure water tank is controlled.

As a result, the temperature of the pressure water can be controlled, and even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to the temperature change of the geothermal heat, and it is possible to stabilize the temperature and the flow rate of the steam produced.

The geothermal exchanger of the present invention includes a first circulating water tank in which the condensate water obtained by cooling the steam at the outlet of the turbine and the pressure water obtained by removing the steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator are guided. , The third flash rate improving means is provided, and the third flash rate improving means is composed of a circulating water heater that heats the water stored in the first circulating water tank, and the heating by the circulating water heater is ground. It can be assumed that it is made by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the tropics.

The water stored in the first circulating water tank is heated by the circulating water heater, and the heating by the circulating water heater is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa. Even under the situation where the temperature is not stable, the flash rate can be improved and the amount of steam generated can be increased by setting the degree of heating by the circulating water heater according to the temperature of the geothermal energy. can.

In the geothermal exchanger of the present invention, a transfer water pump that sends pressure water excluding steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator to the first circulating water tank as transfer water, and a transfer for measuring the amount of transfer water. The water amount measuring unit, the pressure water temperature measuring unit in the steam generator that measures the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator, and the first circulating water temperature that measures the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank. A measuring unit is provided, and the flow rate of the transferred water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the transferred water pump, and the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator and the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank are controlled. Can be.

This makes it possible to control the temperature of pressure water and circulating water, and even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to changes in the temperature of the geothermal heat and stabilize the temperature and flow rate of the steam produced. can.

In the geothermal exchanger of the present invention, the second circulating water tank for storing the circulating water heated by the circulating water heater and the second circulating water for measuring the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank. It is equipped with a temperature measuring unit and a circulating water amount measuring unit that measures the amount of circulating water sent from the second circulating water tank to the outer pipe via the well circulation pump, and is said to be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the well circulation pump. The flow rate of the circulating water sent to the outer pipe can be controlled, and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank can be controlled.

As a result, the temperature of the circulating water can be controlled, and even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to the temperature change of the geothermal heat, and it is possible to stabilize the temperature and the flow rate of the steam produced.

The geothermal exchanger of the present invention includes a return water pump that sends the return water from the second circulating water tank to the pressure water tank, and a return water amount measuring unit that measures the amount of return water, and rotates the return water pump. The flow rate of the return water can be controlled by controlling the number, and the temperature of the pressure water in the pressure water tank and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank can be controlled.

This makes it possible to control the temperature of pressure water and circulating water, and even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to changes in the temperature of the geothermal heat and stabilize the temperature and flow rate of the steam produced. can.

Further, the geoheat exchanger of the present invention has a double pipe structure including an outer pipe provided in the ground and to which water is supplied from the ground and an inner pipe arranged inside the outer pipe, and is an inner pipe. Is equipped with a pressure valve installed inside it, heat is supplied from the geotropic to the water in the outer pipe, a high pressure area where high pressure hot water is generated without boiling is formed, and a pressure valve is installed. The pressure valve opens when the pressure difference between the pressure of the high-pressure hot water in the high-pressure area and the decompression area in the inner pipe exceeds the set reference value, and when the pressure valve opens, the high-pressure hot water in the high-pressure area opens. It is a geothermal exchanger that flows into the inner pipe and the pressure in the decompression area in the inner pipe is reduced to near the pressure required by the turbine and converted into a gas-liquid two-phase flow, and is equipped with a second flash rate improving means. The second flash rate improving means is composed of a pressure water heater that heats the pressure water obtained by separating steam from the gas-liquid two-phase flow taken out to the ground, and the heating by the pressure water heater is ground. The pressure water produced by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the tropics and obtained by separating the steam from the gas-liquid two-phase flow is heated by the pressure water heater and then sent to the steam generator. It is a feature.

The pressure water obtained by separating steam from the two-phase flow of gas and liquid taken out to the ground is heated by a pressure water heater, and the heating by the pressure water heater is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa. By doing so, even if the temperature of the geothermal energy to be taken out is not stable, the flash rate can be improved by setting the degree of heating by the pressure water heater according to the temperature of the geothermal energy. And the amount of steam generated can be increased.

Since the gas-liquid two-phase flow taken out to the ground has a larger heat capacity than the steam, the energy required for heating is larger than that in the case of heating the steam, but the steam is removed from the gas-liquid two-phase flow. By heating the pressure water obtained separately, the flash rate is improved to each stage. Further, since the energy required for heating is generated by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa, there is no hindrance to the acquisition of heat energy from the geotropa. The improvement of the flash rate has a great effect of reducing the amount of circulating water, the capacity of the well circulation pump can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency is greatly improved. Further, when the circulating water amount is kept constant, the improvement of the flash rate directly leads to the increase of the steam amount, and the power generation output increases.

Therefore, even in the mid-low temperature geothermal area of about 180 ° C or less, the temperature and flow rate of the hot water to be produced can be stabilized and heat exchange can be performed efficiently, which is the target of geothermal development. It is possible to increase the number and increase the amount of geothermal energy collected.

In the geothermal exchanger of the present invention, the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank for storing the gas-liquid two-phase flow taken out from the inner pipe and the pressure water obtained by separating the steam from the gas-liquid two-phase flow are gas. A pressure water pump that sends from the liquid two-phase flow tank to the pressure water heater, a pressure water temperature measuring unit in the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank that measures the temperature of the pressure water in the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank, and pressure water. It is equipped with a pressure water flow rate measuring unit that measures the flow rate, and the flow rate of the pressure water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the pressure water pump, and the temperature of the pressure water in the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank is controlled. Can be done.

This makes it possible to control the temperature of the pressure water obtained by separating steam from the two-phase flow of gas and liquid, and even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to changes in the temperature of the geothermal heat and it is produced. The temperature and flow rate of steam can be stabilized.

The geothermal exchanger of the present invention includes a first circulating water tank in which the condensate water obtained by cooling the steam at the outlet of the turbine and the pressure water obtained by removing the steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator are guided. , The fourth flash rate improving means is provided, and the fourth flash rate improving means is composed of a circulating water heater that heats the water stored in the first circulating water tank, and the heating by the circulating water heater is ground. It can be assumed that it is made by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the tropics.

The water stored in the first circulating water tank is heated by the circulating water heater, and the heating by the circulating water heater is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa. Even under the situation where the temperature is not stable, the flash rate can be improved and the amount of steam generated can be increased by setting the degree of heating by the circulating water heater according to the temperature of the geothermal energy. can.

In the geothermal exchanger of the present invention, a transfer water pump that sends pressure water excluding steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator to the first circulating water tank as transfer water, and a transfer for measuring the amount of transfer water. The water amount measuring unit, the pressure water temperature measuring unit in the steam generator that measures the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator, and the first circulating water temperature that measures the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank. A measuring unit is provided, and the flow rate of the transferred water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the transferred water pump, and the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator and the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank are controlled. Can be.

This makes it possible to control the temperature of pressure water and circulating water obtained by separating steam from the two-phase flow of gas and liquid, and even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to changes in the temperature of the geothermal heat. The temperature and flow rate of the steam produced can be stabilized.

In the geothermal exchanger of the present invention, the second circulating water tank for storing the circulating water heated by the circulating water heater and the second circulating water for measuring the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank. It is equipped with a temperature measuring unit and a circulating water amount measuring unit that measures the amount of circulating water sent from the inside of the second circulating water tank to the outer pipe via the well circulation pump, and controls the rotation speed of the well circulation pump. The flow rate of the circulating water sent to the outer pipe is controlled, and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank can be controlled.

As a result, the temperature of the circulating water can be controlled, and even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to the temperature change of the geothermal heat, and it is possible to stabilize the temperature and the flow rate of the steam produced.

The geothermal exchanger of the present invention includes a return water pump that sends the return water from the second circulating water tank to the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank, and a return water amount measuring unit that measures the amount of return water. The flow rate of the return water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the water pump, and the temperature of the pressure water in the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank are controlled. Can be done.

This makes it possible to control the temperature of pressure water and circulating water, and even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to changes in the temperature of the geothermal heat and stabilize the temperature and flow rate of the steam produced. can.

In the geothermal exchanger of the present invention, a steam heater that heats the steam produced by the steam generator, a steam tank that stores the heated steam, and steam temperature measurement that measures the temperature of the steam in the steam tank. It is equipped with a unit and a steam flow rate measuring unit that measures the steam flow rate, and heating by the steam heater is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropic, depending on the temperature of the steam in the steam tank and the steam flow rate. Therefore, the steam temperature and the steam flow rate can be controlled.

This makes it possible to control the temperature of steam, and even when geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to changes in the temperature of geothermal heat, and it is possible to stabilize the temperature and flow rate of steam produced.

In the geothermal exchanger of the present invention, the external heat source can be the surplus heat of biomass power generation.

In the geothermal exchanger of the present invention, the external heat source can be from the combustion gas of LPG.

The geothermal power generation device of the present invention is characterized in that power is generated using the geothermal power exchanger of the present invention.

Since the geothermal exchanger of the present invention can improve the flash rate, it is possible to generate a large amount of power. Further, even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to the temperature change of the geothermal heat and the power generation output is stable.

According to the present invention, even under the condition that the temperature of the geothermal energy to be taken out is not stable, it is possible to cope with the situation of the temperature change of the well, and the temperature and the flow rate of the produced steam can be stabilized. It is possible to efficiently exchange heat even in the mid-low temperature geothermal area of about 180 ° C or less, increase the number of places targeted for geothermal development, and increase the amount of geothermal energy collected. It is possible to realize a geothermal power generation device that can efficiently generate a large amount of power by using a geothermal exchanger and this geothermal exchanger and effectively utilize the geothermal resources in the power generation area.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the geothermal exchanger and the geothermal power generation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the geothermal exchanger and the geothermal power generation apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the geothermal exchanger and the geothermal power generation apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the geothermal exchanger and the geothermal power generation apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the geothermal exchanger and the geothermal power generation device of the present invention will be described based on the embodiments thereof.
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the geothermal exchanger and the geothermal power generation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The geothermal exchanger 1 is arranged in the outer pipe 2 provided in the ground and supplied with water pressurized by the well circulation pump 9, and inside the outer pipe 2, and the inside of the outer pipe 2 is extended to the geotropa. It is provided with an inner pipe 3 in which the hot water generated by supplying heat from the geotropic to the falling pressure water rises in a state where it does not contain steam. The pressure water taken out from the inner pipe 3 is sent to the steam generator 10 and taken out as steam in the steam generator 10. A heat insulating portion 20 is formed at a place where the outer pipe 2 is in contact with a low temperature zone near the ground surface.

The geothermal exchanger 1 is provided with a first means for improving the flash rate. The first means for improving the flash rate is composed of a pressure water heater 14 for heating the pressure water taken out to the ground, and the heating by the pressure water heater 14 is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa. .. Therefore, the pressure water taken out from the inner pipe 3 is heated by the pressure water heater 14 and then sent to the steam generator 10. As the external heat source, the surplus heat of biomass power generation can be used, and in addition, the combustion gas flow by LPG can be used. The steam generated by the steam generator 10 is introduced into the high-pressure portion of the turbine 12 through the separator 11 to drive the turbine 12 and generate electricity by the generator.

The steam leaving the turbine 12 is then cooled by the cooling water in the condenser 18 and returned to water. The condensate obtained by cooling the steam at the outlet of the turbine 12 is guided to the first circulating water tank 16. Further, the pressure water obtained by removing the steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator 10 is guided to the first circulating water tank 16 through the separator 11.

The geothermal exchanger 1 is provided with a third flash rate improving means, and the third flash rate improving means is composed of a circulating water heater 17 for heating the water stored in the first circulating water tank 16. The heating by the circulating water heater 17 is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geothermal. As the external heat source, the surplus heat of biomass power generation can be used, and in addition, the combustion gas flow by LPG can be used.

The water in the first circulating water tank 16 heated by the circulating water heater 17 is pressurized by the well circulation pump 9 and is supplied to the outer pipe 2 again. By repeating this process, geothermal heat is continuously extracted.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the geothermal exchanger and the geothermal power generation device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
The geothermal exchanger 1 has a double pipe structure including an outer pipe 2 provided in the ground and supplied with water from the ground and an inner pipe 3 arranged inside the outer pipe 2, and the inner pipe 3 is a double pipe structure. It is provided with a pressure valve 6 provided inside the pressure valve 6. A high-pressure area 5 is formed in which high-pressure hot water is generated without boiling by supplying heat to the water in the outer pipe 2 from the geotropa, and in the high-pressure area 5 at the position where the pressure valve 6 is installed. The pressure valve 6 opens when the pressure difference between the pressure of the high-pressure hot water and the pressure-reducing area 8 in the inner pipe 3 exceeds the set reference value, and when the pressure valve 6 opens, the high-pressure hot water enters from the high-pressure area 5. It flows into the pipe 3, and the upper part of the decompression area 8 of the inner pipe 3 is depressurized near the pressure required by the turbine and converted into a gas-liquid two-phase flow. The pressure valve 6 is opened by setting the pressure for pressurizing the water injected into the outer pipe 2 by the well circulation pump 9. A heat insulating portion 20 is formed at a place where the outer pipe 2 is in contact with a low temperature zone near the ground surface.

The reference value for opening the pressure valve 6 is set by using the pressure of the high-pressure hot water in the high-pressure area 5 at the position where the pressure valve 6 is installed as the saturation pressure at the water saturation temperature determined from the temperature conditions of the geotropical zone. , The pressure valve 6 can be opened beyond the set reference value of the pressure difference.

Further, for setting the reference value for opening the pressure valve 6, the pressure of the high-pressure hot water in the high-pressure area 5 at the position where the pressure valve 6 is installed is set as the vicinity of the critical water pressure, and the setting reference value of the pressure difference is set. It is also possible to open the pressure valve 6 beyond that.

The geothermal exchanger 1 is provided with a second flash rate improving means. The second flash rate improving means is composed of a pressure water heater 15 for heating the pressure water obtained by separating steam from the gas-liquid two-phase flow taken out to the ground, and the heating by the pressure water heater 15 is performed. It is done by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa. Therefore, the pressure water obtained by separating the steam from the two-phase flow of gas and liquid is heated by the pressure water heater 15 and then sent to the steam generator 10. As the external heat source, the surplus heat of biomass power generation can be used, and in addition, the combustion gas flow by LPG can be used. The steam generated by the steam generator 10 is introduced into the high-pressure portion of the turbine 12, drives the turbine 12, and is generated by a generator.

The steam leaving the turbine 12 is then cooled by the cooling water in the condenser 18 and returned to water. The condensate obtained by cooling the steam at the outlet of the turbine 12 is guided to the first circulating water tank 16. Further, the pressure water obtained by removing the steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator 10 is guided to the first circulating water tank 16 through the separator 11.

The geothermal exchanger 1 is provided with a fourth flash rate improving means, and the fourth flash rate improving means is composed of a circulating water heater 17 for heating the water stored in the first circulating water tank 16. The heating by the circulating water heater 17 is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geothermal. As the external heat source, the surplus heat of biomass power generation can be used, and in addition, the combustion gas flow by LPG can be used.

The water in the first circulating water tank 16 heated by the circulating water heater 17 is pressurized by the well circulation pump 9 and is supplied to the outer pipe 2 again. By repeating this process, geothermal heat is continuously extracted.

Specific examples are shown below.
As a conventional example, the pressure water temperature in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 4927136), which is a prior art, is 160 ° C. and the generated steam temperature is 130 ° C., and the pressure water in the first embodiment of the present invention is used. The temperature is heated by the pressure water heater 14 to 180 ° C., and the generated steam temperature is 130 ° C. as Example 1, and the circulating water temperature in the first embodiment of the present invention is the circulating water heater 17. The performance was compared with Example 2 in which the temperature was 180 ° C. and the generated steam temperature was 130 ° C.

In the present invention, since steam production utilizes the physical phenomenon of decompression boiling, it is important to increase the temperature difference between the pressure water and the steam to increase the flash rate.
Table 1 shows a saturated steam table, and Table 2 shows a flash rate table in the temperature range in the present invention. The flash rate is displayed in%. The formula is
(High temperature saturated water h "-low temperature saturated water h") / Low temperature evaporation latent heat is used.

Under atmospheric pressure, water turns into steam at 100 ° C., but in a region pressurized above atmospheric pressure, it can exist as pressure water up to a temperature commensurate with the pressure. When the pressure in the pressure water region is lowered, the pressure water releases a part of the enthalpy and lowers to a temperature commensurate with the reduced pressure to equilibrate. This physical phenomenon is called decompression boiling, and it is a mechanism that generates steam commensurate with the amount of decompression. Many geothermal power plants in geothermal fields take out natural pressure water and boil it under reduced pressure to produce steam. When pressure water is boiled under reduced pressure, pressure hot water is produced at the same time as steam, and the ratio of this steam is called the flash rate. To produce steam by boiling under reduced pressure, there are methods of raising the temperature of pressure water or lowering the temperature of steam. Since lowering the temperature of steam is not suitable for power generation, it is rational to raise the temperature of pressure water to increase the flash rate and increase steam production.

From the above viewpoints, the present invention aims to improve the flash rate.
Based on the formula for calculating the flash rate
(Latent heat of high-temperature pressure water-Latent heat of low-temperature pressure water) / When high-temperature pressure water at 160 ° C is boiled under reduced pressure (flash) at 140 ° C using the latent heat of vaporization of low-temperature pressure water, the flash rate is 4.0%. It becomes.

If the flash rate can be increased, the amount of circulating water can be reduced if the amount of steam required by the turbine is constant, and the amount of steam produced can be increased if the amount of circulating water is constant. Can be done. In the present invention, the flash rate can be increased by raising the temperature of the pressure water or the circulating water by using an external heat source other than geothermal heat. In the following, we will consider from these two viewpoints. In the following description, the circulating water may be referred to as circulating water including pressure water because it means water circulating in the geothermal exchanger, and the amount of the circulating water is defined as the circulating water amount.

First, the case where the amount of steam required by the turbine is constant will be described.
Table 3 shows the steam conditions.

Table 4 shows the flash rate, the amount of circulating water, and the capacity required for heating for the conventional example, the first embodiment, and the second embodiment.

Table 5 shows the calculation of the amount of heat required to heat 160 ° C. pressure water to 180 ° C.

The required capacity of the pressure water heater is
(Circulating water volume x ((Latent heat of high temperature pressure water)-(Latent heat of low temperature pressure)))
Seeking by. The temperature of circulating water and the temperature of pressure water are assumed to be in a constant proportional relationship, and the steam temperature is constant.

Since the amount of circulating water will change depending on the flash rate, the capacity of the well circulation pump will be calculated.
Table 6 shows the numerical values of the double pipes used.

As a condition, the boiling pressure was pressurized to set the pump efficiency to 80%. The depth of the well is 500 m, and the inner pipe adds 10% of the head loss above the ground. Darcy-Weisbach's formula was adopted as the formula for the head loss. The calculated values of head loss are shown in Table 7.

The calculation results of the pump capacity are shown in Table 8.

In this way, since the amount of circulating water is small, the capacity of the well circulation pump used for pressurization can be small.

Next, a case where the amount of circulating water is constant will be described.
The steam conditions shown in Table 3 and the capacities required for heating shown in Tables 4 and 5 are the same here, and Table 9 shows the calculation of the power generation output.

Here, the power generation value is proportional to the amount of steam. The power generation value exceeds the value required for heating and has been shown to be effective.

Table 10 summarizes the data showing the effect of the present invention.

According to the present invention, since the flash rate is greatly improved, the effect of reducing the pump capacity is large, which exceeds the capacity required for heating. Therefore, it can be said that the effect of the present invention is very large. It is preferable to apply it to power generation of 500 kW or more.

In this way, increasing the flash rate has a large effect of reducing the amount of circulating water, the capacity of the well circulation pump is significantly reduced, and the power generation efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, when the amount of circulating water is constant, an increase in the flash rate directly leads to an increase in the amount of steam, and the power generation output increases. Utilization of a heat source from the outside is effective as a means for raising the temperature of circulating water or pressure water, and the most prominent example thereof is utilization of surplus heat of biomass power generation.

In the above explanation, the case of heating the pressure water is examined, but when the gas-liquid two-phase flow is heated, the flash rate can be improved by the same principle, and the same effect can be obtained. Can be done.

Hereinafter, the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment provided with the temperature control means will be described with respect to the geothermal exchanger and the geothermal power generation device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the geothermal exchanger and the geothermal power generation device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
The geothermal exchanger 1 is arranged in the outer pipe 2 provided in the ground and supplied with water pressurized by the well circulation pump 9, and inside the outer pipe 2, and the inside of the outer pipe 2 is extended to the geotropa. It is provided with an inner pipe 3 in which the hot water generated by supplying heat from the geotropic to the falling pressure water rises in a state where it does not contain steam. The pressure water taken out from the inner pipe 3 is sent to the steam generator 10 and taken out as steam in the steam generator 10. A heat insulating portion 20 is formed at a place where the outer pipe 2 is in contact with a low temperature zone near the ground surface.

The pressure water taken out from the inner pipe 3 via the pressure boosting pump 45 is stored in the pressure water tank 22 and sent to the pressure water heater 14 by the pressure water pump 21. A pressure water temperature measuring unit 32 for measuring the temperature of the pressure water in the pressure water tank 22 and a pressure water flow rate measuring unit 31 for measuring the flow rate of the pressure water are provided, and the pressure water in the pressure water tank 22 is provided. The pressure in the pressure water tank 22 is controlled so that the flow rate of pressure water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the booster pump 45 and the rotation speed of the pressure water pump 21 according to the temperature, and the pressure water temperature becomes a set value. The temperature of the water is controlled.

A sufficient amount is stored in the pressure water tank 22 so as to be able to cope with the temperature change of the well. The pressure water stored in the pressure water tank 22 is taken out by the pressure water pump 21 in an amount determined by the flash rate calculated based on the steam flow rate, the steam temperature, and the steam pressure.

The geothermal exchanger 1 is provided with a first means for improving the flash rate. The first means for improving the flash rate is composed of a pressure water heater 14 for heating the pressure water taken out to the ground, and the heating by the pressure water heater 14 is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa. It is done by the combustion gas flow obtained from the combustion furnace 30. As the external heat source, the surplus heat of biomass power generation can be used, and in addition, the combustion gas flow by LPG can be used. Therefore, the pressure water taken out from the inner pipe 3 is heated by the pressure water heater 14 and then sent to the steam generator 10. The steam generated by the steam generator 10 is introduced into the high-pressure portion of the turbine 12 through the separator 11 to drive the turbine 12, and the generator 13 generates electricity. A generator output measuring unit 35 is attached to the generator 13, and the voltage, current, power factor, etc. of the generator 13 are measured, monitored, and recorded.

The steam that has passed through the separator 11 can be converted from saturated steam to superheated steam by the steam heater 23, whereby the efficiency of the turbine 12 can be improved. The superheated steam sets the vapor pressure below the critical pressure, which allows the adoption of high temperature turbines not applicable to conventional geothermal power generation.

The heating by the steam heater 23 is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropics, and is performed by the combustion gas flow obtained from the combustion furnace 30. As the external heat source, the surplus heat of biomass power generation can be used, and in addition, the combustion gas flow by LPG can be used. The superheated steam is introduced into the turbine 12 via the steam tank 24 and the steam valve 26 to drive the turbine 12, and the generator 13 generates electricity. A steam flow rate measuring unit 25 for measuring the steam flow rate is attached to the steam flow path, and a steam temperature measuring unit 34 for measuring the temperature of the steam in the steam tank 24 is attached to the steam tank 24. The steam temperature and steam flow rate are controlled according to the steam temperature and steam flow rate in the steam tank 24.

The steam leaving the turbine 12 is then cooled by the cooling water in the condenser 18 and returned to water. A make-up water tank 29 is connected to the condenser 18, and treated water is supplied to the make-up water tank 29 from a water treatment device. A condensate temperature measuring unit 40 for measuring the condensate temperature and a condensate flow rate measuring unit 41 for measuring the condensate flow rate are attached. The condensate obtained by cooling the steam at the outlet of the turbine 12 is guided to the first circulating water tank 16. Further, the pressure water obtained by removing the steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator 10 is guided to the first circulating water tank 16 through the separator 11.

The geoheat exchanger 1 is provided with a third flash rate improving means, and the third flash rate improving means is composed of a circulating water heater 17 for heating the water stored in the first circulating water tank 16. The heating by the circulating water heater 17 is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa, and is performed by the combustion gas flow obtained from the combustion furnace 30. As the external heat source, the surplus heat of biomass power generation can be used, and in addition, the combustion gas flow by LPG can be used.

The pressure water obtained by removing the steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator 10 is sent to the first circulating water tank 16 as transfer water by the transfer water pump 27. The transfer water amount measuring unit 37 that measures the amount of transferred water, the pressure water temperature measuring unit 33 in the steam generator that measures the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator 10, and the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 16. A first circulating water temperature measuring unit 36 for measuring the temperature is provided, and a transfer water pump is provided according to the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator 10 and the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 16. The flow rate of the transferred water is controlled by controlling the number of rotations of 27, so that the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator 10 and the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 16 become set values. The temperature of the pressure water in the generator 10 and the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 16 are controlled.

The circulating water heated by the circulating water heater 17 is stored in the second circulating water tank 19, and the return water from the second circulating water tank 19 is sent to the pressure water tank 22 by the return water pump 28. A return water amount measuring unit 38 for measuring the amount of return water and a second circulating water temperature measuring unit 39 for measuring the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19 are provided, and the pressure in the pressure water tank 22 is provided. The flow rate of the return water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the return water pump 28 according to the temperature of the water and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19, and the temperature of the pressure water in the pressure water tank 22 The temperature of the pressure water in the pressure water tank 22 and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulation water tank 19 are controlled so that the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19 becomes a set value. The return water pump 28 forms a closed circuit that bypasses the pressure water tank 22, which is effective as a means for dealing with the decrease in the capacity of the well.

The circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19 is sent to the outer pipe 2 by the well circulation pump 9. By repeating this process, geothermal heat is continuously extracted. A discharge valve 46 is attached between the well circulation pump 9 and the outer pipe 2. A circulating water amount measuring unit 43 for measuring the amount of circulating water sent to the outer pipe 2 is provided, and the rotation speed of the well circulation pump 9 is controlled according to the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19. The temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19 is controlled so that the flow rate of the circulating water sent to the outer pipe 2 is controlled and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19 becomes a set value. ..

The well circulation pump 9 is responsible for the head loss of the double pipe and the head of the pipe above the ground. The well circulation pump 9 can guarantee a time delay in control by combining PID (Proportional Integral Control) control incorporated in the measurement system and rotation speed control by an inverter. Similar control is possible for the other pumps used in the present invention.

The pressure boosting pump 45 that boosts the pressure water taken out from the inner pipe 3 is in charge of the boiling pressure of the pressure water taken out from the double pipe, thereby preventing cavitation of the well circulation pump 45. Smooth control is possible by sharing the roles of injecting and taking out water into the double pipe by the two pumps, the well circulation pump 9 and the booster pump 45, respectively.

With the above-mentioned temperature control, even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to the temperature change of the geothermal heat and the power generation output is stabilized. In addition, the operation of the pump is stable and long-term operation is possible. Therefore, it is possible to select a device having a large capacity in both steam temperature and pressure, and it is possible to perform stable power generation with a large capacity.

FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the geothermal exchanger and the geothermal power generation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The geothermal exchanger 1 has a double pipe structure including an outer pipe 2 provided in the ground and supplied with water from the ground and an inner pipe 3 arranged inside the outer pipe 2, and the inner pipe 3 is a double pipe structure. It is provided with a pressure valve 6 provided inside the pressure valve 6. A high-pressure area 5 is formed in which high-pressure hot water is generated without boiling by supplying heat to the water in the outer pipe 2 from the geotropa, and in the high-pressure area 5 at the position where the pressure valve 6 is installed. The pressure valve 6 opens when the pressure difference between the pressure of the high-pressure hot water and the pressure-reducing area 8 in the inner pipe 3 exceeds the set reference value, and when the pressure valve 6 opens, the high-pressure hot water enters from the high-pressure area 5. It flows into the pipe 3, and the upper part of the decompression area 8 of the inner pipe 3 is depressurized near the pressure required by the turbine and converted into a gas-liquid two-phase flow. The pressure valve 6 is opened by setting the pressure for pressurizing the water injected into the outer pipe 2 by the well circulation pump 9. A heat insulating portion 20 is formed at a place where the outer pipe 2 is in contact with a low temperature zone near the ground surface.

The reference value for opening the pressure valve 6 is set by using the pressure of the high-pressure hot water in the high-pressure area 5 at the position where the pressure valve 6 is installed as the saturation pressure at the water saturation temperature determined from the temperature conditions of the geotropical zone. , The pressure valve 6 can be opened beyond the set reference value of the pressure difference.

Further, for setting the reference value for opening the pressure valve 6, the pressure of the high-pressure hot water in the high-pressure area 5 at the position where the pressure valve 6 is installed is set as the vicinity of the critical water pressure, and the setting reference value of the pressure difference is set. It is also possible to open the pressure valve 6 beyond that.

The gas-liquid two-phase flow taken out from the inner pipe 3 is stored in the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank 50, and the pressure water obtained by separating steam from the gas-liquid two-phase flow is pressured by the pressure water pump 52. It is sent to the water heater 15. It is provided with a pressure water temperature measuring unit 51 for measuring the temperature of the pressure water in the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank 50 and a pressure water flow rate measuring unit 53 for measuring the flow rate of the pressure water. Two-phase gas-liquid phase Two-phase gas-liquid phase so that the flow rate of pressure water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the pressure water pump 52 according to the temperature of the pressure water in the flow tank 50, and the pressure water temperature becomes a set value. The temperature of the pressure water in the flow tank 50 is controlled. The steam separated from the gas-liquid two-phase flow is sent to the steam heater 23.

The geothermal exchanger 1 is provided with a second flash rate improving means. The second flash rate improving means is composed of a pressure water heater 15 for heating the pressure water obtained by separating steam from the gas-liquid two-phase flow taken out to the ground, and the heating by the pressure water heater 15 is performed. It is done by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa, and by the combustion gas flow obtained from the combustion furnace 30. As the external heat source, the surplus heat of biomass power generation can be used, and in addition, the combustion gas flow by LPG can be used. Therefore, the pressure water obtained by separating the steam from the two-phase flow of gas and liquid is heated by the pressure water heater 15 and then sent to the steam generator 10. The steam generated by the steam generator 10 is introduced into the high-pressure portion of the turbine 12 through the separator 11 to drive the turbine 12, and the generator 13 generates electricity. A generator output measuring unit 35 is attached to the generator 13.

The steam that has passed through the separator 11 can be converted from saturated steam to superheated steam by the steam heater 23, whereby the efficiency of the turbine 12 can be improved. The heating by the steam heater 23 is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropics, and is performed by the combustion gas flow obtained from the combustion furnace 30. As the external heat source, the surplus heat of biomass power generation can be used, and in addition, the combustion gas flow by LPG can be used.

The superheated steam is introduced into the turbine 12 via the steam tank 24 and the steam valve 26 to drive the turbine 12, and the generator 13 generates electricity. A steam flow rate measuring unit 25 for measuring the steam flow rate is attached to the steam flow path, and a steam temperature measuring unit 34 for measuring the temperature of the steam in the steam tank 24 is attached to the steam tank 24. The steam temperature and steam flow rate are controlled according to the steam temperature and steam flow rate in the steam tank 24.

The steam leaving the turbine 12 is then cooled by the cooling water in the condenser 18 and returned to water. A make-up water tank 29 is connected to the condenser 18, and treated water is supplied to the make-up water tank 29 from a water treatment device. A condensate temperature measuring unit 40 for measuring the condensate temperature and a condensate flow rate measuring unit 41 for measuring the condensate flow rate are attached. The condensate obtained by cooling the steam at the outlet of the turbine 12 is guided to the first circulating water tank 16. Further, the pressure water obtained by removing the steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator 10 is guided to the first circulating water tank 16 through the separator 11.

The geoheat exchanger 1 is provided with a fourth flash rate improving means, and the fourth flash rate improving means is composed of a circulating water heater 17 for heating the water stored in the first circulating water tank 16. The heating by the circulating water heater 17 is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa, and is performed by the combustion gas flow obtained from the combustion furnace 30. As the external heat source, the surplus heat of biomass power generation can be used, and in addition, the combustion gas flow by LPG can be used.

The pressure water obtained by removing the steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator 10 is sent to the first circulating water tank 16 as transfer water by the transfer water pump 27. The transfer water amount measuring unit 37 that measures the amount of transferred water, the pressure water temperature measuring unit 54 in the steam generator that measures the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator 10, and the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 16. A first circulating water temperature measuring unit 36 for measuring the temperature is provided, and a transfer water pump is provided according to the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator 10 and the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 16. The flow rate of the transferred water is controlled by controlling the number of rotations of 27, so that the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator 10 and the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 16 become set values. The temperature of the pressure water in the generator 10 and the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 16 are controlled.

The circulating water heated by the circulating water heater 17 is stored in the second circulating water tank 19, and the return water from the second circulating water tank 19 is sent to the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank 50 by the return water pump 28. .. It is equipped with a return water amount measuring unit 38 for measuring the amount of return water and a second circulating water temperature measuring unit 39 for measuring the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19. The flow rate of the return water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the return water pump 28 according to the temperature of the pressure water in the 50 and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19, and the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank. The temperature of the pressure water in the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank 50 and the temperature of the second circulating water tank 19 so that the temperature of the pressure water in the 50 and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19 become set values. The temperature of the circulating water inside is controlled. The return water pump 28 forms a closed circuit that bypasses the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank 50, which is effective as a means for dealing with the decrease in the capacity of the well.

The circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19 is sent to the outer pipe 2 by the well circulation pump 9. By repeating this process, geothermal heat is continuously extracted. A discharge valve 46 is attached between the well circulation pump 9 and the outer pipe 2. A circulating water amount measuring unit 43 for measuring the amount of circulating water sent to the outer pipe 2 is provided, and the rotation speed of the well circulation pump 9 is controlled according to the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19. The temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19 is controlled so that the flow rate of the circulating water sent to the outer pipe 2 is controlled and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 19 becomes a set value. .. The discharge valve 46 is controlled to be closed at the initial stage of operation and fully opened during operation to prevent cavitation of the well circulation pump 9.

Also in this embodiment, by the above-mentioned temperature control, even when the geothermal heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to quickly respond to the temperature change of the geothermal heat and the power generation output is stabilized. In addition, the operation of the pump is stable and long-term operation is possible. Therefore, it is possible to select a device having a large capacity in both steam temperature and pressure, and it is possible to perform stable power generation with a large capacity.

The information collected by the various temperature measuring units, the flow rate measuring unit, and the generator output measuring unit used in the third and fourth embodiments described above is transmitted to the control unit of the control center via the network. The temperature and flow rate are controlled and controlled. By controlling and controlling the temperature and the flow rate in this way, the flash rate can be improved in response to the situation of the temperature change of the well even in the situation where the temperature of the well is not stable.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can stabilize the temperature and flow rate of the produced steam by making it possible to respond to the situation of temperature change in the well even under the situation where the temperature of the geothermal energy to be taken out is not stable. Geothermal energy can be efficiently exchanged even in the mid-low temperature geothermal field of about 180 ° C or less, increasing the number of sites targeted for geothermal development and increasing the amount of geothermal energy collected. It can be widely used as a geothermal power generation device that can efficiently generate a large amount of power using a switch and this geothermal exchanger and effectively utilize the geothermal resources in the power generation area.

1 Geothermal exchanger 2 Outer pipe 3 Inner pipe 5 High pressure area 6 Pressure valve 8 Decompression area 9 Well circulation pump 10 Steam generator 11 Separator 12 Turbine 13 Generator 14 Pressure water heater 15 Pressure water heater 16 First circulation Water tank 17 Circulating water heater 18 Returning water tank 19 Second circulating water tank 20 Insulation part 21 Pressure water pump 22 Pressure water tank 23 Steam heater 24 Steam tank 25 Steam flow measurement unit 26 Steam valve 27 Transfer water pump 28 Return water pump 29 Replenishment water tank 30 Combustion furnace 31 Pressure water flow rate measurement unit 32 Pressure water temperature measurement unit 33 Steam generator pressure water temperature measurement unit 34 Steam temperature measurement unit in steam tank 35 Generator output measurement unit 36 First circulating water Temperature measurement unit 37 Transfer water amount measurement unit 38 Return water amount measurement unit 39 Second circulating water temperature measurement unit 40 Return water temperature measurement unit 41 Return water flow rate measurement unit 43 Circulating water amount measurement unit 45 Pressure booster pump 46 Discharge valve 50 Gas / liquid 2 Phase flow tank 51 Gas-liquid 2-phase flow tank pressure water temperature measurement unit 52 Pressure water pump 53 Pressure water flow rate measurement unit 54 Steam generator internal pressure water temperature measurement unit

Claims (17)

Heat from the geotropic to the outer pipe provided in the ground to which pressurized water is supplied from the ground and the pressure water arranged inside the outer pipe and descending to the geotropa in the outer pipe. Equipped with an inner pipe in which the hot water generated by being supplied with rises without containing steam, the pressure water taken out from the inner pipe is sent to the steam generator and taken out as steam in the steam generator. The first flash rate improving means is provided, and the first flash rate improving means is composed of a pressure water heater for heating the pressure water taken out to the ground, and is operated by the pressure water heater. The heating is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa, and the pressure water taken out from the inner pipe is heated by the pressure water heater and then sent to the steam generator. Geothermal exchanger. The first aspect of claim 1, further comprising a pressure boosting pump that raises the pressure water taken out from the inner pipe to the ground to increase the pressure, and a well circulation pump that injects circulating water into the outer pipe. Geothermal exchanger. A pressure water tank that stores the pressure water taken out from the inner pipe, a pressure water pump that sends the pressure water from the pressure water tank to the pressure water heater, and a pressure water tank that measures the temperature of the pressure water in the pressure water tank. It is equipped with a temperature measuring unit and a pressure water flow rate measuring unit that measures the flow rate of pressure water, and the flow rate of pressure water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the booster pump and the rotation speed of the pressure water pump. The geothermal exchanger according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the pressure water is controlled. It is equipped with a first circulating water tank in which the condensate water obtained by cooling the steam at the outlet of the turbine and the pressure water obtained by removing the steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator are guided, and a third means for improving the flash rate is provided. The third means for improving the flash rate is composed of a circulating water heater that heats the water stored in the first circulating water tank, and the heating by the circulating water heater is an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropic. The geothermal exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the geothermal exchanger is made by. A transfer water pump that sends pressure water obtained by removing steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator to the first circulating water tank as transfer water, a transfer water amount measuring unit that measures the amount of transfer water, and the steam generator. A transfer water pump equipped with a steam generator internal pressure water temperature measuring unit that measures the temperature of the pressure water inside and a first circulating water temperature measuring unit that measures the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank. 4. The fourth aspect of claim 4, wherein the flow rate of the transferred water is controlled by controlling the number of rotations of the steam generator, and the temperature of the pressure water in the steam generator and the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank are controlled. Geothermal exchanger. A second circulating water tank that stores the circulating water heated by the circulating water heater, a second circulating water temperature measuring unit that measures the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank, and a well circulation pump. It is equipped with a circulating water amount measuring unit that measures the amount of circulating water sent from the second circulating water tank to the outer pipe, and the flow rate of the circulating water sent to the outer pipe by controlling the rotation speed of the well circulation pump. The geothermal exchanger according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank is controlled. It is equipped with a return water pump that sends the return water from the second circulating water tank to the pressure water tank and a return water amount measuring unit that measures the amount of return water, and the flow rate of the return water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the return water pump. The geothermal exchanger according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the pressure water in the pressure water tank and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank are controlled and controlled. It is a double pipe structure including an outer pipe provided in the ground and supplied with water from the ground and an inner pipe arranged inside the outer pipe, and the inner pipe has a pressure valve provided inside the outer pipe. In preparation, heat is supplied from the geotropics to the water in the outer pipe to form a high-pressure area where high-pressure hot water is generated without boiling, and high-pressure hot water in the high-pressure area at the position where the pressure valve is installed. When the pressure difference between the pressure and the decompression area in the inner pipe exceeds the set reference value, the pressure valve opens, and when the pressure valve opens, the high-pressure hot water in the high-pressure area flows into the inner pipe and depressurizes in the inner pipe. A geothermal exchanger in which the pressure in the area is reduced to near the pressure required by the turbine and converted into a gas-liquid two-phase flow, provided with a second flush rate improving means, the second flash rate improving means. It is composed of a pressure water heater that heats the pressure water obtained by separating steam from the two-phase flow of gas and liquid taken out to the ground, and the heating by the pressure water heater is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropic. A geothermal exchanger characterized in that the pressure water obtained by separating steam from a two-phase flow of gas and liquid is heated by a pressure water heater and then sent to a steam generator. The pressure water from the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank is the pressure water obtained by separating the steam from the gas-liquid two-phase flow and the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank that stores the gas-liquid two-phase flow taken out from the inner pipe. A pressure water pump that sends to a heater, a pressure water temperature measurement unit that measures the temperature of pressure water in a gas-liquid two-phase flow tank, and a pressure water flow rate measurement unit that measures the flow rate of pressure water. The geothermal exchanger according to claim 8, wherein the flow rate of the pressure water is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the pressure water pump, and the temperature of the pressure water in the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank is controlled. .. It is equipped with a first circulating water tank in which the condensate water obtained by cooling the steam at the outlet of the turbine and the pressure water obtained by removing the steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator are guided, and a fourth means for improving the flash rate is provided. The fourth means for improving the flash rate is composed of a circulating water heater that heats the water stored in the first circulating water tank, and the heating by the circulating water heater is an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa. The geothermal exchanger according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it is made by. A transfer water pump that sends pressure water obtained by removing steam boiled under reduced pressure from the steam generator to the first circulating water tank as transfer water, a transfer water amount measuring unit that measures the amount of transfer water, and the steam generator. A transfer water pump equipped with a steam generator internal pressure water temperature measuring unit that measures the temperature of the pressure water inside and a first circulating water temperature measuring unit that measures the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank. 10. The method 10. Geothermal exchanger. A second circulating water tank that stores the circulating water heated by the circulating water heater, a second circulating water temperature measuring unit that measures the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank, and a well circulation pump. A circulating water amount measuring unit for measuring the amount of circulating water sent from the inside of the second circulating water tank to the outer pipe is provided, and the circulating water sent to the outer pipe is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the well circulation pump. 10. The geothermal exchanger according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the flow rate of the water is controlled and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank is controlled. It is equipped with a return water pump that sends the return water from the second circulating water tank to the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank, and a return water amount measuring unit that measures the amount of return water, and returns by controlling the rotation speed of the return water pump. The geothermal exchanger according to claim 12, wherein the flow rate of water is controlled, and the temperature of the pressure water in the gas-liquid two-phase flow tank and the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank are controlled. .. A steam heater that heats the steam produced by the steam generator, a steam tank that stores the heated steam, a steam temperature measuring unit that measures the temperature of the steam in the steam tank, and a steam flow rate are measured. Equipped with a steam flow rate measuring unit, heating by a steam heater is performed by an external heat source other than the heat source obtained from the geotropa, and the steam temperature and steam flow rate are controlled according to the steam temperature and steam flow rate in the steam tank. The geothermal steamer according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that. The geothermal exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the external heat source is due to surplus heat of biomass power generation. The geothermal exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the external heat source is due to the combustion gas of LPG. A geothermal power generation device characterized in that power is generated using the geothermal exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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