JP2020521735A - 方法及び分子 - Google Patents
方法及び分子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2020521735A JP2020521735A JP2019563099A JP2019563099A JP2020521735A JP 2020521735 A JP2020521735 A JP 2020521735A JP 2019563099 A JP2019563099 A JP 2019563099A JP 2019563099 A JP2019563099 A JP 2019563099A JP 2020521735 A JP2020521735 A JP 2020521735A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mab
- reaction
- alkylene
- amino acid
- diene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 207
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005698 Diels-Alder reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001268 conjugating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- -1 maleic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 139
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 112
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 112
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 111
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 101
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 101
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 55
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 54
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 44
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- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
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- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
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- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
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- YUOCYTRGANSSRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[2,3-i][1,2]benzodiazepine Chemical compound C1=CN=NC2=C3C=CN=C3C=CC2=C1 YUOCYTRGANSSRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- ANZJBCHSOXCCRQ-FKUXLPTCSA-N mertansine Chemical compound CO[C@@H]([C@@]1(O)C[C@H](OC(=O)N1)[C@@H](C)[C@@H]1O[C@@]1(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)[C@H](C)N(C)C(=O)CCS)CC(=O)N1C)\C=C\C=C(C)\CC2=CC(OC)=C(Cl)C1=C2 ANZJBCHSOXCCRQ-FKUXLPTCSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010044540 auristatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
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- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DASWEROEPLKSEI-UIJRFTGLSA-N monomethyl auristatin e Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N(C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)[C@H](OC)CC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DASWEROEPLKSEI-UIJRFTGLSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose Chemical compound N[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950004094 xenon (133xe) Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K47/6801—Drug-antibody or immunoglobulin conjugates defined by the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent
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- A61K47/6889—Conjugates wherein the antibody being the modifying agent and wherein the linker, binder or spacer confers particular properties to the conjugates, e.g. peptidic enzyme-labile linkers or acid-labile linkers, providing for an acid-labile immuno conjugate wherein the drug may be released from its antibody conjugated part in an acidic, e.g. tumoural or environment
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- C07C233/46—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C233/48—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to an acyclic carbon atom of a saturated carbon skeleton containing rings
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Abstract
Description
RX−X1−O0〜1C(O)−アミノ酸残基 (I)
式中:
RXは:
i)C4〜9直鎖状共役ジエンと、
ii)共役ジエンを含むC5〜14カルボシクリルと、
iii)O、N、及びSから選択される1、2、又は3つのヘテロ原子、並びに共役ジエンを含む5〜14員のヘテロシクリルと
から選択される不飽和基を表し、
i)、ii)、及びiii)は、最大5つの置換基(例えば、1、2、又は3つの置換基)を有してよく、例えば置換基は、C1〜3アルキル、オキソ、ハロゲン、スルホ、スルフヒドリル、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択され;
X1は
i)飽和若しくは不飽和の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、若しくは−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており;又は
ii)カルボシクリル若しくはヘテロシクリル由来の炭素と一緒に、飽和若しくは不飽和(特に、飽和)の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜6アルキレン鎖に連結されたシクロプロパン環を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、若しくは−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており、
−O0〜1C(O)−は、アミノ酸の側鎖を介して連結されている。
X2は、−C−、−C(R’)−、−CH2、又はOを表し;
R’は、H又はC1〜3アルキルを表し、
Raは、
i)飽和若しくは不飽和の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており;又は
ii)5員環由来の炭素と一緒に、飽和若しくは不飽和(特に、飽和)の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜6アルキレン鎖に連結されたシクロプロパン環を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており;
Rbは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Rcは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Rdは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Reは、H、飽和又は不飽和(特に、飽和)の、分枝状又は枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、1つ以上の炭素は、場合によっては、−O−によって置換されており、鎖は、場合によっては、1つ以上のハロゲン原子(例えばヨード)、N3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルによって置換されている。
式中、
RX−Bn−X3 m−Yp−Z (III)
nは、0又は1を表し;
mは、0又は1を表し;
pは、0又は1を表し;
RXは:
i)C4〜9直鎖状共役ジエンと、
ii)共役ジエンを含むC5〜14カルボシクリルと、
iii)O、N、及びSから選択される1、2、又は3つのヘテロ原子、並びに共役ジエンを含む5〜14員のヘテロシクリルと
から選択される不飽和基を表し、
i)、ii)、及びiii)は、最大5つの置換基(例えば、1、2、又は3つの置換基)を有してよく、例えば置換基は、C1〜3アルキル、オキソ、ハロゲン、スルホ、スルフヒドリル、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択され;
Bは、C1〜6アルキレン、−C3〜4シクロアルキルC1〜6アルキレン−を表し;場合によっては、糖残基(例えば、グルコース、グルコサミン、ガラクトース、ガラクトサミン、ラクトース、マンノース、及びフルクトース)が、C1〜6アルキレン、−C3〜4シクロアルキルC1〜6アルキレン−の任意の1つのアルキレン鎖内に含有され、Bについて定義された前記可変部分(variable)の任意の1つのアルキレン鎖は、場合によっては、N−及びO−結合糖残基(例えば、グルコース、グルコサミン、ガラクトース、ガラクトサミン、ラクトース、マンノース、及びフルクトース)から独立して選択される1つ又は2つの置換基を有し:
X3は、−(R1)NC(O)−、−C(O)N(R1)−、−OC(O)−、−OC(O)N−を表し;
R1は、H又は−CH2OCH2CH2R2を表し;
R2は、−N3、C2〜5アルキニル、又はハロゲン、例えばヨードを表し;
Yは、−(OCH2)qC2〜6アルキレン、又は場合によっては−NR3R4で置換されている−C2〜6アルキレンを表し、
qは、1〜7000であり;
R3及びR4は、独立して、H又はC1〜3アルキルを表し;
Zは、−C(O)OR5、R5’、−NC(O)R6、−C2〜5アルキレン、CH2−O−NH2、アルキン、アジド、3−アリールプロピオロニトリル(3−arylpropiolonitrile)、又はハロゲン、例えばヨードを表し;
R5は、C1〜6アルキル、スクシンイミド、C6F4H(テトラフルオロヘキシル)、又はHを表し:
R5’は、硫黄架橋基、例えば、ジブロモマレイミド、ジクロロアセトン、又はそれらの任意の1つの誘導体を表し、
R6は、以下を表し:
R7は、場合によっては、ヒドロキシル、スルホ、アミノ、及び−(OCH2)vC2〜6アルキレンから選択される1つ以上(例えば、1、2、又は3つ)の基を有するC1〜6アルキレン、並びに、場合によっては、ヒドロキシル、スルホ、アミノ、及び−(OCH2)vC2〜6アルキレンから選択される1つ以上(例えば、1、2、又は3つ)の基を有するフェニルであり、
vは、整数1、2、3、4、又は5であり、
a.例えば、MMAE(モノメチルオーリスタチンE)、MMAF(モノメチルオーリスタチンF)、ドキソルビシン、チューブリシン、及びデュオカルマイシンを含む群から選択される、オーリスタチン;
b.マイタンシノイド、例えば、N 2’−デアセチル−N 2’−(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)−マイタンシン(DM1)、N 2’−デアセチル−N2’−(4−メルカプト−1−オキソペンチル)−マイタンシン(DM3)、及びN 2’−デアセチル−N 2’(4−メチル−4−メルカプト−1−オキソペンチル)−マイタンシン(DM4)、
c.ピロロベンゾジアゼピン(PBD)又はイミノベンゾジアゼピン(IBD)、
d.トポイソメラーゼ阻害剤、例えば、SN−38、イリノテカン、エキサテカン、又はDxD1、
e.毒物、並びに
f.ポリマー、例えば天然のポリマー、例えば、デンプン、ポリ(グルタミン酸)、ポリ(アスパラギン酸)、ポリ(リシン)、若しくはアルブミン、又は合成ポリマー、例えばPEG
から選択される。
RYは、例えば本明細書中で定義される、ペイロードを表し;
RZは、例えば本明細書中で定義される、生体分子を表し、又は
式(IVb)を有し:
RYは、例えば本明細書中で定義される、ペイロードを表し;
RZは、例えば本明細書中で定義される、生体分子を表し;
X4は、−O−若しくは−CH2−を表す。
a.例えば、チューブリシン又はピロロベンゾジアゼピン(PBD)MMAE(モノメチルオーリスタチンE)、MMAF(モノメチルオーリスタチンF)、ドキソルビシン、及びデュオカルマイシンを含む群から選択される、オーリスタチン;
b.マイタンシノイド、例えばN 2’−デアセチル−N 2’−(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)−マイタンシン(DM1)、N 2’−デアセチル−N2’−(4−メルカプト−1−オキソペンチル)−マイタンシン(DM3)、及びN 2’−デアセチル−N 2’(4−メチル−4−メルカプト−1−オキソペンチル)−マイタンシン(DM4)、
c.毒物、
d.ポリマー、例えば天然ポリマー、例えば、デンプン、ポリ(グルタミン酸)、若しくはアルブミン、又は合成ポリマー、例えばPEG
から選択される。
RX−X1−O0〜1C(O)−アミノ酸残基 (I)
式中:
RXは:
i)C4〜9直鎖状共役ジエンと、
ii)共役ジエンを含むC5〜14カルボシクリルと、
iii)O、N、及びSから選択される1、2、又は3つのヘテロ原子、並びに共役ジエンを含む5〜14員のヘテロシクリルと
から選択される不飽和基を表し、
i)、ii)、及びiii)は、1、2、又は3つの置換基を有してよく;
X1は、C1〜5アルキルを表し、
O0〜1C(O)は、アミノ酸の側鎖を介して連結される。
X2は、−C−、CR’、−CH2、又はOを表し;
Raは、
i)飽和若しくは不飽和の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており;又は
ii)5員環由来の炭素と一緒に、飽和若しくは不飽和(例えば、飽和)の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜6アルキレン鎖に連結されたシクロプロパン環を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており;
Rbは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Rcは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Rdは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Reは、H、飽和又は不飽和の、分枝状又は枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、1つ以上の炭素は、場合によっては、−O−によって置換されており、鎖は、場合によっては、1つ以上のハロゲン原子(例えばヨード)、N3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルによって置換されている。
本明細書中で使用される生体分子は、少なくとも1つの生物活性を有するポリペプチドである。
用語「ポリペプチド」、「ペプチド」及び「タンパク質」は、任意の長さのアミノ酸のポリマーを指すために本明細書において互換的に使用される。ポリマーは、直鎖でも分枝鎖でもよく、それは、改変アミノ酸を含み得、それは、非アミノ酸により中断されていてよい。この用語は、天然に又は介入;例えば、ジスルフィド結合形成、グリコシル化、脂質化、アセチル化、リン酸化、もしくは任意の他の操作もしくは改変、例えば、標識構成要素とのコンジュゲーションにより改変されたアミノ酸ポリマーも包含する。定義には、例えば、アミノ酸の1つ以上のアナログ(例として、例えば、非天然アミノ酸など)及び当分野において公知の他の改変を含有するポリペプチドも含まれる。これは、本開示のポリペプチドが抗体をベースとするためであることが理解される。
実体として、粒子(例えば、ナノ粒子又はマイクロ粒子)、固体支持体(例えばプレート)が挙げられ、そして又ペイロードが挙げられる。
提供される実施形態を詳述する前に、本開示は具体的な組成物にもプロセスステップにも限定されるものではなく、それ自体変動し得ることを理解すべきである。本明細書及び付属の特許請求の範囲において使用される単数形「a」、「an」及び「the」は、文脈が特に明示しない限り、複数の参照物を含む。用語「a」(又は「an」)は、ならびに用語「1つ以上の」及び「少なくとも1つ」は、本明細書において互換的に使用することができる。
本開示は、本明細書に記載の分子(例えば、本開示の加水分解された分子)を含む組成物、特に、本開示の分子及び医薬賦形剤、希釈剤又は担体を含む医薬組成物(又は診断組成物)に及ぶ。
本開示は又、治療有効量の本開示による分子又は組成物、例えば、それを含む医薬組成物を投与することにより、治療が必要とされる患者を治療する方法に及ぶ。
NNAA 非天然のアミノ酸
DAR 薬物:抗体比(通常、コンジュゲートされたあらゆる種、例えばリンカーについての比率を説明するのにも用いられる)。
ADCを生成するコンジュゲーション様式として、フラン−マレイミド反応を評価した。フラン−NHSを、SynChem,Inc.から90%の純度にて得た。
マレイミド−MMAEとのフラン修飾mAbの反応:MMAE上に含有されるアルキルマレイミド基又はフェニルマレイミド基へのフラン基のディールス−アルダー4+2付加環化カップリングを通して、MMAE ADCペイロードをmAb−フラン−リンカー上に取り付けた。最初に、mAb−フラン−リンカー溶液(286μL、3.5mg/mL、6.7nmol、1当量)を、10%v/v NaH2PO4及び20%v/v DMSOと組み合わせた。次に、AM−MMAE又はPM−MMAE溶液(10μLのDMAc中10mMストック液、100nmol、15当量)を抗体溶液に加えた。反応混合物を、周囲雰囲気下でキャッピングして、37℃にて20時間混合しながら反応を進めた。20時間の反応期間が完了した後、N−アセチルシステイン(8μLの100mM溶液、8当量)を加えて、溶液をさらに、室温にて15分間インキュベートして、マレイミド基をクエンチした。クエンチングの後、以下に記載する脱グリコシル化質量分析による分析に先立って、PD Spintrap G−25装置(GE Healthcare Life Sciences)を用いて、コンジュゲートを精製した。Alloc−リシンを、上に記載するフラン−リンカー修飾mAbと、75mM NaOH(10μL、2μmol、300当量)中200mMストック液を用いて反応させた。
質量分析:最初に、50μLサンプル(1mg/mL mAb)を5μLグリコバッファ1(New England BioLabs)及び5μL Remove−iT EndoS(PBS中1:10の希釈、20,000単位/mL、New England BioLabs)と組み合わせてから37℃にて1時間インキュベートすることによって、mAb又はmAbコンジュゲートを、EndoS(New England BioLabs)で脱グリコシル化した。5μL Bond−Breaker TCEP溶液(0.5M、Thermo Fisher Scientific)の付加及び37℃にて10分間のインキュベーションによって、還元サンプルを調製した。RP−HPLCカラム(ZORBAX 300 Diphenyl RRHD、1.8ミクロン、2.1mm×50mm)を備えたAgilent 6520B Q−TOF質量スペクトロメータを用いて、質量分析を実行した。高性能液体クロマトグラフィ(HPLC)のパラメータは、以下の通りであった:流量、0.5ml/分;移動相Aは、HPLCグレードのH2O中0.1%(v/v)ギ酸であり、移動相Bは、アセトニトリル中0.1%(v/v)ギ酸であった。カラムを、90%A/10%B中で平衡化させた。これを又、mAbサンプルを脱塩してから、20%A/80%B中に溶出するのに用いた。100〜3000m/z、正極性、350℃のガス温度、48lb/in2のネブライザ圧力、及び5,000Vのキャピラリ電圧についての質量スペクトルデータを収集した。ベンダーが供給する(Agilent v.B.04.00)MassHunter Qualitative Analysisソフトウェアを用いて、データを分析して、デコンボリューションしたスペクトル由来のピーク強度を用いて、各サンプルにおける種の相対割合を導き出した。
架橋剤及び非天然アミノ酸(NNAA)を、図2.1に示す一般的な設計に基づいて調製した。
メチルブロモアセタート(6.0mL、63mmol、1.05当量)を、THF(60mL)に加えて、−78℃に冷却した。シクロペンタジエニドナトリウム(2M THF溶液、30mL、60mmol、1当量)を、10分にわたって滴加した。反応物を、−78℃にて2時間撹拌した。反応を、H2O(6mL)及びシリカゲル(6g)でクエンチして、室温に温めた。反応混合物をシリカのプラグで濾過してから、DCM(100mL)でリンスした。有機層を組み合わせて、溶媒を除去して、メチル2−(シクロペンタジエニル)アセタート異性体(1:1)を茶色の油として得、これを次の工程に直接用いた。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,4:1):0.11;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 6.50−6.13(m,3H),3.81(td,J=6.3,10.1Hz,2H),3.01(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),2.95(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),2.70(dt,J=1.2,6.5Hz,1H),2.66(dt,J=1.4,6.4Hz,1H),1.52(s,1H)ppm.
2(2.86g、26.0mmol、1当量)を、DCM(100mL)に加えて、0℃に冷却した。ピリジン(5.2mL、65mmol、2.5当量)に続いて、4−ニトロフェニルクロロホルマート(5.76g、28.6mmol、1.1当量)を、2部中に10分にわたって加えた。氷浴を取り除いて、反応物を、出発材料の消費まで撹拌した(TLC、40分)。反応物を分液漏斗中に注いで、H2O中飽和NH4Cl(100mL)で洗浄した。水層を、DCM(100mL)で抽出した。有機層を組み合わせて、ブライン(50mL)で洗浄して、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、溶媒を除去した。残留物を、フラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、6:1)にかけて、黄色の油として2(5.69g、80%)を得、これをフリーザ内で固めた。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,4:1):0.43;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 8.34−8.24(m,2H),7.40−7.34(m,2H),6.56−6.13(m,3H),4.47(td,J=6.8,10.2Hz,2H),3.02(d,J=0.8Hz,1H),2.98(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),2.88(dtd,J=1.0,6.9,16.1Hz,2H)ppm.
2(3.60g、13.1mmol、1当量)を、DMF(30mL)に加えてから、Fmoc−Lys−OH(5.78g、15.7mmol、1.2当量)及びDIPEA(5.4mL、32mmol、2.4当量)を加えた。反応物を、出発材料の消費まで撹拌し(NMR、3.5時間)、その後、EtOAc(100mL)及びH2O(140mL)中に注いだ。水層を、HCl(1M、60mL)で酸性化して、分液漏斗に注いで、層を分離した。水層を、EtOAc(2×100mL)で抽出した。有機層を組み合わせて、ブライン(100mL)で洗浄して、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、溶媒を除去した。残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、3:1、続いてDCM:MeOH:AcOH、89:10:1)にかけて、白色の泡として3(4.73g、72%)を得た。
Rf(DCM:MeOH:AcOH,89:10:1):0.50;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 7.76(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.66−7.56(m,2H),7.39(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.31(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),6.57−5.96(m,3H),5.85−5.54(m,1H),4.84−4.11(m,7H),3.27−2.61(m,6H),1.99−1.11(m,6H)ppm.
3(4.61g、9.13mmol、1当量)を、DMF(130mL)に加えてから、ピペリジン(14.4mL)を加えた。反応物を、出発材料の消費まで撹拌し(TLC、90分)、その後、溶媒を除去した。Et2O(100mL)を残留物に加えて、懸濁液を5分間超音波処理した。懸濁液を濾過して、Et2O(100mL)でリンスした。固体をMeOH(10mL)中に懸濁して、10分間撹拌して、Et2O(40mL)を加えて、懸濁液を濾過して、Et2O(50mL)でリンスした。化合物を減圧下で乾燥させて、黄褐色の粉末として4(2.15g、84%)を得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,メタノール−d4+一滴のTFA)δ 6.53−6.07(m,3H),4.29−4.11(m,2H),3.96(t,J=6.3Hz,1H),3.11(t,J=1.0Hz,2H),3.01−2.62(m,3H),2.02−1.81(m,2H),1.62−1.35(m,4H)ppm;MS(FD)精密質量C14H22N2O4[M+H]+:283.17,実測値:283.19.
DCM(1.5mL)を、1(0.33g、3.0mmol、1当量)を含有するバイアルに加えた。Et3N(0.42mL、3.0mmol、1当量)、DMAP(37mg、0.30mmol、0.1当量)、及び無水コハク酸(0.33g、3.3mmol、1.1当量)を加えて、反応物を、空気雰囲気下でキャッピングして、出発材料の消費まで室温にて撹拌した(TLC、60分)。反応混合物を、DCM(50mL)と共に分液漏斗中に注いで、水性HCl(1M、50mL)に続いてH2O(50mL)で抽出した。有機層をMgSO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、溶媒を除去して、黄褐色の粉末として5(0.57g、90%)を得た。
Rf(EtOAc):0.67;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 11.49(br.s.,1H),6.49−6.05(m,3H),4.27(td,J=7.0,9.0Hz,2H),2.94(d,J=17.6Hz,2H),2.80−2.56(m,6H)ppm.
THF(10mL)を、5(0.42g、2.0mmol、1当量)を含有するバイアルに加えた。NHS(0.32g、2.8mmol、1.4当量)、EDC・HCl(0.46g、2.4mmol、1.2当量)、及びDCM(5mL)を加えて、反応物を、空気雰囲気下でキャッピングして、室温にて一晩撹拌した。溶媒を除去して、残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、1:1)にかけて、澄明な、粘性油として6(0.48g、78%)を得た。CP1−NHSは、抗体へのコンジュゲーション後にCP1−リンカーと呼ばれる。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,1:1):0.38;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 6.49−6.40(m,3H),6.31(dd,J=1.2,5.1Hz,1H),6.25(td,J=1.5,2.8Hz,1H),6.11(td,J=1.8,3.0Hz,1H),4.30(td,J=7.0,9.0Hz,4H),3.00−2.90(m,8H),2.85(br.s.,8H),2.80−2.68(m,8H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ 170.8,170.8,168.9,168.8,167.6,167.6,144.3,142.3,134.2,134.1,132.3,131.4,128.4,128.0,64.5,64.2,43.5,41.4,29.7,29.0,28.7,26.2,25.5 ppm.
シクロペンタジエン−マレイミド反応を、生体コンジュゲーションについて評価し、そこではリンカーを介してシクロペンタジエン基を導入した。
マレイミド−MMAEとのCP1修飾mAbの反応:mAb−CP1−リンカー(2.3CP1ジエン/mAb、1mg、6.7nmol mAb、1当量)を、3.5mg/mLの最終濃度に、PBS(pH7.4)で希釈した。次に、DMSOを加えて、20%v/v溶液を得てから、1M第1リン酸ナトリウムを加えて、10%v/v溶液を得た。全ての溶液構成要素の付加により、2.7mg/mL mAb、41.4μM CP1ジエン、1.78M DMSO、110mMリン酸ナトリウム、100mM NaCl、pH5.5を含む混合物を得た。AM−MMAE又はPM−MMAE(10μLのDMAc中10mMストック液、100nmol、15当量)を抗体溶液に加えた。反応混合物を簡単にボルテックスして、混合しながら22℃又は37℃にて進めた。4時間の反応の後、N−アセチルシステイン(8μLの100mM溶液、120当量)を加えて、未反応マレイミド基をクエンチした。次に、サンプルを、PD Spintrap G−25装置(GE Healthcare Life Sciences)を用いて精製して、混合物から小分子構成要素を取り出した。次に、以下に記載する還元脱グリコシル化質量分析によって、サンプルを分析した。
質量分析:実施例1に記載するように、サンプルを分析した。
マレイミドMMAEとのmAb−CP1−リンカーの反応カイネティクスを、mAb−CP1−リンカー上に含有されるジエンに対して0.6モル当量のマレイミド−MMAEの化学量論にて調査した。
b=1つのCP1−リンカー基を有する重鎖のピーク強度の合計
c=2つのCP1−リンカー基を有する重鎖のピーク強度の合計
d=3つのCP1−リンカー基を有する重鎖のピーク強度
注:マレイミド−MMAE含有重鎖も又、計算に含めた。例えば、CP1−リンカー−2+1マレイミド−MMAEは、CP1−リンカー−1種として含められることとなる。
図4.1.CP1−NHSとのmAbの(A)反応前の、そして(B)反応後のインタクト脱グリコシル化質量分析。
22℃でのマレイミドMMAEとのCP1ジエンの反応カイネティクスを評価した。
b=1つのCP1−リンカー基を有する重鎖のピーク強度の合計
c=2つのCP1−リンカー基を有する重鎖のピーク強度の合計
d=3つのCP1−リンカー基を有する重鎖のピーク強度
e=未修飾軽鎖のピーク強度
f=1つのCP1−リンカー基を有する軽鎖のピーク強度の合計
g=2つのCP1−リンカー基を有する軽鎖のピーク強度の合計
[CP1]0=時間=0でのCP1ジエン濃度
CP1−NNAAを、抗体の位置K274に組み込んで、発現されたmAbの質、及び抗体組込み後のCP1ジエンの反応性を評価した。
質量分析:脱グリコシル化mAb分析のために、EndoS(5μL Remove−iT EndoS(PBS中1:10の希釈、20,000単位/mL、New England BioLabs)を、50μLサンプル(1mg/mL mAb)及び5μLグリコバッファ1(New England BioLabs)と組み合わせてから、37℃にて1時間インキュベートした。5μL Bond−Breaker TCEP溶液(0.5M、Thermo Fisher Scientific)の付加及び37℃にて10分間のインキュベーションによって、還元サンプルを調製した。RP−HPLCカラム(ZORBAX 300 Diphenyl RRHD、1.8ミクロン、2.1mm×50mm)を備えたAgilent 6520B Q−TOF質量スペクトロメータを用いて、質量分析を実行した。高性能液体クロマトグラフィ(HPLC)パラメータは、以下の通りであった:流量、0.5ml/分;移動相Aは、HPLCグレードのH2O中0.1%(v/v)ギ酸であり、移動相Bは、アセトニトリル中0.1%(v/v)ギ酸であった。カラムを、90%A/10%B中で平衡化させた。これを又、mAbサンプルを脱塩してから、20%A/80%B中に溶出するのに用いた。100〜3000m/z、正極性、350℃のガス温度、48lb/in2のネブライザ圧力、及び5,000Vのキャピラリ電圧についての質量スペクトルデータを収集した。先に記載するように、ベンダーが供給する(Agilent v.B.04.00)MassHunter Qualitative Analysisソフトウェアを用いて、データを分析して、デコンボリューションしたスペクトル由来のピーク強度を用いて、各サンプルにおける種の相対割合を導き出した。
4+2付加環化生成物(シクロペンタジエン−マレイミド結合)の、ラット及びマウス血清内での37℃にて7日間のエクスビボインキュベーションによる生理学的環境内での安定性。
スピロシクロペンタジエン含有架橋剤及び非天然アミノ酸(NNAA)を、以下に示す一般的な構造で調製した:
シクロペンタジエニドナトリウム(2M THF溶液、10mL、20mmol、4当量)をTHF(40mL)に加えて、0℃に冷却した。エピクロルヒドリン(0.39mL、5.0mmol、1当量)を滴加して、反応物を0℃にて1.5時間、その後室温にてさらに2時間撹拌した。反応物をH2O(40mL)でクエンチしてから、分液漏斗に移した。NaHCO3のH2O飽和溶液(40mL)及びエーテル(40mL)を加えて、層を分離した。有機層をブライン(40mL)で洗浄して、MgSO4上で乾燥させて、濾過してから、溶媒を除去した。残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、2:1)にかけて、茶色の油として7(0.48g、78%)を得た。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,2:1):0.22;1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ 6.64(td,J=1.6,5.1Hz,1H),6.51(td,J=1.7,5.1Hz,1H),6.27(tdd,J=1.0,2.1,5.2Hz,1H),6.12(td,J=1.7,5.1Hz,1H),4.08−3.88(m,1H),3.59(dd,J=8.8,11.7Hz,1H),2.48−2.40(m,1H),1.87(dd,J=4.3,8.7Hz,1H),1.69(dd,J=4.4,7.0Hz,1H),1.57(br.s.,1H)ppm;13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ 139.4,133.9,131.7,128.6,64.9,41.9,30.0,17.6 ppm.
7(2.80g、22.9mmol、1当量)を、DCM(100mL)に加えて、0℃に冷却した。ピリジン(4.61mL、57.3mmol、2.5当量)を加えてから、4−ニトロフェニルクロロホルマート(5.08g、25.2mmol、1.1当量)を加えた。反応物を、出発材料の消費まで、0℃にて撹拌した(TLC、30分)。反応物を分液漏斗中に注いで、NH4ClのH2O飽和溶液(100mL)で洗浄した。水層を、DCM(50mL)で抽出した。有機層を組み合わせて、ブライン(50mL)で洗浄して、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、溶媒を除去した。残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、6:1〜4:1)にかけて、琥珀色の油として8(5.17g、79%)を得た。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,4:1):0.28;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 8.28(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.37(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),6.62(td,J=1.7,5.2Hz,1H),6.53(td,J=1.7,4.8Hz,1H),6.25(td,J=1.8,5.5Hz,1H),6.11(td,J=1.6,5.1Hz,1H),4.53(dd,J=7.6,11.5Hz,1H),4.40(dd,J=7.4,11.3Hz,1H),2.52(quin,J=7.6Hz,1H),1.92(dd,J=4.7,8.6Hz,1H),1.76(dd,J=4.7,6.7Hz,1H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ 155.4,152.3,145.3,138.6,133.8,131.7,129.4,125.2,121.7,70.9,41.5,24.6,16.9 ppm.
8(5.12g、17.8mmol、1当量)を、DMF(40mL)に加えてから、Fmoc−Lys−OH(7.87g、21.4mmol、1.2当量)及びDIPEA(7.44mL、42.7mmol、2.4当量)を加えた。反応物を、出発材料の消費まで撹拌し(NMR、3.5時間)、その後、EtOAc(100mL)及びH2O(140mL)中に注いだ。水層を、HCl(1M、100mL)でpH2〜3に酸性化して、分液漏斗中に注いで、層を分離した。水層を、EtOAcで抽出した(2×100mL)。有機層を組み合わせて、ブライン(100mL)で洗浄して、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、溶媒を除去した。残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、3:1、続いてDCM:MeOH:AcOH、89:10:1)にかけて、溶媒を除去した。残留したAcOH及びDMFを、生成物をDCM中に懸濁させて、ブラインで洗浄して、有機層をNa2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過してから溶媒を除去することによって、除去して、帯黄白色の泡として9(7.43g、81%)を得た。
Rf(DCM:MeOH,90:10):0.39;1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ 8.62(br.s.,1H),7.75(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.66−7.49(m,2H),7.39(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.30(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),6.54(br.s.,1H),6.47(br.s.,1H),6.21(br.s.,1H),6.04(br.s.,1H),5.74(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.91(br.s.,1H),4.53−4.00(m,5H),3.21−3.00(m,2H),2.97(s,1H),2.90(d,J=0.8Hz,1H),2.47−2.31(m,1H),1.95−1.27(m,6H)ppm;13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)163.2,156.7,143.6,141.2,138.9,134.5,130.9,128.9,127.6,127.0,125.1,119.9,115.6,67.0,66.5,53.5,47.1,41.6,40.4,36.8,31.8,29.2,25.7,22.2,21.4,17.1 δ ppm.
9(5.50g、10.6mmol、1当量)をDMF(150mL)に加えてから、ピペリジン(16.8mL)を加えた。反応物を、出発材料の消費まで撹拌し(TLC、90分)、その後、溶媒を除去した。Et2O(100mL)を残留物に加えて、懸濁液を5分間超音波処理した。懸濁液を濾過して、H2O(2×100mL)及びEt2O(100mL)でリンスした。固体を、MeOH(10mL)中に懸濁して、穏やかに加温(約40℃)しながら10分間撹拌して、Et2O(40mL)を加えて、懸濁液を濾過して、Et2Oでリンスした(2×50mL)。化合物を減圧下で乾燥させて、白色の粉末として10(2.24g、71%)を得た。
Rf(DCM:MeOH,85:15):0.29;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO−d6+一滴のTFA)δ 8.20(br.s.,3H),7.16(t,J=5.5Hz,1H),6.48(td,J=1.8,5.1Hz,1H),6.40(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),6.32(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),6.12(td,J=1.9,4.9Hz,1H),4.24(dd,J=6.7,11.7Hz,1H),3.99(dd,J=7.6,11.5Hz,1H),3.88(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),2.94(d,J=5.9Hz,2H),2.37(quin,J=7.5Hz,1H),1.83−1.63(m,4H),1.44−1.19(m,4H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO−d6+一滴のTFA):
171.2,156.2,139.3,135.2,130.4,128.3,65.3,51.9,42.0,29.7,28.9,25.7,21.6,16.4;MS(EI)精密質量C15H22N2O4[M]+:294.1580,実測値:294.1571.
DCM(1.5mL)を、1(0.37g、3.0mmol、1当量)を含有するバイアルに加えた。Et3N(0.42mL、3.0mmol、1当量)、DMAP(37mg、0.30mmol、0.1当量)、及び無水コハク酸(0.33g、3.3mmol、1.1当量)を加えて、反応物を空気雰囲気下でキャッピングして、出発材料の消費まで室温にて撹拌した(TLC、1.75時間)。反応混合物を、DCM(50mL)と共に分液漏斗中に注いで、水性HCl(1M、50mL)で洗浄した。水層を、DCM(50mL)で抽出して、有機層を組み合わせて、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、溶媒を除去して、次の反応に十分な純度の11が得られた。
Rf(EtOAc):0.56;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 10.60(br.s.,1H),6.57(td,J=1.9,5.3Hz,1H),6.50(td,J=1.8,5.1Hz,1H),6.21(td,J=1.7,5.2Hz,1H),6.07(td,J=1.8,5.1Hz,1H),4.37(dd,J=7.4,11.7Hz,1H),4.20(dd,J=7.0,11.7Hz,1H),2.74−2.57(m,4H),2.42(quin,J=7.8Hz,1H),1.85(dd,J=4.5,8.4Hz,1H),1.69(dd,J=4.3,7.0Hz,1H)ppm.
THF(10mL)を、11(理論値(theo)3.0mmol、1当量)を含有するバイアルに加えた。NHS(0.48g、4.2mmol、1.4当量)、EDC・HCl(0.69g、3.6mmol、1.2当量)、及びDCM(5mL)を加えて、反応物を空気雰囲気下でキャッピングして、室温にて一晩撹拌した。溶媒を除去して、残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、1:1)にかけて、無色の粘性油として12(0.59g、2工程越しで62%)を得た。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,1:1):0.34;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 6.56(td,J=1.8,5.1Hz,1H),6.48(td,J=1.8,5.1Hz,1H),6.21(td,J=1.6,3.4Hz,1H),6.06(td,J=1.6,3.4Hz,1H),4.36(dd,J=7.4,11.7Hz,1H),4.21(dd,J=7.4,11.7Hz,1H),2.93(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.83(s,4H),2.73(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.42(五重項,J=7.6Hz,1H),1.83(dd,J=4.3,8.6Hz,1H),1.68(dd,J=4.5,6.8Hz,1H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ 170.8,168.9,167.6,138.8,134.3,131.2,129.0,66.6,41.5,28.6,26.2,25.5,25.1,17.3 ppm.
生体コンジュゲーションについてのスピロシクロペンタジエン−マレイミド反応の実現可能性を評価した。スピロシクロペンタジエン基を、実施例3に記載する同じ一般的な戦略により、アミン反応性ヘテロ二機能性リンカーを介して導入した。
マレイミド−MMAEとのCP2修飾mAbの反応:mAb−CP2−リンカー(3.29CP2ジエン/mAb、1mg、6.7nmol mAb、1当量)を、3.16mg/mLの最終濃度に、PBS(pH7.4)で希釈した。次に、DMSOを加えて、20%v/v溶液を得てから、1M第1リン酸ナトリウムを加えて、10%v/v溶液を得た。全ての溶液構成要素の付加により、2.43mg/mL mAb、53.3μM CP2、1.78M DMSO、110mMリン酸ナトリウム、100mM NaCl、pH5.5を含む混合物を得た。AM−MMAE又はPM−MMAE(10μLのDMAc中10mMストック液、100nmol、15当量)を抗体溶液に加えた。反応混合物を簡単にボルテックスして、混合しながら22℃又は37℃にて進めた。4時間の反応後、N−アセチルシステイン(8μLの100mM溶液、120当量)を加えて、未反応マレイミド基をクエンチした。サンプルを、PD Spintrap G−25装置(GE Healthcare Life Sciences)を用いて精製して、混合物から小分子構成要素を取り出した。次に、以下に記載する還元脱グリコシル化質量分析によって、サンプルを分析した。
質量分析:実施例1に記載するように、サンプルを分析した。
22℃でのマレイミドMMAEとのCP2ジエンの反応カイネティクスを評価した。
b=1つのCP2ジエン基を有する重鎖のピーク強度の合計
c=2つのCP2ジエン基を有する重鎖のピーク強度の合計
d=3つのCP2ジエン基を有する重鎖のピーク強度
e=未修飾軽鎖のピーク強度
f=1つのCP2ジエン基を有する軽鎖のピーク強度の合計
g=2つのCP2ジエン基を有する軽鎖のピーク強度の合計
[CP2]0=時間=0でのCP2ジエン濃度
CP2−NNAAを、抗EphA2(1C1)抗体の位置K274又はS239に組み込んで、発現されたmAbの質、及び抗体組込み後のCP2−NNAAジエンの反応性を評価した。
抗EphA2(1C1)抗体の位置K274又はS239でのmAb中への組込み後のCP2−NNAAの反応性を、AM−MMAEとのコンジュゲーションによって評価した。生じたADCを評価して、薬物:抗体比(DAR)、血清安定性、及びインビトロ細胞毒性を判定した。
材料及び方法:特に明記しない限り、反応を、試薬グレードの溶媒を用いて、N2雰囲気下で行った。DCM及びトルエンを、3Åモレキュラーシーブ上で貯蔵した。THFを、活性アルミナのカラムに通させた。商業的に得た全ての試薬を、受領したままの状態で用いた。薄層クロマトグラフィ(TLC)を、E.Merckシリカゲル60 F254プレコーテッドプレート(0.25mm)で行って、UV光(254nm)への曝露によって視覚化し、又はp−アニスアルデヒド、ニンヒドリン、若しくは過マンガン酸カリウムで染色した。順相シリカゲル(60Å、0.040〜0.063mm、Geduran)を用いて、フラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィを実行した。1H NMRスペクトルを、Varianスペクトロメータで記録して(400、500、又は600MHz)、重水素化溶媒シグナルに関して報告する。1H NMRスペクトルについてのデータを、以下の通り報告する:化学シフト(δppm)、多重度、カップリング定数(Hz)、及び積分。13C NMRスペクトルを、Varianスペクトロメータで記録した(100、125、又は150MHz)。13C NMRスペクトルについてのデータを、化学シフト(δppm)に関して報告する。質量スペクトルを、UC Santa Barbara Mass Spectrometry Facilityから、電界脱離(FD)源を有する(Waters Corp.)GCT Premier高解像度飛行時間型質量スペクトロメータで得た。
DCM(8mL)を、(1,2,3,4,5−ペンタメチルシクロペンタ−2,4−ジエニル)メタノール1(0.33g、2.0mmol、1当量)を含有するバイアルに加えた。Et3N(0.64mL、4.6mmol、2.3当量)、DMAP(46mg、0.38mmol、0.2当量)、及び無水コハク酸(0.46g、4.6mmol、2.3当量)を加えて、反応物を、空気雰囲気下でキャッピングして、室温にて一晩撹拌した。反応物をH2O(1mL)でクエンチしてから、分液漏斗中に注いだ。HCl(1M、50mL)を加えて、DCMで抽出した(2×50mL)。有機層を組み合わせて、ブライン(50mL)で洗浄して、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、溶媒を除去して、4−オキソ−4−((1,2,3,4,5−ペンタメチルシクロペンタ−2,4−ジエニル)メトキシ)ブタン酸を得、これを次の反応に直接用いた。
Rf(EtOAc):0.24;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 3.98(s,2H),2.64−2.59(m,2H),2.59−2.54(m,2H),1.76(s,6H),1.74(s,6H),0.95(s,3H)ppm.
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,7:3):0.27;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 4.00(s,2H),2.89(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),2.85(br.s.,4H),2.67(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),1.77(s,6H),1.74(s,6H),0.95(s,3H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ 170.7,168.9,167.6,138.4,135.0,68.2,55.3,28.6,26.2,25.5,16.8,11.0,10.1 ppm;IR(ATR)2973,2935,1815,1782,1729,1208,1089,1069,967 cm−1;HRMS(EI)精密質量C19H25NO6[M]+:363.1682,実測値:363.1676.
3,3−ジエトキシプロパ−1−イン(0.72mL、5.0mmol、1当量)をTHF(15mL)に加えてから、−78℃に冷却した。nBuLi(ヘキサン中2.33M、2.4mL、5.5mmol、1.1当量)を滴加してから、反応混合物を−78℃にてさらに30分撹拌した。THF(5mL)中に溶解したメチル6−オキソヘキサノアート(0.87g、6.0mmol、1.2当量)を滴加してから、反応混合物を−78℃にて1時間撹拌した。反応混合物を、重炭酸ナトリウム飽和水溶液(100mL)を含有する分液漏斗中に注いでから、Et2O(2×50mL)で抽出した。組み合わせた有機層をブライン(50mL)で洗浄して、MgSO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、溶媒を除去して、残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、2:1)にかけて、澄明で無色の油として14(1.1g、80%)を得た。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,6:4):0.41;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 5.28(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),4.47−4.36(m,J=3.5Hz,1H),3.76−3.67(m,2H),3.67−3.63(m,3H),3.56(qd,J=7.0,9.4Hz,2H),2.34−2.27(m,3H),1.76−1.59(m,4H),1.54−1.42(m,2H),1.21(t,J=7.0Hz,6H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ 174.0,91.2,86.2,80.0,61.8,60.8,60.8,51.5,36.9,33.8,24.6,24.4,15.0 ppm;IR(ATR)3451,2932,1736,1437,1328,1135,1051,1012 cm−1;HRMS(EI)精密質量C14H23O5[M−H]+:271.1545,実測値:271.1546.
MeOH(3.9mL)を、14(1.06g、3.89mmol、1当量)を含有するバイアルに加えた。PPh3AuNTf2(29mg、0.039mmol、0.01当量)を加えて、反応物を空気雰囲気下でキャッピングして、室温にて一晩撹拌した。反応混合物を、ブライン(50mL)を含有する分液漏斗中に注いでから、DCM(2×50mL)で抽出した。組み合わせた有機層を、ブライン(50mL)で洗浄して、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、溶媒を除去して、残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、15:1→9:1)にかけて、澄明で無色の油として15(0.35g、43%)を得た。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,9:1):0.35;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 7.11(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.27(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),3.72(s,3H),3.66(s,3H),2.61(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.33(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.69−1.60(m,4H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ 174.1,143.3,139.2,138.9,102.9,59.4,51.4,33.7,27.5,24.5,24.3 ppm;IR(ATR)2950,1734,1662,1600,1230,1179,1111 cm−1;HRMS(EI)精密質量C11H16O4[M]+:212.1049,実測値:212.1045.
MeOH(4mL)中に溶解した15(0.331g、1.56mmol、1当量)を含有するバイアルに、NaOH(0.125g、3.12mmol、2当量)のH2O溶液(4mL)を加えた。反応物を空気雰囲気下でキャッピングして、室温にて30分撹拌した。反応混合物を、H2O(50mL)を含有する分液漏斗中に注いで、HCl(H2O中1M)をpH2〜3になるまで加えた(約4mL)。水層をDCMで抽出した(2×50mL)。組み合わせた有機層を、ブライン(50mL)で洗浄して、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、溶媒を除去して、澄明で無色の油として16(0.280g、90%)を得た。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,1:1):0.55;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 10.37(br.s.,1H),7.12(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.28(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),3.73(s,3H),2.62(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),2.38(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.73−1.61(m,4H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ 179.8,143.4,139.1,139.0,102.9,59.4,33.7,27.4,24.4,24.0 ppm;IR(ATR)3133,2940,1706,1662,1454,1411,1279,1236,1109 cm−1;HRMS(EI)精密質量C10H14O4[M]+:198.0892,実測値:198.0890.
THF(5mL)を、16(0.265g、1.34mmol、1当量)を含有するバイアルに加えた。NHS(0.216g、1.87mmol、1.4当量)、EDC・HCl(0.308g、1.61mmol、1.2当量)、及びDCM(3mL)を加えて、反応物を空気雰囲気下でキャッピングして、室温にて一晩撹拌した。溶媒を除去して、残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、2:1→1:1)にかけて、無色の粘性油として17(0.293g、74%)を得た。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,2:1):0.33;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 7.11(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.27(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),3.72(s,3H),2.82(br.s.,4H),2.69−2.54(m,4H),1.81−1.60(m,4H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ 169.1,168.5,143.5,139.1,138.7,102.8,59.3,30.5,27.0,25.5,24.2,23.8 ppm;IR(ATR)2948,1814,1735,1638,1413,1206,1058,1046 cm−1;HRMS(EI)精密質量C14H17NO6[M]+:295.1056,実測値:295.1062.
エチル3−ブロモプロピオナート(1.65mL、12.9mmol、1当量)を、THF(30mL)に加えて、−78℃に冷却した。シクロペンタジエニドナトリウム(2M THF溶液、6.45mL、12.9mmol、1当量)を5分にわたって滴加して、反応物を−78℃にて3.5時間撹拌した。反応物をDCM(20mL)中に注いで、シリカゲルを加えた(6g)。反応混合物を、DCM(100mL)によりシリカゲルで濾過して、溶媒を除去して、黄色の油としてエチル3−(シクロペンタジエニル)プロパノアート異性体を得た。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,9:1):0.45;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 6.47−6.02(m,3H),4.17−4.11(m,2H),2.96(s,0.31H),2.91(d,J=1.4Hz,1.69H),2.78−2.68(m,J=1.7Hz,2H),2.59−2.53(m,2H),1.26(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,1:2):0.69;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 10.57(br.s.,1H),6.49−6.02(m,3H),2.97(d,J=1.6Hz,1.07H),2.92(d,J=1.2Hz,0.93H),2.82−2.68(m,2H),2.68−2.58(m,2H)ppm;13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ 179.7,179.7,147.1,144.9,134.2,134.1,132.3,131.1,127.0,126.4,43.3,41.3,33.9,33.3,25.5,24.7 ppm;IR(ATR)3070,2926,1705,1412,1283,1205,913 cm−1;HRMS(EI)精密質量C8H10NO2[M]+:138.0681,実測値:138.0678.
THF(10mL)を、18(0.460g、3.33mmol、1当量)を含有するバイアルに加えた。NHS(0.537g、4.66mmol、1.4当量)、EDC・HCl(0.766g、4.00mmol、1.2当量)、及びDCM(6mL)を加えて、反応物を空気雰囲気下でキャッピングして、室温にて一晩撹拌した。溶媒を除去して、残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン:EtOAc、2:1→1:1)にかけて、帯黄白色の粉末として19(0.438g、56%)を得た。
Rf(ヘキサン:EtOAc,2:1):0.29;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 6.47−6.08(m,3H),2.97(d,J=1.2Hz,1.2H),2.92(d,J=1.6Hz,0.8H),2.90−2.75(m,8H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ 169.1,168.2,168.1,145.7,143.9,134.4,133.8,132.2,131.4,127.7,127.1,43.2,41.4,30.8,30.2,25.5,25.3,24.5;IR(ATR)2947,1810,1779,1735,1420,1366,1204,1062,1046 cm−1;HRMS(EI)精密質量C12H13NO4[M]+:235.0845,実測値:235.0848.
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リンカー修飾抗体へのAM−MMAEのディールス−アルダーコンジュゲーションによって生じたADCの安定性及び効力を評価した。ディールス−アルダーコンジュゲートを、システインコンジュゲートと比較した。
ADCの調製:抗体薬物−コンジュゲートを、リンカーを介したディールス−アルダーコンジュゲーション及び抗体システインチオールへの直接的コンジュゲーションの双方を用いたハーセプチン(オンターゲット)mAb又はIgG−1アイソタイプ対照−1(オフターゲット)mAbから調製した。以下にmAb−CP1b−リンカーについて記載する同じ一般的な手順を用いて、ディールス−アルダーADCを、CP1b−NHS(化合物19)及びF2−NHS(化合物17)リンカー修飾抗体から調製した:mAb−CP1b−リンカー(10mg、67nmol、1当量)を、PBS、pH7.4で4.27mg/mLに希釈してから、DMSO(493μL)及び1M第1リン酸ナトリウム(247μL)を加えて、それぞれ約20%及び10%v/vの溶液を得た。AM−MMAE(53.3μLのDMSO中10mMストック、530nmol、8当量)を、抗体溶液に加えて、反応を、室温にて4時間、混合しながら続けた。N−アセチルシステイン(43μLの100mM水溶液、4.3μmol、64当量)を加えて、未反応マレイミドをクエンチした。CHTクロマトグラフィを用いて、ADCを反応混合物から精製した。ADC溶液を、蒸留水で3倍に希釈して、Bio−Scale Mini Cartridge CHT Type II 40μm media column上にロードした。ADCを、バッファA(10mMホスファート、pH7.0)からバッファB(2M NaClを含有する10mMホスファートpH7.0)の勾配で、5mL/分の流量にて25分にわたって溶出した。CHTクロマトグラフィの後、ADCサンプルを、4℃にてslide−a−lyzerカセットを用いて、PBSにバッファ交換した。AM−MMAEコンジュゲーション反応を室温にて24時間続けたことを除いて、mAb−F2−リンカー構築体で調製したADCについて、同じ手順に従った。なお、AM−MMAEとの反応に先立つ各mAbについてのジエン含有量を、表14.1に示す。コンジュゲーション反応に用いたmAbに対して8当量のAM−MMAEは、ジエンに対しておおよそ2モル当量のAM−MMAEに相当する。
a=腫瘍長軸mm
b=腫瘍短軸mm。
有機条件における小分子ジエン−マレイミド反応のカイネティクスを、水性条件における抗体ベースの反応との比較のために決定した。リンカー−修飾mAb上のジエンとマレイミド間の反応速度定数を;mAb−CP1b−リンカー、mAb−CP2−リンカー、mAb−CP3−リンカー、及びmAb−F2−リンカーについて判定した。
[A]=0.01M×(出発材料の積分)/(出発材料+生成物の積分)
マレイミド−MMAEとのリンカー−修飾mAbの反応:リンカー−修飾mAb内に含有されるジエンを、実施例10に記載するように、水性バッファ中1モル当量のAM−MMAE(ジエン:マレイミド)と反応させた。
AZ1508薬物−リンカーを有する抗体の位置K274に組み込んだCP1−NNAAでADCを調製する実現可能性を評価した。
1C1 K274CP1−NNAA ADCの特性評価:実施例6及び12に記載する還元質量分析及びSECによって、サンプルを分析した。PC3細胞におけるインビトロ活性を、実施例12に記載するように実行した。
発現プラスミド内のアンバー終止コドンへの天然アミノ酸コドンの突然変異によって、CP2−NNAAを位置S239、K274、及びN297にて組み込んだ1C1抗体で、AZ1508薬物−リンカーを有するADCを調製した。CP2−NNAAを、別々の抗体上の各位置に組み込んだ。
AZ1508との1C1システイン操作mAbのコンジュゲーション。AM−MMAEをAZ1508で置換したことが唯一の差異である、実施例12に記載する同じ方法を用いて、部位特異的システイン結合AZ1508 ADCを調製した。なお、AZ1508の付加に先立って、システイン−mAbを還元して、透析して、酸化しなければならない。
ディールス−アルダーコンジュゲーションによって調製したAZ1508 ADCの血清安定性を評価した。ADCの安定性を、抗体とペイロード(すなわちディールス−アルダー付加物)間の化学結合に対して評価した。類似システイン結合(チオスクシンイミド)ADCの安定性も又、比較のために示す。
ジエンNNAAの反応性を、1C1抗体フレームワーク内の位置S239、K274、又はN297への組込み後に評価した。
1C1 CP2−NNAA及びAZ1508薬物−リンカーで調製したADCを、マウスにおけるPC3異種移植の腫瘍増殖を阻害する能力について評価した。
1C1 K274CP1−NNAA抗体を、60nmマレイミド官能化金ナノ粒子と反応させた。
図20.1. 1C1野生型(WT)又は1C1 K274CP1−NNAA抗体(CP1−NNAA mAb)との25℃にて2時間のインキュベーションの前後の、60nmマレイミド官能化金ナノ粒子の動的光散乱分析(DLS)。
Claims (62)
- 第1の不飽和官能基を含有する生体分子を、第2の不飽和官能基を含むペイロードとコンジュゲートさせる工程を含む生体コンジュゲーション方法であって、前記第1の不飽和官能基及び前記第2の不飽和官能基は、コンジュゲーションが、シクロヘキセン環を形成するディールス−アルダー反応を介した前記官能基同士の反応であるように、互いと相補的である、生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記第1の官能基はジエンである、請求項1に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記第2の官能基は、ジエノフィルであり、例えば、マレイミド、マレイン酸のエステル、フマル酸のエステル、アクリル酸のエステル、メタクリル酸、アクリロニトリル、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、メチルビニルケトン、2−ブチン二酸のアミド及びエステル、キノン、アセチレンである、請求項2に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記第2の官能基はジエンである、請求項1に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記第1の官能基は、マレイン酸のエステル、マレイミド、フマル酸のエステル、アクリル酸のエステル、メタクリル酸、アクリロニトリル、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、メチルビニルケトン、2−ブチン二酸のアミド及びエステル、キノン、アセチレンから選択されるジエノフィルである、請求項4に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記ジエノフィルは、非天然のアミノ酸、例えばノルボルネンを含む非天然のアミノ酸内に含有される、請求項3又は5に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記ジエンは、直鎖状ジエン、炭素環ジエン、又は複素環ジエンである、請求項2〜6のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記ジエンは、ブタジエン、シクロペンタジエン、1,3−シクロヘキサジエン、フラン、又はアントラセンを含む、請求項7に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記ジエンは、非天然のアミノ酸内に含有される、請求項2〜8のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記ジエンは、リシン、システイン、セレノシステイン、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸、セリン、トレオニン、及びチロシンに由来する非天然のアミノ酸である、請求項9に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記ジエンは、アミノ酸の側鎖内にある、請求項8又は9に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記非天然のアミノは、式(I)を有し:
RX−X1−O0〜1C(O)−アミノ残基 (I)
式中:
RXは:
iv)C4〜9直鎖状共役ジエンと、
v)共役ジエンを含むC5〜14カルボシクリルと、
vi)O、N、及びSから選択される1、2、又は3つのヘテロ原子、並びに共役ジエンを含む5〜14員のヘテロシクリルと
から選択される不飽和基を表し、
i)、ii)、及びiii)は、最大5つの置換基(例えば、1、2、又は3つの置換基)を有してよく、例えば前記置換基は、C1〜3アルキル、オキソ、ハロゲン、スルホ、スルフヒドリル、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択され;
X1は
i)飽和若しくは不飽和の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、若しくは−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており;又は
ii)カルボシクリル若しくはヘテロシクリル由来の炭素と一緒に、飽和若しくは不飽和(特に、飽和)の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜6アルキレン鎖に連結されたシクロプロパン環を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、若しくは−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており、
O0〜1C(O)は、アミノ酸の側鎖を介して連結されている、請求項8〜10のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。 - 前記置換基は、オキソ、ハロゲン、スルホ、スルフヒドリル、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択される、請求項12に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記非天然のアミノ酸は、式(II)の構造の残基であり:
X2は、−C−、−C(R’)−、−CH2、又はOを表し;
Raは、
i)飽和若しくは不飽和の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており;又は
ii)式(II)において定義される5員環由来の炭素と一緒に、飽和若しくは不飽和の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜6アルキレン鎖に連結されたシクロプロパン環を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノから独立して選択される1つ以上(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つ)の基によって置換されており;
Rbは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Rcは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Rdは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Reは、H、飽和又は不飽和の、分枝状又は枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、1つ以上の炭素は、場合によっては、−O−によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、1つ以上のハロゲン原子(例えばヨード)、N3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルによって置換されている、請求項12又は13に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。 - Raは、−CH(CH2)CH2COC(O)−、−OCH2CH2COC(O)−、−(CH2)mCH2OC(O)−、−CH(CH2)C(O)−、−(CH2)mCH2C(O)−、−CH(CH3)C(O)−、C1〜6アルキレン(例えば−CH2CH2−)であり、mは、0又は1を表す、請求項14に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- Rbは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、−CH3、−CH(CH3)2、CH2OH、−CH2N3、又は−CCHである、請求項14又は15に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- Rcは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、−CH3、−CH(CH3)2、CH2OH、−CH2N3、又は−CCHである、請求項14〜16のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- Rdは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、−CH3、−CH(CH3)2、CH2OH、−CH2N3、又は−CCHである、請求項14〜17のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- Reは、H又は−CH2OCH2CH2N3を表す、請求項14〜18のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記非天然のアミノ酸は、式(IIa)の構造の残基であり:
- 前記非天然のアミノ酸は、式(IIb)の構造を有し:
- 前記非天然のアミノ酸は、式(IIc)の構造を有し:
- 前記非天然のアミノ酸は:
- 前記ジエノフィルは、非天然のアミノ酸の側鎖である、請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記方法は、前記生体分子内のアミノ酸残基にリンカーを介してジエン又はジエノフィル(特にジエン)をコンジュゲートさせるプレ工程を含む、請求項1〜24のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記アミノ酸は、システイン又はリシンである、請求項25に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記生体分子内の前記アミノ酸残基への付加前の前記ジエンは、式(III)の構造:
RX−Bn−X3 m−Yp−Z (III)
又はその、O若しくはN結合糖を有する誘導体を有し、
nは、0又は1を表し;
mは、0又は1を表し;
pは、0又は1を表し;
RXは:
i)C4〜9直鎖状共役ジエンと、
ii)共役ジエンを含むC5〜14カルボシクリルと、
iii)O、N、及びSから選択される1、2、又は3つのヘテロ原子、並びに共役ジエンを含む5〜14員のヘテロシクリルと
から選択される不飽和基を表し、
i)、ii)、及びiii)は、最大5つの置換基(例えば、1、2、又は3つの置換基)を有してよく、例えば前記置換基は、C1〜3アルキル、オキソ、ハロゲン、スルホ、スルフヒドリル、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択され;
Bは、C1〜6アルキレン、−C3〜4シクロアルキルC1〜6アルキレン−を表し;場合によっては、糖残基(例えば、グルコース、グルコサミン、ガラクトース、ガラクトサミン、ラクトース、マンノース、及びフルクトース)が、C1〜6アルキレン、−C3〜4シクロアルキルC1〜6アルキレン−の任意の1つのアルキレン鎖内に含有され、Bについて定義された前記可変部分の任意の1つの前記アルキレン鎖は、場合によっては、N−及びO−結合糖残基(例えば、グルコース、グルコサミン、ガラクトース、ガラクトサミン、ラクトース、マンノース、及びフルクトース)から独立して選択される1つ又は2つの置換基を有し:
X3は、−(R1)NC(O)−、−C(O)N(R1)−、−OC(O)−、−OC(O)N−を表し;
R1は、H又は−CH2OCH2CH2R2を表し;
R2は、−N3、C2〜5アルキニル、又はハロゲン、例えばヨードを表し;
Yは、−(OCH2)qC2〜6アルキレン、又は場合によっては−NR3R4で置換されている−C2〜6アルキレンを表し、
qは、1〜7000であり;
R3及びR4は、独立して、H又はC1〜3アルキルを表し;
Zは、−C(O)OR5、R5’、−NC(O)R6、−C2〜5アルキレン、CH2−O−NH2、アルキン、アジド、3−アリールプロピオロニトリル、又はハロゲン、例えばヨードを表し;
R5は、C1〜6アルキル、スクシンイミド、C6F4H(テトラフルオロヘキシル)、又はHを表し:
R5’は、硫黄架橋基、例えば、ジブロモマレイミド、ジクロロアセトン、又はそれらの任意の1つの誘導体を表し、
R6は:
式中、
R7は、場合によっては、ヒドロキシル、スルホ、アミノ、及び−(OCH2)vC2〜6アルキレンから選択される1つ以上(例えば、1、2、又は3つ)の基を有するC1〜6アルキレン、並びに、場合によっては、ヒドロキシル、スルホ、アミノ、及び−(OCH2)vC2〜6アルキレンから選択される1つ以上(例えば、1、2、又は3つ)の基を有するフェニルであり、
vは、整数1、2、3、4、又は5であり、
- 前記ジエンは:
- 前記反応は、10〜40℃の範囲の温度、例えば周囲温度にて実行される、請求項1〜28のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記反応は、水性溶媒、例えば水性有機溶媒系、バッファ、例えば、場合によっては、極性非プロトン性溶媒、例えばDMSO、若しくは界面活性剤、例えばポリソルベート80を含むPBS、又はそれらの組合せ中で実行される、請求項1〜29のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記生体分子はポリペプチドである、請求項1〜30のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記ポリペプチドは、リガンド、受容体、抗体分子を含む群から選択される、請求項31に記載の生体コンジュゲーション反応。
- 前記生体分子は治療分子である、請求項1〜32のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション方法。
- 前記生体分子は、1つ以上のリジン残基を、元の、又は天然の配列から除去するように操作されている、請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション反応。
- 前記ペイロードは:
a.例えば、チューブリシン又はピロロベンゾジアゼピン(PBD)MMAE(モノメチルオーリスタチンE)、MMAF(モノメチルオーリスタチンF)、ドキソルビシン、チューブリシン、及びデュオカルマイシンを含む群から選択される、オーリスタチン;
b.マイタンシノイド、例えば、N 2’−デアセチル−N 2’−(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)−マイタンシン(DM1)、N 2’−デアセチル−N2’−(4−メルカプト−1−オキソペンチル)−マイタンシン(DM3)、及びN 2’−デアセチル−N 2’(4−メチル−4−メルカプト−1−オキソペンチル)−マイタンシン(DM4)、
c.毒物、
d.ポリマー、例えば天然のポリマー、例えば、デンプン、ポリ(グルタミン酸)、ポリ(アスパラギン酸)、ポリ(リシン)、若しくはアルブミン、又は合成ポリマー、例えばPEG
から選択される、請求項1〜34のいずれか一項に記載の生体コンジュゲーション反応。 - 請求項1〜35のいずれか一項に記載の方法から得られた、又は入手可能な、ペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子。
- ペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子であって、前記生体分子を前記ペイロードに連結するコンジュゲーション反応は、ジエンとジエノフィル間のディールス−アルダー反応を介して、シクロヘキセン環を形成する、ペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子。
- 前記シクロヘキセン環は、例えば最大20個の原子を含む、縮合環系の一部である、請求項37に記載のペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子。
- 式(IVa)の、請求項38に記載のペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子であって:
RYは、前記ペイロードを表し;
RZは、前記生体分子を表す、
ペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子。 - 式(IVb)の、請求項38に記載のペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子であって:
RYは、前記ペイロードを表し;
RZは、前記生体分子を表し;
X4は、−O−又は−CH2−を表す、
ペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子。 - 前記生体分子は、抗体、又はその結合フラグメントである、請求項36〜40のいずれか一項に記載のペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子。
- 前記ペイロードは:
a.例えば、チューブリシン又はピロロベンゾジアゼピン(PBD)MMAE(モノメチルオーリスタチンE)、MMAF(モノメチルオーリスタチンF)、ドキソルビシン、及びデュオカルマイシンを含む群から選択される、オーリスタチン;
b.マイタンシノイド、例えばN 2’−デアセチル−N 2’−(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)−マイタンシン(DM1)、N 2’−デアセチル−N2’−(4−メルカプト−1−オキソペンチル)−マイタンシン(DM3)、及びN 2’−デアセチル−N 2’(4−メチル−4−メルカプト−1−オキソペンチル)−マイタンシン(DM4)、
c.毒物、
d.ポリマー、例えば天然ポリマー、例えば、デンプン、ポリ(グルタミン酸)、若しくはアルブミン、又は合成ポリマー、例えばPEG
から選択される、請求項36〜41のいずれか一項に記載のペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子。 - 請求項36〜42のいずれか一項に規定のペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子、並びに希釈剤、キャリア、及び/又は賦形剤を含む医薬組成物。
- 前記組成物は、非経口製剤である、請求項43に記載の医薬組成物。
- 治療的に有効な量の、請求項36〜42のいずれか一項に規定のペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子、又は請求項43若しくは44に規定の医薬組成物を投与することを含む、患者を処置する方法。
- 処置に用いるための、請求項36〜42のいずれか一項に規定のペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子、及び希釈剤、又は請求項43若しくは44に規定の医薬組成物。
- 医薬の製造のための、請求項36〜42のいずれか一項に規定のペイロードにコンジュゲートした生体分子、及び希釈剤、又は請求項43若しくは44に規定の医薬組成物の使用。
- ジエン又はジエノフィルを含む非天然のアミノ酸。
- 前記ジエン又は前記ジエノフィルは、側鎖内にある、非天然のアミノ酸。
- リシンアスパラギン、グルタミン、システイン、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸に由来する、請求項48又は49に記載の非天然のアミノ酸。
- 式(I)を有し:
RX−X1−O0〜1C(O)−アミノ残基 (I)
式中:
RXは:
iv)C4〜9直鎖状共役ジエンと、
v)共役ジエンを含むC5〜14カルボシクリルと、
vi)O、N、及びSから選択される1、2、又は3つのヘテロ原子、並びに共役ジエンを含む5〜14員のヘテロシクリルと
から選択される不飽和基を表し、
i)、ii)、及びiii)は、最大5つの置換基(例えば、1、2、又は3つの置換基)を有してよく、例えば置換基は、C1〜3アルキル、オキソ、ハロゲン、スルホ、スルフヒドリル、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択され;
X1は
iii)飽和若しくは不飽和の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、若しくは−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており;又は
iv)カルボシクリル若しくはヘテロシクリル由来の炭素と一緒に、飽和若しくは不飽和(特に、飽和)の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜6アルキレン鎖に連結されたシクロプロパン環を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノ、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、若しくは−C2〜5アルキニルから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており、
−O0〜1C(O)−は、アミノ酸の側鎖を介して連結されている、
請求項48〜50のいずれか一項に記載の非天然のアミノ酸。 - 前記非天然のアミノ酸は、式(II):
X2は、−C−、−CH2、又はOを表し;
Raは、
i)飽和若しくは不飽和の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)0〜3から選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、アミノから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており;又は
ii)5員環由来の炭素と一緒に、飽和若しくは不飽和の、分枝状若しくは枝状に分かれていないC1〜6アルキレン鎖に連結されたシクロプロパン環を表し、少なくとも1つの炭素(例えば、1、2、若しくは3つの炭素)は、O、N、S(O)pから選択されるヘテロ原子によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、オキソ、ハロゲン、スルホ、スルフヒドリル、アミノから独立して選択される1つ以上の基によって置換されており;
Rbは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Rcは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Rdは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、場合によってはヒドロキシル置換基を有するC1〜6アルキル、−C1〜3アルキレンN3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルを表し;
Reは、H、飽和又は不飽和の、分枝状又は枝状に分かれていないC1〜8アルキレン鎖を表し、1つ以上の炭素は、場合によっては、−O−によって置換されており、前記鎖は、場合によっては、1つ以上のハロゲン原子(例えばヨード)、N3、又は−C2〜5アルキニルによって置換されている、
請求項51に記載の非天然のアミノ酸。 - Raは、−(CH2)mC(O)−、−CH2(CH3)C(O)−、−(CH2)mCH2OC(O)−、−CHCHCH2OC(O)−、−OCH2CH2COC(O)−であり、mは、0又は1を表す、請求項52に記載の非天然のアミノ酸。
- Rbは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、−CH3、−CH(CH3)2、CH2OH、−CH2N3、又は−CCHである、請求項52又は53に記載の非天然のアミノ酸。
- Rcは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、−CH3、−CH(CH3)2、CH2OH、−CH2N3、又は−CCHである、請求項52又は53に記載の非天然のアミノ酸。
- Rdは、H、−OC1〜3アルキル、−CH3、−CH(CH3)2、CH2OH、−CH2N3、又は−CCHである、請求項52〜55のいずれか一項に記載の非天然のアミノ酸。
- Reは、H又は−CH2OCH2CH2N3を表す、請求項52〜56のいずれか一項に記載の非天然のアミノ酸。
- 前記非天然のアミノ酸は、式(IIa):
- 前記非天然のアミノ酸は、式(IIb):
- 前記非天然のアミノ酸は、式(IIc):
- 前記非天然のアミノ酸は:
- 請求項51〜61のいずれか一項に記載の非天然のアミノ酸を含むポリペプチド。
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AU2018273924A1 (en) | 2020-01-16 |
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EP3630732A4 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
CN110650947B (zh) | 2023-05-12 |
US11759526B2 (en) | 2023-09-19 |
TW201906637A (zh) | 2019-02-16 |
AU2018273924B2 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
US20230321267A1 (en) | 2023-10-12 |
CN110650947A (zh) | 2020-01-03 |
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BR112019023853A2 (pt) | 2020-06-02 |
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EP3630732B1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
ES2955886T3 (es) | 2023-12-07 |
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