JP2019503429A - 多孔質材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
多孔質材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019503429A JP2019503429A JP2018556010A JP2018556010A JP2019503429A JP 2019503429 A JP2019503429 A JP 2019503429A JP 2018556010 A JP2018556010 A JP 2018556010A JP 2018556010 A JP2018556010 A JP 2018556010A JP 2019503429 A JP2019503429 A JP 2019503429A
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- -1 phosphinates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 62
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 44
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005538 phosphinite group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonous acid Chemical class OPO XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical class [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 33
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 28
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 17
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
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- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PVXVWWANJIWJOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-N-ethylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CCNC(C)CC1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 PVXVWWANJIWJOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- WVFDUZNAUQLQQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9-octahydropyrido[1,2-a][1,3]diazepine Chemical compound N1CCCCN2CCCC=C21 WVFDUZNAUQLQQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)CC1 RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tris[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC(CN(C)C)=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C1 AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GVNHOISKXMSMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[butyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCN(CCO)CCO GVNHOISKXMSMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAGGYKVXVKGZOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-(dimethylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CN(C)C(O)CN OAGGYKVXVKGZOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YSWBFLWKAIRHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dimethyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC=1N=CNC=1C YSWBFLWKAIRHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminopropylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OCC SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=O CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylimidazole Natural products CC1=CNC=N1 XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1NC2 QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OMDXZWUHIHTREC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CC(O)OCCN(C)C OMDXZWUHIHTREC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-n,n-dimethylethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCOCCN(C)C GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)O MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HQNOODJDSFSURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1h-imidazol-2-yl)propan-1-amine Chemical compound NCCCC1=NC=CN1 HQNOODJDSFSURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- YNLZKJXZEZFHDO-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2,2,2-trichloroacetate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNLZKJXZEZFHDO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CUNPJFGIODEJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F CUNPJFGIODEJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RLEFZEWKMQQZOA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O RLEFZEWKMQQZOA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WQKGAJDYBZOFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;propan-2-olate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)[O-] WQKGAJDYBZOFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCl FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- LUPNKHXLFSSUGS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,2-dichloroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(Cl)Cl LUPNKHXLFSSUGS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000352 supercritical drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009044 synergistic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethyl ether Chemical compound CCOC(C)(C)C NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxidane Chemical compound OOO JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
- C08J9/286—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum the liquid phase being a solvent for the monomers but not for the resulting macromolecular composition, i.e. macroporous or macroreticular polymers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/161—Catalysts containing two or more components to be covered by at least two of the groups C08G18/166, C08G18/18 or C08G18/22
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- C08G18/163—Catalysts containing two or more components to be covered by at least two of the groups C08G18/166, C08G18/18 or C08G18/22 covered by C08G18/18 and C08G18/22
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/166—Catalysts not provided for in the groups C08G18/18 - C08G18/26
- C08G18/168—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- C08G18/18—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof
- C08G18/1816—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof having carbocyclic groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/225—Catalysts containing metal compounds of alkali or alkaline earth metals
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2815—Monohydroxy compounds
- C08G18/282—Alkanols, cycloalkanols or arylalkanols including terpenealcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/3225—Polyamines
- C08G18/3237—Polyamines aromatic
- C08G18/3243—Polyamines aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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Abstract
【解決手段】
本発明は、多孔質材料を製造する方法であって、有機ゲルの形成に適切な成分を含む組成物(A)と溶媒(B)とを含む混合物(I)を提供する工程、その溶媒(B)の存在下でその組成物(A)中の成分を反応させてゲルを形成する工程、及び工程(b)で得られたゲルを乾燥させる工程を少なくとも含み、ここで組成物(A)が、リンと、イソシアネートに対して反応性である少なくとも1個の官能基とを含む少なくとも1つの化合物(af)を含む方法に関する。本発明はさらに、このようにして得ることができる多孔質材料に関し、また、その多孔質材料を断熱材料として使用する方法、及び真空断熱パネルにおいて、特に内部又は外部の断熱系において使用する方法、及びまた水タンク又は製氷機の断熱系において使用する方法に関する。
Description
a)混合物であって、
(i)有機ゲルの形成に適切な成分を含む組成物(A)及び
(ii)溶媒(B)
を含む混合物(I)を提供する工程、
b)溶媒(B)の存在下で組成物(A)中の成分を反応させてゲルを形成する工程、及び
c)工程b)で得られたゲルを乾燥させる工程
を少なくとも含み、
この組成物(A)が、リンと、イソシアネートに対して反応性である少なくとも1個の官能基とを含む少なくとも1つの化合物(af)を含む方法によって、解決される。
本発明の工程では、好ましくは、少なくとも1種の多官能性イソシアネートを成分(a1)として反応させる。
i)トリレンジイソシアネート(TDI)、特に2,4−TDI又は2,6−TDI、又は2,4−TDIと2,6−TDIの混合物、をベースとする多官能性イソシアネート;
ii)ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)、特に2,2‘−MDI若しくは2,4‘−MDI若しくは4,4‘−MDI若しくはポリフェニルポリメチレンイソシアネートとも称されるオリゴマーMDI、又は上述のジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートの2つ若しくは3つの混合物、又はMDIの製造の際に得られる粗製MDI、又はMDIのオリゴマーの少なくとも1種と上述の低分子量MDI誘導体の少なくとも1種との混合物、をベースとする多官能性イソシアネート;
iii)実施形態i)による芳香族イソシアネートの少なくとも1種と実施形態ii)による芳香族イソシアネートの少なくとも1種との混合物。
組成物(A)は、成分(a2)として少なくとも1種の芳香族アミンをさらに含むことができる。本発明のさらなる実施形態によれば、少なくとも1種の芳香族アミンを成分(a2)として反応させる。芳香族アミンは、単官能性アミン又は多官能性アミンである。
(a0)0.1〜30質量%の触媒系(CS)、
(a1)25〜94.9質量%の少なくとも1種の多官能性イソシアネート、及び
(a2)0.1〜30質量%の少なくとも1種の多官能性芳香族アミンであって、一般式I
(a3)0〜15質量%の水、及び
(a4)0〜29.9質量%の少なくとも1種のさらなる触媒
を含み、
該質量%は、いずれの場合も成分(a0)から(a4)の合計質量を基準とし、成分(a0)から(a4)の質量%は、合計すると100質量%であり、
成分(a0)及び(a4)の総計は、成分(a0)から(a4)の合計質量を基準として、0.1〜30質量%の範囲内である。
組成物(A)は、成分(a3)として水をさらに含むことができる。水を使用する場合、使用する水の好ましい量は、少なくとも0.01質量%、特に少なくとも0.1質量%、特に好ましくは少なくとも0.5質量%、特に少なくとも1質量%である。水を使用する場合、使用する水の好ましい量は、いずれの場合も組成物(A)の合計質量(100質量%)を基準として、最大で15質量%、特に最大で13質量%、特に好ましくは最大で11質量%、特に最大で10質量%であり、非常に特に好ましくは最大で9質量%、特に最大で8質量%である。特に好ましい実施形態では、水は使用しない。
組成物(A)は、成分(a4)として少なくとも1種のさらなる触媒をさらに含むことができる。使用する成分(a4)の量は、好ましくは少なくとも0.1質量%、特に少なくとも0.2質量%、特に好ましくは少なくとも0.5質量%、特に少なくとも1質量%である。使用する成分(a4)の量は、いずれの場合も組成物(A)の合計質量を基準として、好ましくは最大で29.9質量%、特に最大で28質量%、特に好ましくは最大で24質量%、特に最大で21質量%である。
本発明によれば、反応は溶媒(B)の存在下で起こる。
本発明の方法は少なくとも以下の工程を含む:
(a)上述のように組成物(A)と溶媒(B)とを含む混合物(I)を提供する工程、
(b)溶媒(B)の存在下で組成物(A)中の成分を反応させゲルを形成する工程、及び
(c)前の工程で得られたゲルを乾燥させる工程。
本発明によれば、組成物(A)と溶媒(B)とを含む混合物(I)が工程(a)で提供される。
本発明によれば、工程(b)において、溶媒(B)の存在下で組成物(A)の成分の反応が起こり、ゲルが形成される。この反応を実施するためには、工程(a)で提供される成分の均質な混合物をまず生成しなければならない。
本発明によれば、工程(c)で、前の工程で得られたゲルを乾燥させる。
本発明はさらに、本発明の方法で得ることができる多孔質材料を提供する。本発明の目的に関し、エアロゲルが多孔質材料として好ましい。すなわち、本発明によって得ることができる多孔質材料は、好ましくはエアロゲルである。
a)混合物であって、
(i)有機ゲルの形成に適切な成分を含む組成物(A)及び
(ii)溶媒(B)
を含む混合物(I)を提供する工程、
b)溶媒(B)の存在下で組成物(A)中の成分を反応させてゲルを形成する工程、及び
c)工程b)で得られたゲルを乾燥させる工程
を少なくとも含み、
この組成物(A)が、リンと、イソシアネートに対して反応性である少なくとも1個の官能基とを含む少なくとも1つの化合物(af)を含む方法。
1.1 熱伝導率の測定
熱伝導率は、DIN EN 12667に従い、Hesto製の熱流計(Lambda Control A50)を用いて測定した。
1つ又は複数のゲルモノリスを、25リットル容量のオートクレーブ中のサンプルトレイ上に置いた。超臨界二酸化炭素(scCO2)を充填した後、scCO2をオートクレーブに24時間流す(20kg/h)ことによって、ゲル化溶媒を除去(乾燥)した。処理圧力を120と130barの間及び処理温度を55℃に維持し、二酸化炭素の超臨界状態を維持した。処理終了時に、圧力を制御された方式で大気圧に下げ、その間、系は55℃の温度に維持した。オートクレーブを開き、得られた多孔質モノリスを取り出した。
圧縮強度及び弾性係数をDIN53421に従い10%のひずみで測定した。
成分a1:ASTM D−5155−96Aに従って測定した100g当たり30.9gのNCO含有量を有し、官能価が約3の及びDIN53018による25℃での粘度が2100mPa.sのオリゴマーMDI(Lupranat M200)(以下、「M200」とする)
成分a2:3,3’、5,5’−テトラエチル−4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン(以下「MDEA」とする)
触媒:モノエチレングリコール中に溶解したソルビン酸カリウム(5、20%)
難燃剤:Exolit OP 560
すべての実施例の熱伝導率の値を表1に示す。さらに、圧縮強度及び密度に関するデータをいくつかの実施例に含める。
ポリプロピレン容器中で、48gのM200を220gのMEK中で20℃で攪拌し、透明な溶液を得た。同様に、8gのMDEA、2gのソルビン酸カリウム溶液(MEG中5%)及び4gのブタノールを220gのMEK中に溶解し、第二の溶液を得た。双方の溶液を長方形の容器(20×20cm×高さ5cm)中で、一方の溶液を他方の溶液に注いで混ぜ合わせ、均質な低粘度の混合物を得た。容器を蓋で密閉し、混合物を室温で24時間でゲル化させた。得られたモノリシックゲルスラブを25リットル容量のオートクレーブ中でscCO2を用いた溶媒抽出によって乾燥させ、多孔質材料を得た。
ポリプロピレン容器中で、48gのM200を220gのMEK中で20℃で攪拌し、透明な溶液を得た。同様に、8gのMDEA、2gのソルビン酸カリウム溶液(MEG中5%)、2gのExolit OP 560及び4gのブタノールを220gのMEK中に溶解し、第二の溶液を得た。双方の溶液を長方形の容器(20×20cm×高さ5cm)中で、一方の溶液を他方の溶液に注いで混ぜ合わせ、均質な低粘度の混合物を得た。容器を蓋で密閉し、混合物を室温で24時間でゲル化させた。得られたモノリシックゲルスラブを25リットル容量のオートクレーブ中でscCO2を用いた溶媒抽出によって乾燥させ、多孔質材料を得た。
ポリプロピレン容器中で、48gのM200を220gのMEK中で20℃で攪拌し、透明な溶液を得た。同様に、8gのMDEA、0.28gのソルビン酸カリウム溶液(MEG中20%)及び2gのブタノールを220gのMEK中に溶解し、第二の溶液を得た。双方の溶液を長方形の容器(20×20cm×高さ5cm)中で、一方の溶液を他方の溶液に注いで混ぜ合わせ、均質な低粘度の混合物を得た。容器を蓋で密閉し、混合物を室温で24時間でゲル化させた。得られたモノリシックゲルスラブを25リットル容量のオートクレーブ中でscCO2を用いた溶媒抽出によって乾燥させ、多孔質材料を得た。
ポリプロピレン容器中で、48gのM200を220gのMEK中で20℃で攪拌し、透明な溶液を得た。同様に、8gのMDEA、2gのソルビン酸カリウム溶液(MEG中5%)、1.72gのExolit OP 560及び4gのブタノールを220gのMEK中に溶解し、第二の溶液を得た。双方の溶液を長方形の容器(20×20cm×高さ5cm)中で、一方の溶液を他方の溶液に注いで混ぜ合わせ、均質な低粘度の混合物を得た。容器を蓋で密閉し、混合物を室温で24時間でゲル化させた。得られたモノリシックゲルスラブを25リットル容量のオートクレーブ中でscCO2を用いた溶媒抽出によって乾燥させ、多孔質材料を得た。
H2O 水
K15 Dabco K15(PUR触媒)
M200 Lupranate M200(ポリイソシアネート)
MEK メチルエチルケトン
MDEA 4,4’−メチレン−ビス(2,6−ジエチルアニリン)
Claims (15)
- 多孔質材料を製造する方法であって、
a)混合物であって、
(i)有機ゲルの形成に適切な成分を含む組成物(A)及び
(ii)溶媒(B)
を含む混合物(I)を提供する工程、
b)前記溶媒(B)の存在下で前記組成物(A)中の成分を反応させてゲルを形成する工程、及び
c)工程b)で得られた前記ゲルを乾燥させる工程
を少なくとも含み、
前記組成物(A)が、リンと、イソシアネートに対して反応性である少なくとも1個の官能基とを含む少なくとも1つの化合物(af)を含む方法。 - 前記化合物(af)がリンを含む少なくとも1個の官能基を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物(af)が、ホスフェート、ホスホネート、ホスフィネート、ホスファイト、ホスホナイト、ホスフィナイト及びホスフィンオキシドからなる群から選択されるリンを含む少なくとも1個の官能基を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物(A)が、飽和又は不飽和モノカルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩及びアルカリ土類金属塩、アンモニウム塩、イオン液体塩からなる群から選択される触媒成分(C1)を少なくとも含む触媒系(CS)を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒成分(C1)が、1〜20個の炭素原子を有する飽和又は不飽和モノカルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩及びアルカリ土類金属塩、アンモニウム塩、イオン液体塩からなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒系(CS)が、触媒成分(C2)としてカルボン酸を含む請求項4又は5に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒成分(C2)が、1〜12個の炭素原子を有する飽和又は不飽和モノカルボン酸の群から選択される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物(A)が少なくとも1つのモノオール(am)を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物(A)が、成分(a1)として少なくとも1種の多官能性イソシアネート、及び成分(a2)として少なくとも1種の芳香族アミンを含み、任意に成分(a3)として水を含み、及び任意に成分(a4)として少なくとも1種のさらなる触媒を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程c)による乾燥を、ゲル中に含まれる液体の臨界温度と臨界圧力未満の温度と圧力でゲル中に含まれる液体をガス状態に変換することによって実施する、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程c)による乾燥を超臨界条件下で実施する、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得られる、又は得ることができる多孔質材料。
- 請求項12に記載の多孔質材料又は請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得られる又は得ることができる多孔質材料を断熱材料として又は真空断熱パネルのために使用する方法。
- 前記多孔質材料を内部又は外部の断熱系に使用する、請求項13に記載の使用方法。
- 前記多孔質材料を熱橋の断熱に使用する、請求項13に記載の使用方法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP16151675.2 | 2016-01-18 | ||
EP16151675 | 2016-01-18 | ||
PCT/EP2017/050947 WO2017125414A1 (en) | 2016-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | Process for producing porous materials |
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EP (1) | EP3405509B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2019503429A (ja) |
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JP2020020431A (ja) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-06 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 真空断熱体及びそれを用いた断熱容器、断熱壁 |
JP7454827B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-22 | 2024-03-25 | 旭ファイバーグラス株式会社 | 真空断熱材 |
CN113710715A (zh) | 2019-04-15 | 2021-11-26 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 一种基于整体有机气凝胶的模制品 |
EP3831869B1 (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2024-03-06 | Basf Se | Composite polystyrene foam molding with low thermal conductivity |
EP4121469A1 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2023-01-25 | aerogel-it GmbH | Thin and flexible thermal insulation material based on a monolithic organic aerogel |
CN113856572B (zh) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-06-24 | 河南省科学院化学研究所有限公司 | 一种超分子离子液体凝胶的制备方法及其在燃料油深度除硫中的应用 |
WO2023052389A1 (en) | 2021-10-01 | 2023-04-06 | Basf Se | Open-celled melamine resin foams comprising halogen-free flame retardants |
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- 2017-01-18 CN CN201780005234.7A patent/CN108473658B/zh active Active
- 2017-01-18 EP EP17702307.4A patent/EP3405509B1/en active Active
- 2017-01-18 US US16/070,413 patent/US11248101B2/en active Active
- 2017-01-18 WO PCT/EP2017/050947 patent/WO2017125414A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-01-18 JP JP2018556010A patent/JP2019503429A/ja active Pending
- 2017-01-18 KR KR1020187023625A patent/KR20180104020A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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KR20180104020A (ko) | 2018-09-19 |
US11248101B2 (en) | 2022-02-15 |
WO2017125414A1 (en) | 2017-07-27 |
CN108473658A (zh) | 2018-08-31 |
EP3405509B1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
US20190023865A1 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
EP3405509A1 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
CN108473658B (zh) | 2022-08-26 |
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