JP2021095626A - 常磁性の硬質ステンレス鋼とその製造方法 - Google Patents
常磁性の硬質ステンレス鋼とその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021095626A JP2021095626A JP2020150307A JP2020150307A JP2021095626A JP 2021095626 A JP2021095626 A JP 2021095626A JP 2020150307 A JP2020150307 A JP 2020150307A JP 2020150307 A JP2020150307 A JP 2020150307A JP 2021095626 A JP2021095626 A JP 2021095626A
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- stainless steel
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- ferrite
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 12
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical group [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
− 26 ≦ Cr ≦ 40%、
− 5 ≦ Ni ≦ 20%、
− 0 ≦ Mn ≦ 5%、
− 0 ≦ Al ≦ 5%、
− 0 ≦ Mo ≦ 3%、
− 0 ≦ Cu ≦ 2%、
− 0 ≦ Si ≦ 5%、
− 0 ≦ Ti ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ Nb ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ C ≦ 0.1%、
− 0 ≦ N ≦ 0.1%、
− 0 ≦ S ≦ 0.5%、
− 0 ≦ P ≦ 0.1%
残りは鉄と不純物によって構成しており、その各元素の含有量は0.5%以下である。
− 26 ≦ Cr ≦ 40%、
− 5 ≦ Ni ≦ 20%、
− 0 ≦ Mn ≦ 5%、
− 0 ≦ Al ≦ 5%、
− 0 ≦ Mo ≦ 3%、
− 0 ≦ Cu ≦ 2%、
− 0 ≦ Si ≦ 5%、
− 0 ≦ Ti ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ Nb ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ C ≦ 0.1%、
− 0 ≦ N ≦ 0.1%、
− 0 ≦ S ≦ 0.5%、
− 0 ≦ P ≦ 0.1%
残りは鉄と不純物によって構成しており、その各元素の含有量は0.5%以下である。
− 28 ≦ Cr ≦ 38%、
− 5 ≦ Ni ≦ 15%、
− 0 ≦ Mn ≦ 3%、
− 0 ≦ Al ≦ 3%、
− 0 ≦ Mo ≦ 3%、
− 0 ≦ Cu ≦ 2%、
− 0 ≦ Si ≦ 5%、
− 0 ≦ Ti ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ Nb ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ C ≦ 0.05%、
− 0 ≦ N ≦ 0.05%、
− 0 ≦ S ≦ 0.5%、
− 0 ≦ P ≦ 0.1%
同様に、残りは鉄と不純物からなり、その各元素の含有量は0.5%以下である。
− 30 ≦ Cr ≦ 36%、
− 5 ≦ Ni ≦ 10%、
− 0 ≦ Mn ≦ 3%、
− 0 ≦ Al ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ Mo ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ Cu ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ Si ≦ 3%、
− 0 ≦ Ti ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ Nb ≦ 1%、
− 0 ≦ C ≦ 0.05%、
− 0 ≦ N ≦ 0.05%、
− 0 ≦ S ≦ 0.5%、
− 0 ≦ P ≦ 0.1%
同様に、残りの鉄といずれかの不純物は上と同じである。
* 150〜400HV10の硬度を有する。
* 周囲温度における圧縮状況下で50%よりも大きい割れを伴わず、塑性変形を伴う良好な延性を有する。
* フェライトの存在に起因して強磁性のふるまいを示す。
* 500〜900HV10の硬度を有する
* 常磁性体のふるまいを示す。
* 非常に微細な構造に起因して、優れた研磨性を発揮する。
* 耐摩耗性に優れている。
* 耐食性に優れている。
第1の実施例において、Fe35Cr9Niという名称の鋼は、重量%で鉄を56%、クロムを35%、ニッケルを9%含有する。これは、高純度の元素(>99.9%)からアーク溶融によって製造され、周囲温度で圧縮によって変形させて厚みを2分の1に減少させて、アルゴン雰囲気において2時間1300℃でフェライト領域において均質化熱処理を行い、その後に、ガス硬化(約200K/分)を行った。この均質化熱処理の後に、合金Fe35Cr9Niは、ビッカース硬度が350HV10である単相のフェライト構造を有する。この完全なフェライト構造(空間群Im3m)は、図1に示すように、X線回折(XRD)分析によって確認されている。均質化の後に、800℃で6時間の硬化熱処理を行った。オーステナイト相とシグマ相を含む微細で均質な二相のマイクロ構造が得られた。図2に示しているX線回折分析によって、オーステナイト(空間群Fm3m)とシグマ相に対応する正方晶構造(空間群P42/mnm)の存在が確認された。
Claims (16)
- 26 ≦ Cr ≦ 40%、
5 ≦ Ni ≦ 20%、
0 ≦ Mn ≦ 5%、
0 ≦ Al ≦ 5%、
0 ≦ Mo ≦ 3%、
0 ≦ Cu ≦ 2%、
0 ≦ Si ≦ 5%、
0 ≦ Ti ≦ 1%、
0 ≦ Nb ≦ 1%、
0 ≦ C ≦ 0.1%、
0 ≦ N ≦ 0.1%、
0 ≦ S ≦ 0.5%、
0 ≦ P ≦ 0.1%
を重量比で含有する化学的組成を有する常磁性のステンレス鋼であって、
残りは鉄と不純物によって構成しており、その各元素の含有量は0.5%以下であり、
当該ステンレス鋼は、500〜900HV10の硬度を有し、
当該ステンレス鋼は、40〜80重量%のシグマ相と、20〜60重量%のオーステナイト相を含有するマイクロ構造を有し、前記オーステナイト相は、100%フェライトを含有する構造を有する合金の変態に由来するものである
ことを特徴とするステンレス鋼。 - 28 ≦ Cr ≦ 38%、
5 ≦ Ni ≦ 15%、
0 ≦ Mn ≦ 3%、
0 ≦ Al ≦ 3%、
0 ≦ Mo ≦ 3%、
0 ≦ Cu ≦ 2%、
0 ≦ Si ≦ 5%、
0 ≦ Ti ≦ 1%、
0 ≦ Nb ≦ 1%、
0 ≦ C ≦ 0.05%、
0 ≦ N ≦ 0.05%、
0 ≦ S ≦ 0.5%、
0 ≦ P ≦ 0.1%
を重量比で含有する化学的組成を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のステンレス鋼。 - 30 ≦ Cr ≦ 36%、
5 ≦ Ni ≦ 10%、
0 ≦ Mn ≦ 3%、
0 ≦ Al ≦ 1%、
0 ≦ Mo ≦ 1%、
0 ≦ Cu ≦ 1%、
0 ≦ Si ≦ 3%、
0 ≦ Ti ≦ 1%、
0 ≦ Nb ≦ 1%、
0 ≦ C ≦ 0.05%、
0 ≦ N ≦ 0.05%、
0 ≦ S ≦ 0.5%、
0 ≦ P ≦ 0.1%
を重量比で含有する化学的組成を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のステンレス鋼。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の常磁性のステンレス鋼によって作られた
ことを特徴とする部品。 - 外側部品又はムーブメントの計時器用コンポーネントによって構成している
ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の部品。 - 請求項5に記載の計時器用コンポーネントを備える
ことを特徴とする携行型時計。 - 常磁性のステンレス鋼の部品を製造する方法であって、
(a)実質的に製造する部品の形状を有する又は異なる形状を有し、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化学的組成を有し、100%フェライトを含む構造を有するブランクを用意する又は作るステップと、
(b)前記ステップ(a)における前記ブランクが前記製造する部品と異なる形状を有する場合に、前記ブランクを形成するステップと、
(c)前記ブランクに対して硬化処理を行って前記部品を得るステップと
を行い、
前記硬化処理は、650〜900℃の温度で30分〜24時間行って前記構造のフェライトをオーステナイト相と金属間シグマ相に変態させ、
前記硬化処理の後に、周囲温度まで冷却する
ことを特徴とする製造方法。 - 前記ステップ(a)におけるブランクの大部分又は完全なフェライト構造を、950〜1450℃の温度で1分〜24時間基材に対して熱処理又は熱機械的処理を行うことによって作り、
前記熱処理又は熱機械的処理の後に、500℃未満の温度にして硬化させて、周囲温度においてフェライト構造を保持する
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の製造方法。 - 前記基材は、粉末又は固結物の形態である
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の製造方法。 - 前記基材を鋳造、プレス、金属射出成形、付加的製造、又は粉末冶金によって得る
ことを特徴とする請求項8又は9に記載の製造方法。 - 前記ステップ(a)における前記ブランクを選択的レーザー溶融によって作る
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の製造方法。 - 前記ステップ(a)の後に、前記ブランクが150〜400HV10の硬度を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項7〜11のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記成形ステップ(b)が、650℃未満の温度で1以上の塑性変形シーケンスを含む
ことを特徴とする請求項7〜12のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記成形ステップ(b)を鍛造、ブランキング又は機械加工によって行う
ことを特徴とする請求項7〜13のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記熱処理又は熱機械的処理を複数のサイクル行う
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の製造方法。 - 前記構造がオーステナイトを含有する場合、前記ステップ(c)の前に、950〜1450℃の温度で1分〜24時間の時間前記ブランクに対して加熱処理又は熱機械的処理を行って完全なフェライト構造を得るステップ(b’)を行い、
この加熱処理又は熱機械的処理の後に、500℃未満の温度にして硬化させて、周囲温度において完全なフェライト構造を保持する
ことを特徴とする請求項7〜15のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
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