JP2022169889A - Disaster prevention housing - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a disaster prevention housing in which a living space can be made low-rise and maintenance work for a mechanism for raising the living space can be easily performed.SOLUTION: A disaster prevention housing 1 of the present invention includes a rectangular parallelepiped living room portion 2a fixed to a movable base 4 which is supported so as to be able to move up and down in the vertical direction by means of four square tube-shaped pillars 3 erected on root-wrapped concrete 5 buried in the ground GL, and surrounded by a rectangular side plate 6, and a living space 2 consisting of an attic 2b provided above the living room portion 2a. The movable base 4 includes a base frame 4b having a rectangular shape in a plan view, a guide frame 4a provided at the center of the upper surface of the base frame 4b, and four first guide pillars 27 whose upper ends are connected to the guide frame 4a and which are respectively communicated with the four insertion holes and the four pillars 3 provided in the base frame 4b so that lower ends 27b protrude downward from the base frame 4b.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a disaster-prevention house capable of moving up the living space so as not to be affected by tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, debris flows, etc., and in particular, a mechanism for raising and lowering the living space. The present invention relates to disaster prevention housing that is easy to maintain.

When a house burns down in a fire, the victims are forced to temporarily evacuate to another place, but by rebuilding the house, they can return to their original lives relatively quickly. On the other hand, when a house is submerged due to a tsunami or river flooding, it is necessary to remove mud and bulky garbage that have entered the room, making restoration work extremely difficult.

As a solution to this problem, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a facility under the name of "disaster prevention type facility", which is effective against both earthquakes and floods and can prevent flood damage. An invention relating to housing is disclosed.
The invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a structure comprising a ground facility section, a facility main body provided on the lower side thereof, a base section having an underground space, and an elevating mechanism for raising and lowering the facility main body with respect to the base section. It has become.
According to such a structure, even when a flood occurs, by moving the facility main body above the water surface, it is possible to prevent flood damage to the residential section provided in the facility main body.

In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses an invention related to a building, under the name of "floating building", whose floats can be lifted up by using buoyancy when a tsunami occurs due to an earthquake. .
The invention disclosed in Patent Document 2 includes a floor slab constructed on the ground surface and provided with a plurality of through holes, and a floor slab formed floatably on the water surface and arranged at a predetermined distance from the floor slab. A float portion, a building constructed above the float portion, an outer guide member provided below the through-hole so that at least a portion of it is buried in the ground, and an outer guide member inserted through the The inner guide member is connected to the lower side of the float portion.
According to such a structure, when a tsunami occurs, the building floats up via the float section, so the building is not damaged by the tsunami. In addition, evacuees in the building are safe because they are not swept away by the tsunami.

Furthermore, in Patent Document 3, under the name of "Anti-flood/snow damage and sediment disaster countermeasure structure for buildings", there is a description of a structure for building against flood damage such as river flooding, tsunami or storm surge, snow damage such as avalanche, and sediment disaster such as landslide. Inventions relating to structures that reduce the impact on objects have been disclosed.
The invention disclosed in Patent Document 3 includes a plurality of support piles whose tips are driven into a support layer of the ground, columns erected on the support piles, and a building that supports and is guided by the columns. An elevating base formed to be slidable in the vertical direction, an elevating mechanism for moving the elevating base vertically along the support and holding it at an arbitrary height, and a wire material, the base of the support. One end of the guard is attached to the lifting base and the other end of the guard is attached to the lifting base.
According to such a structure, unlike the case where a building such as a house is floated on water, the building can be raised to a position higher than the expected water surface in the event of flood damage. In addition, the guards installed between the pillars as the lift base rises disperse the impact of collisions with driftwood and other drifting objects across the pillars, the lift base, and the ground. can be kept small.

Patent Document 4 describes a residential structure with a high-strength living space and a living structure that can move the living space upward under the name of “a living structure and a base-isolated house having the same”. An invention relating to housing is disclosed.
The invention disclosed in Patent Document 4 is a base frame composed of eight shaped steels combined so as to form each side of a quadrangular pyramid having a rhomboid bottom and four ridges of equal length, A living space consisting of a pair of rectangular wall plates installed so that the lower ends constitute two diagonal lines of the rhombus and are perpendicular to the bottom, and a living space is installed so as to surround the living space and vertically Four parallel pillars, four guide members that respectively connect the living spaces to the four pillars so as to be movable only in the longitudinal direction, and four pillars that connect the four pillars to each other. A reinforcing member made of multiple shaped steels installed at the upper end, a connecting member made of shaped steel, a wire rope partially connected to this connecting member, and a living space can be lifted through this wire rope. It is equipped with a winch installed on a reinforcing member and an electric motor that drives this winch, and is installed so that the bottom of the living space is parallel to the horizontal direction, and the lower end of the connecting member is at the top of the base frame. It has a structure in which four pillars and four guide members are arranged in close proximity to each vertex of the rhombus when the living space is viewed from above.
According to such a structure, it is possible to reliably avoid damage due to tsunamis, floods, etc. by lifting up the living space with the winch. In addition, since the posture of the living space does not easily change during movement, the living space can be moved accurately to a safe height in a short period of time.

In addition, Patent Document 5 describes a mechanism called “disaster prevention housing” that enables a living space to be moved upwards so as not to be affected by tsunamis, floods, etc., and maintenance of a mechanism that raises and lowers the living space. Disclosed is an invention relating to a house that facilitates construction.
The invention disclosed in Patent Document 5 includes four columns parallel to the vertical direction and arranged at each vertex of a rectangle in plan view, a living space in which the columns are arranged, and the living space. a movable base that supports from below, a guide member that guides the movable base along the longitudinal direction of the support, a plurality of beams that connect two adjacent supports among the four supports, and a movable It has a structure comprising a wire rope partly connected to the base, a winch installed on the top of the support to lift the movable base via the wire rope, and an electric motor that drives the winch.
According to such a structure, it is possible to reliably avoid damage due to tsunamis, floods, etc. by lifting up the living space using a winch. In addition, since the mechanism for raising and lowering the living space is arranged inside the living space, it is difficult to break down, and maintenance and inspection of the mechanism are easy, so the cost required for maintenance and inspection is reduced. be. Furthermore, since the support columns are not exposed to the outside and the appearance is the same as that of a normal house, it is easy to blend in with the surrounding scenery and is not subject to restrictions on the installation location.

Japanese Patent No. 6651075 JP 2015-101862 A JP 2007-126862 A Japanese Patent No. 6537218 Japanese Patent No. 6691633

The invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 has the problem that the size and shape of the facility body is restricted by the threaded pillars because the facility body is arranged inside the multiple screw pillars that make up the lifting mechanism. was there. In addition to the threaded columns, the threaded portions that engage the threaded columns and the electric motor that rotates each threaded portion with respect to the threaded columns are also located outside the facility body, so the lifting mechanism may be damaged. , there is also a problem that there is a high possibility of failure. Furthermore, the housing according to the present invention has an external appearance that is clearly different from that of ordinary housing, and it is difficult to blend in with the surrounding landscape.
The invention disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a structure in which, when a tsunami or flood occurs, the float part with the building on the upper side rises with the water level while floating on the water surface. However, there is a problem that it is impossible to avoid collisions of driftwood and other drifting objects with parts and buildings.
In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 3, when six pillars are arranged around the building, the interior of the building becomes narrow, making it difficult to use it as a living space. . In addition, in the specification, it is described that the pillars in the building are hollow structures and the pillars are provided inside. Since the structure was unknown, there was a problem that it could not be easily realized. Furthermore, if the column is submerged while the living space is elevated, the rack attached to the column may be damaged or dust may adhere to the rack, causing the pinion attached to the motor drive shaft to engage with the rack. As a result, there is a problem that it becomes difficult to lower the living space.

In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 4, four columns are arranged around the living space, so there is a problem that the living space is limited in size and shape. In addition, since the winch and wire rope are exposed, maintenance work must be performed periodically. In addition, since the pillars are much longer than the living space, the overall structure becomes large-scale, and it is difficult to keep the manufacturing cost low.
Further, in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 5, since the columns are arranged inside the living space, there is a problem that it is difficult to make the living space a low-rise structure. In addition, there is also a problem that the height to which the movable base can be raised is reduced by the length obtained by subtracting the length of the guide support that constitutes the movable base from the length of the support. In addition, if the movable base is not raised, the winch and motor installed at the top of the column will be positioned high in the living space, so maintenance work on the winch and motor will take time. I had a problem.

The present invention has been made in response to such conventional circumstances, and is a disaster prevention device that enables a low-rise living space and facilitates maintenance work for a mechanism that raises the living space. The purpose is to provide housing.

In order to achieve the above object, the disaster prevention house according to the first invention includes four cylindrical pillars that are parallel to the vertical direction and arranged so as to form each vertex of a rectangle when viewed from above. , a living space in which the support is arranged, a movable base that supports the living space from below, and a guide that guides the movable base along the longitudinal direction of the support so that the movable base moves only in the vertical direction. A member, a plurality of beams that connect two adjacent pillars among the four pillars, a wire rope partially connected to the movable base, and the movable base can be lifted through this wire rope. A winch installed on the upper part of the pillar and a motor for driving the winch are provided. a base frame, a guide frame provided in the center of the upper surface of the base frame so as to surround the four columns from the outside, and four first guide columns whose upper ends are connected to the guide frame. , the base frame has four insertion holes through which the first guide struts are respectively inserted, and the four first guide struts have four insertion holes and four insertion holes so that their lower ends protrude downward from the base frame. It is characterized in that it communicates with four pillars, respectively, and the living space is formed so as to be movable along the longitudinal direction of the pillars together with the movable base.
In the present invention, the case where "the winch is installed on the upper part of the column" also includes the case where the winch is installed on the beam connecting the vicinity of the upper end of the column. Also, rectangles include not only rectangles but also squares.

In the first invention, when the winch is driven by the motor to wind up the wire rope, the movable base is lifted by the winch via the wire rope, and as a result, the living space moves vertically upward. On the other hand, when the winch is driven to lower the wire rope, the wire rope is let out from the winch, resulting in downward movement of the living space. That is, in the first invention, operating the winch has the effect of raising or lowering the living space in the vertical direction.

If the pillars are arranged outside the living space, the beams, winches, etc. installed at the upper ends of the pillars become obstacles when the living space is raised. Since they are located inside, the beams and winches mentioned above do not become obstacles when raising the living space. Moreover, unlike the case where the living space is arranged between four pillars, in the disaster-resistant house with the structure described above, the living space is free from restrictions on shape and size.
Furthermore, the mechanisms for raising and lowering the living space, such as posts, winches, motors, and wire ropes, are placed inside the living space and are not exposed to the weather, so they are less likely to break down, and in addition, they are less likely to break down. It has the effect of facilitating maintenance and inspection. In addition, since the pillars are not exposed to the outside and the appearance is the same as that of ordinary houses, the disaster-prevention house according to the first invention does not feel uncomfortable even when compared with other houses and blends into the surrounding scenery. It has the effect of being easy.

In addition, in the first invention, unlike the case where the four columns are arranged so as to surround the living space, the four columns are arranged in a grouped state, so that the columns are arranged by beams, braces, etc. In addition to facilitating connection between the columns, it has the effect of simplifying the foundation work for fixing the lower ends of the columns. In the first invention, the movement of the guide frame in the lateral direction of the support is restrained by the first guide support whose upper end is connected to the guide frame and whose part is inserted into the support. have.
Furthermore, in the first invention, unlike the support, the guide frame does not have a structure that moves relative to the living space. As a result, the effect of increasing the strength of the living space is exhibited.

According to a second invention, in the first invention, the guide frame is parallel to the vertical direction, and is erected on the base frame so as to be adjacent to the four pillars. It is characterized by having a second guide post.
In the second invention, in addition to the effects of the first invention, since the guide member is installed on the second guide post that is parallel to the vertical direction and is arranged close to the post, the movable base is a guide. It has the effect of being accurately guided in the vertical direction along the longitudinal direction of the column by the member.

In a third invention based on the second invention, the guide member comprises a guide roller arranged so as to be close to the side surface of the support, and a holding metal fitting that holds the guide roller rotatably around a horizontal rotation axis. , and a fixture to which the holding fixture is attached and which is fixed to the guide post.
In the disaster prevention house of such a structure, in addition to the function of the second invention, even if the living space in a state of being suspended via the wire rope swings due to the influence of the wind, etc. By abutting on the side surface of the support, it has the effect of preventing damage to the fixture due to interference with the support.
In addition, when the living space vibrates in the vertical direction, the guide rollers in contact with the side surfaces of the columns roll along the side surfaces of the columns, thereby weakening the vertical force applied to the fixtures from the columns. .

A fourth invention is the invention according to any one of the first invention to the third invention, wherein the living space comprises a living room section formed so that a support column penetrates the interior in a vertical direction, and a living room section above the living room section. and an attic in which the upper ends of the pillars are provided so as to be able to protrude inward.
In the fourth invention, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to third inventions, when the movable base is grounded, the winch and the motor are arranged inside the attic. , the winch and the motor are easy to inspect and maintain.

A fifth invention is the invention according to any one of the first invention to the fourth invention, wherein a maintenance opening is provided in the upper part of the living space, and a roof covering the maintenance opening is detachable. It is characterized by being installed in
In the fifth invention, in addition to the effects of any one of the first invention to the fourth invention, the winch and motor can be inspected and maintained through the maintenance opening by removing the roof material. Therefore, the effect of the fourth invention that the work is easy is further exhibited.

According to a sixth aspect, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, at least one or more fixed pulleys rotatably installed on the upper part of the column about a horizontal first rotation axis , a plurality of movable pulleys installed on the upper surface of the movable base so as to be rotatable about a second rotation axis parallel to the first rotation axis in the same plane as the fixed pulley, and the number of the movable pulleys is constant. One more pulley than the number of pulleys, and one end of the wire rope is fixed to the top of the support, and the wire rope is wound alternately around the movable pulley and the fixed pulley, and the other end is hoisted up by a winch. and
In such a disaster prevention house, in addition to the action of any one of the first to fifth inventions, for example, when the number of movable pulleys is n, the force of the winch to wind up the wire rope is 2n. This has the effect of making it possible to lift an object of double weight by means of the winch.

A seventh invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first invention to the sixth invention, the storage battery is installed on top of the column.
In addition to the action of any one of the first to sixth inventions, the disaster-prevention house of such structure can It has the effect that the storage battery provides the power necessary for living in the living space when it is suspended and cannot receive power supply from the power transmission line.

According to an eighth invention, in the seventh invention, a photovoltaic power generation facility for charging a storage battery is provided.
In addition to the effect of the seventh invention, the disaster-resistant house with such a structure has the effect of obtaining the electric power necessary for living in the living space by photovoltaic power generation.

As described above, according to the first aspect of the invention, by lifting up the living space with a winch, it is possible to reliably avoid damage due to tsunamis, floods, and the like.
In addition, since the living space moves up and down along the pillars, the attitude of the living space does not easily change during movement, so the living space can be moved accurately to a safe height in a short period of time. In addition, since the size and shape of the living space are not restricted by the pillars, a large living space can be secured.
Furthermore, in the disaster-resistant house according to the first invention, the strength of the pillars and the living space can be easily increased by connecting the pillars with beams, braces, etc., or by connecting the beams constituting the living space to the guide frame. It is excellent in safety because it can be increased. In addition, since the disaster-resistant house according to the first invention easily blends into the surrounding scenery, there is an effect that the installation location is not restricted.
In addition, if the pillars are shortened in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 5, the distance that the movable base can be moved upward along the pillars is shortened, and the living space can be raised to a height sufficient to avoid disasters. In contrast, in the first invention, the movement of the guide frame in the lateral direction of the support is restrained by the first guide support, so that when the living space is raised, the support does not move inside the guide frame. Regardless of whether it is arranged or not, the structure is such that movement of the movable base in the lateral direction of the support is suppressed. In this case, when the living space is raised, the support does not have to be placed inside the guide frame, so it is possible to shorten the support by that amount, and even with such a structure, the movable base can be used as a support. does not decrease the distance that can be moved upward along the . Therefore, in the first invention, it is possible to shorten the column and lower the height of the living space. As a result, in addition to reducing manufacturing costs, lowering the installation location of the winch and motor facilitates their maintenance work, thereby reducing the cost required for maintenance and inspection.

According to the second invention, in addition to the effect of the first invention, since the movable base is accurately guided along the longitudinal direction of the support by the guide member, the living space can be accurately moved to a safe height in a short time. The effect of being able to make it possible is exhibited even more.

According to the third invention, in addition to the effect of the second invention, since the guide member is hard to break, there is an effect that it can be used safely for a long period of time.

According to the fourth invention, in addition to the effect of any one of the first invention to the third invention, since inspection and maintenance of the winch and motor are easy, costs required for maintenance and inspection are reduced. The effect of the first invention is exhibited even more.

According to the fifth invention, in addition to the effect of any one of the first invention to the fourth invention, it is possible to easily perform inspection and maintenance of the winch and the motor through the maintenance opening. , the effect of the first invention that the cost required for maintenance and inspection is reduced is further exhibited.

According to the sixth invention, in addition to the effects of any one of the first invention to the fifth invention, it is not necessary to use an expensive winch with a large hoisting force, and a small and inexpensive winch can be used. Therefore, there is an effect that the manufacturing cost is reduced.

According to the seventh invention, in addition to the effect of any one of the first invention to the sixth invention, it is possible to live in the living space for a certain period of time even in a state where power is not supplied from the power transmission line. It has the effect of being able to In addition, if the motor is an electric motor, it can be driven by the power supplied from the storage battery. By moving the living space upward, the safety of the occupants can be quickly ensured.

According to the eighth invention, in addition to the effects of the seventh invention, since the power generated by the solar power generation equipment is stored in the storage battery, it is possible to live in the living space even when power is not supplied from the power transmission line. can be continued for a longer period than in the case of the seventh invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a state in which the living space is raised in the disaster-resistant house according to the present invention; It is a figure which shows the state which the living space is grounded in the disaster prevention house of FIG. (a) is the figure which looked at the roof of the disaster prevention house shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 from upper direction, (b) is the front view which showed the framework of living space. (a) is a front view of a pillar, and (b) is a diagram showing the state of the lower end of the pillar in the ground. 4(a) is a top view of a column, and FIG. 4(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4(a). (a) is a front view of a movable base, and (b) is a view showing the upper surface of a guide frame. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the base frame; (a) is an enlarged view of the cross section of the guide frame taken along line BB of FIG. 6(a), and (b) is an enlarged view of the portion C in FIG. 6(a). FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which a movable base is lifted by a winch installed on a beam placed on top of a support; FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion D in FIG. 9; 4 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of the control unit; FIG.

The disaster prevention house of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11. FIG. In the following explanation, it is assumed that the living space is installed so that the bottom surface is parallel to the horizontal direction, and the pillars are installed parallel to the vertical direction. Expressions such as "upper end" and "lower end" are used.

FIG.1 and FIG.2 is the front view which showed an example of the external appearance of the disaster prevention house 1 which concerns on this invention. However, FIG. 1 shows a state in which the living space 2 is raised, and FIG. 2 shows a state in which the living space 2 is lowered from the state of FIG. 3(a) is a top view of the roof of the disaster prevention house 1 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, and FIG. 3(b) is a front view showing the framework of the living space 2. As shown in FIG.
1 and 2, illustration of various cables connected to the electric motor and the solar power generation equipment is omitted. Also, in FIG. 3B, illustration of the side plate 6 of the living space 2 is omitted.

In the disaster prevention house of the present invention, a cable that is detachably connected to the lead-in line from the electric wire is used so that the electric power sent from the power plant through the electric wire can be used when a disaster does not occur. installed in the living space. In addition, various types of pipes that are detachably connected to water supply facilities such as water pipes are also installed in living spaces. However, in order to avoid complication of the drawings, the illustration thereof is omitted in FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the disaster-prevention house 1, four square-tube-shaped pillars 3 made of structural steel are erected on root-wrapped concrete 5, which is mostly buried under the ground GL. A living space 2 is installed on a movable base 4 supported by the support 3 so as to be vertically movable. The movable base 4 has a rectangular shape in a plan view, and has a base frame 4b provided in the center with an opening 4c (see FIG. 7) in which four pillars 3 are arranged, and a base frame 4b in which the four pillars 3 are arranged outside. The guide frame 4a is provided at the center of the upper surface of the base frame 4b so as to surround the base frame 4b, and the four first guide posts 27 made of steel are arranged so as to be parallel to each other. The living space 2 fixed to the movable base 4 includes a rectangular parallelepiped living room portion 2a covered with four rectangular side plates 6, and an attic (machine room) provided on the living room portion 2a. 2b.
Furthermore, the four first guide struts 27 have four insertion holes (not shown) provided in the base frame 4b so that the lower ends 27b (see FIG. 1) protrude below the base frame 4b. It communicates with the four struts 3 respectively.
The living room part 2a and the attic 2b are partitioned by a ceiling plate (not shown). Further, when the living space 2 is not raised as shown in FIG. 2, the lower end 27b of the first guide post 27 protruding downward from the base frame 4b is arranged inside the root covering concrete 5 (see FIG. 2). 6(a)). However, this portion is in a state of being inserted in the portion (see FIG. 4(b)) of the support 3 that is buried in the root-wrapping concrete 5. As shown in FIG.

At the top of the attic 2b, a mountain-shaped roof material 7a having a rectangular maintenance opening 7c (see FIG. 3(a)) at the top is installed. A roof material 7b is detachably installed so as to cover the maintenance opening 7c.
The roof material 7b may have a structure in which a lifting hook (not shown) used for lifting the roof material 7b by a crane or the like is attached to the top. Not only a plate material made of resin but also ceramic or resin roof tiles may be used. At least one of the four side plates 6 is provided with an entrance to the living space 2, and a door (not shown) is attached to the entrance so that it can be opened and closed.

A solar cell panel 8 constituting a photovoltaic power generation facility for supplying electric power to an electric motor 38 (see FIG. 11), which will be described later, is installed on the upper surface of the roof material 7a. The pillar 3 penetrates the living room part 2a in the vertical direction, and the pedestal 9 provided at the upper end of the pillar 3 has a storage battery 11 for storing electric power generated by the solar battery panel 8, as well as a door of the living space 2. A control unit 39 (see FIG. 11) for controlling the opening/closing state and the operation of the electric motor 38 and the water tank 10 are installed. Also, in the living space 2, various pipes are installed that are detachably connected to water facilities such as water pipes, and the water tank 10 is connected to the water pipes etc. connected in a detachable state.
As shown in FIG. 3B, the living room portion 2a of the living space 2 includes, in addition to the side plates 6 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of columns 15a and beams 15b made of wood or steel, and braces (axial braces 17d and horizontal braces 17e, which will be described later), and floor boards 16 and ceiling boards (not shown) installed parallel to the beams 15b so as to partition each floor.

In the disaster prevention house 1 with such a structure, when power transmission from the power plant stops due to the occurrence of a disaster such as a tsunami, or when the living space 2 rises and power cannot be supplied from the power transmission line. However, since the power necessary for living in the living space 2 is covered by the storage battery 11, it is possible to live in the living space 2 for a certain period of time.
In addition, in the disaster prevention house 1, the electric motor 38 (see FIG. 11) is driven by the electric power supplied from the storage battery 11. Therefore, even if power transmission from the power plant is immediately stopped due to the occurrence of a disaster, the living space Resident safety can be ensured by quickly moving 2 upward to make it less susceptible to tsunamis and the like.
Furthermore, since the disaster prevention house 1 is equipped with the solar battery panel 8 constituting the solar power generation equipment for charging the storage battery 11, there is no problem even if the power supply from the transmission line continues for a long time. You can live in the living space 2.

FIG. 4(a) is a front view of the column 3, and FIG. 4(b) is a diagram showing the state of the lower end of the column 3 in the ground. 5(a) is a top view of the column 3, and FIG. 5(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4(a). In order to avoid complication of the drawing, only a part of the anchor bolt 14a and the stud dowel 14b are indicated in FIG. 4(b). Further, in FIG. 4(b), illustration of reinforcing bars of the base 13 is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 4( a ), among the four pillars 3 , two adjacent pillars 3 , 3 are made of steel material arranged so as to form four sides of a square when viewed from above. The side surfaces are connected to each other via the set of beams 17a to 17c and shaft braces 17d, 17d.
As shown in FIG. 4(b), crushed stone 12a is spread as the lowest layer in the ground where the lower end of the column 3 is erected, and an unreinforced concrete layer 12b called "abandoned concrete" is laid thereon. formed.
A block-shaped base 13 is formed of concrete on the unreinforced concrete layer 12b, and a root-wrapped concrete 5 is formed on the base 13. As shown in FIG. An anchor bolt 14a is attached to the lower end of the column 3, and a plurality of stud dowels 14b are horizontally attached to the outer peripheral surface.
In addition, it is desirable to perform ground improvement and pile work necessary to increase the bearing capacity of the ground in advance at the place where the support column 3 will be erected.

As shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 5(a), the four columns 3 are arranged to form vertices of a square when viewed from above, and are installed near the upper ends of the columns 3. Four electric motors 38 (see FIG. 11) are attached to the four beams 17a via seismic isolation rubbers 18 on the upper surface. , and the rotation axis of the roller 19a is perpendicular to the beam 17a. Four fixed pulleys 20a and four wire fixtures 20b are installed on the lower surfaces of the four beams 17a. Two of the four struts 3, which are not connected by the beams 17a to 17c, are horizontal braces 17e, 17e (see FIG. 5(b)) arranged to form diagonal lines of a square. ) are connected to each other.

FIG. 6(a) is a front view of the movable base 4, and FIG. 6(b) shows the upper surface of the guide frame 4a. 7 is a plan view of the base frame 4b. 8(a) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the guide frame 4a shown in FIG. 6(a) taken along the line BB, and FIG. 8(b) is an enlarged view of the portion C in FIG. 8(a). is. In addition, in FIG. 6, the root-wrapping concrete 5 is indicated by a dashed line.
As shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), the guide frame 4a includes four second guide posts 28, beams 29a and 29b made of steel, and for each second guide post 28, The base frame 4b has 20 guide members 30, 5 of which are fixed to each other. The base frame 4b has a pulley fixture 22 attached to its upper surface and a plurality of support legs 23 attached to its lower surface.
The four second guide struts 28 are arranged so as to form each vertex of a square when viewed from above, and among them, two adjacent second guide struts 28, 28 Two second guide posts 28 which are not connected by the beams 29a and whose upper end side surfaces are connected to each other via four beams 29a arranged so as to form four sides of a square, 28 are connected to each other by beams 29b, 29b arranged to form diagonals of a square. Upper ends 27a of the four first guide posts 27 are connected to the lower surfaces of the two beams 29b, 29b, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 7, the base frame 4b includes four large beams 24a to 24d made of steel arranged to form each side of a square, and the middle points of the large beams 24c and 24d parallel to each other. A pair of girders 25a, 25a made of steel are arranged symmetrically with respect to a straight line and both ends are connected to girders 24c, 24d, respectively. Four second guide struts 28 constituting the guide frame 4a are erected perpendicularly to the girders 25a, 25a.
In addition, the girders 24c and 24d are arranged symmetrically about a straight line connecting the midpoints of the girders 24c and 24d, and are arranged between the girders 24a and 25a and between the girders 24b and 25a. A pair of girders 25b, 25b made of connected steel materials, and steel materials that are arranged symmetrically about a straight line connecting the midpoints of the girders 24a, 24b that are parallel to each other, and whose ends are connected to the girders 25a, 25a, respectively. A pair of girders 25c, 25c are provided.
When the base frame 4b is viewed from above, the large beams 25a, 25a and part of the large beams 25c, 25c form a square opening 4c in the center of the base frame 4b, in which four pillars 3 can be arranged. ing.

Between the girders 24c and 25c and between the girders 24d and 25c are symmetrical about a straight line connecting the midpoints of the girders 24a and 24b parallel to each other, and both ends are connected to the girders 25a and 25a, respectively. A pair of small girders 26a, 26a made of steel materials that are bonded together are arranged. Further, the large girders 24a and 25b, the large girders 25a and 25b, and the large girders 24b and 25b are connected to each other by small girders 26b and 26c made of steel and arranged on the extension line of the large girders 25c or the small girders 26a. there is
Between the large girders 25a and 25a, between the large girders 24c and the small girders 26a, between the large girders 25c and the small girders 26a, between the large girders 24d and the small girders 26a, and between the large girders 25c and the small girders 26a , horizontal braces 17e, 17e are arranged so as to form diagonal lines of a square. Between the small beams 26b and 26b, between the large beams 24a and 25b, between the large beams 25a and 25b and between the large beams 24b and 25b, horizontal braces 17e, 17e are arranged respectively.

8(a) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the guide frame 4a shown in FIG. 6(a) taken along line BB, and FIG. 8(b) is an enlarged view of the portion C in FIG. 8(a). . In addition, in Fig.8 (a), the support|pillar 3 is shown with the broken line.
As shown in FIG. 8(a), four pairs of movable pulleys 21 are provided on the upper surfaces of the pair of large beams 25a, 25a and the pair of large beams 25c, 25c so as to protrude toward the side where the opening 4c is provided. They are attached via fixtures 22, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 8(b), the guide member 30 is formed of weather-resistant rubber, and includes two guide rollers 31 arranged so as to be adjacent to two adjacent side surfaces of the support 3, and the two guide rollers 31. four holding metal fittings 32 for holding the four guide rollers 31 rotatably around the horizontal rotation axis, and fixed to the second guide post 28, and the four holding metal fittings 32 are attached to the inner surface of the L shape. It consists of a fixing metal fitting 33 which is substantially L-shaped in plan view.
Note that the material of the guide roller 31 is not limited to the rubber described above, and any material having weather resistance and elasticity may be used. For example, the guide rollers 31 can be made of synthetic resin such as elastomer.

According to such a structure, even if the living space 2 suspended via the wire rope 34 (see FIG. 10) swings due to the influence of the wind or the like, the guide roller 31 will not move, as will be described later. By abutting on the side surface of the column 3 , it acts to prevent damage to the fixture 33 due to interference with the column 3 .
Further, when the living space 2 vibrates in the vertical direction, the guide roller 31 in contact with the side surface of the column 3 rolls along the side surface of the column 3, so that the vertical force applied from the column 3 to the fixing bracket 33 is applied. weaken.
Furthermore, in the disaster-prevention house 1, even if the living space 2 swings under the influence of wind or the like and the guide rollers 31 collide with the side surfaces of the support columns 3, the guide rollers 31 are elastically deformed to be fixed from the support columns 3. Since the impact force applied to the fitting 33 is alleviated, the guide member 30 is less likely to break.
Thus, since the guide member 30 is hard to break, the disaster prevention house 1 can be used safely for a long period of time.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which the movable base 4 is lifted by the winch 19 installed on the beam 17a arranged on the upper part of the support 3, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of part D in FIG.
9 and 10, the illustration of various cables connected to the electric motor 38 (see FIG. 11) and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is omitted. 17d is indicated by a dashed line.
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a fixed pulley 20a is attached to the lower surface of the beam 17a so as to be rotatable about a horizontal rotation axis in the same plane as the roller 19a of the winch 19. As shown in FIG. Two movable pulleys 21, 21 are rotatably held on the same plane as the fixed pulley 20a by a pulley fixture 22 installed on the upper surface of the base frame 4b about a horizontal rotation axis.

The fixed pulley 20a and the two movable pulleys 21, 21 are alternately wound with a wire rope 34, one end of which is wound around the roller 19a of the winch 19 and the other end of which is fixed by a wire fixture 20b.
That is, in the disaster prevention house 1, the winch 19 fixed to the post 3 via the beam 17a is connected to the base frame 4b of the movable base 4 via the wire rope 34, the movable pulleys 21, 21 and the pulley fixture 22. When the roller 19 a of the winch 19 is rotated to wind up one end of the wire rope 34 , the movable base 4 is lifted up and rises along the column 3 . When the roller 19a of the winch 19 is rotated in the direction opposite to that described above, one end of the wire rope 34 is wound down, so that the movable base 4 is lowered.

When the winches 19 are operated to wind up the wire ropes 34 respectively, a predetermined amount of tension is generated in the wire ropes 34 . Assuming that the magnitude of this tension is T, downward forces of magnitudes 2T and T are applied to the fixed pulley 20a and the wire fixture 20b via the wire rope 34, and downward forces of magnitude T are applied to the winch 19. Force is applied via wire rope 34 . In this case, the force with which the winch 19 winds up the wire rope 34 is T.
On the other hand, the magnitude of the upward force applied to the two movable pulleys 21, 21 via the wire rope 34 is 2T. That is, when the wire rope 34 is hoisted by the winch 19 with a force of T, an upward force of 4T is applied to the movable base 4 through the pulley fixture 22 to which the two movable pulleys 21, 21 are attached. will occur.
However, the disaster prevention house 1 is equipped with four sets of the above-described mechanisms, each of which includes the winch 19, the fixed pulley 20a, the wire fixture 20b, and the movable pulleys 21,21. Therefore, when the four winches 19 are operated to wind up the four wire ropes 34 respectively, an upward force of 16 T is generated on the movable base 4 .
Since the living space 2 is fixed to the upper surface of the base frame 4b of the movable base 4, when the movable base 4 is lifted by four wire ropes 34, eight movable pulleys 21 and four The total weight of the pulley fixture 22, the movable base 4 and the living space 2 corresponds to an upward force of the magnitude of 16T mentioned above. That is, in the disaster prevention house 1 , one winch 19 can lift an object with a weight equivalent to 16 times the force required to wind up one wire rope 34 .

The number of movable pulleys 21 and fixed pulleys 20a is not limited to that shown in FIG. For example, when the number of movable pulleys 21 is n and the number of fixed pulleys 20a is (n−1), the winch 19 lifts an object having a weight equivalent to 2n times the force with which the wire rope 34 is hoisted. will be That is, in the disaster-resistant house 1, the winch 19 does not have to have a high hoisting capacity, so the manufacturing cost can be reduced by using a small and inexpensive winch.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of the control unit.
As shown in FIG. 11, the disaster prevention house 1 includes a sensor 35a that detects the grounding state of the support leg 23 of the movable base 4, a sensor 35b that detects the length of the wire rope 34 wound up by the winch 19, and a disaster alarm. A communication unit 36 that emits _a disaster occurrence signal P1 when received, an electronic lock 37 attached to the aforementioned door installed on the side plate 6 of the living space 2, the aforementioned electric motor 38 that drives the winch 19, and an electronic A control unit 39 is provided for controlling the operation of the lock 37 .
When the control unit 39 receives the disaster occurrence signal P1 issued by the communication unit 36, it sends _a hoisting start signal _Q1 to the electric motor .
The electric motor 38 that has received the winding start signal _Q1 drives the winch 19 to rotate the roller 19a in the direction in which the wire rope 34 is wound up. As a result, the living space 2 is lifted together with the movable base 4 by the winch 19 via the wire rope 34 and moves upward.
When the sensor 35b detects that the living space ₂ has reached a predetermined height and the winch 19 has hoisted the wire rope 34 by a predetermined length, it sends a hoisting end signal P2 to the control unit 39.
The control unit 39 receives the hoisting end signal P2 from the sensor 35b and sends a hoisting stop signal _Q2 to the electric motor 38. _The electric motor 38 receives the hoisting stop signal _Q2 and stops driving the winch 19. do. As a result, the rotation of the roller 19a is stopped and the wire rope 34 is no longer wound up, so that the living space 2 is fixed to the pillar 3 after being moved to a predetermined height from the ground GL as shown in FIG.

When the sensor 35a detects that the lower surface of the support leg 23 of the movable base 4 is separated from the ground GL _, the sensor 35a issues a lift start signal P3. Further, when the sensor 35a detects that the lower surface of the support leg 23 has touched the ground after issuing the rising start signal P3 _, the sensor 35a issues a grounding signal _P4 .
The control unit 39 sends a lock signal _Q3 to the electronic lock ₃₇ upon receiving the lift start signal P3 generated by the sensor 35a. Then, the electronic lock 37 that receives the lock signal _Q3 locks the door of the living space 2 .
_On the other hand, when the control unit 39 receives the ground signal P4 emitted by the sensor 35a, it sends an unlocking signal _Q4 to the electronic lock 37, and the electronic lock 37 receives the unlocking signal _Q4 . unlock the door.

As described above, in the disaster prevention house 1, when a disaster occurs, the winch 19 is automatically driven by the electric motor 38 to start lifting the living space 2. Therefore, when a disaster occurs, a tsunami, a flood, or the like can occur. The safety of the occupant can be promptly secured by raising the living space 2 to a height at which the damage is not likely to occur in a short period of time.
In addition, in the disaster-prevention house 1, the door is always locked while the living space 2 is being lifted. There is no risk of falling. Therefore, the disaster prevention house 1 is excellent in safety.
Furthermore, since the living space 2 moves up and down along the four pillars 3, the posture of the living space 2 does not easily change during movement. In addition, in the disaster prevention house 1, guide members 30 are installed on four second guide posts 28 arranged in parallel with the vertical direction and close to the four posts 3, respectively. is accurately guided in the vertical direction along the longitudinal direction of the column 3 by the guide member 30, the living space 2 can be accurately moved to a safe height in a short time.

When the support 3 is arranged outside the living space 2, the beam 17a and the winch 19 installed at the upper end of the support 3 become obstacles when the living space 2 is raised. However, in the disaster prevention house 1, since the support 3 is arranged inside the living space 2, the beam 17a, the winch 19 and the like do not become an obstacle when the living space 2 is raised.
That is, the structure allows the living space 2 to move upward from the pillars 3, and does not require high pillars 3, so that the disaster prevention house 1 can be manufactured at low cost.
Furthermore, in the disaster prevention house 1, unlike the case where the living space 2 is arranged between four pillars 3, the living space 2 is not restricted by the pillars 3 in terms of shape and size. can be ensured.

In the disaster prevention house 1, mechanisms for raising and lowering the living space 2, such as the pillars 3, the winch 19, the electric motor 38, and the wire ropes 34, are arranged inside the living space 2, and are not exposed to wind and rain. Hard to break down. Furthermore, since maintenance and inspection of the mechanism are easy, the disaster-resistant house 1 reduces the cost required for maintenance and inspection.
In addition, since the pillars 3 are not exposed to the outside and the appearance is the same as that of a normal house, the disaster prevention house 1 does not feel uncomfortable even when compared with other houses and easily blends into the surrounding scenery. Therefore, the disaster prevention house 1 has the effect that the installation location is not restricted.

Unlike the case where the four support columns 3 are arranged to surround the living space 2, in the disaster prevention house 1, the four support columns 3 are arranged in a group. In addition to being easily connected to each other by means of the braces 17d and the like, there is an effect that the foundation work for fixing the lower ends of the columns 3 is simplified. As a result, the cost required for foundation work can be reduced.
In addition, unlike the strut 3, the guide frame 4a is not structured to move relative to the living space 2. Therefore, the beam 15b can be connected to the guide frame 4a for the purpose of increasing the strength of the living space 2. be. That is, the disaster prevention house 1 is excellent in safety because the strength of the four support columns 3 and the living space 2 can be easily increased.
Furthermore, in the disaster prevention house 1, the movement of the guide frame 4a in the lateral direction of the support 3 is restricted by the first guide support 27 whose upper end 27a is connected to the guide frame 4a and whose part is inserted into the support 3. be done. For example, if the disaster prevention house 1 does not have the first guide post 27 as in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 5, it is necessary to restrain the lateral movement of the living space 2 when the living space 2 rises. In addition, it is necessary to have a structure in which the strut 3 is arranged inside the guide frame 4a. In this case, if the struts 3 are shortened, the distance that the movable base 4 can be moved upward along the struts 3 is shortened, making it difficult to raise the living space 2 to a height sufficient to avoid disasters. . As described above, in the disaster prevention house 1 provided with the first guide post 27, the first guide post 27 partially inserted into the post 3 functions as the central pillar of the living space 2, thereby The strength of space 2 is improved. Further, since the first guide strut 27 restrains the lateral movement of the guide frame 4a of the strut 3, whether or not the strut 3 is arranged inside the guide frame 4a when the living space 2 is raised is determined. Regardless, the movement of the movable base 4 in the lateral direction of the column 3 is suppressed. That is, in the disaster-resistant house 1, since the support 3 does not need to be arranged inside the guide frame 4a when the living space 2 is raised, the support 3 can be shortened accordingly. Even when the disaster prevention house 1 has such a structure, the distance over which the movable base 4 can be moved upward along the pillars 3 is not shortened. Therefore, according to the disaster-resistant house 1, it is possible to shorten the columns 3 and make the living space 2 low-rise. In this way, when the living space 2 is made low-rise, in addition to the manufacturing cost being reduced, the positions where the winch 19 and the electric motor 38 are installed are lowered, so that the maintenance work thereof becomes easier, and maintenance and inspections are required. It has the advantage of reducing costs.

In the above-described embodiment, the four struts 3 and the four second guide struts 28 are arranged so as to form the vertices of a square when viewed from above. The guide posts 28 may be arranged to form each vertex of the rectangle. Further, the base frame 4b may have a structure that is not substantially square but substantially rectangular in plan view. Even in such a case, the functions and effects of the present invention described above are exhibited in the same manner. Furthermore, the post 3 may have a cylindrical shape instead of a rectangular tube shape. A structure in which the winch 19 is driven by a hydraulic motor instead of the electric motor 38 may also be employed.

The present invention can be used not only in coastal areas susceptible to tsunami damage, but also in mountainous areas where floods and debris flows are likely to occur.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Disaster prevention house 2... Living space 2a... Living room part 2b... Attic 3... Post 4... Movable base 4a... Guide frame 4b... Foundation frame 4c... Opening part 5... Concrete wrapped around roots 6... Side plate 7a, 7b... Roof material 7c... Maintenance opening 8 Solar cell panel 9 Base 10 Water tank 11 Storage battery 12a Crushed stone 12b Plain concrete layer 13 Base 14a Anchor bolt 14b Stud dowel 15a Column 15b Beam 16 Floor plate 17a~ 17c... Beam 17d... Shaft brace 17e... Horizontal brace 18... Seismic isolation rubber 19... Winch 19a... Roller 20a... Fixed pulley 20b... Wire fixture 21... Movable pulley 22... Pulley fixture 23... Support legs 24a to 24d... Large beam 25a ~25c... Large beam 26a to 26c... Small beam 27... First guide post 27a... Upper end 27b... Lower end 28... Second guide post 29a, 29b... Beam 30... Guide member 31... Guide roller 32... Holding metal fitting 33... Fixing Hardware 34 Wire rope 35a, 35b Sensor 36 Communication unit 37 Electronic lock 38 Electric motor 39 Control unit GL Ground

Claims (8)

four cylindrical support columns parallel to the vertical direction and arranged to form vertices of a rectangle when viewed from above;
Living space with this support installed inside,
a movable base that supports the living space from below;
a guide member for guiding the movable base along the longitudinal direction of the support so that the movable base moves only in the vertical direction;
a plurality of beams connecting two of the four pillars adjacent to each other;
a wire rope partially connected to the movable base;
a winch installed on the upper part of the support so as to be able to lift the movable base via the wire rope;
a motor that drives the winch,
The movable base is
a base frame having a rectangular shape in a plan view and having an opening in the center in which the four pillars are arranged;
a guide frame provided at the center of the upper surface of the base frame so as to surround the four pillars from the outside;
and four first guide struts whose upper ends are connected to the guide frame,
The base frame has four insertion holes through which the first guide struts are inserted respectively,
the four first guide struts are communicated with the four insertion holes and the four struts so that lower ends protrude downward from the base frame,
The disaster-prevention house, wherein the living space is formed so as to be movable along the longitudinal direction of the pillar together with the movable base. The guide frame is
It is characterized by comprising four second guide struts that are parallel to the vertical direction and stand on the base frame so as to be close to the four struts, respectively, and on which the guide members are installed. The disaster prevention house according to claim 1. The guide member is
a guide roller disposed adjacent to a side surface of the support;
a holding metal fitting that holds the guide roller rotatably around a horizontal axis of rotation;
3. The disaster-resistant house according to claim 2, further comprising: a fixing metal fitting to which the holding metal fitting is attached and which is fixed to the second guide post. The living space is
a living room portion formed so that the support column penetrates the interior in a vertical direction;
4. The disaster-resistant house according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an attic which is provided above the living room portion and formed so that the upper end of the support can protrude inward. 5. The living space according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an opening for maintenance is provided in the upper part of the living space, and a roof material covering the opening for maintenance is detachably installed. The disaster prevention housing described in the item. at least one or more fixed pulleys rotatably installed on the top of the column about a horizontal first rotation axis;
a plurality of movable pulleys rotatably installed on the upper surface of the movable base in the same plane as the fixed pulley about a second rotation axis parallel to the first rotation axis;
The number of the movable pulleys is one more than the number of the fixed pulleys,
The wire rope is
One end of which is fixed to the top of the support,
6. The disaster-resistant house according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the other end is wound up by the winch while being alternately wound around the movable pulley and the fixed pulley. 7. The disaster-resistant house according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a storage battery is installed on top of the support. 8. The disaster-resistant house according to claim 7, further comprising a photovoltaic power generation facility for charging the storage battery.

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