JP2019143495A - 脱硝装置及びこれを備えた排熱回収ボイラ、ガスタービン複合発電プラント並びに脱硝方法 - Google Patents
脱硝装置及びこれを備えた排熱回収ボイラ、ガスタービン複合発電プラント並びに脱硝方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 243
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
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- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 122
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
すなわち、本開示の一態様に係る脱硝装置は、圧縮機とタービンとを有するガスタービンの前記タービンから排気ガスを導き流通させるダクトと、アンモニアガスと希釈用空気とが混合されたアンモニア混合気体を前記ダクト内に散布するアンモニア注入装置と、前記ダクト内において前記アンモニア注入装置の前記排気ガス流れの下流側に設置されて、前記排気ガスと前記アンモニア混合気体により脱硝反応を行う脱硝触媒とを備え、前記圧縮機の低圧縮部に接続され、前記圧縮機から抽気した低圧縮空気を前記希釈用空気として前記アンモニア注入装置に供給する抽気ラインを備える。
また、希釈用空気は、アンモニアガスを希釈するためのものであり、圧縮機の低圧縮部からほぼ常温の低圧縮空気を抽気すればよく、圧縮機の高圧縮部から高温の希釈用空気を抽気する必要がない。つまり、圧縮機によって高圧に圧縮した空気を希釈用空気として使用するために減圧させる必要がなく、圧縮機で高圧空気となるように仕事をした高圧空気を抽気して用いないので、エネルギ損失を低減できる。
また、発電時においては、ガスタービンの運転負荷に依らず圧縮機の回転数は一定とされるため、圧縮機の低圧縮部からアンモニア注入装置へ、抽気ラインを通じてほぼ常温かつ低圧縮の希釈用空気をほぼ一定量で安定的に供給することができる。これによって、アンモニア注入装置内の圧力はダクト内の排気ガスの圧力よりも高く維持される。したがって、ガスタービンから排出される排気ガスがアンモニア注入装置内へ流入することを抑制でき、アンモニア注入装置内における炭酸アンモニウムの発生、堆積によるアンモニア注入装置の閉塞を防止できる。
図1には、本実施形態に係る脱硝装置20を備えるガスタービン複合発電プラントの主要部が示されている。
図1に示す脱硝装置20は、排熱回収ボイラ10内部に設置され、排気ガスが脱硝触媒26を通過する構造とされており、排気ガス流れの上流側から順にアンモニア注入装置24、脱硝触媒26を備えている。
ダクト22に排気ガスが流通しているガスタービン50の運転中において、圧縮機52の低圧縮部から抽気ライン76を通じて合流部Xへほぼ常温かつ低圧縮の希釈用空気をほぼ一定量で安定的に供給することができる。これによって、アンモニア注入装置24内の圧力をダクト22内の圧力よりも高く維持され、ガスタービン50(タービン56)から排出される排気ガスがアンモニア注入装置24内へ流入することを抑制でき、アンモニア注入装置24内における炭酸アンモニウムの発生、堆積によるアンモニア注入装置24(特に、アンモニアガスが噴射されるノズル内部)の閉塞を防止できる。また、希釈用空気を供給するための専用のファンを別途に設けないので、ファンの駆動に必要な電源、動力線、制御機器などの周辺機器が不要となり、設備コストやランニングコストを削減できる。
また、希釈用空気はアンモニアガスを希釈するためだけのものであり、圧縮機52の低圧縮部からほぼ常温の空気を抽気すればよく、圧縮機52の高圧縮部から高温の空気を抽気する必要がない。つまり、圧縮機52によって高圧に圧縮した空気を希釈用空気として使用するために減圧させる必要がなく、圧縮機52で空気の圧縮に使用されるエネルギの損失を低減できる。
また、簡便な構造であるので、既存設備に対して本実施形態の脱硝装置20を容易に施工できるので、改造工事が容易にできる。
本実施形態の脱硝装置20は、前述の実施形態と比べてダンパ78を備えている点が異なり、その他の点については同様である。したがって、前述の実施形態と異なる点についてのみ説明し、その他は同一の符号を用いてその説明を省略する。
ダンパ78の開度を一定開度(固定開度)とすることでガスタービン50の運転中におけるダンパ78の開度制御が不要となり、排気ガスの流量に応じてダンパ78の開度を調整して希釈用空気の流量を調整するといった制御を行う必要がなくなる。つまり、ダンパ78の開度を一定開度に設定することで、ガスタービン50の運転中はダンパ78の開度の制御を行うことなく適量の希釈用空気を常に供給できる。即ち、ダンパ78の開度の制御を行わずに、アンモニアガスと希釈用空気との混合したアンモニア混合気体を適切にダクト22内に散布できる。
12 熱交換器
20 脱硝装置
22 ダクト
24 アンモニア注入装置
26 脱硝触媒
40 アンモニアガスライン
42 バルブ
50 ガスタービン
52 圧縮機
54 燃焼器
56 タービン
58 回転軸
70 圧縮空気供給ライン
71 燃料供給ライン
72 燃焼ガス供給ライン
74 排気ガス排出ライン
76 抽気ライン(希釈用空気ライン)
78 ダンパ
80 流量計
90 発電機
Claims (5)
- 圧縮機とタービンとを有するガスタービンの前記タービンから排気ガスを導き流通させるダクトと、
アンモニアガスと希釈用空気とが混合されたアンモニア混合気体を前記ダクト内に散布するアンモニア注入装置と、
前記ダクト内において前記アンモニア注入装置の前記排気ガス流れの下流側に設置されて、前記排気ガスと前記アンモニア混合気体により脱硝反応を行う脱硝触媒と、
を備え、
前記圧縮機の低圧縮部に接続され、前記圧縮機から抽気した低圧縮空気を前記希釈用空気として前記アンモニア注入装置に供給する抽気ラインを備える脱硝装置。 - 前記抽気ラインは、運転中において一定開度とされたダンパを備えている請求項1に記載の脱硝装置。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の脱硝装置と、
前記ダクト内に設けられた熱交換器と、
を備える排熱回収ボイラ。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の脱硝装置と、
前記ガスタービンと、
前記ガスタービンと回転連結された発電機と、
を備えるガスタービン複合発電プラント。 - 圧縮機とタービンとを有するガスタービンの前記タービンから排気ガスを導き流通させるダクトと、
アンモニアガスと希釈用空気とが混合されたアンモニア混合気体を前記ダクト内に散布するアンモニア注入装置と、
前記ダクト内において前記アンモニア注入装置の前記排気ガス流れの下流側に設置され、前記排気ガスと前記アンモニア混合気体により脱硝反応を行う脱硝触媒と、
を備えた脱硝装置の脱硝方法であって、
前記脱硝装置は、前記圧縮機の低圧縮部に接続された抽気ラインを備え、
前記抽気ラインを通じて、前記圧縮機から抽気した低圧縮空気を前記希釈用空気として前記アンモニア注入装置に供給する脱硝方法。
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US16/967,244 US11530628B2 (en) | 2018-02-16 | 2019-02-04 | Denitration device, heat recovery steam generator having the same, gas turbine combined cycle power plant and method of denitration |
CN201980012966.8A CN111727306A (zh) | 2018-02-16 | 2019-02-04 | 脱硝装置及具备该脱硝装置的废热回收锅炉、燃气轮机复合发电设备以及脱硝方法 |
KR1020207022764A KR102366079B1 (ko) | 2018-02-16 | 2019-02-04 | 탈초 장치 및 이것을 구비한 배열 회수 보일러, 가스 터빈 복합 발전 플랜트 그리고 탈초 방법 |
PCT/JP2019/003810 WO2019159734A1 (ja) | 2018-02-16 | 2019-02-04 | 脱硝装置及びこれを備えた排熱回収ボイラ、ガスタービン複合発電プラント並びに脱硝方法 |
TW108104549A TWI705848B (zh) | 2018-02-16 | 2019-02-12 | 脫硝裝置及具備此裝置之廢熱回收鍋爐、燃氣輪機複合發電廠以及脫硝方法 |
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