JP2019519646A - 微孔性フィルムおよびそれから作製された物品 - Google Patents
微孔性フィルムおよびそれから作製された物品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019519646A JP2019519646A JP2018564764A JP2018564764A JP2019519646A JP 2019519646 A JP2019519646 A JP 2019519646A JP 2018564764 A JP2018564764 A JP 2018564764A JP 2018564764 A JP2018564764 A JP 2018564764A JP 2019519646 A JP2019519646 A JP 2019519646A
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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Abstract
Description
ラミネートも本明細書に記載されている。ラミネートは、本明細書で前述したような微孔性フィルムと、フィルムに少なくとも部分的に結合された不織基材とを備える。本明細書において使用される場合、「不織基材」は、不織ウェブ、不織布、および個々の繊維または糸が間に置かれるが規則的または反復的な様式ではない任意の不織構造を含む。本明細書に記載の不織基材は、例えば、エアレイド法、メルトブロー法、スパンボンド法、ボンディングされたカードウェブ法を含むカーディング法等の様々な方法によって形成することができる。
本明細書には、物品も記載される。物品は、本明細書において前述したフィルムまたはラミネートを備える。いくつかの実施形態において、通気性バックシートは、本明細書で前述したような微孔性フィルムを備える。他の実施形態において、通気性バックシートは、ラミネートを備える。物品は、様々な衛生および医療用途に使用することができる。いくつかの実施形態において、物品は、おむつ、トレーニングパンツ、および大人用失禁用品、または他の同様の吸収性衣類用品を含むことができる。他の実施形態において、物品は、医療用ドレープ、ガウン、および外科用スーツを含むことができ、または他の布地(織物または不織物)物品を含むことができる。
密度
密度:密度測定のための試料は、ASTM D1928に従って調製される。ポリマー試料を、190℃および30,000psi(207MPa)で3分間、次いで21℃および207MPaで1分間圧縮する。測定は、ASTM D792、方法Bを使用して、試料の圧縮から1時間以内に行う。
メルトインデックス(I2)は、ASTM D−1238、手順B(条件190℃/2.16kg)に従って測定することができる。
水銀ポロシメトリー分析は、Micromeritics Autopore IV 9520で行った。水銀分析の前に、試料を真空下、室温で機械的に脱ガスし、試料の表面から物理吸着した種(すなわち水分)を除去した。
本明細書において使用されるGPC技術(従来のGPCおよび光散乱GPC)では、トリプル検出器ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(3D−GPCまたはTDGPC)システムを使用した。このシステムは、Precision Detectors(Now Agilent Technologies)の2角レーザー光散乱(LS)検出器Model 2040、IR5赤外線検出器、およびPolymerCharからの4毛細管粘度計検出器を備えたPolymerChar(バレンシア、スペイン)GPC−IR高温クロマトグラフィーで構成された。データ収集は、PolymerChar「Instrument Control」ソフトウェアを用いて行った。このシステムは、Agilent Technologies(CA、USA)のオンライン溶媒脱気装置も装備していた。
従来のGPCでは、IR5検出器(「測定センサ」)を使用し、GPCカラムセットは、21の狭い分子量分布のポリスチレン標準を測定することによって較正した。標準物質の分子量(MW)は580g/mol〜8,400,000g/molの範囲であり、標準物質は6種の「カクテル」混合物に含まれていた。各標準混合物は、個々の分子量間で少なくとも10個の分離を有していた。標準混合物は、Polymer Laboratories(現Agilent Technologies)から購入した。ポリスチレン標準は、1,000,000g/mol以上の分子量について「50ミリリットルの溶媒中0.025グラム」、および1,000,000g/mol未満の分子量について「50ミリリットルの溶媒中0.05グラム」で調製された。ポリスチレン標準を、30分間穏やかに撹拌しながら80℃で溶解させた。狭い標準混合物を最初に、分解を最小限に抑えるために最高分子量成分を減少させる順序で測定した。ポリスチレン標準ピーク分子量を、式1を用いてポリエチレン分子量に変換した(Williams and Ward,J.Polym.Sci.,Polym.Letters、6、621(1968)に記載の通り):
MWPE=A×(MWPS)B (式1)
式中、MWは、示されるようにポリエチレン(PE)またはポリスチレン(PS)の分子量であり、Bは1.0に等しい。A値が標準基準材料(SRM)1475aについて52,000MWPEを生じるように、Aは約0.38〜約0.44の範囲であってもよいことが、当業者に知られている。分子量分布(MWDまたはMw/Mn)および関連する統計値等の分子量値を得るためのこのポリエチレン較正法の使用は、ここではWilliamsおよびWardの修正された方法として定義される。数平均分子量、重量平均分子量およびz平均分子量は、以下の式から計算される。
LS GPCには、Precision Detector PDI2040検出器Model 2040 15°角を使用した。分子量データは、Zimm(Zimm,B.H.,J.Chem.Phys.,16,1099(1948))およびKratochvil(Kratochvil,P.,Classical Light Scattering from Polymer Solutions,Elsevier,Oxford,NY(1987))によって公開されたものと合致する様式で得られた。分子量の決定において使用される全体的な注入濃度は、好適な直鎖状ポリエチレンホモポリマー、または既知の重量平均分子量のポリエチレン標準のうちの1つから誘導される、質量検出器(IR5)面積および質量検出器定数から得た。計算分子量は、以下に述べるポリエチレン標準のうちの1つ以上から誘導される光散乱定数、および0.104の屈折率濃度係数、dn/dcを用いて得られた。一般に、質量検出器応答および光散乱定数は、約50,000g/molを超える分子量を有する直鎖状標準から決定されるべきである。粘度計の較正は、製造業者によって説明される方法を使用して、または代替として標準基準材料(SRM)1475a(国立標準技術研究所(NIST)から入手可能)等の好適な線形標準の公表された値を使用して達成され得る。クロマトグラフィー濃度は、第2ウイルス係数効果(分子量に対する濃度効果)の考慮を排除するのに十分に低いと仮定される。
試料を秤量し、アルミニウム密閉(P/N 900793.901パンおよび900794.901蓋)DSCパンに密封した。試料重量は、各試料について約2〜5mgであった。オートサンプラー、50ml/分の窒素パージ、および機械的な冷却装備を用いて、TA Instruments Q2000 DSC(示差走査熱量計)(P/N 970001.901)(S/N 2000.0884)で試料を走査した。勾配試料の運転パラメータは、加熱−冷却−加熱サイクルの間、10℃/分で0℃〜200℃であった。Universal Analysis V4.7Aソフトウェアを使用して、走査を分析した。終了した走査試料はいかなる顕著な重量損失も示さなかった。
フィルムのWVTRは、ASTM D6701−01に従って、38℃および100%相対湿度(RH)でMOCON 101Kを用いて試験した。各延伸フィルム片に対して、WVTR試験のために延伸フィルムの中央領域から1つの試験片を切断した。2つの試験片を試験して、各試料の平均WVTR値を得た。MOCON 101Kの検出下限は32g/(100インチ2・日)である。「NM」は、試料のWVTRが低すぎてMOCON 101Kユニットで正確に測定できないことを意味する。
正規化WVTR=WVTR×フィルムの厚さ。
比較HDPE樹脂Cについて、反応環境に導入する前に、全ての原材料(モノマーおよびコモノマー)ならびにプロセス溶媒(狭い沸点範囲、高純度イソパラフィン溶媒)をモレキュラーシーブで精製した。水素は高純度グレードとして加圧シリンダー内に供給され、それ以上精製されなかった。反応器モノマー供給ストリームを、機械的圧縮機を介して、反応圧力より高い圧力まで加圧した。溶媒およびコモノマー供給物を、ポンプを介して反応圧力より高い圧力まで加圧した。個々の触媒成分を、精製された溶媒で手動でバッチ希釈し、反応圧力より高い圧力まで加圧した。全ての反応供給流を質量流量計で測定し、コンピュータ自動弁制御システムで独立して制御した。新鮮なコモノマー供給物(必要に応じて)を機械的に加圧し、反応器の供給ストリーム中に注入した。
Collin博士のインフレーションフィルムラインを使用して、1ミルのインフレーションフィルムを作製した。このラインは、溝付き供給ゾーンを備えた3つの25:1L/D単軸スクリュー押出機を含んでいた。単層フィルムを製造するために、同じ材料を3つの押出機に同時に供給した。スクリュー径は、内層には25mm、コア層には30mm、外層には25mmであった。環状ダイは直径60mmであり、二重リップエアリング冷却システムを使用した。ダイリップ間隙は2mmに設定され、ブローアップ比(BUR)は2.5であった。レイフラットは約23〜24cmであった。フロストライン高さは5.5インチに設定された。溶融温度および処理量を以下の表4に示す。
キャストフィルムは、本発明の樹脂1および比較HDPE樹脂Aを使用して、1.25インチKillion一軸スクリュー押出機および約30ミルのダイ間隔を有する8インチ幅キャストダイからなるフィルムキャストライン上に調製された。固体キャストフィルムを作製するために使用した温度プロファイルを、以下の表7に示す。プロセス条件を以下の表8に報告する。本発明1および比較Aフィルムは、それぞれ本発明の樹脂1および比較HDPE樹脂Aから形成された。
Claims (11)
- 0.957g/cc〜0.970g/ccの密度、0.2〜10g/10分のメルトインデックス、6.0以上の分子量分布Mw,cc/Mn,cc、および500,000g/mol以上のMz,absを有する75重量%以上の高密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含む微孔性フィルムであって、
縦方向に配向され、50gミル/(100in2・日)を超える正規化WVTRを示す、微孔性フィルム。 - 前記高密度ポリエチレン樹脂が、1×104以下の分子量を有する分子を5重量%超有する、請求項1に記載のフィルム。
- 5重量%未満の充填剤を含む、請求項1または2に記載のフィルム。
- 95重量%以上の高密度ポリエチレンを含む、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記フィルムが縦方向に冷延伸され、冷延伸の後に、前記フィルムが縦方向に熱延伸される、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記冷延伸のパーセンテージ、
- 前記冷延伸が10℃〜50℃の範囲の温度で行われる、請求項5または6に記載のフィルム。
- 前記熱延伸のパーセンテージ、
- 前記熱延伸が90℃〜110℃の範囲の温度で行われる、請求項5から8のいずれか一項に記載のフィルム。
- 前記請求項のいずれかに記載のフィルムを含む通気性バックシート。
- 微孔性フィルムの製造方法であって、
0.955g/cc〜0.970g/ccの密度、0.2〜10g/10分のメルトインデックス、6.0以上の分子量分布Mw,cc/Mn,cc、およびトリプル検出器GPCにより測定される500,000g/mol以上のMz,absを有する75重量%以上の高密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含む微孔性フィルムを提供することと;
10℃〜50℃の範囲の温度で、25%〜150%の冷延伸のパーセンテージ、
冷延伸の後に、90℃〜110℃の範囲の温度で、50%〜500%の熱延伸のパーセンテージ、
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