JP2019112851A - Underground shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a shelter which can be easily installed on a small-scale land which can be secured in a dwelling house site, and can cope with an earthquake, tsunami, a fire disaster and the damage of radiation exposure.SOLUTION: An underground shelter 1 comprises a mat foundation 30, and a main body which is fastened to the mat foundation 30, and buried in the ground. The mat foundation 30 constitutes a surface layer of a parking lot pavement 3. The main body is arranged at a rear part of the mat foundation 30 (a rear part of a car stop 32 in a plane view), and fastened to the mat foundation 30 by alternately connecting a reinforcement arranged in the mat foundation 30 and a reinforcement arranged in the main body. The main body is a bottomed and ceiled cylindrical body having a ceiling 21, a sidewall 22 and a bottom floor 24. An internal space is formed into a double-layer structure which is partitioned by an intermediate floor 23. A sliding door 5 is arranged at the ceiling 21, and a door main body 50 constituting a part of a door 5 seals a first opening part 25a which is formed at the ceiling 21.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a reinforced concrete underground shelter fixed to a solid foundation laid on the ground.

  In the Great East Japan Earthquake, many earthquakes destroyed buildings and fires one after another, and the largest tsunami and tsunami fire occurred, and many precious lives were lost. The occurrence of the Nankai Trough major earthquake etc. is expected in the future. Furthermore, in view of the recent tense international situation, shelters having performance capable of coping with radiation damage as well as disasters such as earthquakes are required.

  The prevalence of nuclear shelters is 100% in Switzerland and Israel, but only 0.02% in Japan. In Japan too, there is an urgent need to disseminate a nuclear shelter that can respond to emergencies. Under such circumstances, interest in shelters having performance capable of coping with radiation exposure as well as disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis has been increasing in recent years.

  According to Patent Document 1, in addition to earthquake resistance and water resistance, components for destruction weapons used in emergencies, powerful destruction energy of natural disasters, and elements having special properties and effects such as radiation and electromagnetic waves can be reliably obtained. A more secure underground shelter that can protect the interior is disclosed. Specifically, a box-like shelter inner shell made of metal sheet is installed on a shelter outer shell floor slab made of high strength reinforced concrete installed in the ground, and the remaining shell inner shells except the side of the shell outer shell floor slab. An underground shelter covered with a shell made of high strength reinforced concrete around the outer surface of the

  Patent Document 2 discloses a shelter which is incorporated into the interior of a building, the side walls and the upper wall are formed of concrete, and the habitability of the internal space is protected from abnormal changes in the external environment.

  However, the shelter disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a double structure having an inner shell and an outer shell, and the bottom of the outer shell is a structure located at a depth of 5 to 6 m from the ground surface. Therefore, in order to install, the land of a lot area is needed, and it is difficult to secure the land for installation in the existing residential area. Also, the construction is complicated.

  Since the shelter disclosed in Patent Document 2 is incorporated inside a building, it is considered to be installed when building the building, and it is difficult to install it in an existing building.

  That is, the shelters disclosed in Patent Literatures 1 and 2 have limitations such as installation time and installation place, and can not be easily installed.

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2007-297898 Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2009-221673

  An object of the present invention is to provide a shelter that can be easily installed on a small-scale land that can be secured in a housing site or the like, and that can cope with earthquakes, tsunamis, fire disasters, and radiation exposure damage. .

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is an underground shelter made of reinforced concrete, which is formed of a solid foundation laid on the ground, a main body having a bottom floor, a ceiling and side walls, and a ceiling A sliding door is provided which opens and closes the first opening and which is sealable, and the ceiling is fixed to a solid foundation.

  According to this configuration, since the ceiling is fixed to the solid foundation laid on the ground surface, the weight of the main body and the seismic force loaded on the main body can be distributed and burdened on the entire solid foundation. This makes it possible to suppress consolidation settlement of the ground and uneven settlement of the main body due to seismic force.

  Further, according to this configuration, since the solid foundation, the main body, and the door are made of reinforced concrete, the solid foundation, the main body, and the door have a capability of shielding almost all radiation such as alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays, X rays, and neutrons. Furthermore, since the first opening is sealed by the door, the first opening can be completely sealed without any gap. Thereby, the underground shelter can be used as a nuclear shelter.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the underground shelter according to claim 1 is provided with a first heat insulating lid which is attachable to and detachable from the first opening.

  According to this configuration, since the first heat insulating lid which can be attached and detached to the first opening is provided, when the first heat insulating lid is attached to the first opening, when the temperature of the surroundings rises due to a fire or the like, It is possible to suppress the temperature rise inside the shelter.

  The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the underground shelter according to claim 2 comprises a first fixing rod for supporting the first heat insulating lid.

According to this configuration, since the first fixing rod for supporting the first heat insulating lid is provided, the first heat insulating lid is supported by the first fixing rod in a state where the first heat insulating lid is attached to the first opening. By doing this, it is possible to prevent the first heat insulating cover from falling off from the first opening.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the main body further has an intermediate floor in which a second opening is formed, and the intermediate floor is a bottom floor It is provided between the ceiling and the second opening characterized in that a hatch is provided.

  According to this configuration, the main body further includes an intermediate floor in which the second opening is formed, the intermediate floor is provided between the bottom floor and the ceiling, and the second opening is provided with a hatch. The internal space of the main body is vertically divided into two by the intermediate floor. In addition, the hatch makes it possible to move up and down. This allows the number of shelters to be increased.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the underground shelter according to claim 4 is provided with a second heat insulating lid which is attachable to and detachable from the second opening.

  According to this configuration, since the second heat insulating lid is detachably attached to the second opening, when the second heat insulating lid is attached to the second opening, the temperature of the periphery increases due to a fire or the like. The temperature rise below the internal space of the shelter divided into two in the vertical direction by the intermediate floor can be further suppressed as compared to the upper side.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the underground shelter according to claim 5 is provided with a second fixing rod for supporting the second heat insulating lid.

According to this configuration, since the second fixing bar for supporting the second heat insulating cover is provided, the second heat insulating cover is supported by the second fixing bar in a state where the second heat insulating cover is attached to the second opening. By doing this, it is possible to prevent the second heat insulating cover from falling off from the second opening.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the door is disposed in a recess formed on a solid foundation, and the main body is water for supplying to the recess. It has a water storage tank for storing water.

  According to this configuration, the door is disposed in the water-reservable recess formed on the solid foundation. Moreover, since the water storage tank which stores the water for supplying to a recessed part is provided, water can be stably supplied to a recessed part. By evacuating in the shelter and storing in the recess, even if the surrounding temperature rises due to a fire etc., the latent heat effect of the stored water can suppress the temperature rise inside the shelter .

  The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in the underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the side wall includes a plurality of protrusions extending outward.

  According to this configuration, the side wall includes a plurality of projections extending outward, so that the surface area of the side wall is increased. As a result, the heat radiation effect is increased, and the temperature rise inside the shelter can be suppressed. There is also concern that the ground of the main body and the area around the main body may be displaced due to the seismic force. However, since the shear resistance between the main body and the ground is increased by the protrusion, the deviation can be suppressed. Thereby, the main body can be buried in the ground in a stable state.

  The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in the underground shelter according to claim 8, the protrusions are disposed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction and in the circumferential direction.

  According to this configuration, the protrusions are disposed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction and in the circumferential direction, so that the effect can be enhanced by appropriately arranging the protrusions according to the ground conditions and the like.

  The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that, in the underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the solid foundation constitutes the surface layer of the parking lot pavement.

  According to this configuration, the underground shelter is buried underground in the parking lot, so that the underground space of the parking lot can be effectively used. As a result, shelters can be easily installed even in densely populated areas where securing shelter installation locations is difficult.

  The invention according to claim 11 is characterized in that the door is disposed in the surface layer in or near the site of the parking lot.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to quickly evacuate the shelter from the car parked in the parking lot.

  The invention according to claim 12 is characterized in that a lift device is provided at the top of the door.

  According to this configuration, vulnerable people such as disabled people, old people, and children can evacuate to the shelter quickly.

It is the top view which abbreviate | omitted a part of door of the underground shelter of this Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a front sectional view the same. It is a top view explaining the door of the underground shelter of this Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a front sectional view the same. FIG. It is a front fragmentary sectional view of the underground shelter of this Embodiment 2, and a conveyance apparatus. It is a top view explaining opening and closing of the door of the underground shelter of this Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a front view which shows the door vicinity of the underground shelter of this Embodiment 2. FIG.

  Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reinforced concrete underground shelter 1 (hereinafter referred to as shelter 1) according to the first embodiment of the present invention is fixed to a solid foundation 30 and a solid foundation 30, and is a main body 2 buried in the ground. Is equipped. The solid foundation 30 constitutes the surface layer of the parking lot pavement 3. The main body 2 is a cylinder with a bottom and a ceiling having a ceiling 21, a side wall 22 and a bottom floor 24, and the inner space has a two-layer structure divided by an intermediate floor 23. Moreover, the door 5 is provided in the ceiling 21, and the door main body 50 which comprises a part of door 5 seals 1st opening part 25a formed in the ceiling 21. As shown in FIG. As an example in the first embodiment, the outer diameter of the main body 2 is 2.8 m, the thickness of the solid foundation 30 constituting the door 5 is 45 cm, and the thickness of the ceiling 21, the side wall 22 and the bottom floor 24 is 40 cm. . By securing this thickness, the shelter 1 has a predetermined radiation shielding performance.

  The parking lot pavement 3 is a structure in which a solid foundation 30 is laid on the upper surface (ground surface 400) of the base layer 36. The base layer 36 is for distributing the load received by the solid foundation 30 from the vehicle to the ground 300 and for firmly supporting the solid foundation 30. As a result, the solid foundation 30 is stably supported by the ground 300 via the base layer 36 without sinking due to long-term loading of the vehicle load and unequal sinking due to earthquakes. A slope 34 is provided in order to connect the vehicle entry portion with the ground without causing a step. Also, vehicle stops 32, 32 are provided for safely and reliably parking the vehicle. Furthermore, a gravel layer 31 is provided in the central portion. Rainfall on the upper surface of the solid foundation 30 is collected in the gravel layer 31 and stored in the water reservoir 40.

  The material and thickness of the base layer 36 are appropriately determined by the strength of the ground 300 and the like. For example, when the ground 300 has a predetermined strength, the base layer 36 can be omitted and the solid foundation 30 can be placed directly on the ground 300.

  The main body is provided at the rear part of the solid foundation 30 (the rear of the car stop 32 in plan view), and interconnects the reinforcing bars arranged on the solid foundation 30 and the reinforcing bars arranged on the main body 2 The solid foundation 30 is fixed. As a result, the weight of the main body 2 and the seismic force loaded on the main body 2 can be dispersed and borne by the entire solid foundation 30. As a result, consolidation settlement of the ground 300 and uneven settlement of the main body 2 due to seismic force can be suppressed.

  The main body 2 has a cylindrical side wall 22, a bottom floor 24, and a ceiling 21 to form a cylindrical internal space. Further, the internal space is divided into two layers by the intermediate floor 23, and a first internal space 5a located above and a second internal space 5b located below are formed.

  A first heat insulating layer 29 a is provided on the ceiling 21, the side wall 22, and the wall surface of the intermediate floor 23 of the first inner space 5 a. Thereby, the rise in the internal temperature of the first internal space 5a due to the flame heat can be suppressed. The material and thickness of the first heat insulating layer 29a are appropriately determined by setting the target heat insulating performance of the first inner space.

  Protrusions 45 extending horizontally outward at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction and circumferential direction are fixed to the side wall 22. As the surface area of the side wall 22 is increased, the heat radiation effect is increased, and the temperature rise of the first inner space 5a and the second inner space 5b can be suppressed. In addition, there is a concern that the main body 2 and the ground 300 around the main body may be displaced due to the seismic force. However, since the shear resistance between the main body 2 and the ground 300 is increased by the protrusions 45, the deviation can be suppressed. Thereby, the main body 2 can be buried in the ground in a stable state.

  The ceiling 21 is formed with a first opening 25a for entering and exiting between the outer space and the first inner space 5a. The first opening 25a has a rectangular shape in plan view, and the shape is a quadrangular frustum that spreads downward. The first opening 25a is sealed by a first heat insulating lid 26a. The first heat insulating cover 26a has a shape corresponding to the first opening 25a, and is normally placed at a predetermined place of the first inner space 5a. In use, the first heat insulating lid 26a is inserted upward into the first opening 25a. Thereby, the first opening 25a is sealed. After the insertion, the first heat insulating cover 26a is supported by the first fixing rod 110a extending in the vertical direction. As a result, the sealing can be made stronger and the falling off of the first heat insulating lid 26 a can be prevented.

  The first fixing rod 110 a is a telescopic structure. In a normal state, a predetermined place of the first internal space 5a in a state where one end is in contact with the first heat insulation layer 29a disposed in the ceiling 21 and the other end is in contact with the first heat insulation layer 29a disposed in the intermediate floor 23 It is fixed to

  A second heat insulating layer 29 b is provided on the side wall 22 of the second inner space 5 b and the wall surface of the intermediate floor 23. Since the second inner space 5b is located in a lower layer that is less susceptible to flame heat than the first inner space 5a, the rise in the inner temperature is further suppressed as compared to the first inner space 5a. The material and thickness of the second heat insulation layer 29b are appropriately determined by setting the heat insulation performance targeted for the second internal space 5b.

  At a central portion of the intermediate floor 23, a second opening 25b for entering and exiting the first inner space 5a and the second inner space 5b is formed. The second opening 25 b has a circular shape in a plan view, and the shape is a truncated cone that extends downward. A hatch 27 for opening and closing the second opening 25 b is rotatably fixed to a first heat insulating layer 29 a provided on the side of the first inner space 5 a of the intermediate floor 23. The second opening 25b is sealed by a second heat insulating lid 26b. The second heat insulating cover 26b has a shape corresponding to the second opening 25b, and is normally mounted at a predetermined place of the second inner space 5b. In use, the second heat insulation lid 26b is inserted upward into the second opening 25b. Thereby, the second opening 25b is sealed. Further, after the insertion, the second heat insulating cover 26b is supported by the second fixing rod 110b extending in the vertical direction. As a result, the sealing can be made stronger and the second heat insulating lid 26 b can be prevented from coming off.

  The second fixing rod 110 b is an expandable structure. Normally, in a predetermined place of the second internal space 5b with one end being in contact with the second heat insulation layer 29b disposed on the intermediate floor 23 and the other end in contact with the water storage tank 42 provided above the bottom floor 24. It is fixed.

  Oxygen cylinders are prepared in the first inner space 5a and the second inner space 5b in order to secure an appropriate oxygen concentration. Blowing oxygen raises the pressure inside. Therefore, the pressure reducing valve 46 for releasing the internal pressure is also provided. Furthermore, carbon dioxide is adsorbed by calcium hydroxide aqueous solution or zeolite to reduce carbon dioxide in order to prevent excessive build up of carbon dioxide.

  The water W <b> 1 stored in the water storage tank 40 is stored in the water storage tank 42 via the pipe 41. The water W 2 stored in the water storage tank 42 is pumped by the pump 43, discharged from the water supply and drainage port 35 via the pipe 44, and stored in the recess 33. By storing the water W2 in the recess 33 at the time of fire, the temperature rise of the door main body 50 and the ceiling 21 can be suppressed by the latent heat effect of the water. The pipe 44 is provided with a check valve (not shown) for preventing backflow of water. Thus, the water W2 can be stably supplied to the recess 33. The pump 43 may be either manual or electric.

  When the fire is over, the check valve is opened, and the water W2 stored in the recess 33 is returned to the water storage tank 42 from the water outlet 35 via the pipe 44. Thus, the water W2 is drained from the recess 33. As a result, even if the door main body 50 is opened, the water W2 does not flood the first internal space 5a from the first opening 25a.

  The door 5 is disposed in the recess 33, and a door main body 50 made of reinforced concrete, a wheel 51 fixed to the door main body 50, a track 52 for guiding the traveling direction of the wheel 51, and a jack 53 for vertically displacing the track 52 Have.

  The wheels 51 are for moving the door body 50 along the track 52, and two wheels 51 in total are fixed to the door body 50 in total on one side. The wheel 51 is disposed in a groove 52a of the track 52 described later, and the installation surface thereof has a predetermined gap between the bottom plate 12 and the ceiling 21 when the jack 53 is raised, and the bottom plate 12 when lowered. And the ceiling 21 are set to be in contact with each other. That is, the height is appropriately determined in consideration of the structural height of the jack 53, the stroke of the jack 53, and the like. The jack 53 is preferably a manual or electric hydraulic jack that is raised and lowered by hydraulic pressure.

  The pair of tracks 52, 52 are for rotating the wheels 51 described above smoothly and guiding the wheels 51 in a predetermined direction. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the tracks 52 and 52 are provided above the ceiling 21 and are laid parallel to the recessed side surfaces 33 a and 33 b in the outer peripheral region of the first opening 25 a. The track 52 has a U-shaped cross section forming a groove 52a opened upward, and is fixed to the ceiling 21 via a total of three jacks 53 at three ends of the end and the center. Specifically, the bottom surface of the track 52 is fixed to the pedestal 53 a of the jack 53, and the bottom surface of the jack 53 is fixed to the ceiling 21.

  The length of the track 52 is a length which can open and close the first opening 25a, that is, a length obtained by adding the length in the traveling direction of the door main body 50 to the length in the laying direction of the first opening 25a. Set to

  The spacing in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the wheels 51 is set to be equal to the spacing at which the wheels 51 can be disposed on the track 52, ie, the spacing between the pair of tracks 52, 52. Thereby, the door main body 50 becomes movable along the track 52, and can open and close the first opening 25a.

  At both ends of the track 52, stop plates 54a and 54b for closing the groove 52a are provided in a state of protruding above the groove 52a. The stop plates 54a and 54b are for restricting the movement of the wheel 51, which can prevent the door body 50 from deviating in the moving direction from the track 52. When movement of the wheel 51 is restricted by the stop plate 54a, the door main body 50 closes the first opening 25a, and when movement of the wheel 51 is restricted by the stop plate 54b, the door body 50 takes the first opening. It will be in the state which open | releases the part 25a.

  In a state in which the door main body 50 is closed, a packing 80 is annularly provided on the bottom surface of the door main body 50 facing the outer peripheral surface of the first opening 25a. Thus, when the gap between the door body 50 and the ceiling 21 is sealed, the airtightness of the first inner space 5a can be further enhanced.

  A method of sealing the first opening 25a will be described. The door main body 50 is moved in the direction of the first opening 25 a in a state in which a predetermined gap exists between the door main body 50 and the ceiling 21, that is, in a state where all six jacks 53 are lifted. When the movement of the door main body 50 is restricted by the restriction plate 54 a, the first opening 25 a is closed by the door main body 50. Thereafter, by lowering simultaneously a total of six jacks 53 for fixing the tracks 52, 52, a predetermined gap existing between the door main body 50 and the ceiling 21 can be sealed.

  A method of changing the state where the first opening 25a is sealed to the open state will be described. The six jacks 53 are simultaneously lifted, and a predetermined gap is present between the door body 50 and the ceiling 21. Thereafter, the door main body 50 is moved in the direction of the stop plate 54b. When the movement of the door main body 50 is restricted by the stopper plate 54b, the first opening 25a is in an open state. Thereafter, the six jacks 53 are simultaneously lowered, and the door main body 50 and the ceiling 21 come into contact with each other, and the ceiling 21 bears the entire weight of the door main body 50. The frictional force acting on the door body 50 and the ceiling 21 enables the door body 50 to be stably placed at a predetermined position.

  Second Embodiment A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Although the second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, the differences between the second embodiment and the second embodiment in which the lift device 270 is added will be mainly described. The corresponding member numbers are in the 200s, and the description of the common members is incorporated. The members of the first embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5 are appropriately omitted in the corresponding drawings of the second embodiment for the convenience of description.

  The lift device 270 includes a top plate 271, a leg 272 supporting the top 271 and fixed to the ground 400, a guide rail 273 fixed to the top 271, and a lateral direction along the guide rail 273. And a rope 275 suspended from the hook portion 274 and a wheelchair 276 suspended from the rope 275. The wheelchair 276 is laterally moved to the top of the door 205 in a suspended state. The door 205 is opened and lowered to the first basement B1 or the second basement B2. The wheelchair 276 may be suspended on the hook portion 274 via the car 290. The top plate 271 is preferably connected to a car port. The movement of the hook portion 274 is performed by an electric winch (not shown). By providing the second hook portion 277 in the first basement floor B1, a person can be moved from the first basement floor B1 to the second basement floor B2 using an electric winch (not shown).

  The lift device 270 of the second embodiment can quickly accommodate disabled persons, elderly people, children and the like. In addition, because it is close to the parking lot, it is possible to evacuate the car 290 quickly.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the upper lid 205 a and the nuclear protection lid 205 b are linked to be interlocked, and move manually or electrically. As a result, safety can be enhanced and operability can be improved. A wood deck 299 is provided in the evacuation route.

  Underground shelters capable of responding to radiation, earthquakes, fires and tsunamis can be easily installed on narrow lands. Especially in densely populated areas, its industrial value is great.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Underground shelter 2: Body 3: Parking lot pavement 5: Door 5a: 1st internal space 5b: 2nd internal space 12: Bottom plate 21: Ceiling 22: Side wall 23: Intermediate floor 24: Bottom floor 25a: 1st opening 25b: second opening 26a: first heat insulating lid 26b: second heat insulating lid 27: hatch 29a: first heat insulating layer 29b: second heat insulating layer 30: solid foundation 31: gravel layer 32: wheel stopper 33: recess 35: water supply and drainage Port 36: Base layer 40: Water reservoir 42: Water reservoir 43: Pump 45: Projection 50: Door main body 51: Wheel 52: Track 52a: Groove 53: Jack 53a: Receptacle 54a, b: Stop plate 80: Packing 110a: First fixed rod 110b: second fixed rod 205: door 205a: upper lid 205b: lid for nuclear protection 270: lift device 271: top plate 272: leg 273: guide rail 274 Hook 275: Rope 276: Roll 290: Automotive 277: second hook portion 299: wood deck 300: Soil 400: surface W1, w2: Water

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is an underground shelter made of reinforced concrete, which is formed of a solid foundation laid on the ground, a main body having a bottom floor, a ceiling and side walls, and a ceiling The door has a sliding door that opens and closes the first opening and is sealable, the ceiling is fixed to a solid foundation, the door is disposed in a recess formed on the solid foundation, and the main body is a recess Water storage tank for storing water to be supplied to the

Further, according to this configuration, since the solid foundation, the main body, and the door are made of reinforced concrete, the solid foundation, the main body, and the door have a capability of shielding almost all radiation such as alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays, X rays, and neutrons. Furthermore, since the first opening is sealed by the door, the first opening can be completely sealed without any gap. Thereby, the underground shelter can be used as a nuclear shelter.
Further, according to this configuration, the door is disposed in the water-reservable recess formed on the solid foundation. Moreover, since the water storage tank which stores the water for supplying to a recessed part is provided, water can be stably supplied to a recessed part. By evacuating in the shelter and storing in the recess, even if the surrounding temperature rises due to a fire etc., the latent heat effect of the stored water can suppress the temperature rise inside the shelter .

The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , the side wall includes a plurality of protrusions extending outward.

The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in the underground shelter according to claim 7 , the protrusions are disposed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction and in the circumferential direction.

The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in the underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , the solid foundation constitutes the surface layer of the parking lot pavement.

The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that the door is disposed in the surface layer in or near the site of the parking lot.

The invention according to claim 11 is characterized in that a lift device is provided at the top of the door.

The wheels 51 are for moving the door body 50 along the track 52, and two wheels 51 in total are fixed to the door body 50 in total on one side. The wheel 51 is disposed in the groove 52a of the track 52, which will be described later, and its installation surface has a predetermined gap between the bottom plate 12 and the ceiling 21 when the jack 53 is raised, and the door main body when lowered. The ceiling 50 and the ceiling 21 are set to be in contact with each other. That is, the height is appropriately determined in consideration of the structural height of the jack 53, the stroke of the jack 53, and the like. The jack 53 is preferably a manual or electric hydraulic jack that is raised and lowered by hydraulic pressure.

At both ends of the track 52, stop plates 54a and 54b for closing the groove 52a are provided in a state of protruding above the groove 52a. The stop plates 54a and 54b are for restricting the movement of the wheel 51, which can prevent the door body 50 from deviating in the moving direction from the track 52. When movement of the wheel 51 is restricted by the stopper plate 54 b, the door body 50 is in a state to close the first opening 25a, when the movement of the wheel 51 by the stopper plate 54 a is limited, the door body 50 is first The first opening 25a is opened.

A method of sealing the first opening 25a will be described. The door main body 50 is moved in the direction of the first opening 25 a in a state in which a predetermined gap exists between the door main body 50 and the ceiling 21, that is, in a state where all six jacks 53 are lifted. When the movement of the door main body 50 is restricted by the restriction plate 54 b , the first opening 25 a is closed by the door main body 50. Thereafter, by lowering simultaneously a total of six jacks 53 for fixing the tracks 52, 52, a predetermined gap existing between the door main body 50 and the ceiling 21 can be sealed.

A method of changing the state where the first opening 25a is sealed to the open state will be described. The six jacks 53 are simultaneously lifted, and a predetermined gap is present between the door body 50 and the ceiling 21. Then, to move the door body 50 in the direction of the stopper plate 54 a. When the movement of the door body 50 by the stopper plate 54 a is limited, the first opening 25a in the state of being opened. Thereafter, the six jacks 53 are simultaneously lowered, and the door main body 50 and the ceiling 21 come into contact with each other, and the ceiling 21 bears the entire weight of the door main body 50. The frictional force acting on the door body 50 and the ceiling 21 enables the door body 50 to be stably placed at a predetermined position.

The lift device 270 includes a top plate 271, a leg 272 supporting the top 271 and fixed to the ground 400, a guide rail 273 fixed to the top 271, and a lateral direction along the guide rail 273. And a rope 275 suspended from the hook portion 274 and a wheelchair 276 suspended from the rope 275. The wheelchair 276 is laterally moved to the top of the door 205 in a suspended state. The door 205 is opened and lowered to the first basement B1 or the second basement B2. The wheelchair 276 may be suspended on the hook portion 274 via the car 290. The top plate 271 is preferably connected to a car port. The movement of the hook portion 274 is performed by an electric winch (not shown). By providing the second hook portion 274a in the first basement floor B1, a person can be moved from the first basement floor B1 to the second basement floor B2 using an electric winch (not shown) .

1: underground shelter 2: Body 3: Parking paving 5: door 5a: the first internal space 5b: between the first and second internal space
2 1: ceiling 22: side wall 23: intermediate floor 24: bottom floor 25 a: first opening 25 b: second opening 26 a: first heat insulating lid 26 b: second heat insulating lid 27: hatch 29 a: first heat insulating layer 29 b: Second heat insulating layer 30: solid foundation 31: gravel layer 32: car stop 33: recess 35: water outlet 36: base layer 40: reservoir 42: reservoir tank 43: pump 45: protrusion 50: door body 51: wheel 52: track 52a: groove 53: jack 53a: receptacle 54a, b: stop plate 80: packing 110a: first fixed rod 110b: second fixed rod 205: door 205a: upper lid 205b: lid for nuclear protection 270: lift device 271: ceiling Plate portion 272: Leg portion 273: Guide rail 274: Hook portion 275: Rope 276: Wheelchair 290: Car
274a : second hook portion 299: wood deck 300: ground 400: surface W1, w2: water

Claims (12)

Underground shelter made of reinforced concrete,
The foundation that was laid on the ground,
A body having a bottom floor, a ceiling and side walls;
A sliding door that opens and closes the first opening formed in the ceiling and is sealable;
An underground shelter characterized in that the ceiling is fixed to the solid foundation.   The underground shelter according to claim 1, further comprising: a first heat insulating lid which is removable from the first opening.   The underground shelter according to claim 2, further comprising a first fixing rod for supporting the first heat insulating lid. The body further comprises an intermediate floor formed with a second opening,
The intermediate floor is provided between the bottom floor and the ceiling,
The underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second opening is provided with a hatch.   The underground shelter according to claim 4, further comprising: a second heat insulating lid which is detachable to the second opening.   The underground shelter according to claim 5, further comprising a second fixing bar for supporting the second heat insulating lid. The door is disposed in a recess formed in the solid foundation,
The underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the main body has a water storage tank for storing water to be supplied to the recess.   The underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the side wall includes a plurality of protrusions extending outward.   The underground shelter according to claim 8, wherein the protrusions are disposed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction and the circumferential direction.   The underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the solid foundation constitutes a surface layer of a parking lot pavement.   The underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the door is disposed in a surface layer in or near a parking lot site.   The underground shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a lift device is provided above the door.

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