JP2021048806A - Melatonin production promoter and sleep quality improver - Google Patents
Melatonin production promoter and sleep quality improver Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021048806A JP2021048806A JP2019175044A JP2019175044A JP2021048806A JP 2021048806 A JP2021048806 A JP 2021048806A JP 2019175044 A JP2019175044 A JP 2019175044A JP 2019175044 A JP2019175044 A JP 2019175044A JP 2021048806 A JP2021048806 A JP 2021048806A
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- sulforaphane
- glucoraphanin
- sleep quality
- melatonin production
- food composition
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Abstract
Description
本発明が関係するのは、メラトニン産生促進剤及び睡眠の質改善剤、並びに、メラトニン産生促進用食品組成物及び睡眠の質改善用食品組成物である。 The present invention relates to a melatonin production promoter and a sleep quality improving agent, and a melatonin production promoting food composition and a sleep quality improving food composition.
睡眠は食や運動と同様に健康長寿に影響する重要な因子である。一方で、現代社会においては、生活リズムの乱れやストレス、運動不足等により睡眠不足、不眠等の症状を訴える人が多く存在する。睡眠の質の低下は、心筋梗塞や脳梗塞等の重大な疾患に繋がるだけでなく、日中の眠気から作業能率が低下し、重大な事故を誘発する可能性があり、睡眠の質を改善することは重要な課題である。 Sleep is as important a factor in affecting health and longevity as it is in eating and exercising. On the other hand, in modern society, there are many people who complain of sleep deprivation, insomnia, etc. due to disturbance of life rhythm, stress, lack of exercise, etc. Poor sleep quality not only leads to serious illnesses such as myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, but also improves work efficiency due to daytime sleepiness, which can lead to serious accidents and improve sleep quality. To do is an important task.
睡眠の質の低下は、一般的に、寝つきが悪い入眠障害、夜中に何度も目が覚める中途覚醒、朝早くに目が覚めてしまう早期覚醒、よく眠った感じがしない熟眠不全等に分類される。これらの症状に対する治療法としては、ベンゾジアゼピン系や抗ヒスタミン系等の睡眠改善医薬品による薬物療法が挙げられる。これらの医薬品は、睡眠改善効果を有するが、精神症状や筋弛緩作用などの副作用があり、医薬品であるため、簡便に入手できない。 Poor sleep quality is generally categorized as difficulty falling asleep, difficulty falling asleep, awakening during the night, early awakening that wakes up early in the morning, and deep sleep insufficiency that does not make you feel well asleep. Will be done. Treatment methods for these symptoms include drug therapy with sleep-improving drugs such as benzodiazepines and antihistamines. Although these drugs have a sleep improving effect, they have side effects such as psychiatric symptoms and muscle relaxant action, and since they are drugs, they cannot be easily obtained.
これまでに、睡眠改善効果を有する成分として、テアニン（特許文献１）、グリシン（特許文献２）、オルニチン（特許文献３）、γ−アミノ酪酸（特許文献４）等が開示されている。 So far, theanine (Patent Document 1), glycine (Patent Document 2), ornithine (Patent Document 3), γ-aminobutyric acid (Patent Document 4) and the like have been disclosed as components having a sleep improving effect.
一方、ブロッコリー等のアブラナ科の植物には、スルフォラファンの前駆体グルコラファニンが多く含まれ、当該植物の組織中に含まれるグルコラファニンは、組織が破壊されると内在性の酵素ミロシナーゼにより加水分解され、スルフォラファンを生じることが知られている（非特許文献１）。また、グルコラファニンを摂取した場合においても、腸内細菌によってスルフォラファンに変換されて腸管から吸収されることが知られている。スルフォラファン及びその前駆体グルコシノレートであるグルコラファニンには、第二相解毒酵素を誘導する作用等が知られているが、メラトニンの産生及び睡眠に対する作用効果はこれまでに知られていなかった。 On the other hand, cruciferous plants such as broccoli contain a large amount of sulforaphane precursor glucoraphanin, and glucoraphanin contained in the tissue of the plant is hydrated by the endogenous enzyme myrosinase when the tissue is destroyed. It is known that it is decomposed to produce sulforaphane (Non-Patent Document 1). It is also known that when glucoraphanin is ingested, it is converted to sulforaphane by intestinal bacteria and absorbed from the intestinal tract. Sulforaphane and its precursor glucosinolate, glucosinolate, are known to have an action of inducing a phase II detoxifying enzyme, but the action effect on melatonin production and sleep has not been known so far. ..
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、安全性が高く、長期に適用可能なメラトニン産生促進剤を提供することである。 An object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a melatonin production promoter which is highly safe and can be applied for a long period of time.
以上を踏まえて、本願発明者が鋭意検討して見出したのは、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも１種によるメラトニン産生促進機能、及び、それによる睡眠の質改善機能である。すなわち、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種の作用により、メラトニン産生が促進され、睡眠の質が改善される。この観点から、本発明を定義すると、以下のとおりである。 Based on the above, the inventor of the present application has diligently studied and found a function of promoting melatonin production by at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane, and a function of improving sleep quality by the function. That is, at least one action of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane promotes melatonin production and improves sleep quality. From this point of view, the present invention is defined as follows.
本発明に係るメラトニン産生促進剤の有効成分は、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種である。ここで、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンはアブラナ科植物由来であり、ブロッコリー由来であることが好ましく、ブロッコリースプラウト抽出物の形態であることがより好ましい。 The active ingredient of the melatonin production promoter according to the present invention is at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane. Here, glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are derived from cruciferous plants, preferably derived from broccoli, and more preferably in the form of broccoli sprout extract.
本発明に係るメラトニン産生促進用食品組成物が含有するのは、少なくとも、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種である。ここで、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンはアブラナ科植物由来であり、ブロッコリー由来であることが好ましく、ブロッコリースプラウト抽出物の形態であることがより好ましい。言い換えると、当該メラトニン産生促進用食品組成物の機能性成分は、少なくとも、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種である。 The food composition for promoting melatonin production according to the present invention contains at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane. Here, glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are derived from cruciferous plants, preferably derived from broccoli, and more preferably in the form of broccoli sprout extract. In other words, the functional component of the melatonin production promoting food composition is at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane.
本発明に係る睡眠の質改善剤の有効成分は、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種である。ここで、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンはアブラナ科植物由来であり、ブロッコリー由来であることが好ましく、ブロッコリースプラウト抽出物の形態であることがより好ましい。 The active ingredient of the sleep quality improving agent according to the present invention is at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane. Here, glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are derived from cruciferous plants, preferably derived from broccoli, and more preferably in the form of broccoli sprout extract.
本発明に係る睡眠の質改善用食品組成物が含有するのは、少なくとも、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種である。ここで、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンはアブラナ科植物由来であり、ブロッコリー由来であることが好ましく、ブロッコリースプラウト抽出物の形態であることがより好ましい。 The food composition for improving sleep quality according to the present invention contains at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane. Here, glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are derived from cruciferous plants, preferably derived from broccoli, and more preferably in the form of broccoli sprout extract.
本発明が可能にするのは、安全性が高く、長期に適用可能なメラトニン産生促進剤である。すなわち、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンは、ブロッコリーやケール等の食経験の豊富な植物から容易に取得可能であり、長期投与又は摂取が可能である。さらに、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種の作用により、メラトニンの産生が促進されることで、睡眠の質改善効果が奏される。 The present invention enables a melatonin production promoter that is highly safe and can be applied for a long period of time. That is, glucoraphanin and sulforaphane can be easily obtained from plants with abundant eating experience such as broccoli and kale, and can be administered or ingested for a long period of time. Furthermore, the action of at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane promotes the production of melatonin, thereby producing an effect of improving sleep quality.
＜メラトニン産生促進剤＞
本発明に係るメラトニン産生促進剤は、有効成分としてグルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種を含有する。グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンは、好ましくは植物由来であり、ブロッコリースプラウト由来であることがより好ましい。メラトニン産生促進剤の詳細は、後述する。
<Melatonin production promoter>
The melatonin production promoter according to the present invention contains at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane as active ingredients. Glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are preferably derived from plants, more preferably from broccoli sprout. Details of the melatonin production promoter will be described later.
＜メラトニン産生促進用食品組成物＞
本発明に係るメラトニン産生促進用食品組成物は、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種を含有する。グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンは、好ましくは植物由来であり、ブロッコリースプラウト由来であることがより好ましい。メラトニン産生促進用食品組成物の詳細は、後述する。
<Food composition for promoting melatonin production>
The food composition for promoting melatonin production according to the present invention contains at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane. Glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are preferably derived from plants, more preferably from broccoli sprout. Details of the food composition for promoting melatonin production will be described later.
＜グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファン＞
グルコラファニンは、グルコシノレートの１種であり、スルフォラファンの前駆体である。酵素ミロシナーゼにより加水分解され、スルフォラファンとなる。また、ヒト等の哺乳動物がグルコラファニンを摂取した場合においても、スルフォラファンに変換されて腸管から吸収される。グルコラファニンはアブラナ科植物に多く含有されていることが知られており、本発明において、グルコラファニンは、精製された状態で剤や飲食品に含有されていてもよく、アブラナ科植物、その抽出物又はその分画、及びその粉砕物から選択される一以上の状態で含有されてもよい。
<Glucoraphanin and sulforaphane>
Glucoraphanin is a type of glucosinolate and is a precursor of sulforaphane. It is hydrolyzed by the enzyme myrosinase to sulforaphane. In addition, even when a mammal such as a human ingests glucoraphanin, it is converted to sulforaphane and absorbed from the intestinal tract. It is known that glucoraphanin is abundantly contained in cruciferous plants, and in the present invention, glucoraphanin may be contained in agents and foods and drinks in a purified state, and cruciferous plants, It may be contained in one or more states selected from the extract or fraction thereof and the ground product thereof.
＜アブラナ科植物＞
アブラナ科植物は、特に限定されないが、例示すると、ブロッコリー、ケール、キャベツ、カリフラワー、高菜、アブラナ、カラシナ、大根、大根葉、野沢菜、小松菜、白菜、芽キャベツ、プチヴェール、及び、これらを適宜交配して作製した植物が挙げられる。植物体の部分としては、植物の成長体（芽、葉、茎、根、又は花など）でも、スプラウト（発芽体）でも、種子でもよく、特に制限されない。これらのうちより好ましいのは、アブラナ科アブラナ属に属するブロッコリーである。さらに、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種の含量の高さから、ブロッコリーのスプラウト又は種子が特に好ましい。
<Brassicaceae>
The cruciferous plants are not particularly limited, but for example, broccoli, kale, cabbage, cauliflower, takana, abrana, mustard, radish, radish leaf, nozawa greens, komatsuna, white vegetables, Brussels sprouts, petit veil, and these are appropriately crossed. Examples of plants produced in the above. The part of the plant body may be a growing body of a plant (bud, leaf, stem, root, or flower, etc.), a sprout (germinated body), or a seed, and is not particularly limited. More preferred of these are broccoli belonging to the Brassicaceae genus Brassica. In addition, broccoli sprouts or seeds are particularly preferred due to their high content of at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane.
＜ブロッコリースプラウト抽出物＞
ブロッコリースプラウトからグルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種を抽出する場合は、その含有量が減少傾向になる成長体になる前であれば発芽後何日後であってもよいが、好ましくは、発芽と１〜１０日後、より好ましくは１〜３日後のスプラウトを用いることである。また、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種の含有量が、好ましくは、５０〜３５０ｍｇ／１００ｇ（湿重量）、より好ましくは１５０〜３３０ｍｇ／１００ｇ（湿重量）、さらに好ましくは、２５０〜３００ｍｇ／１００ｇ（湿重量）のブロッコリースプラウトを用いることである。
<Broccoli sprout extract>
When at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane is extracted from broccoli sprout, it may be several days after germination as long as it is before the growth body whose content tends to decrease, but preferably germination and 1 It is to use the sprout after 10 days, more preferably 1 to 3 days. The content of at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane is preferably 50 to 350 mg / 100 g (wet weight), more preferably 150 to 330 mg / 100 g (wet weight), and even more preferably 250 to 300 mg / 100 g. Use a (wet weight) broccoli sprout.
＜グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの取得＞
ブロッコリースプラウト等を含むアブラナ科植物からのグルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種の取得は、周知の方法により行うことができる。また、単離精製されたグルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンは市販されており、当該市販品を使用することもできる。
<Acquisition of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane>
At least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane can be obtained from cruciferous plants including broccoli sprout and the like by a well-known method. In addition, isolated and purified glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are commercially available, and the commercially available products can also be used.
＜植物からの抽出＞
例えば、グルコラファニンは、植物の一部または全体をそのまま又は乾燥粉砕したものを溶媒等で抽出して取得することができ、溶媒としては、水、低級１価アルコール（メタノール、エタノール、１−プロパノール、２−プロパノール、１−ブタノール、２−ブタノール等）、液状多価アルコール（グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、１，３−ブチレングリコール等）、低級エステル（酢酸エチル等）、炭化水素（ベンゼン、ヘキサン、ペンタン等）、ケトン類（アセトン、メチルエチルケトン等）、エーテル類（ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジプロピルエーテル等）、アセトニトリル等が挙げられ、それらの一種又は２種以上を用いることができる。
<Extraction from plants>
For example, glucorafanine can be obtained by extracting a part or the whole of a plant as it is or by drying and pulverizing it with a solvent or the like, and as the solvent, water or a lower monohydric alcohol (methanol, ethanol, 1- Propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, etc.), liquid polyhydric alcohols (glycerin, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, etc.), lower esters (ethyl acetate, etc.), hydrocarbons (benzene, hexane, etc.) Pentan and the like), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and the like), ethers (diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dipropyl ether and the like), acetonitrile and the like can be mentioned, and one or more of them can be used.
本発明の剤又は食品組成物は経口で投与又は摂取されることを考慮すると、抽出溶媒としては、水、エタノール、又は含水エタノールが特に好ましい。好ましい抽出方法の例としては、例えば熱水（９０〜１００℃）で、１０〜３０分間抽出する方法や、０〜１００体積％の含水エタノールで室温又は加温して１〜１０日間抽出する方法が挙げられ、その抽出液をさらに分画・精製してもよい。その他に、超臨界抽出によってグルコラファニンを抽出してもよい。 Considering that the agent or food composition of the present invention is orally administered or ingested, water, ethanol, or hydrous ethanol is particularly preferable as the extraction solvent. Examples of preferable extraction methods include, for example, a method of extracting with hot water (90 to 100 ° C.) for 10 to 30 minutes, and a method of extracting at room temperature or heating with 0 to 100% by volume of hydrous ethanol for 1 to 10 days. The extract may be further fractionated and purified. Alternatively, glucoraphanin may be extracted by supercritical extraction.
＜グルコラファニンからスルフォラファンを得る方法＞
グルコラファニンからスルフォラファンを得る方法としては、グルコラファニンとミロシナーゼを反応させればよく、その方法は限定されない。例えば、グルコラファニンを含むアブラナ科植物を、加熱せずに破砕、摩砕、粉砕、せん断、搾汁等することでグルコラファニンと内在のミロシナーゼを反応させ、スルフォラファンに代謝させる方法や、グルコラファニンにミロシナーゼを添加してスルフォラファンに代謝させる方法等が挙げられる。スルフォラファンは、これらの方法にてグルコラファニンから代謝されたスルフォラファンを含む原料から、グルコラファニンと同様の方法（例えば、前述の抽出等の方法）にて取得することができる。
<How to get sulforaphane from glucoraphanin>
The method for obtaining sulforaphane from glucoraphanin may be a reaction between glucoraphanin and myrosinase, and the method is not limited. For example, a method of reacting glucoraphanin with endogenous myrosinase by crushing, grinding, crushing, shearing, squeezing, etc. a cruciferous plant containing glucoraphanin without heating and metabolizing it to sulforaphane, or gluco Examples thereof include a method of adding myrosinase to raphanin and metabolizing it to sulforaphane. Sulforaphane can be obtained from a raw material containing sulforaphane metabolized from glucoraphanin by these methods by the same method as glucoraphanin (for example, the above-mentioned extraction method).
＜グルコラファニンの濃度測定＞
剤、食品組成物、又は抽出物等の中のグルコラファニンの濃度測定は、当業者周知の方法により行うことができる。例えば、高速液体クロマトグラフィー（ＨＰＬＣ）法を用いることができ、具体的な方法としては、Faheyらの方法（Fahey et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 10367-10372, 1997）等に従って行うことができる。
<Measurement of glucoraphanin concentration>
The concentration of glucoraphanin in an agent, food composition, extract or the like can be measured by a method well known to those skilled in the art. For example, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method can be used, and specific methods include the method of Fahey et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 10367-10372, 1997. ) Etc. can be performed.
＜スルフォラファンの濃度測定＞
剤、食品組成物、又は抽出物等の中のスルフォラファンの濃度測定は、当業者周知の方法により行うことができる。例えば、高速液体クロマトグラフィー（ＨＰＬＣ）法を用いることができ、具体的な方法としては、Hanらの方法（Han et al., Int. J. Mol. Sci., 12, 1854-1861, 2011）等に従って行うことができる。
<Measurement of sulforaphane concentration>
The concentration of sulforaphane in an agent, food composition, extract or the like can be measured by a method well known to those skilled in the art. For example, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method can be used, and specific methods include the method of Han et al. (Han et al., Int. J. Mol. Sci., 12, 1854-1861, 2011). Etc. can be performed.
＜メラトニン産生促進剤＞
本発明のメラトニン産生促進剤の投与形態としては、例えば、錠剤、被覆錠剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤、散剤、溶液、シロップ剤、乳液等による経口投与を好ましく挙げることができる。なお、非経口投与形態が排除されるわけではなく、局所組織投与や、注射による皮下、皮内、筋肉内、静脈内投与、或いは、有効成分を揮発させることによる鼻腔内投与等によってもよい。
<Melatonin production promoter>
As the administration form of the melatonin production promoter of the present invention, for example, oral administration with tablets, coated tablets, capsules, granules, powders, solutions, syrups, emulsions and the like can be preferably mentioned. The parenteral administration form is not excluded, and may be administered by local tissue administration, subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular, intravenous administration by injection, intranasal administration by volatilizing the active ingredient, or the like.
本発明のメラトニン産生促進剤は、賦形剤、結合剤、崩壊剤、滑沢剤、着色剤、矯味矯臭剤、溶解補助剤、懸濁剤、コーティング剤などの医薬等の製剤技術分野において通常使用し得る既知の補助剤を用いて製剤化することができる。また、本発明のメラトニン産生促進剤の分類としては、医薬品または医薬部外品の態様であってもよい。 The melatonin production promoter of the present invention is usually used in the field of formulation technology such as pharmaceuticals such as excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, colorants, flavoring agents, solubilizing agents, suspending agents and coating agents. It can be formulated with known adjuvants that may be used. In addition, the classification of the melatonin production promoter of the present invention may be in the form of a drug or a quasi-drug.
＜メラトニン産生促進用食品組成物＞
本発明のメラトニン産生促進用食品組成物としては、例えば、飲料（ジュース、コーヒー、紅茶、茶、炭酸飲料、スポーツ飲料、青汁等）、菓子類（ガム、キャンディー、キャラメル、チョコレート、クッキー、スナック、ゼリー、グミ、錠菓等）、麺類（そば、うどん、ラーメン等）、乳製品（ミルク、アイスクリーム、ヨーグルト等）、調味料（味噌、醤油等）、スープ類、をはじめとする一般食品や、健康食品（錠剤、カプセル等）、栄養補助食品（サプリメント、栄養ドリンク等）が挙げられる。
<Food composition for promoting melatonin production>
Examples of the food composition for promoting melatonin production of the present invention include beverages (juice, coffee, tea, tea, carbonated beverages, sports beverages, green juice, etc.) and confectionery (gum, candy, caramel, chocolate, cookies, snacks). , Jelly, gummy, tablet confectionery, etc.), noodles (soba, udon, ramen, etc.), dairy products (milk, ice cream, yogurt, etc.), seasonings (miso, soy sauce, etc.), soups, and other general foods , Health foods (tablets, capsules, etc.), dietary supplements (supplements, nutritional drinks, etc.).
これら食品組成物には、その種類に応じて種々の成分を配合することができ、例えば、ブドウ糖、果糖、ショ糖、マルトース、ソルビトール、コーンスターチ、デキストリン、ステビオサイド、コーンシロップ、乳糖、クエン酸、酒石酸、リンゴ酸、コハク酸、乳酸、Ｌ−アスコルビン酸、ｄｌ−α−トコフェロール、エリソルビン酸ナトリウム、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、セルロース、アラビアガム、カラギーナン、カゼイン、ゼラチン、ペクチン、寒天、ビタミンＢ類、ニコチン酸アミド、パントテン酸カルシウム、アミノ酸類、カルシウム塩類、色素、香料、保存剤等の食品添加物を任意に使用することができる。 Various ingredients can be blended in these food compositions depending on the type, for example, glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, sorbitol, corn starch, dextrin, stebioside, corn syrup, lactose, citric acid, tartrate acid. , Malic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, L-ascorbic acid, dl-α-tocopherol, sodium erythorbic acid, glycerin, propylene glycol, glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid Optional use of food additives such as esters, cellulose, arabic gum, carrageenan, casein, gelatin, pectin, agar, vitamin Bs, malic acid amide, calcium pantothenate, amino acids, calcium salts, pigments, fragrances, preservatives, etc. can do.
＜グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの含有量＞
本発明のメラトニン産生促進剤は、特に限定されないが、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種を合計で０．０３質量％以上含有していることが好ましく、０．５質量％以上含有していることがより好ましく、５質量％以上含有していることが特に好ましい。
<Contents of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane>
The melatonin production promoter of the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably contains at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane in a total amount of 0.03% by mass or more, and preferably 0.5% by mass or more. Is more preferable, and it is particularly preferable that the content is 5% by mass or more.
また、本発明のメラトニン産生促進用食品組成物は、特に限定されないが、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種を合計で０．０１質量％以上含有していることが好ましく、０．０４質量％以上含有していることがより好ましく、０．２５質量％以上含有していることが特に好ましい。 The food composition for promoting melatonin production of the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably contains at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane in a total amount of 0.01% by mass or more, preferably 0.04% by mass or more. It is more preferable that it is contained, and it is particularly preferable that it is contained in an amount of 0.25% by mass or more.
＜投与量／摂取量＞
本発明のメラトニン産生促進剤の投与量、又はメラトニン産生促進用食品組成物の摂取量は、投与／摂取する対象がヒトである場合、その性別、症状、年齢、投与方法によって異なるが、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種が通常、成人（体重６０ｋｇ程度）１日当たり２４ｍｇ以上であればよく、３０ｍｇ以上であることが、作用が十分に発揮される観点から好ましい。この１日当たりの量を一度に又は数回に分けて投与／摂取することができ、そのタイミングとしては、食前、食後、食間のいずれでもよい。また、投与／摂取期間は特に限定されないが、４週間以上継続的に摂取することが好ましい。
<Dose / Intake>
The dose of the melatonin production-promoting agent of the present invention or the intake of the melatonin-promoting food composition varies depending on the sex, symptom, age, and administration method when the subject to be administered / ingested is human, but glucoraphane At least one of nin and sulforaphane usually needs to be 24 mg or more per day for an adult (body weight of about 60 kg), and 30 mg or more is preferable from the viewpoint of fully exerting the action. This daily amount can be administered / ingested at one time or in several divided doses, and the timing may be any of pre-meal, post-meal, and inter-meal. The administration / intake period is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to continuously ingest for 4 weeks or more.
なお、前述の１日当たりの投与量は、食品組成物の形態によって異なるが、表示される１日の摂取目安量や、通常１度で消費する飲みきりタイプの飲料であれば１本当たりに含まれる量を指すものである。 The above-mentioned daily dose varies depending on the form of the food composition, but it is included in the displayed daily intake guideline amount and in the case of a single-drink type beverage that is normally consumed at one time. It refers to the amount of food that is consumed.
＜睡眠の質改善剤及び睡眠の質改善用食品組成物＞
後述の実施例にて示される通り、本発明のメラトニン産生促進剤の作用により、睡眠の質が改善されると考えられる。ここで、「睡眠の質改善」とは、メラトニンが産生されることにより、例えば、概日リズム睡眠障害が予防される、寝付きが良くなる、深い眠りに入ることをいうが、これに限定されない。
<Sleep quality improver and sleep quality improving food composition>
As shown in Examples described later, it is considered that the quality of sleep is improved by the action of the melatonin production promoter of the present invention. Here, "improvement of sleep quality" means, for example, prevention of circadian rhythm sleep disorder, better sleep, and deep sleep due to the production of melatonin, but is not limited to this. ..
したがって、本発明の他の態様として、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種を有効成分として含有する、睡眠の質改善剤及び睡眠の質改善用食品組成物も提供される。 Therefore, as another aspect of the present invention, a sleep quality improving agent and a sleep quality improving food composition containing at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane as active ingredients are also provided.
本発明の睡眠の質改善剤及び睡眠の質改善用食品組成物の寄与成分、投与量、態様等の具体的な説明については、前述したメラトニン産生促進剤及びメラトニン産生促進用の食品組成物の説明に準ずる。 For specific explanations of the contributing components, doses, aspects, etc. of the sleep quality improving agent and the food composition for improving sleep quality of the present invention, the above-mentioned melatonin production promoting agent and the food composition for promoting melatonin production are described. Follow the explanation.
本発明のメラトニン産生促進用食品組成物及び睡眠の質改善用食品組成物は、前述した機能性や生体に対する有用な作用に基づいて、好適に機能性表示食品や特定保健用食品とすることができる。 The food composition for promoting melatonin production and the food composition for improving sleep quality of the present invention can be suitably used as foods with functional claims and foods for specified health uses based on the above-mentioned functionality and useful effects on the living body. it can.
以下に実施例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
事前アンケートで自身の睡眠に不満をもつと回答した３０歳以上７０歳未満の健常成人男女１６名を対象とし、以下の実施例１の試験食品又は比較例１のプラセボ食品を４週間摂取させて、二重盲検プラセボ対照並行群間比較試験を実施した。 Sixteen healthy adult men and women between the ages of 30 and 70 who answered that they were dissatisfied with their sleep in the pre-questionnaire were given the following test food of Example 1 or placebo food of Comparative Example 1 for 4 weeks. , A double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparative study was conducted.
＜実施例１＞
試験食品として、ブロッコリースプラウト由来のグルコラファニンを含有するカプセル剤（３粒中にグルコラファニン３１．３ｍｇ）を用いた（スルフォラファン摂取群）。試験食品は、摂取期間中１日１回３粒を約１００ｍＬの水又は白湯とともに毎日摂取するよう、研究対象者に説明した。
<Example 1>
As a test food, a capsule containing glucoraphanin derived from broccoli sprout (31.3 mg of glucoraphanin in 3 capsules) was used (sulforaphane intake group). The study subjects were instructed to take 3 tablets of the test food once daily with about 100 mL of water or plain hot water during the ingestion period.
＜比較例１＞
プラセボ食品として、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンを含まないカプセル剤を使用した（プラセボ摂取群）。
<Comparative example 1>
As a placebo food, capsules free of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane were used (placebo intake group).
＜試験例１＞
実施例の１試験食品及び比較例１のプラセボ食品の摂取前と４週間摂取後に各々２１時、２３時、翌朝７時から８時の間、の３点でそれぞれ４ｍＬの唾液を採取して、マイナス８０℃で保管した。採種した唾液サンプルを解凍後、Ｓａｌｉｖａｒｙ Ｍｅｌａｔｏｎｉｎ Ｅｎｚｙｍｅ Ｉｍｍｕｎｏａｓｓａｙ Ｋｉｔ（Ｓａｌｉｍｅｔｒｉｃｓ社）を用いて、取扱説明書に記載のとおり、ＥＬＩＳＡ法により唾液中のメラトニン量を測定した（図１）。また、摂取前後における、各時間でのメラトニン量からＡＵＣ値（Ａｒｅａ Ｕｎｄｅｒ ｔｈｅ Ｃｕｒｖｅ：曲線下面積値）の評価を行い、平均値の比較と、Ｗｉｌｃｏｘｏｎ符号付順位和検定による解析を行った（図２）。
<Test Example 1>
Before and after ingesting the placebo food of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, 4 mL of saliva was collected at 3 points, 21:00, 23:00, and 7:00 to 8:00 the next morning, respectively, and minus 80. Stored at ° C. After thawing the collected saliva sample, the amount of melatonin in saliva was measured by the ELISA method using a Salivary Melatonin Enzyme Immunoassay Kit (Salimetrics) as described in the instruction manual (FIG. 1). In addition, the AUC value (Area Under the Curve) was evaluated from the amount of melatonin at each time before and after ingestion, the average value was compared, and the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test was used for analysis (Fig.). 2).
＜試験例２＞
睡眠の質について、ビジュアル・アナログ・スケール（ＶＡＳ）法を用いて評価を行った。ＶＡＳ法とは、両端に対をなす極端な状態を表記した長さ１００ｍｍの線分上に、被験者自身に記入時の主観的な感覚を垂直な１本線で表してもらい、端からその垂線までの長さを測定してＶＡＳスコアとすることで、被験者の主観的な感覚を評価する方法である。今回の評価では、「睡眠の質」の左端を「昨晩の睡眠の質は非常に悪かった」としてスコア０とし、右端を「昨晩の睡眠の質は非常に良かった」としてスコア１０とした。つまり、数字が大きいほど、良い評価となる。ＶＡＳ法の評価結果は、摂取開始前と１、２、４週間摂取後について、２元配置分散分析後、Ｄｕｎｎｅｔ検定（ｖｓ ０週）により解析した（図３）。
<Test Example 2>
The quality of sleep was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) method. The VAS method is a line segment with a length of 100 mm that indicates an extreme state paired at both ends, and the subject himself / herself is asked to express the subjective sensation at the time of writing with a single vertical line, from the end to the perpendicular line. It is a method of evaluating the subjective sensation of a subject by measuring the length of the subject and using it as a VAS score. In this evaluation, the left end of "sleep quality" was given a score of 0 as "last night's sleep quality was very poor", and the right end was given a score of 10 as "last night's sleep quality was very good". In other words, the larger the number, the better the evaluation. The evaluation results of the VAS method were analyzed by Dunnett's test (vs 0 week) after the two-way ANOVA before the start of ingestion and after 1, 2 and 4 weeks of ingestion (Fig. 3).
＜評価結果＞
試験例１において、スルフォラファン摂取群（実施例１）では、唾液中のメラトニン量が、摂取前と比較して摂取後の２１時の測定ポイントで有意な高値を示した。プラセボ摂取群（比較例１）では摂取前後で有意な差はなく、実測値・変化量ともに群間での差は確認されなかった（図１）。また、ＡＵＣにおいて、スルフォラファン摂取群では、摂取前と比較して摂取後で有意な高値を示した。プラセボ摂取群では摂取前後で有意な差はなく、実測値・変化量ともに群間での差は確認されなかった（図２）。したがって、スルフォラファンはメラトニン量の増加を引き起こすこと、つまり、メラトニンの産生を促進していることが示された。
<Evaluation result>
In Test Example 1, in the sulforaphane ingestion group (Example 1), the amount of melatonin in saliva showed a significantly higher value at the measurement point at 21:00 after ingestion as compared with before ingestion. In the placebo intake group (Comparative Example 1), there was no significant difference before and after ingestion, and no difference was confirmed between the groups in terms of measured value and amount of change (Fig. 1). In addition, in the AUC, in the sulforaphane ingestion group, a significantly higher value was shown after ingestion as compared with before ingestion. There was no significant difference between the placebo intake group before and after ingestion, and no difference was confirmed between the groups in terms of measured value and amount of change (Fig. 2). Therefore, it was shown that sulforaphane causes an increase in the amount of melatonin, that is, promotes the production of melatonin.
試験例２において、スルフォラファン摂取群のＶＡＳ値は、試験食品摂取前と比較して、試験食品摂取２、４週目で有意な高値を示した（図３）。一方、プラセボ摂取群では、有意な変化はなかった。したがって、スルフォラファン摂取による睡眠の質の改善効果が示唆された。 In Test Example 2, the VAS value of the sulforaphane intake group was significantly higher at the 2nd and 4th weeks of the test food intake than before the test food intake (Fig. 3). On the other hand, there was no significant change in the placebo intake group. Therefore, it was suggested that the intake of sulforaphane improved the quality of sleep.
本発明が有用な分野は、医薬品、栄養補助食品及び機能性表示食品である。 Areas in which the present invention is useful are pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements and foods with functional claims.
Claims (16)
その有効成分は、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種である。 A melatonin production promoter
Its active ingredient is at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane.
前記グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンは、アブラナ科植物由来である。 The melatonin production promoter according to claim 1.
The glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are derived from cruciferous plants.
前記アブラナ科植物は、ブロッコリーである。 The melatonin production promoter according to claim 1 or 2.
The cruciferous plant is broccoli.
それが含有するのは、ブロッコリースプラウト抽出物である。 The melatonin production promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
It contains a broccoli sprout extract.
グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種である。 A food composition for promoting melatonin production, which contains at least,
It is at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane.
前記グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンは、アブラナ科植物由来である。 The food composition for promoting melatonin production according to claim 5.
The glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are derived from cruciferous plants.
前記アブラナ科植物は、ブロッコリーである。 The food composition for promoting melatonin production according to claim 5 or 6.
The cruciferous plant is broccoli.
それが含有するのは、ブロッコリースプラウト抽出物である。 A food composition for promoting melatonin production according to any one of claims 5 to 7.
It contains a broccoli sprout extract.
その有効成分は、グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種である。 It ’s a sleep quality improver,
Its active ingredient is at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane.
前記グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンは、アブラナ科植物由来である。 The sleep quality improving agent according to claim 9.
The glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are derived from cruciferous plants.
前記グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンは、ブロッコリースプラウト由来である。 The sleep quality improving agent according to claim 9 or 10.
The glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are derived from broccoli sprout.
それが含有するのは、ブロッコリースプラウト抽出物である。 A sleep quality improving agent according to any one of claims 9 to 11.
It contains a broccoli sprout extract.
グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンの少なくとも一種である。 A food composition for improving sleep quality that contains, at least,
It is at least one of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane.
前記グルコラファニン及びスルフォラファンは、アブラナ科植物由来である。 The food composition for improving sleep quality according to claim 13.
The glucoraphanin and sulforaphane are derived from cruciferous plants.
前記アブラナ科植物は、ブロッコリーである。 The food composition for improving sleep quality according to claim 13 or 14.
The cruciferous plant is broccoli.
それが含有するのは、ブロッコリースプラウト抽出物である。 A food composition for improving sleep quality according to any one of claims 13 to 15.
It contains a broccoli sprout extract.
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