JP2020516041A - 高電圧カソードを有する電気化学セル - Google Patents
高電圧カソードを有する電気化学セル Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020516041A JP2020516041A JP2019554663A JP2019554663A JP2020516041A JP 2020516041 A JP2020516041 A JP 2020516041A JP 2019554663 A JP2019554663 A JP 2019554663A JP 2019554663 A JP2019554663 A JP 2019554663A JP 2020516041 A JP2020516041 A JP 2020516041A
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- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- electrochemical cell
- electrolyte
- polymer
- plasticizer
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 aluminum ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910002367 SrTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000157 electrochemical-induced impedance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
本願は、米国仮特許出願第62,481,015号(2017年4月3日出願、名称「Electrochemical Cells with A High Voltage Cathode」)に対する米国特許法§119(e)に基づく優先権を主張し、上記出願は、その全体において参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
(技術分野)
上記の電気化学セルは、以下の追加の特徴のいずれかも有し得、それらは、明確に互いに排他的でない限り、任意および全ての可能な組み合わせにおいて、互いに組み合わせられ得る。
i−i)電解質移動性カチオンとカソードゲストカチオンとは、同一タイプのカチオンであり得る。
i−ii)電解質移動性カチオンとカソードゲストカチオンとは、異なるタイプのカチオンであり得る。
ii)ポリマー/可塑剤は、移動性カチオンを含み得る。
ii−a)ポリマー/可塑剤内の移動性カチオンは、電解質移動性カチオン、カソードゲストカチオン、または両方と同一タイプのカチオンであり得る。
ii−b)ポリマー/可塑剤内の移動性カチオンは、電解質移動性カチオン、カソードゲストカチオン、または両方と異なるタイプのカチオンであり得る。
ii−c)ポリマー/ポリマー可塑剤は、ポリマーまたは可塑剤を含み得、ポリマーまたは可塑剤と移動性カチオンとのモル比は、10:1〜50:1であり得る。
ii−d)移動性カチオンは、ポリマー/可塑剤内のLiClO4によって供給され得る。
iii)ポリマー/可塑剤は、50〜24,000の誘電定数を有する材料を含み得る。
iv)ポリマー/可塑剤は、−C≡N末端基を含み得る。
iv−a)ポリマー/可塑剤は、スクシノニトリルを含み得る。
v)ポリマー/可塑剤は、電気双極子を含み得る。
vi)電気化学セルは、カソード:カソード電流コレクタ界面においてカソードに接触するカソード電流コレクタを含み得る。
vi−a)電解質移動性カチオン、カソードゲストカチオン、または両方は、電気化学セルの充電/放電サイクル中、アノードまたはカソード電流コレクタの方向において、アノード:固体ガラス電解質界面とカソード:カソード電流コレクタ界面との間の距離の平均で1/10,000以下を移動し得る。
vii)アノード内の金属は、Li金属、ナトリウム(Na)金属、カリウム(K)金属、アルミニウム金属(Al)、マグネシウム(Mg)金属、またはそれらの合金を含み得る。
viii)電解質移動性カチオンは、リチウムイオン(Li+)、ナトリウムイオン(Na+)、カリウムイオン(K+)、アルミニウムイオン(Al3+)、またはマグネシウムイオン(Mg2+)を含み得る。
ix)カソード活性材料は、層状酸化物、スピネル、またはかんらん石を含み得る。
x)カソードゲストカチオンは、リチウムイオン(Li+)、ナトリウムイオン(Na+)、カリウムイオン(K+)、アルミニウムイオン(Al3+)、またはマグネシウムイオン(Mg2+)を含み得る。
xi)カソードは、元素炭素(C)を含み得る。
xii)固体ガラス電解質の電気双極子は、一般式A2XまたはAX−、または、MgXまたはAl2X3の材料を含み得、Aは、Li、Na、またはKであり、Xは、酸素(O)、硫黄(S)、またはそれらの組み合わせである。
xiii)固体ガラス電解質は、双極子添加剤を含み得る。
xiv)固体ガラス電解質は、102〜105の相対誘電率(εr)を有し得る。
xv)固体ガラス電解質は、10−2S/cm〜10−3S/cmの25℃でイオン伝導率(σi)を有し得る。
xvi)再充電可能電気化学セルは、2,500mAh/gのカソード活性材料〜5,000mAh/gのカソード活性材料の25℃における比容量を有し得る。
xvii)再充電可能電気化学セルは、1〜20,000充電/放電サイクルの間で持続的に増加する比容量を有し得る。
(実施例)
(実施例1:電気化学セル)
(実施例2:LEDを照明するための電気化学セルの使用)
1mAが、観察された。
(実施例3:ナイキストプロット)
(実施例4:種々の電解質を伴う電圧および容量)
Claims (33)
- 再充電可能電気化学セルであって、前記再充電可能電気化学セルは、
電解質側であって、前記電解質側は、
電解質移動性カチオンおよび電気双極子を備えている固体ガラス電解質と、
前記電解質移動性カチオンの金属を備え、アノード:固体ガラス電解質界面において前記固体ガラス電解質に接触するアノードと
を備えている、電解質側と、
カソードを備えているカソード側であって、前記カソードは、カソード活性材料を備え、
前記カソード活性材料の中に、カソードゲストカチオンが可逆的に抽出/挿入され、前記カソード活性材料は、リチウム(Li)金属に対して3V〜15Vの電圧を有する、カソード側と、
ポリマー/可塑剤と
を備え、
前記ポリマー/可塑剤は、固体ガラス電解質:ポリマー/可塑剤界面において前記固体ガラス電解質に接触し、ポリマー/可塑剤:カソード界面において前記カソードに接触し、それによって、前記電気化学セルの充電および放電中、前記カソードゲストカチオンは、前記カソード側に閉じ込められ、前記電解質移動性カチオンは、前記アノード側に閉じ込められる、再充電可能電気化学セル。 - 前記電解質移動性カチオンと前記カソードゲストカチオンとは、同一タイプのカチオンである、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記電解質移動性カチオンと前記カソードゲストカチオンとは、異なるタイプのカチオンである、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記ポリマー/可塑剤は、移動性カチオンを備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記ポリマー/可塑剤内の移動性カチオンは、前記電解質移動性カチオン、前記カソードゲストカチオン、または両方と同一タイプのカチオンである、請求項4に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記ポリマー/可塑剤内の移動性カチオンは、前記電解質移動性カチオン、前記カソードゲストカチオン、または両方と異なるタイプのカチオンである、請求項4に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記ポリマー/可塑剤は、50〜24,000の誘電定数を有する材料を備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記ポリマー/ポリマー可塑剤は、ポリマーまたは可塑剤を備え、ポリマーまたは可塑剤と移動性カチオンとのモル比は、10:1〜50:1である、請求項4に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記移動性カチオンは、前記ポリマー/可塑剤内のLiClO4によって供給される、請求項4に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記ポリマー/可塑剤は、−C≡N末端基を備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記ポリマー/可塑剤は、スクシノニトリルを備えている、請求項10に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記ポリマー/可塑剤は、電気双極子を備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- カソード:カソード電流コレクタ界面において前記カソードに接触するカソード電流コレクタをさらに備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記電解質移動性カチオン、前記カソードゲストカチオン、または両方は、前記電気化学セルの充電/放電サイクル中、前記アノード:固体ガラス電解質界面と前記カソード:カソード電流コレクタ界面との間の距離の平均で1/10,000以下を前記アノードまたは前記カソード電流コレクタの方向に移動する、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記アノード内の金属は、Li金属、ナトリウム(Na)金属、カリウム(K)金属、アルミニウム金属(Al)、マグネシウム(Mg)金属、またはそれらの合金を備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記電解質移動性カチオンは、リチウムイオン(Li+)、ナトリウムイオン(Na+)、カリウムイオン(K+)、アルミニウムイオン(Al3+)、またはマグネシウムイオン(Mg2+)を備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記カソード活性材料は、層状酸化物、スピネル、またはかんらん石を備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記カソードゲストカチオンは、リチウムイオン(Li+)、ナトリウムイオン(Na+)、カリウムイオン(K+)、アルミニウムイオン(Al3+)、またはマグネシウムイオン(Mg2+)を備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記カソードは、元素炭素(C)をさらに備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記固体ガラス電解質の前記電気双極子は、一般式A2XまたはAX−、または、MgXまたはAl2X3の材料を備え、Aは、Li、Na、またはKであり、Xは、酸素(O)、硫黄(S)またはそれらの組み合わせである、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記固体ガラス電解質は、双極子添加剤をさらに備えている、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記固体ガラス電解質は、102〜105の相対誘電率(εr)を有する、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記固体ガラス電解質は、25℃で10−2S/cm〜10−3S/cmのイオン伝導率(σi)を有する、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記再充電可能電気化学セルは、2,500mAh/gのカソード活性材料〜5,000mAh/gのカソード活性材料の25℃における比容量を有する、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 前記再充電可能電気化学セルは、1〜20,000充電/放電サイクルの間で持続的に増加する比容量を有する、請求項1に記載の再充電可能電気化学セル。
- 請求項1−25のうちのいずれか1項に記載の少なくとも1つの電気化学セルを備えているバッテリ。
- 請求項1−25のうちのいずれか1項に記載の少なくとも2つの電気化学セルを備えている、請求項26に記載のバッテリ。
- 完全電気またはハイブリッド乗り物に給電することにおける使用のための請求項26または請求項27に記載のバッテリ。
- ハンドヘルドツールまたは電子デバイスに給電することにおける使用のための請求項26または請求項27に記載のバッテリ。
- 船舶または潜水艦に給電することにおける使用のための請求項26または請求項27に記載のバッテリ。
- ドローン、飛行機、他の飛行玩具、または乗り物に給電することにおける使用のための請求項26または請求項27に記載のバッテリ。
- 自宅、企業、病院、および/または送電網のための固定貯蔵装置に電力を貯蔵することにおける使用のための請求項26または請求項27に記載のバッテリ。
- 太陽放射、風、波、水力、および/または核エネルギーによって発生させられた電力を貯蔵することにおける使用のための請求項26または請求項27に記載のバッテリ。
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US11817550B2 (en) | 2021-04-24 | 2023-11-14 | Ali Sadeghi | Method of synthesizing a solid-state electrolyte for use in a lithium-ion battery |
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US11177474B2 (en) | 2021-11-16 |
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US20180342733A1 (en) | 2018-11-29 |
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