JP2019214562A - 光安定性を向上させた固形状組成物 - Google Patents
光安定性を向上させた固形状組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019214562A JP2019214562A JP2019107421A JP2019107421A JP2019214562A JP 2019214562 A JP2019214562 A JP 2019214562A JP 2019107421 A JP2019107421 A JP 2019107421A JP 2019107421 A JP2019107421 A JP 2019107421A JP 2019214562 A JP2019214562 A JP 2019214562A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- solid composition
- methylene disalicylate
- promethazine methylene
- shielding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Landscapes
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
一般用医薬品に使用される解熱鎮痛剤としては、サリチルアミドやアセトアミノフェンが挙げられる。サリチルアミドは、非ステロイド性抗炎症薬(NSAIDs)の一種であり、痛みを抑え、熱を下げる働きがある。また、アセトアミノフェンは、サリチルアミドと同様、痛みを抑え、熱を下げる働きがあり、その効果は、アスピリンに比べて、強力で、胃腸障害などは少ないといわれている。このサリチルアミドとアセトアミノフェンを適切な割合で配合することにより、鎮痛効果は増強され、毒性は拮抗的に弱められる。
また、鼻水、鼻づまり、くしゃみを抑える一般用医薬品としては、抗ヒスタミン作用のほかに、抗コリン作用を有するプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩が挙げられる。さらに、痛みを抑える働きを助ける一般用医薬品としては、無水カフェインが挙げられる。サリチルアミド、アセトアミノフェン、プロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩および無水カフェインの4成分を配合することにより、「のどの痛み」、「発熱」、「鼻水」などのかぜの諸症状にすぐれた効果を発揮することができる。
特許文献3において、ジヒドロコデインリン酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する錠剤が開示されているが、光を照射したことによって、組成物が着色したことは、開示も示唆もされていない。
(1)光安定化物質および高分子を含有する被覆層を有し、デキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩またはジヒドロコデインリン酸塩、ならびにプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する固形状組成物、
(2)120万lux・hrの光を固形状組成物に照射した場合の固形状組成物の色差ΔEが12以下である、上記(1)記載の固形状組成物、
(3)デキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩またはジヒドロコデインリン酸塩、およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する、遮光容器に充填、または、遮光包装が施された固形状組成物、
(4)120万lux・hrの光を遮光容器に充填、または、遮光包装が施された固形状組成物に照射した場合の固形状組成物の色差ΔEが12以下である、上記(3)記載の遮光容器に充填、または、遮光包装が施された固形状組成物、
(5)さらに、サリチルアミド、無水カフェインおよびアセトアミノフェンからなる群から選択される一以上を含有する、上記(1)から(4)のいずれかに記載の固形状組成物、の発明に関する。
光安定化物質としては、光を遮蔽する遮光効果のある遮光物質や光を吸収する効果のある光吸収物質がある。具体的には、食用タール色素、食用レーキ化したタール色素、食用天然色素、酸化鉄、酸化チタン、タルク等が挙げられる。好ましくは、食用赤色2号、食用赤色3号、食用赤色102号、食用赤色104号、食用赤色105号、食用赤色106号、食用黄色4号、食用黄色5号、食用緑色3号、食用青色1号、食用青色2号、食用赤色3号アルミニウムレーキ、食用黄色4号アルミニウムレーキ、食用黄色5号アルミニウムレーキ、食用青色1号アルミニウムレーキ、食用青色2号アルミニウムレーキ、カルミン、銅クロロフィリンナトリウム、銅クロロフィル、ベンガラ、三二酸化鉄、黄色三二酸化鉄、黒酸化鉄、黄酸化鉄、酸化チタン、タルク等が挙げられる。より好ましくは、遮光物質である酸化チタン、タルク、光吸収物質である三二酸化鉄、黄色三二酸化鉄、黒酸化鉄、黄酸化鉄であり、特に好ましくは遮光物質である酸化チタン、タルクである。
流動化剤として、具体的には、含水二酸化ケイ素、軽質無水ケイ酸、結晶セルロース、合成ケイ酸アルミニウム、タルク等が挙げられる。
矯味剤として、具体的には、アスパルテーム、スクラロース、グリシン、塩化ナトリウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩酸、希塩酸、クエン酸およびその塩、無水クエン酸、L−グルタミン酸およびその塩、コハク酸およびその塩、酢酸、酒石酸およびその塩、炭酸水素ナトリウム、フマル酸およびその塩、リンゴ酸およびその塩、氷酢酸、イノシン酸二ナトリウム、ハチミツ等が挙げられる。
甘味剤として、具体的には、アスパルテーム、還元麦芽糖水飴、カンゾウ、キシリトール、グリセリン、サッカリン、スクラロース、D−ソルビトール、還元麦芽糖水飴、アセスルファムカリウム、ステビア、タウマチン、アドパンテーム等が挙げられるが、好ましくはスクラロースである。
固形状組成物の色差測定試験を行うために、表1および表2の有効成分を重量比で等量混合して固形状組成物を製造し、当該固形状組成物について、色差測定試験をおこなった。
(固形状組成物の製造方法)
表1および表2の参考例、実施例、比較例の有効成分を乳鉢内で混合し(2有効成分以上の場合)、当該混合物を水―エタノール溶液で練合した後、当該練合物を10メッシュの篩でほぐし、乾燥した後、固形状組成物を製造した。固形状組成物中の有効成分は、同一重量比で混合した。
(色差測定試験)
本発明組成物を評価するにあたり、色差測定試験は、以下のようにおこなった。上記で製造した固形状組成物500mgを、直径5.5cmのガラスシャーレに量り取り、光安定性試験装置(LTL−200A−15WCD、ナガノサイエンス株式会社製)で、本発明組成物に120万lux・hrの光を照射した。分光色差計(SE6000型、日本電色工業会株式会社製)で、各固形状組成物のイニシャルを基準に,色調 (ΔE) を測定し、以下の式で算出した。ただし、Lは明度、aは色度 (+:赤色度,-:緑色度) 、bは色度 (+:黄色度,-:青色度) を示す。また,表3には、色差計による外観判定基準を示す。
ΔE = {(ΔL)2 + (Δa)2 + (Δb)2}1/2
なお、デキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩、サリチルアミド、プロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩、アセトアミノフェンおよび無水カフェイン、ジヒドロコデインリン酸塩のみの色差も測定した(参考例8〜12、19)。
固形状組成物の分光光度計による色差(ΔE)測定の結果を表4および表5に示す。その結果、参考例8のデキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩単体、参考例9のプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩単体の色差に比べ、比較例1〜4のデキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する固形状組成物の色差、参考例9のプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩単体、参考例19のジヒドロコデインリン酸塩単体の色差に比べ、比較例5〜11のジヒドロコデインリン酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する固形状組成物の色差は高いことが明らかであった。また、参考例1〜7のデキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有していない固形状組成物は、比較例1〜4のデキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する固形状組成物よりも、また、参考例13〜18のジヒドロコデインリン酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有していない固形状組成物は、比較例5〜11のジヒドロコデインリン酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する固形状組成物よりも、明らかに色差は低くなった。
したがって、デキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する固形状組成物、ジヒドロコデインリン酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する固形状組成物に対して、組成物の変色を防止する手段が必要であることが明らかとなり、(a)光安定化物質および高分子を含有する被覆層を有しない固形状組成物よりも、当該被覆層を有する固形状組成物のほうが、(b)遮光容器に充填されない、または、遮光包装を施さない固形状組成物よりも、遮光容器に充填され、または、遮光包装を施した固形状組成物のほうが、固形状組成物の色差を低減できることが明らかとなった。
(打錠前顆粒の製造方法)
デキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩をそれぞれ12gずつメノウ乳鉢に加え、混合し、水‐エタノール溶液で練合した。練合物を10メッシュの篩でほぐし、乾燥した。乾燥は、棚式通気式乾燥機を用いて、給気温度60℃で検体の水分が1%以下になるまで行った。乾燥後の顆粒を、分球して、850〜300μmの範囲の顆粒のみを打錠前顆粒とした。なお、水‐エタノール溶液は表6に従い、調製した。
表8にコーティング液の組成、表9にコーティング液の調製方法を示す。なおコーティング剤としては、ヒプロメロース:酸化チタン:タルクを3:1:1の割合(重量比)で含有するOPADRY WHITE (03A48081)を用いた。なお、コーティング剤中の光安定化物質としては、酸化チタン、タルクが含まれている。
*配合比率 ヒプロメロース:酸化チタン:タルク=3:1:1(重量比)
コーティング錠のコーティング・乾燥条件を表10に、コーティング液のスプレー条件を表11にそれぞれ示す。素錠約100錠とプラスチック錠約3000錠を仕込み,目標被覆量まで、コーティング液で被覆を行った。表12のコーティング量が異なるコーティング錠の錠剤を製造するため、コーティング時間を30、45、60、75、90および120分の際に、錠剤の抜き取りを行った。
*1:コーティング時間30、45、60、75、90および120分後に錠剤の抜き取りを行った。
色差測定試験は、以下のようにおこなった。上記製造した錠剤5錠を、直径5.5cmのガラスシャーレに入れ、光安定性試験装置(LTL−200A−15WCD、ナガノサイエンス株式会社製)で、本錠剤に120万lux・hrの光を照射した。分光色差計(SE6000型、日本電色工業会株式会社製)で、各錠剤のイニシャルを基準に,色調 (ΔE) を測定し、以下の式で算出した。ただし、Lは明度、aは色度 (+:赤色度,-:緑色度) 、bは色度 (+:黄色度,-:青色度) を示す。なお、比較例として、コーティング液を被覆しない、すなわち、被覆層を有しない錠剤(素錠)とし、同様に色差を測定した。
ΔE = {(ΔL)2 + (Δa)2 + (Δb)2}1/2
光安定化物質および高分子を含有する被覆層を有する錠剤の分光光度計による色差(ΔE)測定の結果を表12に示す。その結果、比較例12の被覆層を有しない錠剤(素錠)に比べ、錠剤の表面に被覆層を設けた被覆錠剤の色差(ΔE)は低下した。特に、1錠あたりの被覆層の被覆量が1.6mgを超えた場合、すなわち、色差が12以下となり、人の目でも着色していない程度に色差を抑えることができた。
表12の実施例1〜6、比較例12、表2の比較例5〜11の固形状組成物、打錠前顆粒を遮光し、色差測定試験をおこなった。以下、遮光した容器に充填した固形状組成物、錠剤、打錠前顆粒については「遮光あり」、遮光した容器に充填していない固形状組成物、錠剤、打錠前顆粒については「遮光なし」という場合がある、
(色差測定試験)
色差測定試験は、以下のようにおこなった。表12の実施例1〜6の錠剤5錠、比較例12の錠剤5錠、表2の比較例5〜11の固形状組成物 2g、デキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する打錠前顆粒500mgを、それぞれ直径5.5cmのガラスシャーレにいれ、そのガラスシャーレをアルミホイルで覆った後、光安定性試験装置(LTL−200A−15WCD、ナガノサイエンス株式会社製)で、本錠剤に120万lux・hrの光を照射した。分光色差計(SE6000型、日本電色工業会株式会社製)で、各固形状組成物、各錠剤のイニシャルを基準に,色調 (ΔE) を測定し、以下の式で算出した。ただし、Lは明度、aは色度 (+:赤色度,-:緑色度) 、bは色度 (+:黄色度,-:青色度) を示す。
ΔE = {(ΔL)2 + (Δa)2 + (Δb)2}1/2
遮光した容器に充填した錠剤および固形状組成物の色差測定試験の結果を、表13(錠剤)および表14(固形状組成物)に示す。その結果、遮光なしの錠剤および固形状組成物に比べ、遮光ありの錠剤および固形状組成物のほうが、明らかに色差(ΔE)が低下した。従って、遮光容器に充填せず、または、遮光包装を施さない製剤または固形状組成物よりも、遮光容器に充填され、または、遮光包装を施した製剤または固形状組成物のほうが、製剤または固形状組成物の色差を低減できることが明らかとなった。なお、打錠前顆粒については、遮光なしの色差(ΔE)は、23.62に対し、遮光ありの色差(ΔE)は、2.92であり、遮光ありの打錠前顆粒において、色差(ΔE)が低下した。
Claims (5)
- 光安定化物質および高分子を含有する被覆層を有し、デキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩またはジヒドロコデインリン酸塩、ならびにプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する固形状組成物。
- 120万lux・hrの光を固形状組成物に照射した場合の固形状組成物の色差ΔEが12以下である、請求項1記載の固形状組成物。
- デキストロメトルファン臭化水素酸塩またはジヒドロコデインリン酸塩、およびプロメタジンメチレンジサリチル酸塩を含有する、遮光容器に充填、または、遮光包装が施された固形状組成物。
- 120万lux・hrの光を遮光容器に充填、または、遮光包装が施された固形状組成物に照射した場合の固形状組成物の色差ΔEが12以下である、請求項3記載の遮光容器に充填、または、遮光包装が施された固形状組成物。
- さらに、サリチルアミド、無水カフェインおよびアセトアミノフェンからなる群から選択される一以上を含有する、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の固形状組成物。
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