JP2020068778A - Plant cultivation device and plant cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide novel plant cultivation device and plant cultivation method which are capable of changing a work height and a soil depth despite a simple configuration, easily maintained and low-cost as household use, also easily manage cultivation of plants, can lighten physical burden to knees or back of a worker, and are also capable of cultivating root vegetables.SOLUTION: A plant cultivation device 1 comprises an upper frame body 2 and a lower box body 3. In the upper frame body 2, a locking piece 24 is provided in an extended manner over the entire length of a frame plate 21 for a bottom part of a cultivation tank 23 surrounded by the frame plates 21,22, and a fitting step part 25 is formed on a lower surface part of the frame plates 21,22. In the lower box body 3, an internal space surrounded by a bottom plate and sidewalls 31,35 is partitioned into a liquid fertilizer tank 33 and a cultivation tank 34 by a partition wall 32 which is provided upright approximately in parallel with the sidewall 31, and a liquid fertilizer supply part 38 is provided for an upper surface part of the partition wall 32, a fitting part 39 capable of fitting with the fitting step part 25 is provided for an upper surface part of the lower box body 3, and the upper frame body 2 and the lower box body 3 are connectable in a mounted manner in a vertical direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation device and a plant cultivation method.

  In recent years, in Japan, food safety and security have been strongly sought, and even in ordinary households, home gardening is actively conducted by organic farming or pesticide-free farming. For example, you can rent a small area of farmland in the suburbs of the city, work on field work on weekends, and cultivate soil (soil) using planters on the veranda of an apartment house, not only in your home garden in your own garden. It is being appreciated.

  In soil cultivation in a garden or farmland, since there is no limitation on the depth of soil, not only leaf vegetables but also root vegetables having roots or rhizomes as edible parts can be cultivated. However, in soil cultivation in gardens or farmland, it is difficult to change the height of the ground surface significantly, so it is necessary for the worker to bend down to work at the level of the ground, which puts a strain on the knees and waist. There was a big problem. This has become a big problem when the seniors who engage in agriculture after retirement, which has been increasing in number in recent years, perform agricultural work. This is also a problem for full-time and part-time farmers who are engaged in agriculture as their aging is progressing.

  On the other hand, in soil cultivation using planters, since the installation height can be freely changed, the burden on the operator's knees and waist can be made relatively small, and leafy vegetables and vegetables and fruits that produce fruits on the above-ground parts can be obtained. Although it is possible to easily cultivate plants such as, but the soil depth is limited by the size of the planter, potatoes whose roots and tubers are edible parts and root vegetables such as radish and burdock , There was a problem that it is difficult to grow other plants with long roots.

  Therefore, there is a demand for the development of a plant cultivation device and a plant cultivation method that can solve these problems and can easily perform cultivation management. From such a background, conventionally, there has been proposed a plant cultivation device capable of easily changing the soil depth and working height by stacking and connecting a plurality of devices in the vertical direction.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of water retaining material accommodating recesses are formed on the upper surface, and a drain hole penetrating from the bottom surface of the water retaining material accommodating recess is formed on the lower surface, and the legs are positioned so as not to overlap with the drain holes. A plant cultivation device has been proposed which comprises a foamed plastic substrate having a plurality of protrusions and a water retaining material filled in the water retaining material accommodating recess, and cultivating soil is disposed on the substrate. In this plant cultivating apparatus, one or more frame members that can be separated from the base can be stacked on the peripheral edge of the upper surface of the base, and a net member is attached to the bottom of the frame member so as not to drop the cultivation soil. Therefore, it is said that plants of various sizes can be cultivated, only the frame member can be moved in a state where the cultivated soil is piled up, and movement of the plant cultivating device and landscaping work are easy.

JP, 2002-45043, A

  However, in the plant cultivating apparatus of Patent Document 1, even if the frame member is loaded on the base body to increase the soil depth, the net member attached to the bottom of the frame member serves as a physical barrier. It is possible to cultivate plants with thin roots that can pass through the eyes, and plants that can store rhizomes and roots within the depth of the frame member, but for root vegetables with long roots such as radish and burdock, still There was a problem that cultivation was difficult.

  Further, even if it is attached to the bottom portion of the frame member and the net portion is removed and used, the water retaining material accommodation portion is provided only on the base body located in the lowermost layer, and it is not always possible to obtain suitable moisture conditions in the entire rhizosphere. There was a problem that it was not easy to arrange.

  As described above, in the past, in both aspects of the plant cultivating apparatus and the plant cultivating method, simplification, simplification, reduction of the physical burden on the operator, etc. have not yet been practically satisfactory.

  Therefore, the present invention, while having a simple structure, can change the working height and soil depth, is easy and low-cost to maintain at home, and is easy to manage and cultivate plants. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new plant cultivation device and a plant cultivation method capable of reducing the physical burden on the knees and lower back of the plant and capable of cultivating root vegetables.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned subject, the plant cultivation device and plant cultivation method of the present invention are characterized by the following.

(1) The plant cultivation device of the present invention includes an upper frame body and a lower box body, and the upper frame body has a four-sided frame plate made of foamed resin, and an internal space surrounded by the frame plate. As a cultivating tank, in the vicinity of the bottom of the frame plate in the longitudinal direction, from one surface of the cultivating tank side, the locking piece is extended over the entire length of the frame plate and the frame plate of four sides. A fitting step is formed on the lower surface,
The lower box body is a foam resin box body lacking an upper surface, and has a bottom plate and four side walls, and an inner space surrounded by the side walls is erected substantially parallel to the longitudinal side walls. The partition wall is divided into a liquid fertilizer tank capable of storing liquid fertilizer and a cultivation tank capable of being filled with a medium, and in the vicinity of the bottom of the liquid fertilizer tank, near the bottom of the lateral wall of the lower box body. Is provided with a lower box body through hole communicating with the liquid fertilizer tank and an opening / closing plug for opening and closing the lower box body through hole, and a liquid fertilizer supply section is provided on an upper surface of the partition wall, and The upper surface of the box body is provided with a fitting portion capable of fitting with the fitting step portion of the adjacent upper frame body,
The liquid fertilizer is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank in which the lower box body through hole is sealed by the opening / closing plug, and the fitting portion of the lower box body filled with the medium in the cultivation tank, and the upper frame body. In the fitting step of, the upper frame body and the lower box body can be connected and stacked in the vertical direction,
The liquid fertilizer can be supplied to the cultivation tank from the liquid fertilizer tank sealed by the locking piece through the liquid fertilizer supply section of the partition wall.

(2) In the plant cultivation device of (1), in addition to the upper frame body and the lower box body, an intermediate frame body having a shape lacking a bottom plate of a cultivation tank of the lower box body,
A fitting portion capable of fitting with the fitting step portion of the upper frame body is provided on the upper surface portion of the intermediate frame body, and a fitting portion of the lower box body is fittable with the lower surface portion. A mating step is provided,
Liquid fertilizer is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank in which the through hole is sealed by the opening / closing plug, and the fitting portion of the lower box body in which the culture tank is filled with the medium, and the fitting step portion of the intermediate frame body In the above, the intermediate frame body and the lower box body can be vertically connected and stacked,
Liquid fertilizer is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank whose through hole is sealed by the opening / closing plug, and the fitting portion of the intermediate frame body in which the culture tank is filled with the medium, and the fitting step portion of the upper frame body. The intermediate frame body and the upper frame body can be vertically connected and stacked,
It is preferably considered that the liquid fertilizer can be supplied from the liquid fertilizer tank sealed by the locking piece to the cultivation tank through the liquid fertilizer supply section of the partition wall.

  (3) In the plant cultivation device according to (1) or (2) above, in the upper frame, upper frame through holes are provided in a pair of frame plates in the longitudinal direction in the thickness direction. It is preferably considered that the liquid fertilizer supply pipe is inserted through the body through hole.

  (4) Further, it is preferably considered that the water level measuring device is inserted into the lower box through hole.

  (5) Furthermore, it is preferably considered that the water level measuring device is inserted into the intermediate frame through hole.

  (6) Further, it is preferably considered that a connecting pipe is inserted through the lower box through hole, and another lower box can be connected in the horizontal direction through the connecting pipe.

  (7) Furthermore, it is preferable to consider that a connecting pipe is inserted into the through hole of the intermediate frame and that another intermediate frame can be connected in the horizontal direction via the connecting pipe.

  (8) Further, it is preferably considered that the plant is a root vegetable.

(9) A method for cultivating a plant using the apparatus for cultivating a plant according to the above (1), which comprises the following steps.
<1> A step of installing the lower box on the ground or floor, supplying liquid fertilizer to the liquid fertilizer tank, and filling the culture tank with a medium;
<2> The locking piece of the upper frame is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank of the lower box, and the fitting portion provided on the upper surface of the lower box and the upper frame A step of fitting the fitting stepped portion provided on the lower surface of the body and connecting them in the vertical direction;
<3> A step of filling a culture medium in a cultivation tank surrounded by the frame plate of the upper frame and sowing seeds of the plant or transplanting seedlings of the plant.

(10) A method for cultivating a plant using the apparatus for cultivating a plant according to the above (2), which comprises the following steps.
<1> A step of installing the lower box on the ground or floor, supplying liquid fertilizer to the liquid fertilizer tank, and filling the culture tank with a medium;
<2> The bottom plate of the intermediate body is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank of the lower box body, the fitting portion provided on the upper surface portion of the lower box body, and the lower surface of the intermediate frame body. A step of fitting and fitting the fitting stepped portion provided in the section to the vertical direction;
<3> A step of supplying liquid fertilizer to the liquid fertilizer tank of the intermediate frame and filling the culture tank with the medium;
<4> The locking piece of the upper frame is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank of the intermediate frame, and the fitting portion provided on the upper surface of the intermediate frame and the upper frame A step of fitting the fitting stepped portion provided on the lower surface of the body and connecting them in the vertical direction;
<5> A cultivation tank surrounded by the frame plate of the upper frame body is filled with a medium, and stored in the liquid fertilizer tank through a liquid fertilizer supply section provided on the upper surfaces of the partition walls of the lower box body and the intermediate frame body. A step of supplying the liquid fertilizer to the medium filled in the cultivation tanks of the upper frame, the intermediate frame and the lower box, and sowing the seeds of the plant or transplanting the seedlings of the plant.

  (11) In the plant cultivation method according to (9) or (10), it is preferably considered that the plant is a root vegetable.

  According to the plant cultivating apparatus and the plant cultivating method of the present invention, the working height and the soil depth can be changed even though the structure is simple, the household maintenance is easy and the cost is low, and the plant cultivation management is performed. It is also easy to reduce the physical burden on the operator's knees and hips, and it is possible to easily grow not only leafy vegetables but also root vegetables that were difficult to grow with conventional planters. ..

It is a partially notched perspective view which shows 1st embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of FIG. In the first embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention, a partition plate is inserted into a slit provided in the cultivation tank of the upper frame body and the lower box body, and a mode in which the cultivation tank is divided and used is schematically shown. It is an exploded perspective view. It is the figure which showed the state which filled the liquid fertilizer and the culture medium in the cross section in the AA cross section of FIG. (A) is a schematic plan view which shows the upper frame body in 1st embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of this invention. (B) is a BB sectional view of (a). It is a schematic plan view which shows the lower box body in 1st embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of this invention. (A) is CC sectional drawing of FIG. (B) is a DD sectional view of FIG. 6. 7C is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 6. (A) in the first embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 3, while inserting the partition plate into the slits provided in the cultivation tank of the upper frame and the lower box, liquid fertilizer and medium It is the top view which showed the state which filled up with typically. (B) is a B'-B 'sectional view of (a). In the first embodiment of the plant cultivating device of the present invention, in the portion corresponding to the outer wall of the cultivation tank in the lateral wall of the lower box, a sidewall through hole is bored, and hot water is supplied to the through hole. It is an outline top view showing the mode which inserts the heat pipe which can be circulated. In the first embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention, it is a diagram showing a state in which liquid fertilizer and a medium are filled in an AA cross-sectional view of a mode in which a water absorbing body is provided as a liquid fertilizer supply unit. In the first embodiment of the plant cultivating apparatus of the present invention, a schematic plan view schematically showing a state in which the liquid fertilizer in the lower box is filled with liquid fertilizer and the water absorber is arranged in a circle around the plant P. Is. It is a partially notched perspective view which shows 2nd embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of this invention. FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 12. It is the figure which showed the state which is filling the liquid fertilizer and the culture medium in the sectional view in the FF cross section of FIG. 12, and also cultivating a plant also using a water absorber as a liquid fertilizer supply part. It is a top view which shows the intermediate | middle frame body in 2nd embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of this invention. (A) is a GG sectional view of FIG. (B) is a HH sectional view of FIG. (C) is an II sectional view of FIG. (A) is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a horizontal connected state of the second embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention. (B) is a schematic sectional drawing in the JJ cross section of (a). The second embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention is filled with liquid fertilizer and a medium in a schematic sectional view of a plant cultivation facility using the second embodiment in a connected state, and a plant is cultivated by using a water absorbent body as a liquid fertilizer supply unit. It is the figure which showed the state. It is the graph which showed the result of the volumetric water content measurement test of the culture medium in the cultivation tank when using the plant cultivation apparatus of this invention. It is the photograph which showed the radish cultivated using the plant cultivation device of the present invention.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view schematically showing a first embodiment of a plant cultivation device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. The plant cultivating apparatus 1 includes an upper frame body 2 and a lower box body 3, and the upper frame body 2 includes four frame plates 21 and 22 made of foam resin and an interior surrounded by the frame plates 21 and 22. The cultivation tank 23 is configured as a space, and in the vicinity of the bottom of the frame plate 21 in the longitudinal direction, a locking piece 24 is provided over the entire length of the frame plate 21 from one surface on the cultivation tank 23 side, and also on four sides. A fitting step 25 is formed on the lower surface of the frame plates 21 and 22. Further, in the upper frame body 2, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, slits 26 are formed on the inner surfaces of the cultivation tank 23 that face each other. As shown in FIG. 3, a partition plate 27 is inserted into the slit 26 from above the cultivation tank 23 so that the space of the cultivation tank 23 can be appropriately divided and used.

  On the other hand, the lower box body 3 is a box body made of foam resin having a lack of an upper surface, and has four side walls 31 and 35 together with a bottom surface. In the inner space surrounded by the side walls 31 and 35, By the partition wall 32 which is erected substantially parallel to the side wall 31, the liquid fertilizer tank 33 capable of storing the liquid fertilizer 4 containing the inorganic component and the organic component which are the water and the fertilizer essential for the growth of the plant, and the medium 5 can be filled. It is partitioned by the cultivation tank 34. In the vicinity of the bottom of the liquid fertilizer tank 33, in the vicinity of the bottom of the side wall 35 in the lateral direction of the lower box 3, a lower box body through hole 36 communicating with the liquid fertilizer tank 33 and the lower box body through hole 36 can be opened and closed. An opening / closing plug 37 is provided, a liquid fertilizer supply unit 38 is provided on the upper surface of the partition wall 32, and the fitting step 25 of the adjacent upper frame 2 can be fitted to the upper surface of the lower box body 3. The fitting portion 39 is provided. Further, in the lower box body 3, as shown in FIG. 2, slits 32a are formed on the inner surfaces facing each other of the cultivation tank 34. As shown in FIG. 3, a partition plate 34b is inserted into the slit 32a from above the cultivation tank 34 so that the space of the cultivation tank 34 can be appropriately divided and used.

  In this plant cultivation device 1, the liquid fertilizer 4 is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank 33 in which the lower box body through hole 36 is sealed by the opening / closing plug 37, and the culture tank 5 is filled with the medium 5 as shown in FIG. 4. In the fitting portion 39 of the lower box body 3 and the fitting step portion 25 of the upper frame body 2, the upper frame body 2 and the lower box body 3 can be vertically connected and stacked. 4 is a view showing a state in which liquid fertilizer and a medium are filled in the cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

  The fitting step portion 25 and the fitting portion 39 may be provided at the edges of the lower surface portion of the upper frame body 2 and the upper surface portion of the lower box body 3, respectively, or the thickness of the side walls 21, 22, 31, 35. You may provide in the substantially central part of a direction.

  Further, in the plant cultivation device 1, the liquid fertilizer 4 is supplied to the cultivation tank 34 from the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the lower box body 3 sealed by the locking pieces 24 of the upper frame body 2 as shown in FIG. 4. It can be supplied through the liquid fertilizer supply section 38 of the partition wall 32. That is, the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the lower box body 3 becomes a closed space in which only the liquid fertilizer supply unit 38 provided on the upper surface of the partition wall 32 serves as an opening for liquid delivery, and the liquid fertilizer supply unit 38 allows the liquid fertilizer tank 33 to be stored in The liquid fertilizer 4 can be supplied to the medium 5. Further, since the liquid fertilizer 4 supplied to the medium 5 absorbs water due to the capillarity and permeation of the medium 5, the liquid fertilizer 4 is not adjacent to the liquid fertilizer supply unit 38 and has a water content up to the medium 5 not in direct contact with the liquid fertilizer 4. Can be supplied. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer 4 diffuses throughout the medium 5 in the cultivation tank 34.

  FIG. 5A is a schematic plan view showing the upper frame body in the first embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

  The size of the upper frame 2 is not particularly limited as long as the plant can be cultivated, but for example, the height is about 20 cm.

  Moreover, the size of the cultivation tank 23 of the upper frame 2 is not particularly limited as long as the plant can be cultivated, but for example, the depth is about 18 cm to 20 cm.

  The size of the locking piece 24 of the upper frame body 2 is not particularly limited as long as the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the lower box body 3 can be sealed and the liquid fertilizer supply portion 38 of the partition wall 32 can be covered. For example, the width is about 10 cm to 15 cm.

Further, although not shown, in the upper frame body 2, a pair of frame plates 21 in the longitudinal direction are provided with upper frame body through holes in the thickness direction, and liquid fertilizer supply piping is provided in the upper frame body through holes. Penetration is preferably considered. In the case of a plant that has just germinated, there are cases in which the root length is short and the root does not reach the cultivation tank 34 of the lower box 3. In this case, if the medium 5 filled in the cultivation tank 23 of the upper frame 2 holds the water necessary for plant growth, germination and growth of the plant will proceed. Therefore, an upper frame body through hole is provided in the thickness direction of the pair of frame plates 21 in the longitudinal direction of the upper frame body 2, and a liquid fertilizer supply pipe inserted into the through hole is used to feed the upper frame body 2 It is exemplified that the liquid fertilizer 4 is directly supplied to the medium 5 filled in the cultivation tank 23.
In the upper frame 2, the total length of the slits 26 formed on the inner surfaces of the cultivation tank 23 facing each other is not particularly limited as long as the strength of the upper frame 2 is not reduced and the partition plate 27 can be held. There is no such thing. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, it is exemplified that it is formed from the upper surface of the side wall 21 in the longitudinal direction to the vicinity of the bottom of the cultivation tank 23, that is, the upper surface of the locking piece 24.

  Further, the width (width in the longitudinal direction of the side wall 21) and depth (depth in the thickness direction of the side wall 21) of the slit 26 do not reduce the strength of the upper frame body 2 as in the case of the entire length of the slit 26. Moreover, as long as the partition plate 27 can be held, there is no particular limitation. For example, it is exemplified that the width is 5 to 7 mm and the depth is 5 to 7 mm.

  It is preferable to consider that such a slit 26 is formed at the same time as the molding of the upper frame body 2 by forming a ridge in the mold of the upper frame body 2 in advance. Of course, the slit 26 may be formed by cutting or thermal melting with an electric heating wire after molding the upper frame body 2 in which the slit 26 is not provided.

  The partition plate 27 has a function of retaining the medium 5 filled in the cultivation tank 23 with soil, and permeation and diffusion of fertilizer components among a plurality of regions in the cultivation tank 23 partitioned by the partition plate 27. It is preferably considered to have a compatible structure. Therefore, as the partition plate 27, for example, a punching board provided with a plurality of through holes is exemplified. Further, the material of the partition plate 27 has the function of retaining soil of the medium 5 as described above, and the water and fertilizer components can be transferred between the plurality of regions of the cultivation tank 23 partitioned by the partition plate 27. As long as it is, it is not particularly limited. For example, a wood board, a board made of a plastic resin such as an acrylic board, a foamed resin formed in a plate shape, a metal plate, etc. are exemplified.

  Further, the thickness and size of the partition plate 27 can be appropriately changed in design according to the width, the total length and the depth of the slit 26, and is, for example, about 7 mm.

  A foamed resin molded body is used for the upper frame 2, the lower box 3, and the plant cultivating apparatus 1 which is a joined body of these. Since the foamed resin molded body has high heat insulation and heat retention, the water temperature of the liquid fertilizer 4 in the liquid fertilizer tank 33 can be kept constant. Therefore, the plant cultivating apparatus 1 can stably and easily cultivate plants outdoors in low temperatures such as early spring and late autumn, or in cold regions. In addition, the high heat insulation and heat retention of the foamed resin molded product allows the plant cultivation device 1 to stably and easily grow a plant outdoors in a high temperature period such as midsummer.

  The type of foamed resin is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include those that are lightweight and have good moldability and stability, such as expanded polystyrene resin.

  Further, as a method of forming the upper frame body 2 and the lower box body 3, various conventionally used methods can be applied. For example, cast molding, extrusion molding, injection molding and the like are exemplified.

  The foamed resin molded body that constitutes the upper frame body 2, the lower box body 3 and the plant cultivation device 1 that is a joint body of these may be white as in a commonly used foamed resin box, It may be colored in various colors using various dyes and pigments. Furthermore, by applying a paint, a resin film, or the like on the surfaces of the upper frame 2, the lower box 3, and the plant cultivating apparatus 1 which is a combination of these, it is possible to change the appearance and feel of the foamed resin molded body. It is possible. In this way, by applying surface treatment such as coloring and coating, it is compatible with the surrounding landscape not only in farmland such as farm fields and greenhouses, but also in the outdoor environment at home and in urban areas, and it is in harmony with the environment. The plant cultivation device 1 can be realized.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing a lower box body in the first embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 7A is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 6. FIG. 7C is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 6.

  The size of the lower box 3 is not particularly limited as long as the plant can be cultivated, but the height is, for example, about 20 cm.

  The size of the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the lower box 3 is not particularly limited as long as liquid fertilizer sufficient for growing plants can be stored. For example, the depth of the liquid fertilizer tank 33 can be exemplified in the range of 10 cm to 18 cm.

  Further, the size of the cultivation tank 34 of the lower box 3 is not particularly limited as long as the plant can be cultivated, but for example, the depth is about 18 cm to 20 cm. Furthermore, the total length of the slits 32a formed on the inner surfaces facing each other of the cultivation tank 34 is not particularly limited as long as the strength of the lower box 3 is not reduced and the partition plate 34b can be held. .. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, from the upper surface of the side wall 31 in the longitudinal direction and the partition wall 32 erected substantially parallel to the side wall 31, the inner bottom of the cultivation tank 34, that is, the upper surface of the bottom plate 34a. It is exemplified that it is formed up to the vicinity of the part.

  Alternatively, as will be described later, in a plurality of regions of the cultivation tank 34 partitioned by the partition plate 34b, from the viewpoint of enabling mutual transfer of fertilizer components and water, the cultivation tank 34 is located near the bottom of the cultivation tank 34. A mode in which the slit 32a is not formed in the side wall 31 and the partition wall 32 in the vicinity of the bottom plate 34a is preferably exemplified so as not to be partitioned. In such an aspect, the lower end of the partition plate 34b does not contact the inner bottom of the cultivation tank 34, that is, the upper surface portion of the bottom plate 34a.

  The width (width in the longitudinal direction of the side wall 31 and the partition wall 32) and depth (depth in the thickness direction of the side wall 31 and the partition wall 32) of the slit 32a are the same as in the case of the entire length of the slit 32a. There is no particular limitation as long as the strength of the body 3 is not reduced and the partition plate 34b can be held. For example, it is exemplified that the width is 5 to 7 mm and the depth is 5 to 7 mm.

  It is preferable to consider that the slit 32a is formed at the same time as the molding of the lower box body 3 by forming a ridge in the mold of the lower box body 3 in advance. Of course, the slit 32a may be formed by cutting or thermal melting with a heating wire after molding the lower box body 3 in which the slit 32a is not provided.

  The partition plate 34b has both the function of retaining soil of the culture medium 5 filled in the cultivation tank 34 and the penetration and diffusion of fertilizer components between a plurality of regions of the cultivation tank 34 partitioned by the partition plate 34b. It is preferably considered to have a structure to obtain. Therefore, as the partition plate 34b, for example, a punching board provided with a plurality of through holes is exemplified. In addition, the material of the partition plate 34b has a function of retaining soil of the medium 5 as described above, and it is possible to transfer water and fertilizer components between a plurality of regions of the cultivation tank 34 partitioned by the partition plate 34b. As long as it is, it is not particularly limited. For example, a wood board, a board made of a plastic resin such as an acrylic board, a foamed resin formed in a plate shape, a metal plate, etc. are exemplified.

  Further, the thickness and the size of the partition plate 34b can be appropriately changed in design according to the width, the total length and the depth of the slit 32a, and are, for example, about 7 mm.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, the lower box body 3 has a lower box body through hole penetrating the liquid fertilizer tank 33 near the bottom of the side wall 35 in the lateral direction of the lower box body 3. 36 and an opening / closing plug 37 for opening / closing the lower box body through hole 36 are provided. Normally, the through hole 36 is closed by the opening / closing plug 37. Further, in the lower box body through hole 36, the opening / closing plug 37 is removed, and the water level measuring device 6 also serving as a liquid fertilizer supply pipe is inserted so as to connect the lower box body through hole 36 and the liquid fertilizer tank 33. It is preferably considered. By inserting and mounting the water level measuring device 6 in the lower box through hole 36 from the outer surface side of the side wall 35 in the lateral direction of the lower box 3, based on the water level indicated by the water level measuring device 6, The liquid fertilizer 4 can be replenished and the water level of the liquid fertilizer 4 can be adjusted according to the plant to be cultivated.

  The opening / closing plug 37 is not particularly limited as long as it has sufficient weather resistance and airtightness, and examples thereof include a silicon plug and a plastic plug.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, FIG. 6 and FIGS. 7A and 7C, the liquid fertilizer supply unit 38 is a groove-shaped structure provided on the upper surface of the partition wall 32, and its cross-sectional shape is It may be a concave groove, or may be a V groove or a semicircular circular groove as shown. The size of the liquid fertilizer supply unit 38 is not particularly limited as long as it can supply the liquid fertilizer 4 in an amount necessary for plant growth.

  In the plant cultivation device 1, it is preferable that the water supplied to the plant is only the liquid fertilizer 4 diluted to an optimum concentration with water. That is, since the liquid fertilizer 4 is adjusted to have the optimum concentration of inorganic substances and organic substances for plant growth, stable plant cultivation is possible even for beginners of agricultural work without depending on the worker's proficiency level in agricultural work. Becomes

The liquid fertilizer 4 is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for hydroponics of plants. For example, Hyponex stock solution (manufactured by Hyponex Japan Co., Ltd.) and the like are exemplified. In addition to appropriately diluting such a commercially available liquid fertilizer stock solution, it is also considered to use liquid fertilizer that is prepared and prepared by an operator.
Further, by stirring the liquid fertilizer 4 or performing aeration, the oxygen supply to the rhizosphere of the plant can be increased, and the growth of the plant can be promoted. The liquid fertilizer 4 can be stirred or aerated by a conventionally known method. For example, an air pump for ornamental fish breeding is used, and one end of an air supply tube or hose connected to the pump. A method of charging the liquid fertilizer 4 into the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the liquid fertilizer tank 33 is exemplified.

  In the lower box body 3, a standard line of the water level is formed in advance on the inner surface of the side wall 31 in the longitudinal direction so as to be at the same height as the upper surface portion of the liquid fertilizer tank 33, and the standard of the liquid fertilizer amount is clearly indicated. It is possible.

  In the plant cultivation device 1, a plant can be cultivated by filling the cultivation tank 23 of the upper frame 2 and the cultivation tank 34 of the lower box 3 with the medium 5. The seeds of the plant can be directly sown on the medium 5 filled in the cultivation tanks 23 and 34, or the seedlings of the plant sprouting and growing in a greenhouse or a temperature-controlled room can be transplanted. The seeding of plant seeds and the transplanting of seedlings can be performed immediately after the plant cultivating device 1 is installed, that is, immediately after the liquid fertilizer 4 is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the lower box 3 and the culture tank 34 is filled with the medium 5. However, from the viewpoint of maintaining sufficient liquid fertilizer 4 in the medium 5, for example, it is preferably considered to be performed 10 days or more after the plant cultivation device 1 is installed.

  The seed sowing method can be appropriately selected depending on the plant to be cultivated. For example, a method of direct seeding on the surface of the medium, a method of forming a perforation hole at a depth of about 1 mm to 3 cm from the surface of the medium, sowing seeds, covering the seeds with the medium 5, and embedding the seeds are exemplified.

  Also, the height of the seedlings at the time of transplantation can be appropriately selected depending on the plant to be cultivated.

  After that, the seeded or transplanted plant germinates and grows by adjusting the liquid fertilizer amount and adjusting various environmental requirements such as temperature and light amount necessary for the growth of the plant.

  As described above, by using the plant cultivation device 1 of the present invention, it becomes possible to perform stable plant cultivation by a very simple method even by a beginner of agricultural work.

  Examples of plants that can be cultivated by the plant cultivating apparatus 1 include leaf vegetables and fruit vegetables, as well as root vegetables.

  In most conventional plant cultivation devices, particularly hydroponic cultivation devices, soil-based agricultural materials have not been used as the medium. In such a conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus, it is difficult to cultivate root vegetables that are considered to require physical stimulation such as pressure from the medium for the growth of roots, tuberous roots and rhizomes that are edible parts. ..

  On the other hand, in the plant cultivation device 1 of the present invention, the plants germinated or transplanted in the medium filled in the cultivation tanks 23 and 33 of the upper frame body 2 and the lower box body 3 are in the medium 5 which retains an appropriate water content. Roots to grow. A physical stimulus such as a pressure from the medium 5 is applied to the roots elongated in the medium 5. When a physical stimulus such as such pressure is applied to the root of the plant, the root of the plant grows in soil cultivation (soil) cultivation, that is, in a state close to the soil under a natural environment. Therefore, in the plant cultivation device 1, it is possible to grow not only leaf vegetables and fruit vegetables that can be cultivated in the conventional plant cultivation device, but especially the hydroponic cultivation device, and also root vegetables that are difficult to grow. When cultivating root vegetables, it is necessary to secure a sufficient depth of the medium 5.

  The depth when the medium 5 is filled is, for example, within a range of 5 to 20 cm per unit of the upper frame body 2 and the lower box body 3. When the depth when the medium 5 is filled is within the above range, the germination rate of seeds is high, root rot is suppressed, and the growth of plants is vigorous.

  Examples of the medium 5 include organic mixed soil, artificial media that have been processed into granules, sand, and the like. For example, when using organic mixed soil that meets the conditions for organic cultivation of JAS (Japanese Agricultural Standards) as the medium 5, to obtain harvests of highly safe and high-value-added vegetables, etc. that comply with organic vegetables approved by the country. You can It is also considered preferably to add a useful microorganism group such as EM bacteria as a soil conditioner.

  In the conventional plant cultivation device, as the roots of the plant grow, there is a problem that sufficient oxygen does not spread to the rhizosphere and excess water stays in the rhizosphere, causing root rot.

  On the other hand, in the plant cultivating apparatus 1 of the present invention, when an artificial medium that has been processed into a granule is used as the medium 5, a large number of voids containing air are formed in the soil, so that sufficient oxygen is supplied to the rhizosphere. It is also preferable because the root rot is suppressed and the plant grows vigorously.

  Further, as the medium 5, for example, a material having antibacterial properties capable of suppressing the growth of molds and pests, a porous material capable of achieving both water retention and high transpiration ability, and a liquid fertilizer 4 in contact with the medium 5 containing a plant material It is preferable to use a granular material having various functionalities such as a mineral-containing material capable of eluting trace elements necessary for growth. As such a medium 5, in particular, one obtained by processing porous ceramics into particles can be preferably used. The porous ceramics can hold the components of the liquid fertilizer 4 in the fine pores. Moreover, since it has a sustained release property, a high-concentration fertilizer component is not supplied to the roots of plants at one time, and an environment suitable for plant growth can be maintained for a long period of time.

  As the porous ceramics, for example, naturally occurring ones such as pumice, volcanic ash, zeolite, and calcium carbonate, as well as alumina, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, or a mixture of one or more of these is used. Examples include synthetic products such as bodies, and those obtained by adding components such as charcoal and coral calcium together with a binder to the above-mentioned natural or synthetic ceramics and firing the resulting products.

  Of course, such granular porous ceramics can be used alone, and it is also possible to use a combination of two or more kinds with other materials that can be suitably used as the medium 5.

  In addition, the medium 5 can adjust the humidity of the root zone according to the vegetation of the plant by adjusting the particle size and composition of the granular soil, sand, mulch, porous ceramics, etc. to be used, and create an optimal environment for the plant. Can be made. For example, in ginseng, which is a dryland plant, it is optimal that the humidity around the roots is about 50% to 60%, and the voids between the particles of the medium 5 should be increased to reduce the humidity around the roots. Is preferred. On the other hand, seedbeds such as cuttings are said to have a moist environment around the roots, and it is preferable that the seedlings have a composition that reduces voids between particles of the medium 5 and enhances water retention. By controlling the root zone environment in this way, it is possible to grow special plants such as dry land plants.

  Furthermore, by controlling the particle size and composition of the medium 5, the medium 5 is heated by vaporization heat by evaporation of the liquid fertilizer 4 supplied from the liquid fertilizer tank 33 to the medium 5 filled in the cultivation tank 34 through the liquid fertilizer supply unit 38. The action of depriving the latent heat of. When the particle size of the medium 5 is increased, the number of voids inside the medium 5 increases, and transpiration becomes more active and the root zone temperature decreases. On the other hand, if the particle size of the medium 5 is made small, or if a large amount of soil, sand, mulch or the like is added, transpiration is reduced and the temperature drop is also reduced. It is also possible to control the temperature of the root zone by using such a principle.

  The particle size of the medium 5 is, for example, 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less.

  FIG. 8A shows slits 26, 32a provided in the cultivation tanks 23, 34 of the upper frame 2 and the lower box 3 in the first embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. It is the top view which showed the state which filled the liquid fertilizer 4 and the culture medium 5 while inserting the partition plates 27 and 34b. FIG. 8B is a sectional view taken along the line B′-B ′ of FIG. In this mode, the partition plate 34b is inserted from above the cultivation tank 34 into the slit 32a formed on the inner surface of the lower tank 3 facing the cultivation tank 34, and the cultivation tank 23 of the upper frame body 2 is opposed to the slit 32a. The partition plate 27 is inserted from above the cultivation tank 23 into the slit 26 formed on the inner surface of the cultivation tank 23, and the cultivation tanks 23 and 34 are used in a state of being partitioned into a plurality of regions. In addition, the lower end of the partition plate 34b, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), is not in contact with the bottom plate 34a of the cultivation tank 34, between a plurality of regions of the cultivation tank 34 partitioned by the partition plate 34b, In order to allow mutual transfer of fertilizer components and water, the cultivation tank 34 is designed so as not to be partitioned in the vicinity of the bottom of the cultivation tank 34.

  In FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the cultivation tanks 23 and 34 are divided into four regions by partition plates 26 and 34b, and the medium 5 is filled in three regions except the leftmost region in the figure, The area at the left end in the figure is filled with compost 5a. The plurality of regions in which the cultivation tanks 23 and 34 are partitioned are not particularly limited as long as they are two or more regions, but there are a region filled with the medium 5 and a region filled with the compost 5a. It is particularly preferable that the ratio is about 3: 1. In that case, the partition plates 26 and 34b are inserted only at the boundary between the medium 5 and the compost 5a.

  The compost 5a may be a commercially available product or a product manufactured in advance outside the plant cultivation apparatus 1 and may be filled in the cultivation tanks 23, 34, or one of the cultivation tanks 23, 34 partitioned by the partition plates 26, 34b. You may put vegetable waste, cow dung, chicken dung, etc. into the area and ferment and age the compost inside the plant cultivation apparatus 1.

  Further, the filling amount of the compost 5a is preferably limited to about 1/2 to 1/3 of the depth of the cultivation tank 34 of the lower box 3, as shown in FIG. 8 (b). With the above filling amount, when compost is fermented and aged inside the plant cultivation apparatus 1, it can be fermented and aged sufficiently, and moreover, the odor peculiar to compost is provided around the place where the plant cultivation apparatus 1 is installed. There is almost no risk of diffusion. Further, a sufficient amount of fertilizer component can be gradually released to the region filled with the medium 5.

  FIG. 9 is a side wall 35 in the lateral direction of the lower box 3 in the first embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention, in which a side wall through hole 35a is formed in a portion corresponding to the outer wall of the cultivation tank 34. FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view showing a mode in which a heat pipe H capable of circulating hot water is inserted through the through hole 35a.

  As shown in FIG. 9, by inserting the heat pipe H into the lower box 3 and using the warm water pump Hp for supplying warm water, the warm water is fed and circulated in the inner space of the heat pipe H. The medium 5 filled in the cultivation tank 34 can be heated to raise the temperature in the rhizosphere. By raising the temperature of the rhizosphere, plants can be cultivated during the winter season, and it is also easy to cultivate plants that originate in warm regions that are vulnerable to cold.

Further, in the mode shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B in which a part of the area of the cultivation tank 34 is filled with the compost 5a, when the heat pipe H is provided as in FIG. 9, the temperature of the compost 5a is increased. It is possible to promote decomposition of organic matter in the compost and aging of the compost.
The position where the side wall through hole 35a is formed is not particularly limited as long as it does not penetrate the liquid fertilizer tank 33, and may be any position in the height direction and the width direction of the side wall 35. It is preferable to consider that such a side wall perforation hole 35a is formed at the same time as the lower box body 3 is formed by forming a substantially cylindrical projection on the mold of the lower box body 3 in advance. Of course, the side wall through hole 35a may be formed by cutting or thermal melting with a heating wire after the lower box body 3 in which the side wall through hole 35a is not formed. In the lower box body 3 in which the side wall through hole 35a is formed in advance, when the heat pipe H is not provided, like the lower box body through hole 36 and the opening / closing plug 37 corresponding thereto, the side wall through hole 35a is formed by a silicon plug or the like. Is considered to be sealed.

  Although only the mode in which the heat pipe H is provided in the lower box body 3 is illustrated in FIG. 9, a frame plate through hole is formed in the frame plate 22 in the lateral direction of the upper frame body 2. However, a mode in which a heat pipe capable of circulating hot water is inserted into the through hole is naturally considered.

  FIG. 10: is the figure which showed the state which filled the liquid fertilizer and the culture medium in the AA sectional view at the time of including the water absorber 38a as the liquid fertilizer supply part 38 in 1st embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of this invention. .. Although the liquid fertilizer 4 can be supplied to the medium 5 only with the groove-shaped liquid fertilizer supply unit 38, when the filling amount of the medium 5 increases, it is preferable to use the water absorbing body 38a together.

  Examples of the water absorbing body 38a include a water absorbing sheet or a water absorbing filamentous material, and a sheet or fibrous base material coated with a hydrophilic resin is exemplified. Examples of the hydrophilic resin used for the water absorber 38a include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) resin and the like. As the base material, plastics used in conventional agricultural fields can be preferably used. For example, polypropylene resin, polyester resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, etc. are exemplified.

  In the mode of using the water absorbent body 38a, unlike the conventional plant cultivation apparatus, the liquid fertilizer 4 is supplied to the medium medium 5 by the capillary phenomenon and the permeation between the medium (soil) particles by the medium 5 and the water absorbent body 38a. Water and air layers in the rhizosphere are maintained in a state close to nature, which is suitable for plant growth, without the need for equipment such as. Also, the water supply to the plant is unlikely to be excessive. Therefore, in the plant cultivating apparatus 1 of the present invention, in addition to leafy vegetables and fruit vegetables that can be cultivated even in the conventional plant cultivating apparatus, those having less water in the medium 5 such as dry land plants grow. It is possible to cultivate a plant that is preferable for. Examples of dry land plants include parsley and ginseng.

  Further, the water absorbent body 38a may be linearly arranged from the liquid fertilizer tank 33 to the cultivation tank 34 as shown in FIG. 10, or as shown in FIG. 11, the root portion of the plant P in the cultivation tank 34. You may arrange | position so that the circumference | surroundings of or and rhizome may be surrounded by a circle. Considering the efficiency of liquid fertilizer supply, it is preferable to arrange the water absorbers 38a in a circular shape. Thereby, compared with the case where the water absorber 38a is linearly arranged from the liquid fertilizer tank 33 to the cultivation tank 34, the water is efficiently diffused into the medium 5.

  The thickness and length of the water absorbent body 38a are not particularly limited as long as the liquid fertilizer 4 necessary for plant growth can be supplied. For example, the length of the water absorber 38a may be in the range of 20 cm to 70 cm.

  FIG. 12 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a second embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a partially cutaway exploded perspective view of FIG. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a state in which a liquid fertilizer and a medium are filled in the cross-sectional view taken along the line F-F in FIG. FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an intermediate frame body in the second embodiment of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 16A is a sectional view taken along line GG of FIG. 15. 16B is a sectional view taken along line HH of FIG. FIG. 16C is a sectional view taken along the line I-I of FIG. 15.

  In this embodiment, parts common to those of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted below.

As a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 16, there is exemplified a plant cultivation device 1a in which an intermediate frame body 8 is provided between an upper frame body 2 and a lower box body 3. ..
The intermediate frame body 8 is a foamed resin molded body having a shape lacking the bottom plate 34a of the cultivation tank 34 of the lower box body 3. A fitting portion 81a capable of fitting with the fitting step portion 25 of the upper frame body 2 is provided on the upper surface portion of the intermediate frame body 8, and the lower surface portion is fitted with the fitting portion 39 of the lower box body 3. A mating stepped portion 81b that can be fitted is provided. The fitting portion 81a and the fitting stepped portion 81b may be provided at the edges of the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion of the intermediate frame body 8, or may be provided at substantially the center portion in the thickness direction of the side wall.

  In the intermediate frame body 8, as in the lower box body 3, the inner space thereof is partitioned by a partition wall 82 into a liquid fertilizer tank 83 and a cultivation tank 84. Further, in the intermediate frame body 8, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, slits 82a are formed on the inner surfaces of the cultivation tank 84 that face each other. As in the first embodiment, a partition plate is inserted into the slit 82a from above the cultivation tank 84 so that the space of the cultivation tank 84 can be appropriately partitioned and used. Furthermore, an intermediate frame body through hole 86 communicating with the liquid fertilizer tank 83 is provided near the bottom of the side wall 85 in the lateral direction, and the through hole 86 is usually plugged by a plug 87.

  Further, a groove-shaped liquid fertilizer supply section 88 is provided on the upper surface of the partition wall 82.

  In the intermediate frame 8 having such a configuration, the liquid fertilizer 4 is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank 33 in which the through hole 36 is sealed by the opening / closing plug 37 in the fitting step 81b, and the culture tank 5 is filled with the medium 5. The lower box body 3 thus formed can be vertically connected and stacked.

  Further, the liquid fertilizer 4 is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank 83 in which the through hole 86 is plugged by the opening / closing plug 87, and the fitting portion 81 a of the intermediate frame body 8 in which the medium 5 is filled in the cultivation tank 84 and the upper frame body 2 are provided. In the fitting step portion 25, the upper frame body 2 and the intermediate frame body 8 can be connected and stacked vertically.

  The liquid fertilizer 4 can be supplied from the liquid fertilizer tank 83 sealed by the locking pieces 89 to the cultivation tank 84 through the liquid fertilizer supply section 88 of the partition wall 82. In the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the liquid fertilizer tank 83, like the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the lower box 3, one end of an air supply tube or hose connected to an ornamental fish breeding air pump is put. Then, by stirring the liquid fertilizer 4 or performing aeration, the oxygen supply to the rhizosphere of the plant can be increased, and the growth of the plant can be promoted.

  Regarding the liquid fertilizer supply unit 88, a mode including a water absorbing body 88a is also preferably considered, as in the first embodiment. The water absorbent body 88a may be made of the same material as the water absorbent body 38a in the first embodiment, or may be made of a different material.

  The size of the intermediate frame body 8 is not particularly limited as long as the plant can be cultivated, but for example, the height is about 20 cm. Further, the size of the cultivation tank 84 of the intermediate frame body 8 is not particularly limited as long as the plant can be cultivated, but for example, the depth is about 18 cm to 20 cm.

  In the present embodiment, at least one intermediate frame body 8 may be provided. For example, when the heights of the upper frame body 2, the intermediate frame body 8 and the lower box body 3 are all 20 cm, they are formed by stacking and connecting the upper frame body 2, the intermediate frame body 8 and the lower box body 3. The plant cultivation apparatus 1a thus constructed has an overall height of 60 cm, which allows the worker to work while standing upright without bending. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the burden on the operator's knees and waist, and it is possible to easily cultivate a plant having a long root such as root vegetables. The intermediate frame body 8 can be appropriately added according to the height of the worker and the depth of the root portion of the plant to be cultivated. For example, when the plant cultivation device 1a includes two intermediate frame bodies 8, the plant cultivation device 1a formed by stacking and connecting the upper frame body 2, the intermediate frame body 8 and the lower box body 3 is The total height is 80 cm, which makes it possible for the operator to work in a more comfortable posture compared to the case where there is only one intermediate frame body 8.

  In the plant cultivation device 1a of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 17 (a), (b) and FIG. 18, a plurality of lower box bodies 3 are arranged such that their lateral side walls 35 face each other, and a plurality of intermediate The frame 8 is arranged so that the lateral side walls 85 in the lateral direction face each other, and the connecting pipe 7 is provided so that the lower box body through hole 36 and the liquid fertilizer tank 33 and the intermediate frame body through hole 86 and the liquid fertilizer tank 83 communicate with each other. The plurality of lower box bodies 3 and the intermediate frame body 8 can be connected in the horizontal direction by inserting. At this time, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 17 (b), the lower box body 3 and the intermediate frame body 8 of the plurality of adjacent plant cultivation apparatuses 1 are in communication with each other through the connecting pipe 7, and the liquid fertilizer 4 However, it is possible to mutually move between the liquid fertilizer tanks 33 and 83 of the adjacent plant cultivation apparatus 1a. A large-scale plant cultivation facility 1b can be constructed and operated by connecting a plurality of lower boxes 3 and a plurality of intermediate frames 8, that is, a plurality of plant cultivation devices 1a. 17 (a), (b) and FIG. 18 show a plant cultivation facility 1b using a plant cultivation device 1a provided with an intermediate frame body 8, but of course, a plant cultivation device not provided with the intermediate frame body 8 is shown. It is also possible to construct and operate the plant cultivation facility 1c using 1.

  As the connection pipe 7, for example, a vinyl chloride pipe or the like used for ordinary piping is exemplified. The length of the connecting pipe is not particularly limited as long as the liquid fertilizer 4 can be sent, and for example, the thickness of the side wall 35 in the lateral direction of the adjacent lower box body 3 is slightly equal to two. It is exemplified that the length is more than that. Further, it is also exemplified that the length is equal to the total length in the longitudinal direction of the lower box body or the length is longer than the total length in the longitudinal direction.

  As described above, by connecting a plurality of plant cultivation devices 1 and 1a, in a large-scale farm field, in a greenhouse, or in an indoor plant production facility called a plant factory, a large-scale plant cultivation device for industrial use or plant cultivation Large-scale plant cultivation can be realized as the facilities 1b and 1c. Furthermore, the plant production facilities 1b and 1c using such plant cultivation devices 1 and 1a are large-scale irrigation facilities in areas where water use is limited, such as areas where arid zones and desertification are progressing. Plants can be cultivated with the minimum amount of water without the need for installation.

  Further, in the plant cultivation facilities 1b and 1c, as shown in FIG. 14, the liquid fertilizer mixing tank 9 for the worker to supply the solution to a place higher than the ground G and the water level of the plant cultivation device 1a are always kept constant. It is preferably considered that the liquid fertilizer mixing tank 9 and the water level adjusting tank 10 are connected to each other by a liquid fertilizer feed pipe.

  The liquid fertilizer mixing tank 9 is supported by the support legs 9 a and is installed at a higher place than the ground G. A liquid fertilizer feeding pipe 11 that connects the liquid fertilizer blending tank 9 and the water level adjusting tank 10 is provided at the lower part of the liquid fertilizer blending tank 9, and more preferably at the bottom. The liquid fertilizer 4 is sent to the water level adjusting tank 10 according to gravity. Therefore, the plant cultivation facilities 1b and 1c do not require a power source such as a pump. In addition, a stop valve 12 is provided in the middle of the liquid fertilizer feed pipe 11, so that the liquid feed of the liquid fertilizer 4 via the liquid fertilizer feed pipe 11 can be blocked as necessary. In addition, when supplying water and liquid manure before dilution to the liquid fertilizer mixing tank 9, an operator climbs onto the work table 13 and removes the lid 9b of the liquid fertilizer mixing tank 9 to add water and liquid manure before dilution. It is illustrated to do.

  It is illustrated that the water level adjusting tank 10 is partially buried in the ground. In such a mode, the liquid level of the liquid fertilizer 4 in the water level adjusting tank 10 and the liquid fertilizer tanks 33 and 83 of the plant cultivation apparatus 1a can be adjusted to be always the same. That is, in the water level adjusting tank 10, the liquid fertilizer liquid feeding pipe 11 communicating with the liquid fertilizer mixing tank 9 is inserted on the upstream side, and the ball tap 14 is provided at the opening of the liquid fertilizer liquid feeding pipe 11. Further, the water level adjusting tank 10 has a connecting pipe 7 that is in communication with the plant cultivating apparatus 1a at a position downstream of the water level adjusting tank 10 and lower than a position at which the liquid fertilizer feeding pipe 11 is inserted. When the liquid level of the liquid fertilizer 4 of the water level adjusting tank 10 and the plant cultivation device 1a falls below a predetermined height, the ball tap 14 opens the opening of the liquid fertilizer feed pipe 11 to allow the liquid fertilizer 4 to flow from the liquid fertilizer mixing tank 10. Is possible. On the other hand, when the liquid level of the water level adjusting tank 9 and the liquid fertilizer 4 of the plant cultivating apparatus 1a reaches a predetermined height, the ball tap 14 is lifted by the liquid fertilizer 4 in the water level adjusting tank 9 and the opening of the liquid fertilizer feed pipe 11 is opened. Close up. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the water level adjusting tank 9 and the liquid level of the liquid fertilizer 4 of the plant cultivation apparatus 1a so that they are always equal to each other without using any power such as a pump.

  Further, the plant cultivation device 1, 1a of the present invention is provided with a strut fixing part on the side surface of the device, and the strut set is erected and supported on the strut fixing part, and is covered with a resin film such as a vinyl cover, so that a change in temperature and wind or rain can occur. It is possible to construct a greenhouse that can protect and mitigate Further, a light source such as an LED lighting device may be suspended on the strut set. As a result, it is possible to grow plants indoors when the light amount is insufficient.

  Due to such characteristics, the plant cultivation apparatus 1, 1a of the present invention not only can easily grow root vegetables and the like which have been difficult to grow by pot-type and planter-type plant cultivation apparatuses at home, but also as agricultural industry. It is a plant cultivation device that enables simple cultivation of root vegetables and the like even in the field. Further, according to the plant cultivating apparatus 1, 1a of the present invention, since the height of the soil surface is close to the height of the waist of the worker, there is almost no need to bend, and the burden on the legs and waist of the worker is significantly reduced. It

  The plant cultivation device of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Various modes are possible for details such as the size and shape of each component of the upper frame body 2, the lower box body 3, and the intermediate frame body 8. Further, the management of the chemical composition, temperature, light amount, etc. of the liquid fertilizer 4 for cultivation may be considered to be equivalent as in the conventional case. The applicability of the device of the present invention is wide.

  Next, a plant cultivation method using the plant cultivation device of the present invention will be described.

The plant cultivation method of the present invention is characterized by using the plant cultivation device as described above, and includes at least the following steps. <1> A step of installing the lower box on the ground or floor, supplying liquid fertilizer to the liquid fertilizer tank, and filling the culture tank with a medium;
<2> The locking piece of the upper frame is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank of the lower box, and the fitting portion provided on the upper surface of the lower box and the upper frame A step of fitting the fitting stepped portion provided on the lower surface of the body and connecting them in the vertical direction;
<3> A step of filling a culture medium in a cultivation tank surrounded by the frame plate of the upper frame and sowing seeds of the plant or transplanting seedlings of the plant.

  As the step <1>, the lower box 3 is installed on the ground or floor, the liquid fertilizer 4 is supplied to the liquid fertilizer tank 33, and the culture medium 5 is filled in the cultivation tank 34.

  The lower box body 3 may be installed outdoors or indoors. Further, it may be installed inside a facility such as a vinyl house provided outdoors.

  As the liquid fertilizer 4 to be poured into the liquid fertilizer tank 33, a commercially available liquid fertilizer for hydroponic cultivation can be used. When the lower box body 3 and the upper frame body 2 are loaded and connected to the liquid fertilizer tank 33, the liquid fertilizer 4 is fed with the liquid fertilizer 4 through the liquid fertilizer supply section 38 provided on the upper surface of the partition wall 32 of the lower box body 3. It is desirable to store a sufficient amount of liquid fertilizer 4 so as to reach For example, it is illustrated that the liquid fertilizer amount is stored up to the same height as the upper surface portion of the partition wall 32 of the lower box body 3. In addition, a guideline of the liquid fertilizer amount is clearly indicated on the inner surface of the side wall 31 in the longitudinal direction of the lower box body 3 by forming a water level reference line in advance so as to be at the same height as the upper surface of the liquid fertilizer tank 33. It is possible. By using the lower box body 3 provided with such a reference line, even a beginner of agricultural work can appropriately manage the liquid fertilizer amount.

  Further, in the lower box body through hole 36, the opening / closing plug 37 is removed, and the water level measuring device 6 also serving as a liquid fertilizer supply pipe is inserted so as to connect the lower box body through hole 36 and the liquid fertilizer tank 33. It is preferably considered. By inserting the water level measuring device 6 into the lower box body through-hole 36 from the side wall 35 side in the lateral direction of the lower box body 3, the liquid level measuring device 6 is replenished or replenished based on the water level indicated by the water level measuring device 6. The water level of the liquid fertilizer 4 can be adjusted according to the plant to be cultivated.

  In step <2>, the locking piece 24 of the upper frame body 2 is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the lower box body 3, and the fitting portion 39 provided on the upper surface portion of the lower box body 3. And the fitting stepped portion 25 provided on the lower surface portion of the upper frame body 2 are fitted and connected in the vertical direction.

  Thereby, the liquid fertilizer 4 can be supplied to the cultivation tank 34 from the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the lower box body 3 sealed by the locking pieces 24 of the upper frame body 2 through the liquid fertilizer supply unit 38 of the partition wall 32. It is said that. That is, the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the lower box body 3 becomes a closed space in which only the liquid fertilizer supply unit 38 provided on the upper surface of the partition wall 32 serves as an opening for liquid delivery, and the liquid fertilizer supply unit 38 allows the liquid fertilizer tank 33 to be stored in The liquid fertilizer 4 can be supplied to the medium 5. Further, since the liquid fertilizer 4 supplied to the medium 5 is absorbed by the capillarity or permeation of the medium 5, water is supplied to the medium 5 which is not adjacent to the liquid fertilizer supply section 38 and is not in direct contact with the liquid fertilizer 4. can do. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer 4 diffuses throughout the medium 5 in the cultivation tank 34.

  Further, although the liquid fertilizer 4 can be supplied to the medium 5 only with the groove-shaped liquid fertilizer supply unit 38, when the filling amount of the medium 5 increases, it is preferable to use the water absorbing body 38a together.

  In the step <3>, the culture tank 23 surrounded by the frame plates 21 and 22 of the upper frame body 2 is filled with the medium 5, and seeds of the plant P are sown or seedlings of the plant P are transplanted.

  The seeds of the plant can be directly sown on the medium 5 filled in the cultivation tanks 23 and 34, or the seedlings of the plant sprouting and growing in a greenhouse or a temperature-controlled room can be transplanted. The seeding of plant seeds and the transplanting of seedlings can be performed immediately after the plant cultivating apparatus 1 is installed, but from the viewpoint of maintaining sufficient liquid fertilizer 4 in the medium 5, for example, after the plant cultivating apparatus 1 is installed, that is, It is preferably considered that the liquid fertilizer 4 is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the box 3 and the cultivation tank 34 is filled with the medium 5 and thereafter, after 10 days.

  The seed sowing method can be appropriately selected depending on the plant to be cultivated. For example, a method of direct seeding on the surface of the medium, a method of forming a perforation hole at a depth of about 1 mm to 3 cm from the surface of the medium, sowing seeds, covering the seeds with the medium 5, and embedding the seeds are exemplified.

  Also, the height of the seedlings at the time of transplantation can be appropriately selected depending on the plant to be cultivated.

  After that, the seeded or transplanted plant germinates and grows by adjusting the liquid fertilizer amount and adjusting various environmental requirements such as temperature and light amount necessary for the growth of the plant.

  As described above, according to the plant cultivation method of the present invention, even a beginner of agricultural work can very easily perform stable plant cultivation. Further, according to the plant cultivation method of the present invention, since the height of the soil surface is close to the height of the waist of the worker, there is almost no need to bend down, and the burden on the legs and waist of the worker is greatly reduced.

Another method of the method for cultivating a plant of the present invention is characterized by using a plant cultivating apparatus as in the method for cultivating a plant described above, and includes at least the following steps.
<1> A step of installing the lower box on the ground or floor, supplying liquid fertilizer to the liquid fertilizer tank, and filling the culture tank with a medium;
<2> The bottom plate of the intermediate body is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank of the lower box body, the fitting portion provided on the upper surface portion of the lower box body, and the lower surface of the intermediate frame body. A step of fitting and fitting the fitting stepped portion provided in the section to the vertical direction;
<3> A step of supplying liquid fertilizer to the liquid fertilizer tank of the intermediate frame and filling the culture tank with the medium;
<4> The locking piece of the upper frame is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank of the intermediate frame, and the fitting portion provided on the upper surface of the intermediate frame and the upper frame A step of fitting the fitting stepped portion provided on the lower surface of the body and connecting them in the vertical direction;
<5> The cultivation tank surrounded by the frame plate of the upper frame body is filled with a medium, and the medium is supplied to the liquid fertilizer tank via the liquid fertilizer supply section provided on the upper surfaces of the partition walls of the lower box body and the intermediate frame body. A step of supplying the stored liquid fertilizer to a medium filled in a cultivation tank of an upper frame, an intermediate frame and a lower box, and sowing seeds of the plant or transplanting seedlings of the plant.

  Since the step <1> is common to the step <1> of the plant cultivation method described in detail above, the description thereof will be omitted.

  In step <2>, the bottom plate 83a of the liquid fertilizer tank 83 of the intermediate frame 8 is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank 33 of the lower box body 3, and the fitting provided on the upper surface of the lower box body 3 is fitted. The portion 39 and the fitting stepped portion 81b provided on the lower surface portion of the intermediate frame body 8 are fitted to connect the lower box body 3 and the intermediate frame body 8 in the vertical direction. The method for supplying the liquid fertilizer 4 is common to the step <2> of the plant cultivation method described in detail above, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

  As the step <3>, the liquid fertilizer 4 is supplied to the liquid fertilizer tank 83 of the intermediate frame body 8 and the cultivation tank 84 is filled with the medium 5.

  In step <4>, the locking piece 24 of the upper frame body 2 is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank 83 of the intermediate frame body 8, and the fitting portion 81a provided on the upper surface of the intermediate frame body 8 is mounted. And the fitting stepped portion 25 provided on the lower surface of the upper frame body 2 are fitted to connect the intermediate frame body 8 and the upper frame body 2 in the vertical direction. Details of the step <4> are the same as the step <2> of the plant cultivation method described in detail above, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

  In step <5>, the culture medium 23 is filled in the cultivation tank 23 as an inner space surrounded by the frame plates 21 and 22 of the upper frame body 2, and the partition walls 32 and 82 of the lower box body 3 and the intermediate frame body 8 are filled. The liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the liquid fertilizer tanks 33, 83 is filled into the cultivation tanks 23, 84, 34 of the upper frame body 2, the intermediate frame body 8 and the lower box body 3 through the liquid fertilizer supply parts 38, 88 provided on the upper surface of the It is supplied to the prepared medium 5. Then, the seeds of the plant P are sown or the seedlings of the plant P are transplanted at the place where the liquid fertilizer 4 has spread to the medium 5 by the capillary phenomenon.

  After sowing the seeds of the plant or transplanting the seedlings of the plant, the seeded plant germinates and grows by adjusting various environmental requirements necessary for the growth of the plant such as regulation of liquid fertilizer amount, temperature, and light intensity. ..

  Examples of plants to which such a plant cultivation method can be applied include root vegetables and the like in addition to leaf vegetables and fruit vegetables.

  As described above, by a very simple method, even a beginner of agricultural work can perform stable plant cultivation.

  Furthermore, in the plant cultivation method of the present invention, the liquid level of the liquid fertilizer 4 can be adjusted based on the water level indicated by the water level measuring device 6 inserted in the liquid fertilizer tank 33.

  By adjusting the water level based on the water level instructed by the water level measuring device 6, it is possible to easily determine the appropriate addition time of the liquid fertilizer 4, and by setting the water level of the liquid fertilizer 4 to be low, It is easier to cultivate plants suitable for growth when the water content in medium 5 is lower, such as dry land plants, by decreasing the volumetric water content of 5.

  As a method of adding the liquid fertilizer 4, for example, in the first embodiment, a method of adding the liquid fertilizer 4 via a connection pipe 7 inserted so as to connect the lower box body through hole 36 and the liquid fertilizer tank 33 is It is illustrated. In addition, in the second embodiment, for example, the liquid fertilizer 4 may be added via the connecting pipe 7 inserted so as to connect the intermediate frame body through hole and the liquid fertilizer tank in addition to the lower box body 3. it can.

  Further, although the liquid fertilizer 4 can be supplied to the medium 5 only with the groove-shaped liquid fertilizer supplying units 38 and 88, when the filling amount of the medium 5 increases, the water absorbing bodies 38a and 88a should be used together. Is preferred.

  In the plant cultivation method of the present invention, a method of embedding at least a part of the lower box body 3 in the ground and using it is exemplified. For example, it is considered that a waterproof sheet is laid by flattening the bottom of a hole formed by excavating the ground where the plant cultivation devices 1, 1a are installed, and the lower box 3 is placed on the waterproof sheet. It At this time, it is preferable to use by embedding the bottom and side surfaces of the lower box body 3 in the ground so as not to directly contact the lower box body 3 with the waterproof sheet.

  Since the material of the plant cultivating apparatuses 1 and 1a is made of synthetic foamed resin having high heat retention, the effect of keeping the water temperature of the liquid fertilizer 4 in the liquid fertilizer tank 33 constant is high. Therefore, it is possible to stably and easily cultivate a plant outdoors in a low temperature period such as early spring or late autumn. Further, even in an area where the ground temperature is extremely high such as a desert area, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the liquid fertilizer and reduce the high temperature stress on the plants.

  Examples will be shown below, but the plant cultivation apparatus and the plant cultivation method of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments as described above. The chemical composition of liquid fertilizer for cultivation, the control of temperature, the amount of light, and the like may be considered to be equivalent, as in the conventional case. The application range of the plant cultivation device and the plant cultivation method of the present invention is wide.

(Medium volumetric water content measurement test)
A plant cultivation device with a three-stage structure consisting of an upper frame, an intermediate frame, and a lower box was installed in a vinyl house, and the Hyponex stock solution was diluted 500 times to form a liquid fertilizer tank for the intermediate and lower boxes. Supplied. The cultivation tanks of the upper frame, the intermediate frame and the lower box are filled with a commercially available medium having an average particle size of 4 mm as a medium, and in the intermediate frame and the lower frame, commercially available water having a length of 65 cm is used as a water absorber. A spearing tape (base material: sponge made of PVA resin, core material: polyester resin) is installed, and one end of the watering tape reaches the bottom of the liquid fertilizer tank, and the other end serves as a liquid fertilizer supply part of the partition wall. It was installed so as to draw a circle having a diameter of 15 cm in the intermediate portion between the partition wall and the side wall in the longitudinal direction on the side of the cultivation tank that faces the partition wall. In addition, it installed so that it might become almost the same height as the surface of the culture medium with which each culture tank of the intermediate frame and the lower frame was filled.

  In addition, in the cultivation tanks of the upper frame body, the intermediate frame body and the lower box body, for the purpose of measuring the water content, a moisture sensor (WD-3-WET-5Y, manufactured by ARP) and a data logger (WDR-1, (Manufactured by ARP) was installed. The sensor installation position on the upper frame was 10 cm above the surface of the watering tape of the intermediate frame. The sensor installation position on the intermediate frame was 23 cm below the sensor installation position on the upper frame, and was at the same depth as the watering tape on the lower box. The sensor installation position on the lower box was 25 cm below the sensor installation position on the intermediate frame. In the volumetric water content measurement test of this medium, after installation of the plant cultivation device, that is, the liquid fertilizer is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank of the lower box, the day when the medium is filled in the cultivation tank is the liquid fertilizer supply start date (after liquid fertilizer supply start 0 days), and the results of measuring the volumetric water content (%) of the medium from the 9th day to the 72nd day after the start of liquid fertilizer supply are summarized in the graph. The results are shown in Fig. 19.

  As shown in FIG. 19, in the upper frame and the intermediate frame, the volumetric water content of the medium exceeded 10% and the water suitable for plant growth was supplied 10 days after the start of liquid fertilizer supply. It was confirmed that it was done. In the range where the volumetric water content of the medium was less than 15% to slightly less than 22%, the volume reached a ceiling and the water content was not excessive.

  On the other hand, in the lower box, the volumetric water content of the medium was about 5% from the start of the liquid fertilizer supply to the 45th day, and after the 54th day, it was confirmed that the volumetric water content of the medium exceeded 10%. .. In the lower box body, it is considered that the water content from the intermediate frame portion gradually dropped downward with the passage of time.

(Root vegetables cultivation test)
A plant cultivation device with a three-stage structure consisting of an upper frame, an intermediate frame, and a lower box was installed in a vinyl house, and the Hyponex stock solution was diluted 500 times to form a liquid fertilizer tank for the intermediate and lower boxes. Supplied. Further, the diluted liquid fertilizer was also supplied to the medium filled in the cultivation tank of the upper frame described later through the liquid fertilizer supply pipe inserted into the upper frame.

  The cultivation tanks of the upper frame, the intermediate frame and the lower box are filled with a commercially available medium having an average particle size of 4 mm as a medium, and a perforation hole having a depth of about 2 cm is provided, and a radish commercially available as a root vegetable (variety name: 4 to 5 seeds of salad radish and Tohoku Co., Ltd. were directly sown per one perforated hole. The spacing between the drill holes was about 25 cm. About 4 to 5 days after sowing, the seeds of the salad radish were germinated and thinned appropriately as the radish grew. After culturing for about 3 months, it was confirmed that the diameter of the roots exceeded 7 cm, and the radish was harvested. The harvested radish is shown in FIG. During the cultivation period, liquid fertilizer supplied through the liquid fertilizer tank and the liquid fertilizer supply pipe was replenished each time. The minimum temperature in the greenhouse during the cultivation period was 5.6 ° C to 17.8 ° C, and the maximum temperature was 36.0 ° C to 41.3 ° C.

  The total length of the harvested salad radish from the so-called "neck" portion to the "tail" portion at the tip was 70 cm, and the length of the edible portion excluding the "tail" was 51 cm. In the edible portion excluding the “tail”, the length of the upper hypocotyl portion was 26 cm, and the length of the true root portion was 25 cm.

  As described above, it was confirmed that by using the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to easily and stably grow root vegetables having a size comparable to that when cultivated in an outdoor field.

1, 1a Plant cultivation device 1b, 1c Plant cultivation facility 2 Upper frame 21, 21 Frame plate 23 Cultivation tank 24 Locking piece 25 Fitting step 26 Slit 27 Partition plate 3 Lower box 31 Longitudinal side wall 32 Partition wall 32a slit 33 liquid fertilizer tank 34 cultivation tank 34a bottom plate 34b partition plate 35 lateral side wall 35a side wall through hole 36 lower box body through hole 37 opening / closing plug 38 liquid fertilizer supply section 38a water absorber 39 fitting section 4 liquid fertilizer 5 medium 5a compost 6 Water level measuring device 7 Connecting pipe 8 Intermediate frame 81 Longitudinal side wall 81a Fitting part 81b Fitting step part 82 Partition wall 83 Liquid fertilizer tank 83a Bottom plate 84 Cultivation tank 85 Short side wall 86 Intermediate frame body through hole 87 Opening plug 88 Liquid Fertilizer Supply Section 88a Water Absorber 9 Liquid Fertilizer Mixing Tank 10 Water Level Adjusting Tank 11 Liquid Fertilizer Feeding Pipe 12 Stop Valve 13 Work Table 14 Ball Tap H Heat pipe Hp Hot water pump P Plant G Ground

Claims (11)

With an upper frame and a lower box,
The upper frame has a four-sided frame plate made of foamed resin, constitutes a cultivation tank as an internal space surrounded by this frame plate, in the vicinity of the bottom of the frame plate in the longitudinal direction, the cultivation tank side While the locking piece is extended inward from one surface over the entire length of the frame plate, a fitting step is formed on the lower surface of the frame plate on four sides,
The lower box body is a box body made of foamed resin having an upper surface lacking, and has four side walls together with a bottom plate, and in an internal space surrounded by the side walls, it is erected substantially parallel to the longitudinal side walls. By the partition wall, a liquid fertilizer tank capable of storing liquid fertilizer and a cultivation tank capable of filling a medium are partitioned, and in the vicinity of the bottom of the liquid fertilizer tank, in the vicinity of the bottom of the lateral wall in the lateral direction of the lower box body. The lower box body through hole communicating with the liquid fertilizer tank and an opening / closing plug for opening and closing the lower box body through hole are provided, and a liquid fertilizer supply section is provided on an upper surface of the partition wall, and the lower box is provided. The upper surface of the body is provided with a fitting portion capable of fitting with the fitting step portion of the adjacent upper frame body,
The liquid fertilizer is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank in which the lower box body through hole is sealed by the opening / closing plug, and the fitting portion of the lower box body in which the culture medium is filled in the cultivation tank, and the upper frame body. In the fitting step of, the upper frame body and the lower box body can be connected and stacked in the vertical direction,
The liquid fertilizer can be supplied from the liquid fertilizer tank sealed by the locking piece to the cultivation tank through the liquid fertilizer supply section of the partition wall. In addition to the upper frame body and the lower box body, an intermediate frame body having a shape lacking the bottom plate of the cultivation box of the lower box body,
A fitting portion capable of fitting with the fitting step portion of the upper frame body is provided on an upper surface portion of the intermediate frame body, and a lower surface portion can be fitted with a fitting portion of the lower box body. Is provided with a mating step,
Liquid fertilizer is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank in which the through hole is sealed by the opening / closing plug, and the fitting portion of the lower box body in which the culture tank is filled with the medium, and the fitting step portion of the intermediate frame body In the above, the intermediate frame body and the lower box body can be vertically connected and stacked,
Liquid fertilizer is stored in the liquid fertilizer tank whose through hole is sealed by the opening / closing plug, and the fitting portion of the intermediate frame body in which the culture tank is filled with the medium, and the fitting step portion of the upper frame body. The intermediate frame body and the upper frame body can be vertically connected and stacked,
The plant fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the liquid fertilizer can be supplied to the cultivation tank from the liquid fertilizer tank sealed by the locking pieces through the liquid fertilizer supply unit of the partition wall. Plant cultivation equipment.   In the upper frame body, an upper frame body through hole is provided in a thickness direction of a pair of frame plates in the longitudinal direction, and a liquid fertilizer supply pipe is inserted into the upper frame body through hole. The plant cultivation device according to claim 1 or 2.   The water level measuring device is penetrated by the said lower box body through-hole, The plant cultivation apparatus as described in any one of Claim 1 to 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The water level measuring device is penetrated by the said intermediate frame body through-hole, The plant cultivation apparatus as described in any one of Claim 2 to 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The plant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a connection pipe is inserted through the lower box body through hole, and another lower box body can be horizontally connected via the connection pipe. Cultivation equipment.   The plant cultivation device according to claim 2 or 5, wherein a connection pipe is inserted through the intermediate frame through hole, and another intermediate frame can be connected in the horizontal direction through the connection pipe.   The plant cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein the plant is a root vegetable. The plant cultivation method using the plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, comprising the following steps.
<1> A step of installing the lower box on the ground or floor, supplying liquid fertilizer to the liquid fertilizer tank, and filling the culture tank with a medium;
<2> The locking piece of the upper frame is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank of the lower box, and the fitting portion provided on the upper surface of the lower box and the upper frame A step of fitting the fitting stepped portion provided on the lower surface of the body and connecting them in the vertical direction;
<3> A step of filling a culture medium in a cultivation tank surrounded by the frame plate of the upper frame and sowing seeds of the plant or transplanting seedlings of the plant. The plant cultivation method using the plant cultivation device according to claim 2, comprising the following steps.
<1> A step of installing the lower box on the ground or floor, supplying liquid fertilizer to the liquid fertilizer tank, and filling the culture tank with a medium;
<2> The bottom plate of the intermediate body is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank of the lower box body, the fitting portion provided on the upper surface portion of the lower box body, and the lower surface of the intermediate frame body. A step of fitting and fitting the fitting stepped portion provided in the section to the vertical direction;
<3> A step of supplying liquid fertilizer to the liquid fertilizer tank of the intermediate frame and filling the culture tank with the medium;
<4> The locking piece of the upper frame is placed so as to seal the liquid fertilizer tank of the intermediate frame, and the fitting portion provided on the upper surface of the intermediate frame and the upper frame A step of fitting the fitting stepped portion provided on the lower surface of the body and connecting them in the vertical direction;
<5> A cultivation tank surrounded by the frame plate of the upper frame body is filled with a medium, and stored in the liquid fertilizer tank through a liquid fertilizer supply section provided on the upper surfaces of the partition walls of the lower box body and the intermediate frame body. A step of supplying the liquid fertilizer to the medium filled in the cultivation tanks of the upper frame, the intermediate frame and the lower box, and sowing the seeds of the plant or transplanting the seedlings of the plant. The plant cultivation method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the plant is a root vegetable.