JP2019137053A - 化粧板及び床材 - Google Patents
化粧板及び床材 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019137053A JP2019137053A JP2019013773A JP2019013773A JP2019137053A JP 2019137053 A JP2019137053 A JP 2019137053A JP 2019013773 A JP2019013773 A JP 2019013773A JP 2019013773 A JP2019013773 A JP 2019013773A JP 2019137053 A JP2019137053 A JP 2019137053A
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- resin
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Abstract
Description
近年では、表面層、化粧層、コア層の枚数を少なくして、塩化ビニル樹脂シート(PVC)を基材として積層し、熱圧一体化した化粧積層材(特許文献2)に示されるように床材用途としての需要もある。
本発明に関わる表面層には化粧板用の表面紙(オーバーレイ紙ともいう)は、化粧板用として供されるものであればよく、例えば、α−セルロース紙、布、不織布などが挙げられるが、より望ましくは、縮合型熱硬化性樹脂の硬化後に透明ないしは半透明になるα−セルロース紙を用いるのが好ましい。また、耐摩耗性粉末の混抄された耐摩耗性表面紙を用いることで化粧板の耐摩耗性が向上する。耐摩耗性粉末には酸化アルミニウム、炭化珪素、酸化珪素などの無機粉末が挙げられる。これらの耐摩耗材はα−セルロース紙に対して重量部で1〜40%、より好ましくは5〜30%混抄される。坪量は10〜60g/m2であれば良い。
この範囲であれば含浸時に切断することがなく、後述の化粧層の鮮明性が劣ることがない。
坪量が23g/m2のα−セルロ−ス紙に、メラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂を主成分とする樹脂液を数1で示す算出方法で300%となるように含浸し、乾燥して樹脂含浸表面紙(A)を製造した。
(2)化粧層の製造
坪量80g/m2で、熱硬化性樹脂化粧板用の化粧紙に木目柄が印刷された印刷紙に、ビニルエステル樹脂を主成分とする樹脂液を、数1で定義される算出方法で含浸率が40%となるように含浸し、乾燥して樹脂含浸化粧紙(A)を製造した。尚、ビニルエステル樹脂を主成分とする樹脂液の組成はビスフェノール系ビニルエステル61−65%、メタクリルモノマー13−17%、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート20%(希釈剤)、アクリル酸2%である。
(3)スラリー(A)の製造(重量部は固形分換算値である)
バインダーとして、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が60℃で、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレートとメチルメタアクリレートを主モノマーとする平均粒子径が200nmのアクリル樹脂エマルジョンを32重量部、
吸熱性金属水酸化物として、平均粒子径8μmの水酸化アルミニウムを300重量部混合した。この混合物に水を加えてスラリー(A)を得た。
(4)プリプレグの製造
繊維質基材として、40g/m2のガラス繊維不織布を用いて、前記(3)で製造したスラリー(A)を、数1で定義される算出方法で含浸率が750%となるように含浸し、乾燥してプリプレグを製造した。
(5)化粧板の製造
下から順に、コア層としてのプリプレグを4枚、化粧層としての樹脂含浸化粧紙(A)を1枚、表面層としての樹脂含浸表面紙(A)を1枚積層し、フラット仕上げプレートを用いて、132℃、70kgf/cm2、64分間の条件で熱圧成形して一体化し、化粧板を得た。
坪量80g/m2で、熱硬化性樹脂化粧板用の化粧紙に木目柄が印刷された印刷紙に、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を主成分とする樹脂液を、数1で定義される算出方法で含浸率が40%となるように含浸し、乾燥して樹脂含浸化粧紙(B)を製造した。尚、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂はエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール−フマル酸、イソフタル酸を原料としてエステル化反応させた後にジアリルフタレートモノマーを加えて、硬化剤として過酸化ベイゾイルを配合したものを用いた。
実施例1において、樹脂含浸化粧紙(A)に代えて樹脂含浸化粧紙(B)を用いた以外は同様に実施して、化粧板を得た。
坪量が28g/m2でアルミナの混抄率が5%のα−セルロース紙に、メラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂を主成分とする樹脂液を数1で示す算出方法で300%となるように含浸し、乾燥して樹脂含浸表面紙(B)を製造した。
実施例1において、樹脂含浸表面紙(A)に代えて樹脂含浸表面紙(B)を用いた以外は同様に実施して、化粧板を得た。
実施例15の化粧板をウレタン系二液反応型接着剤を用いて2.5mmポリ塩化ビニル樹脂シートを貼り合わせて床材を得た。
実施例15の化粧板をウレタン系二液反応型接着剤を用いて2mm発泡ポリエチレン樹脂シート(発泡率:5倍)を貼り合わせて床材を得た。
(2)化粧層の製造
坪量80g/m2である木目柄が印刷された熱硬化性樹脂化粧板用の化粧紙に、メラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂を主成分とする樹脂液を、数1で定義される算出方法で含浸率が40%となるように含浸し、乾燥して樹脂含浸化粧紙(C)を製造した。
実施例1において、樹脂含浸化粧紙(A)に代えて樹脂含浸化粧紙(C)を用いた以外は同様に実施して、化粧板を得たが反りが大きかった。
比較例1において、化粧層の含浸率を100%となるように含浸し、200g/m2であるクラフト紙にフェノール−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂を数1で定義される算出方法で含浸率が50%となるように含浸し、プリプレグとした以外は同様に実施して、化粧板を得たが、寸法変化率が劣っていた。
比較例1において、表面層の坪量が28g/m2でアルミナの混抄率が5%のα−セルロース紙を用いた以外は同様に実施して、化粧板を得たが、寸法変化率が劣っていた。
比較例3において、プリプレグのフェノール−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂に代えて、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂及びメラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂を用いた以外は同様に実施して、化粧板を得たが、化粧層とコア層の密着が劣っていた。また反りが大きかった。
試験方法は以下の通りとした。
(1)厚み:マイクロメーターにより測定した。
(2)耐摩耗性(摩耗値):JIS K 6902:2007「熱硬化性樹脂高圧化粧板試験方法」に基づき測定した。
(3)寸法変化率:JIS K 6902:2007「熱硬化性樹脂高圧化粧板試験方法」に基づき測定した。測定不可は反りが激しく測定できなかったことをいう。
(4)反り:
4−1.初期
化粧板から50mm×280mmの試験片を切り出し測定した。化粧板の繊維方向は、試験片の短手方向と平行である。
4−2.40℃−24時間
前記の試験片を、40℃、湿度30%の環境で24時間養生した。その後、試験片を水平面に置き反りを測定した。
尚、反りの測定はいずれも表面層が上に向くように置いて測定した。
100mm以上は反りが激しく測定できなかったことをいう。
2a 化粧層
3a プリプレグ
3b プリプレグ
4a コア層
7a 化粧板
7b 化粧板
11a 熱可塑性樹脂シート
21 床材
Claims (10)
- コア層、化粧層、表面層を含む化粧板であって、前記表面層は表面紙と縮合型熱硬化性樹脂を含み、前記化粧層は化粧紙とラジカル重合型樹脂を含み、前記コア層は繊維質基材と無機充填剤とバインダー樹脂を含むことを特徴とする化粧板。
- 前記縮合型熱硬化性樹脂がアミノ−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の化粧板。
- 前記アミノ−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂がメラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の化粧板。
- 前記ラジカル重合型熱硬化性樹脂がビニルエステル樹脂又は不飽和ポリエステル樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の化粧板。
- 前記繊維質基材が無機質繊維基材及び/又は有機質繊維基材であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の化粧板。
- 前記無機質繊維基材がガラス繊維不織布及び/又はガラス繊維織布であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の化粧板。
- 前記無機充填剤が水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウムからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の化粧板。
- 前記バインダー樹脂がアクリル樹脂エマルジョン、アミノ−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、フェノール−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の化粧板。
- 前記表面紙が耐摩耗材を含む混抄表面紙であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の化粧板。
- 請求項1〜9いずれか1項記載の化粧板と熱可塑性樹脂シートが積層一体化された床材。
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