CN111278476B - 用作导管封管液的4%柠檬酸三钠溶液 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本文中提供了具有抗凝结和抗微生物性质的导管封管液,该导管封管液包含柠檬酸盐。该柠檬酸盐可以为柠檬酸三钠,和该导管封管液可以另外包含稀酸以调节导管封管液的pH。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年9月22日提交的美国临时申请号62/561,859的优先权,将其内容通过引用以其整体并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及将导管维持在基本上没有血液和凝块的条件下。更特别地,本发明涉及柠檬酸盐的溶液防止反流和维持导管腔中的通畅性的用途。
背景技术
可以将导管,特别是静脉(IV)导管用于将流体如药物的输注至患者体内或从患者体内取出流体如血液。导管可以包括管腔或储存器,其含有待注射至患者体内或从患者体内取出的流体或药物。在某些构造中,注射端口可以提供有导管。
与导管相关的并发症包括血栓形成、感染和凝固。由于与管腔内或导管末端处的纤维蛋白鞘形成有关的血栓形成并发症,经常会发生导管阻塞。纤维蛋白鞘的形成可能允许细菌粘附至导管腔的内部,并充当导管相关感染的场所。
为了减少与凝固和血栓形成相关的问题,通常在连续使用之间将“封锁”血管内进入导管。封锁典型地涉及首先用盐水冲洗导管,以将血液和其它物质从导管腔中去除。在已冲洗导管之后,然后注射抗凝固溶液(典型地为肝素)以置换盐水和填充管腔。肝素封管溶液防止血液进入管腔,和主动抑制管腔内的凝固和血栓形成。
在每次使用之后立即将肝素封管液输注至导管腔中,并且留在导管内,直到再次接入导管。在下次使用之前必须从导管中取出肝素封管液,以使肝素不被引入患者体内。在一些情况下,肝素封管液按每个导管腔计包含最多10,000单位的肝素。将该量的肝素输注至患者中可能导致大量出血。
然而,即使使用传统的肝素封管液,在使用之间由于导管内血液的凝结,导管也可能被阻塞。因为导管腔内输注的肝素体积不足,肝素封管液从管腔扩散或残留的血液留在管腔内,所以导管内可能存在血液。这可能导致血栓的形成,伴随着通畅性损失和流经导管腔的流量减少。
仍然需要可以提供持久的作用、增加的安全性并且在导管使用之间不需要额外应用的导管封管液。
发明内容
因此,本文中提供了导管封管液,其包含柠檬酸盐。在各个方面中,柠檬酸盐为柠檬酸钠盐。在另外的方面中,柠檬酸盐为柠檬酸三钠。
在各个方面中,导管封管液另外包含酸。在各个方面中,该酸为稀酸。在一些方面中,该稀酸为稀盐酸(HCl)。
在各个方面中,导管封管液以介于约3.8%与4.2%w/v之间的量包含柠檬酸盐。
在各个方面中,封管液以介于约0%与约0.7%v/v之间的量包含该酸。
在某些方面中,导管封管液包含4%w/v的柠檬酸三钠、注射用水(WFI)和0.7%v/v的10%HCl。
在某些方面中,导管封管液不含具有抗凝结或抗微生物活性的任何另外的组分。
本文中还提供了制备导管封管液的方法。该方法包括下述步骤:将柠檬酸盐,优选柠檬酸三钠溶于WFI中,和添加稀酸,优选10%HCl,直至导管封管液的pH为介于约6.4与约7.5之间。
本文中还提供了导管封管液,其仅包含柠檬酸三钠、注射用水(WFI)和10%HCl。
在各个方面中,导管封管液。权利要求11的导管封管液,其中封管液仅包含介于约3.8%与约4.2%w/v之间的柠檬酸三钠,WFI,和介于约0%与约0.7%v/v之间的10%HCl,和具有介于约6.4与约7.5之间的pH。
本文中还提供了制备导管封管液的方法。该方法进包括下述步骤:将柠檬酸三钠溶于WFI中,和添加10%HCl,直至导管封管液的pH为介于约6.4与约7.5之间。
本文中还提供了导管封管液,其仅包含约4%w/v的柠檬酸三钠、注射用水(WFI)和约0.7%v/v的10%HCl,该导管封管液具有约7的pH。
本文中还提供了预填充的注射器,其包括含有如本文中描述的导管封管液的注射器。
本文中还提供了导管,其包括限定穿过其中的管腔的管,管腔的至少一部分输注有如本文中描述的导管封管液。
本文中还提供了在导管中抑制凝结和微生物活性的方法,包括下述步骤:提供包括限定穿过其中的管腔的管的导管,和将本文中描述的导管封管液输注至管腔的至少一部分中。
附图说明
图1是包括根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的导管封管液的预填充的注射器的纵向横截面。
图2是根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的封管液的反流结果的图形描述。
图3是经历了加速老化的根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的样品的ACT结果的散点图的图形描述。
图4是经历了实时老化的根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的样品的ACT结果的散点图的图形描述。
图5是经历了加速老化的根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的3mL注射器组的单独的柠檬酸钠浓度数据和95%置信区间数据的图形描述。
图6是经历了加速老化的根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的5mL注射器组的单独的柠檬酸钠浓度数据和95%置信区间数据的图形描述。
图7是经历了实时老化的根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的3mL注射器组的单独的柠檬酸钠浓度数据和95%置信区间数据的图形描述。
图8是经历了实时老化的根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的5mL注射器组的单独的柠檬酸钠浓度数据和95%置信区间数据的图形描述。
图9是经历了加速老化的根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的3mL注射器组的单独的pH数据和95%置信区间数据的图形描述。
图10是经历了加速老化的根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的5mL注射器组的单独的pH数据和95%置信区间数据的图形描述。
图11是经历了实时老化的根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的3mL注射器组的单独的pH数据和95%置信区间数据的图形描述。
图12是经历了实时老化的根据本文中描述的封管液的一个方面的5mL注射器组的单独的pH数据和95%置信区间数据的图形描述。
具体实施方式
以下描述提供来使本领域技术人员能够制造和使用预期用于进行本发明的所描述的方面。然而,各种变型、等价物、变化和替代将对于本领域技术人员而言保持显而易见。任意和所有这样的变型、等价物、变化和替代旨在落入本发明的精神和范围内。
本文中提供了包括柠檬酸盐、溶剂和稀酸的导管封管液。本文中描述的封管液为导管提供通畅性并且显示出抗凝结和抗生素活性。不欲受制于理论,相信柠檬酸盐通过螯合血液中的钙(Ca2+)离子起抗凝结的作用。钙离子是凝结因子V和VII正常运作所必需的,凝结因子V和VII在凝血级联中形成酶(tenase)和凝结酶原酶复合物。通过螯合钙离子,阻断了级联并且抑制了凝结。
本文中描述的封管液和预填充的注射器还使注射器诱导的血液到植入的导管中的反流最小化。本文中描述的封管液提供了与典型的基于肝素的封管相比明显的有利之处,因为可以避免与使用肝素相关的不良事件,如肝素诱导的血小板减少症,全身性出血并发症和测定干扰。另外,基于柠檬酸盐的封管提供了与基于肝素的溶液相比明显的成本和时间节约。如本文中描述的封管液还提供了关于稳定的保质期的有利之处,如从制造的时间开始至少两年。此外,使用预填充的注射器节约了时间,改进了产品及其交付的无菌性和因此的安全性,并且消除了在手工填充期间可能出现污染的可能性。
如本文中所使用,术语“封管液”或“封管溶液”是指注射或以其它方式输注至导管的管腔中的溶液,其目的在于允许大部分溶液保留在管腔中直至期望或需要其进入或重新进入管腔,典型地用于另外的治疗或保养。另外的治疗可以包括例如将流体输注至导管的管腔中或将流体从导管的管腔中取出。可以将封管溶液放入导管中以提供短期或长期的的保护。优选地,封管液可以在管腔中保留持续约一周的期望的时间,和在各个方面中,长达约一个月。然而,封管液可以每天更换,如在定期护理或导管的无菌维护期间。可以通过从导管腔中抽出封管液,和用导管内的新的导管封管液将导管封闭期望的时间而更换或刷新导管。使用本文中描述的封管液可以延长导管的寿命,延长封管液的需要更换之间的间隔,和/或在患者中抑制感染。
本文中使用的术语“导管”是指限定穿过其中的管腔的管,其可以插入到身体的一部分中或提供来与身体或其它生物培养物连通以向其递送流体或从中去除流体。在各个方面中,可以将本文中描述的导管封管液用于在导管如软导管或硬导管中提供抗凝结活性(抑制凝结)和抗微生物活性。
如本文中所使用,术语“抗凝结活性”是指抑制或防止血液凝结。
如本文中所使用,术语“抗微生物活性”是指破坏、抑制或防止不希望的微生物,如需氧和厌氧革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌、波状细菌(undulating bacteria)、螺旋体(spirochetes)、孢子、形成孢子的微生物、酵母、真菌、霉菌、病毒、需氧生物、厌氧生物和分枝杆菌的增殖、生长或繁殖。
可以将如本文中描述的导管封管液用于抑制微生物活性和放置到身体的特定部分中的导管的凝结,以允许例如在导尿时从膀胱排出尿液;排出流体收集物;注射静脉流体,药物或产前营养物;血管成形术;血管造影术;球囊造孔术;和直接测量动脉或静脉中的血压。尽管可以将如本文中描述的导管封管液用于抑制任意导管的微生物活性和凝结,但是也可以将导管封管液用于抑制这样的导管的微生物活性和凝结,所述导管例如用于依赖于单独的抽取和返回植入静脉中以允许体外处理血液的导管的血液透析和血液滤过或用于腹膜透析,这依赖植入腹膜中的单个导管以允许引入和取出透析液以允许原位透析。
通过防止导管的管腔内的凝结,如本文中描述的柠檬酸盐封管液保持导管内的通畅性。如本文中所使用,术语“通畅性”是指导管是开放的或未被例如导管的管腔内的凝块或纤维蛋白鞘阻塞。
如上文所描述,封管液包括柠檬酸盐。如本文中所使用,术语“柠檬酸盐”是指柠檬酸的盐。柠檬酸是具有式C6H8O7的三羧酸并且被认为是弱酸。用于本文中描述的封管液中的合适的柠檬酸盐的实例为钠盐和钾盐。在各个方面中,柠檬酸盐为柠檬酸一钠、柠檬酸二钠或柠檬酸三钠。在特别的方面中,柠檬酸盐为柠檬酸三钠。在一些方面中,柠檬酸三钠为柠檬酸三钠二水合物,这是可以溶于溶剂中的柠檬酸三钠的粉末形式。
如上文所描述,相信柠檬酸三钠通过螯合血液中的钙(Ca2+)离子,中断凝血级联而起抗凝结的作用。作为封管液,柠檬酸三钠以两种途径起作用,以维持导管通畅性。首先,封管液的物理存在防止了血液从患者反流至导管腔中,降低了管腔的凝固或阻塞的风险。其次,在一定程度上任何血液确实反流至导管腔中,通过中断凝血级联,柠檬酸三钠防止了导管腔中以及导管尖端处的凝固。
封管液包括柠檬酸盐溶于其中的溶剂。溶剂可以为任意生物相容的溶剂。在各个方面中,溶剂为注射用水(WFI)。在各个方面中,柠檬酸盐以介于约3.8%与约4.2%重量/体积(w/v)的质量/体积浓度包括在溶剂中,包括介于其间的所有子范围和值。如本文中所使用,术语“约”是指所述值的±10%的差异。在各个方面中,通过将柠檬酸三钠二水合物以约4%(w/v)的在WFI中的质量/体积溶解而制成封管液。
封管液还包括稀酸,以调节溶液的pH。稀酸可以为任意生物相容的有机或无机酸。在各个方面中,稀酸为10%盐酸(HCl)。在各个方面中,封管液包括介于约0与约0.7%v/v之间的稀酸,包括介于其间的所有子范围和值。在各个方面中,封管液包括介于约0与约0.7%v/v之间的10%HCl。然而,本领域技术人员将会理解,可以调节稀酸的量以达到介于约6.4与约7.5之间的封管液的优选pH。
在本文中描述的封管液的特定方面中,溶液包括介于约3.8%与约4.2%w/v之间的在WFI中的柠檬酸三钠,和封管液具有介于约6.4与约7.5之间的pH,并且在一些方面中介于约6.54与约7.25之间,包括介于其间的所有子范围。在一些方面中,封管液的pH在制备预填充的注射器期间递送至注射器时为介于约6.57与约7.16之间,包括介于其间的所有子范围。在一些方面中,封管液的pH在制备预填充的注射器期间递送至注射器时为约6.87。
在各个方面中,介于约0与约0.7%v/v之间的10%HCl包括在封管液中。在一些方面中,封管液包括约4%w/v的在WFI中的柠檬酸三钠二水合物,和充分稀释的(例如10%)HCl,以提供具有约6.9的pH的封管液。在另外的方面中,封管液包括柠檬酸三钠、WFI和任选的HCl,以提供需要的pH,和不包括另外的抗凝结或抗微生物添加剂。在各个方面中,导管封管液不含赋形剂。在以下方面中,导管封管液不含醇、甘油、聚乙二醇、柠檬酸和/或聚山梨酯。在各个方面中,导管封管液不含除柠檬酸盐、WFI和任选的HCl以外的任何组分。
本文中还提供了含有如上文描述的封管液的输注装置。在各个方面中,输注装置为包括如上文描述的封管液的预填充的注射器。在各个方面中,预填充的注射器包括远端、近端和限定储存期的介于其间的筒。预填充的注射器包括在近端的柱塞和在远端的连接器,该连接器构造成连接到导管,其它无针连接器,Y形位置等。在各个方面中,在预填充的注射器的远端处的连接器是凸鲁尔(luer)连接器或凹鲁尔连接器。参考图1,示出了如上文描述的含有导管封管液20的预填充的注射器10。预填充的注射器包括筒12,柱塞杆14,塞子16和鲁尔连接器18。在一些方面中,预填充的注射器由聚丙烯形成。在特定方面中,筒12,柱塞杆14和顶端盖(未示出)的一个或更多个由聚丙烯形成。在各个方面中,预填充的注射器的塞子16是弹性塞子。
在各个方面中,将预填充的注射器10设计或构造成在用如本文中描述的封管液冲洗完成时减少或防止血液反流至导管中的情况。在各个方面中,将预填充的注射器构造成使得柱塞杆14比典型的柱塞杆短,从而基本上或完全防止在输注封管液20之后塞子16的压缩。在其它方面中,将塞子16设计或构造成使得塞子的鼻部与筒的邻近鲁尔接头18的远端接触,并阻塞开口,防止真空以及因此的血液至导管中的反流。
本文中还提供了将导管封管的方法,其包括将上文描述的封管液输注至导管腔中的步骤。在各个方面中,该方法另外包括在输注封管液之前冲洗导管腔的步骤。
在各个方面中,该方法包括以下步骤:提供具有内表面和外表面的导管和向内表面的至少一部分中输注导管封管溶液。优选地,将封管溶液输注至内表面中,从而基本上填充内表面。可以用本文中描述的导管封管溶液填充的导管的内表面的非限制性实例包括管腔、相关的管线、柱塞、盖和扩展套件。能够用本文中描述的导管封管溶液涂布或填充的其它装置包括血管通路装置以及无针通路装置的内管腔。可以通过本领域技术人员熟知的任意常规方法如浸、喷或注射来输注封管溶液,例如和不受限制地,使用如本文中描述的预填充的注射器。
当将上文描述的封管液输注至导管的内表面中时,可以注射足够量的封管液,以填充或基本上填充导管的内部体积/空间,以及任意连接的通路装置的任意相邻表面或管腔。替代地,可以将小于填充导管所需要的流体量的体积输注至内表面中。例如可以将足够量的封管液输注至导管中,以填充例如导管的内部体积的80%至250%,包括介于其间的所有子范围和百分比。在又一方面中,可以输注大于导管的内部体积的量。例如,可以将大于导管的内部体积的量的封管液输注至管腔中。不同于基于肝素的封管液,可以利用该溢流而不负面地影响患者的凝固系统。可以将封管液输注或冲洗至导管中介于1与1000次之间,包括介于其间的所有子范围和值。
如上文所描述,将导管封管的方法有效地防止血液从患者反流至向其中输注或引入封管液的导管的管腔中。另外,封管液减少了凝块形成的出现或防止了凝块形成,保持导管通畅性。
本文中还提供了制备上文描述的导管封管液的方法。导管封管溶液可以采用在室温简单混合上述组分来制备,以提供抗凝结和抗微生物活性。在其它方面中,以批量制备溶液并且将其装载至注射器中,以制备可以分配和储存直至需要时的预填充的注射器。
本文中还提供了包括限定穿过其中的管腔的管的导管,所述管腔在插入患者体内之前预填充有上文描述的导管封管溶液。
实施例
实施例1
对本文中描述的封管液的样品进行体外测试。简而言之,制备预填充有在6.9的pH配混的无菌的4%柠檬酸钠的5mL注射器。采用4FR单管腔导管(Bard,Covington GA)测试635个样品的反流,和结果呈现于图2中。可以看出,平均反流为0.0±1.4446cm。
除了上述反流测试以外,制备在6.9的pH配混的无菌的4%柠檬酸钠的另外的样品并且使这些另外的样品经历在40℃±2℃/75%RH±5%RH的加速老化和在25℃±2℃/60%RH±5%RH的实时老化。收集加速老化结果并且在0、4和6.5个月时进行分析,同时收集实时老化结果并且在6个月时进行分析。结果在下文呈现于表1和2中(以cm计的平均反流)。
表1–加速老化
表2–实时老化
如从上表可以看出,经老化的样品证明了0±0.6cm的平均反流。
实施例2
使用三批不同的柠檬酸三钠各自在6.9的pH配混实验样品。使这些样品经历在40℃±2℃/25%RH±5%RH的加速老化和在25℃±2℃/40%RH±5%RH的实时老化。4%柠檬酸钠封管液对全血的抗凝结效力使用Coagulation&Platelet Function Analyzer(Sienco Inc.,Boulder CO)来进行测定,其可以通过监控在止血期间在血液样品中出现的机械改变计算凝块形成的起始。该机构是在血液样品内上下移动的管状探针。随着样品进展至凝固的各个阶段,电子电路(换能器)检测到电阻增加。这产生一系列由微型计算机处理的电子信号。输出是凝块形成的总时间,其中血液比最初引入的粘性更大。
上述测试的结果表明,通过在封管和冲洗期间形成凝块,如本文中描述的封管液能够通过防止/减少可能由血液凝块产生的导管阻塞来维持血管通路装置如导管的通畅性。具体而言,在0、2、3、4、6和6.5个月时收集和分析加速老化结果,而在3个月和6个月时收集和分析实时老化结果(下表3和4),并与仅有肝素、盐水或血液(对照)的情况进行对比。
表3–加速老化
*=等于两年的实时老化
表4–实时老化
图3和4显示了加速老化(图3)和实时老化(图4)条件的结果的散点图。可以理解的是,结果表明,如本文中描述的封管液在产品的保质期内表现出一致的延迟的凝固开始-活化的凝固时间(ACT)(图3和4)。平均而言,ACT结果不小于204.50秒(3.41分钟)并且不大于320.58秒(5.34分钟)(以上表1和表2)。在该范围内的是10U/mL的肝素封管液(图3和4)。因此可以得出结论,如本文中所描述,柠檬酸钠封管液可以在产品的整个保质期内保持其抗凝结效力。结果还显示,与肝素封管液相比,该溶液证明了相当的抗凝结作用并且维持的导管通畅性,而没有使用肝素的负面效果,如肝素诱导的血小板减少、出血风险和全身性抗凝结。通过对柠檬酸钠封管液和10U/mL肝素封管液的ACT结果进行一般线性模型分析,进一步证实了这一点。下表5中呈现的分析显示,4%柠檬酸钠溶液的抗凝结效力与10U/mL预填充的肝素产品的抗凝效果相当(p值为0.752,无显著差异)。
表5–柠檬酸盐与肝素相比的ACT的一般线性模型
源 | DF | Adj平方和 | Adj均方 | F值 | P值 |
血液组 | 17 | 348440 | 20496.4 | 0.86 | 0.618 |
溶液类型 | 1 | 2230 | 2230.0 | 0.10 | 0.752 |
血液组*溶液类型 | 17 | 404073 | 23769.0 | 25.82 | 0.000 |
误差 | 540 | 497142 | 920.6 | ||
总和 | 575 | 1263984 |
最后,结果证明,柠檬酸钠封管液与盐水相比,使凝块的开始时间延迟得更久(图3和4)。平均而言,盐水的ACT结果不大于135.42秒(2.26分钟),相比之下4%的柠檬酸钠封管液不小于204.50秒(3.41分钟)并且最多至320.58秒(5.34分钟)(以上表3和4)。
实施例3
如本文中描述,柠檬酸钠封管液证明了优异的稳定性,并且相信具有自制造之日起2年的保证保质期。为了测试这一点,使用3个不同的盐批次在6.8至7.0的pH范围配混5批3mL和5mL实验样品,以评价4%柠檬酸钠封管液的浓度和pH。如上所述,这些样品经历在40℃±2℃/25%RH±5%RH的加速老化和在25℃±2℃/40%RH±5%RH的实时老化。在0、2、3、4、6和6.5个月时收集和分析加速老化结果,而在3和6个月时收集和分析实时老化结果。表6和表7(下文)呈现了柠檬酸钠浓度的结果,以及表8和9(也在下文)给出了pH的结果。
表6–加速老化,柠檬酸钠浓度(w/v%)
表7–实时老化,柠檬酸钠浓度(w/v%)
表8–加速老化,pH
表9–实时老化,pH
图5-12显示了来自上表的选择数据的散点图。图5、6、9和10显示了加速老化条件的数据(图5和图6显示了柠檬酸钠浓度,图9和图10显示了pH),以及图7、8、11和12显示了实时老化条件的数据(图7和8显示了柠檬酸钠浓度,图11和12显示了pH)。
如数据所示,在整个两年的等效时间点(3mL注射器为6.01个月,5mL注射器为5.04个月)及以后(6.5个月),这5批的结果证明溶液浓度和pH分别在抗凝结4%柠檬酸钠,3.8-4.2%w/v(图5-8)和pH 6.4-7.5(图9-12)的相应USP38-NF33规格间隔内。
虽然已根据上述详细的说明书描述了本发明,但是本领域普通技术人员将会理解,可以在本发明的精神内做出改变。因此,以上内容不应被认为是限制性的,并且本发明的范围由所附权利要求限定。
Claims (12)
1.用于血管导管的导管封管液,其包含:
3.8% w/v至4.2% w/v的柠檬酸盐;
注射用水;和
0.1%至0.7% v/v的10% HCl,
其中,所述导管封管液的pH为介于6.4与7.5之间,和
其中,所述导管封管液不含具有抗凝结或抗微生物活性的任何另外的组分,并且其中所述导管封管液不含对羟基苯甲酸酯、醇、柠檬酸和聚山梨酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的导管封管液,其中所述柠檬酸盐为柠檬酸钠盐。
3.根据权利要求1所述的导管封管液,其中所述柠檬酸盐为柠檬酸三钠。
4.根据权利要求1所述的导管封管液,其中所述柠檬酸盐包含柠檬酸三钠二水合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的导管封管液,其中所述导管封管液包含4% w/v的柠檬酸三钠、注射用水和0.7% v/v的10% HCl。
6.根据权利要求1所述的导管封管液,其中所述导管封管液不含赋形剂。
7.制备根据权利要求1所述的导管封管液的方法,由如下组成:将柠檬酸盐溶于注射用水中,和添加10% HCl,直至所述导管封管液的pH为介于6.4与7.5之间。
8.导管封管液,其由下述组成:
3.8% w/v至4.2% w/v的柠檬酸三钠;
注射用水;和
0.1% v/v至0.7% v/v的10%HCl,
其中,所述导管封管液具有介于6.4与7.5之间的pH。
9.导管封管液,其由下述组成:
4% w/v的柠檬酸三钠;
注射用水;和
0.7% v/v的10% HCl,
其中,所述导管封管液具有7的pH。
10.预填充的注射器,其包括含有根据权利要求9所述的导管封管液的注射器。
11.导管,其包括具有穿过其中的管腔的管,其中所述管腔的至少一部分输注有根据权利要求9所述的导管封管液。
12.在导管中抑制凝结和微生物活性的方法,包括:
提供导管,所述导管包括具有穿过其中的管腔的管;和
向所述导管的管腔的至少一部分中输注根据权利要求9所述的导管封管液。
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2018
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- 2018-09-21 US US16/137,946 patent/US11045589B2/en active Active
- 2018-09-21 WO PCT/US2018/052186 patent/WO2019060697A1/en unknown
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US11045589B2 (en) | 2021-06-29 |
WO2019060697A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
AU2018338194B2 (en) | 2021-07-08 |
JP7138702B2 (ja) | 2022-09-16 |
CN115990296A (zh) | 2023-04-21 |
AU2018338194A1 (en) | 2020-04-16 |
CN111278476A (zh) | 2020-06-12 |
CA3076366C (en) | 2023-05-16 |
US20190091379A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
CA3076366A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
EP3684436A1 (en) | 2020-07-29 |
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