JP2019189613A - 感染を制御するための材料および方法 - Google Patents
感染を制御するための材料および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019189613A JP2019189613A JP2019097364A JP2019097364A JP2019189613A JP 2019189613 A JP2019189613 A JP 2019189613A JP 2019097364 A JP2019097364 A JP 2019097364A JP 2019097364 A JP2019097364 A JP 2019097364A JP 2019189613 A JP2019189613 A JP 2019189613A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる2013年12月12日に出願した米国仮出願番号第61/915,281号の優先権を主張する。
創傷、手術部位、外科的切開、またはそうでなくとも体の感染しやすい組織の管理および処置には、(1)感染の防止、(2)機能の保存および/または回復、ならびに(3)美容的外観の保存および/または回復という三つの主要な目的が存在する。これらの目的の中で最も重要なものは、感染の防止である。感染の防止の成功は、治癒過程、ならびに機能および美容的外観を回復させかつ/または保存することができる程度に直接影響を与える。
本発明は、感染または潜在的な感染の部位に、クロルヘキシジンを含む殺菌剤を、直接的または間接的に投与することにより感染を予防または処置するための材料および方法を提供する。好ましい態様において、殺菌組成物は無菌である。
[本発明1001]
対象における部位での感染を低下させるための方法であって、該方法が1%以下の濃度でクロルヘキシジンを含む水溶液を該部位に投与する段階を含み、該部位が、
a)血液、
b)尿生殖路、
c)気道、
d)腹腔内部位、
e)眼球部位、
f)結腸、
g)洞、
h)関節内部位、
i)縦隔部位、および
j)脳脊髄部位
から選択される、前記方法。
[本発明1002]
クロルヘキシジンの濃度が約0.05%以下である、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1003]
クロルヘキシジンがクロルヘキシジングルコネートである、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1004]
前記組成物が、抗菌剤、抗ウイルス剤、真菌剤、化学療法薬剤、麻酔薬、出血を減少させる剤、および診断用剤から選択される第2の剤をさらに含む、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1005]
前記部位に吸引を適用する段階をさらに含む、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1006]
クロルヘキシジンが、クロルヘキシジンを含有する持続放出性材料を介して前記部位に投与される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1007]
前記組成物が、静脈注射を介して血液に投与される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1008]
クロルヘキシジンを含有する等張液が、該溶液が静脈注射により投与される5分前未満で調製される、本発明1007の方法。
[本発明1009]
前記組成物が、蒸気および/またはエアゾールの吸入を介して気道に投与される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1010]
前記組成物が、乳液、溶液、懸濁液、または軟膏として眼球部位に投与される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1011]
前記組成物が、鼻潅注システム、鼻洗浄、鼻潅水、または鼻うがい(neti pot)を介して洞に投与される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1012]
前記組成物が、関節内注射を介して関節内部位に投与される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1013]
前記組成物が、脳脊髄注射また脳脊髄潅注システムを介して、脳脊髄部位に投与される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1014]
前記組成物が、経口摂取用錠剤、マイクロカプセル球、ナノ粒子、時間制御送達システム、凍結ブロック、単純な(plain)水溶液、等張液、または埋め込み型の徐放性送達システムとして投与される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1015]
クロルヘキシジンがその中に組み込まれている留置医療装置。
[本発明1016]
救急絆、包帯、縫合糸、インプラント、およびカテーテルから選択される、本発明1015の装置。
[本発明1017]
クロルヘキシジンが、前記装置の表面のコーティングにより組み込まれる、本発明1015の装置。
[本発明1018]
クロルヘキシジンを含む溶液の送達に適したチューブを含み、
該チューブがクロルヘキシジン溶液を含有する容器からクロルヘキシジンを受け取るように適合され、かつ対象において手術が実施される部位にクロルヘキシジンを送達するようにさらに適合されている、
低侵襲手術のためのシステム。
[本発明1019]
本発明1015の医療装置を含む、キット。
本発明は、対象の部位で、感染の発生を予防するおよび/もしくは低下させる、または現存の感染を処置するための材料および方法を提供する。対象は、例えばヒトまたは他の動物であってもよい。
(a)約1%以下の濃度でクロルヘキシジンを含む活性剤を含む滅菌した殺菌組成物を提供する段階、および
(b)該滅菌した殺菌組成物を直接的または間接的に対象の部位に投与する段階。
本発明の一つの態様において、低濃度のクロルヘキシジンの溶液は、感染を効果的に予防または処置するために使用され得る。有利に、クロルヘキシジン含有溶液は、溶血、または血液、血液細胞、もしくは血管系への他の悪影響を生じることなく、本発明にしたがって対象に投与することができるということが見出された。さらに、本発明の手順に従って投与される場合、本発明のクロルヘキシジン含有溶液は、クロルヘキシジンの有害な吸収、全身毒性、または線維症をもたらさない。さらに、本発明の組成物は、悪影響を生じることなく、中枢神経系(CNS)の組織を含む神経系の組織に適用され得る。
クロルヘキシジンは、好気性のおよび嫌気性のグラム陽性およびグラム陰性細菌に対して活性がある。クロルヘキシジンはまたクラミジア・トラコマチス(Chlamydia trachomatis)、特定の真菌、および特定のウイルスに対して活性を有する。
本発明の方法は、クロルヘキシジン含有溶液の多くのルートによる送達と併用して使用され得る。皮膚の、腹腔内、頭蓋内、病巣内、胸腔内(手術の間)、鼻の、外耳道内、経口腸管前処置(oral bowel prep)として、胃洗浄、洗眼剤として、歯周、直腸、柔組織、皮下、および膣の経路が特に関心が高い。
本発明の一つの態様において、滅菌した殺菌組成物は、手術部位での感染を予防または処置するために、手術部位に投与される。手術部位は、例えば、関節置換術、開腹手術、脳外科手術、および口腔/歯周手術の部位を含んでもよい。
本発明の別の態様において、殺菌組成物は血管注入法により対象の血液に投与され得る。
本発明のさらなる態様において、滅菌した殺菌組成物は、尿生殖路潅注システムを介して対象の尿生殖路に投与され得る。
本発明のなおさらなる態様において、滅菌した殺菌組成物は関節内注射によって関節内部位に投与される。本発明の方法にしたがって注射され得る関節内部位は、これらに制限されるものではないが、肘、肩、手首、股関節、膝、足首、および椎骨の部位を含む。
本発明のクロルヘキシジン溶液はまた、例えば、肺炎または他の気道感染に罹患した人々による吸入のために製剤化され得る。特定の態様において、クロルヘキシジン溶液は、肺感染を生じているかもしくはこのような感染を生じるリスクのある嚢胞性線維(CF)患者による吸入のために製剤化される。特定の態様において、対象は(CF)と診断されている。
本発明の一つの態様において、殺菌組成物は、滅菌した殺菌組成物の注射、注入、または潅注により腹腔内部位などの体腔に投与される。
本発明のある他の態様において、滅菌した殺菌組成物は、クロルヘキシジンを含有する眼科用の組成物として眼球部位に投与される。該眼科用の組成物は、例えば、活性剤を含有する溶液、懸濁液、または軟膏であり得る。
別の態様において、本発明のクロルヘキシジン組成物は、急性および/または慢性創傷および火傷の処置のために使用することができる。これに関連して、クロルヘキシジンは、包帯に組み入れるか、または慢性創傷もしくは火傷部位に塗布した際に不快感を生じさせないペーストもしくはミストに製剤化することができる。
さらなる態様において、クロルヘキシジン含有組成物は、乳房再建術の部位に生じ得るような皮下感染を処置するために注射され得る。有利に、このような感染は、さらなる侵襲的手技を必要とせずに、本発明にしたがって処置され得る。
本発明による組成物はまた、イヤリングおよび他のボディピアス製品、ならびに鍼灸針に組み込まれるかまたは塗布され、ボディピアスおよび鍼に関連する感染の発生を低下させることができる。
さらなる態様において、本発明のクロルヘキシジン含有組成物は、消化管の疾患だけでなく咽頭炎の処置のために、経口送達用に製剤化され得る。これに関連し、本発明の組成物は、胃潰瘍および消化管炎症に関連する食中毒および細菌だけでなく、インフルエンザまたは他のウイルスを処置するために使用され得る。
本発明のさらなる態様において、滅菌した殺菌組成物は、鼻潅注システム、鼻用綿棒、鼻洗浄、鼻潅水、または鼻うがい(neti pot)を介して、洞に投与される。鼻潅注システムは、溶液、例えば活性剤の塩溶液、単純な水溶液、または等張液を使って、洞をリンスして鼻づまりを洗い流すように設計されている。鼻潅注システムの別の態様は、当業者に周知であり、このような態様は本発明の範囲内である。
本発明のある態様において、滅菌した殺菌組成物は、脳脊髄の注射また脳脊髄潅注を介して、脳脊髄部位に投与される。
さらに、クロルヘキシジンを含有する縫合糸は、対象の外科的切開または創傷を縫い合わせるために使用され得る。該縫合糸は、次に、一定期間にわたり、投与の部位にクロルヘキシジンを放出することができる。クロルヘキシジンはまた、本発明にしたがって、手術用接着剤および液体救急絆に添加され得る。
本発明のさらなる態様は、滅菌した殺菌組成物と、該滅菌した殺菌組成物を対象の部位に投与するための機器または装置とを含むキットを提供する。
Claims (19)
- 対象における部位での感染を低下させるための方法であって、該方法が1%以下の濃度でクロルヘキシジンを含む水溶液を該部位に投与する段階を含み、該部位が、
a)血液、
b)尿生殖路、
c)気道、
d)腹腔内部位、
e)眼球部位、
f)結腸、
g)洞、
h)関節内部位、
i)縦隔部位、および
j)脳脊髄部位
から選択される、前記方法。 - クロルヘキシジンの濃度が約0.05%以下である、請求項1記載の方法。
- クロルヘキシジンがクロルヘキシジングルコネートである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、抗菌剤、抗ウイルス剤、真菌剤、化学療法薬剤、麻酔薬、出血を減少させる剤、および診断用剤から選択される第2の剤をさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記部位に吸引を適用する段階をさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- クロルヘキシジンが、クロルヘキシジンを含有する持続放出性材料を介して前記部位に投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、静脈注射を介して血液に投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- クロルヘキシジンを含有する等張液が、該溶液が静脈注射により投与される5分前未満で調製される、請求項7記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、蒸気および/またはエアゾールの吸入を介して気道に投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、乳液、溶液、懸濁液、または軟膏として眼球部位に投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、鼻潅注システム、鼻洗浄、鼻潅水、または鼻うがい(neti pot)を介して洞に投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、関節内注射を介して関節内部位に投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、脳脊髄注射また脳脊髄潅注システムを介して、脳脊髄部位に投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、経口摂取用錠剤、マイクロカプセル球、ナノ粒子、時間制御送達システム、凍結ブロック、単純な(plain)水溶液、等張液、または埋め込み型の徐放性送達システムとして投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- クロルヘキシジンがその中に組み込まれている留置医療装置。
- 救急絆、包帯、縫合糸、インプラント、およびカテーテルから選択される、請求項15記載の装置。
- クロルヘキシジンが、前記装置の表面のコーティングにより組み込まれる、請求項15記載の装置。
- クロルヘキシジンを含む溶液の送達に適したチューブを含み、
該チューブがクロルヘキシジン溶液を含有する容器からクロルヘキシジンを受け取るように適合され、かつ対象において手術が実施される部位にクロルヘキシジンを送達するようにさらに適合されている、
低侵襲手術のためのシステム。 - 請求項15記載の医療装置を含む、キット。
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