JP7284365B2 - Disaster prevention underground shelter - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a disaster prevention underground shelter that serves as an evacuation facility in the event of a natural disaster or emergency disaster, and relates to a disaster prevention underground shelter that is excellent in earthquake resistance, waterproofness, functionality and safety in addition to shielding and durability. .

Conventionally, various proposals have been made for underground shelters and basements. Underground shelters are designed to minimize the impact of blast waves, shock waves, vibrations, radiation, dust, gas, fire, heat, electromagnetic waves, etc. caused by blast waves in a manner that is suitable for construction costs and ground conditions. required to be retained.

Especially in disaster prevention underground shelters, the primary purpose is to safely protect the people and goods inside from various possible external hazards. require a protective structure.
On the other hand, the basement, which is common for creating a space underground, is often used as a hobby or entertainment room such as an audio room, music lesson room, living room, bedroom, etc., and has a structure that meets the legal requirements for a residential basement. It is hoped that it can be constructed within the scope in a shorter period of time and at a lower cost.

For example, the main body structure of the underground shelter described in Patent Document 1 forms a pressure-resistant plate on a pressure plate supported by a plurality of piles driven into the ground, and a box-shaped structure made of high-strength concrete is formed on the pressure plate. The inner shell of the shelter and load-bearing partition walls are provided, and the outer surface of the inner shell of the shelter, which is the wall and ceiling surface, excluding the bottom surface, is covered with the outer shell of iron plates. It has a structure in which the bottom surface and the waterproof coating film between the pressure plate are integrally coated.

The main body structure of the basement described in Patent Document 2 has a metal plate fixed to the outer surface of a core material such as shaped steel, and a floor, wall, and ceiling panel fixed to the inner side with a non-metallic inner plate. The short side direction is a gate-shaped Rahmen structure, and the long side direction is a quake-resistant wall structure assembled into a box-shaped unit. The entire outer surface of this basement is made of a metal plate to ensure waterproofness and moisture resistance. The structure is covered with a membrane and synthetic resin mortar.

In this way, the disaster prevention underground shelter is constructed as an evacuation space against natural disasters and emergency disasters. Therefore, it is essential to adopt a structure suitable for that purpose. For this reason, it is necessary to devise a structure unique to each shelter in each component part constituting the shelter.

In other words, the ladders and stairs for going up and down to the main body of the shelter, which is a residential compartment buried or built underground, are often installed in a narrow space. and easy to move.

Common configurations currently employed for access between surface doorways and subterranean shelter bodies are linear or spiral staircases and vertically traveling ladder configurations.

For example, it consists of multiple landings provided between the above-ground entrance and the underground shelter and multiple lifting means (ramps). A lifting device for an underground shelter with a height that allows easy removal of luggage placed on the upper landing, each landing having an area where it is possible to stand up against the upper landing, and a steep ramp. has been proposed (see Patent Document 3).

In addition, for example, in an underground shelter connected to a shelter dog made of concrete, a housing that can be moved up and down by a lifting drive device along one or more shelter rails fixed to the floor near the inner circumference of the shelter dog. has been proposed (see Patent Document 4).

JP 2005-240452 A JP-A-9-78609 JP 2015-17367 A JP 2014-198984 A

In other words, regarding the structure of the underground shelters or basements described in these documents, in addition to shielding and durability, there are a number of things that need to be done in order to make them safer underground shelters that pursue earthquake resistance, waterproofness, and functionality. There is such a problem, and in addition to shielding and durability, it is desirable to have sufficient performance in terms of earthquake resistance, waterproofness, and functionality. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a disaster prevention underground shelter that enables the safe, easy and quick evacuation of people and goods, in addition to shielding and durability, as well as earthquake resistance and waterproof functions. .

Therefore, the disaster prevention underground shelter of the present invention is a housing structure surrounded by steel outer wall plates and reinforcing plates installed in a buried pit excavated from the ground surface. A shelter dog that serves as a residential compartment equipped with an air filtration purifier that allows outside air to be taken in through a duct, an entrance building for people and goods with a waterproof armored door protruding above the ground, and an interior and underground shelter in this entrance building. A disaster prevention underground shelter provided with an elevator consisting of a pantograph-type hydraulic lift mechanism that raises and lowers a boarding box between an underground doorway of a dog and a storage battery that drives the elevator, in which the hydraulic lift always raises the pantograph. A ladder-shaped internal emergency ramp extends from the basement to the roof of the entrance/exit building on the inner wall of the entrance/exit building, and extends from the ground to the roof of the entrance/exit building on the outer wall of the entrance/exit building. A ladder-shaped external emergency ramp is installed, and on the roof of the entrance/exit building, an emergency hatch and its opening/closing lid for the internal emergency ramp, a solar panel for battery charging, a TV antenna, and an external surveillance camera are installed. A first feature is that the living area is separated from the entrance/exit ridge by a load-bearing partition wall provided with a partition door. A second feature is that a backup device is provided to operate the air filtration cleaner by manually turning the crank when the storage battery is fully consumed or when the commercial power supply is cut off.

It is desirable to install the underground shelter as deep as possible in a way that is compatible with workability, economic efficiency, ground conditions, etc., and cover the ceiling surface with soil. At the same time, in Japan, where the temperature and humidity are high and the groundwater level is high, reliable waterproof and moisture-proof properties are also required, and it must be rational and highly durable.

The present invention configured as described above has the following excellent effects.
(1) Enables safe, easy and quick evacuation movement of people and goods in a narrow space between the entrance on the ground level and the shelter dog, which is a residential section buried underground.
(2) In normal times, for example, it can be used as a study as a soundproof room, a hobby room such as an audio room, or a storehouse for storing food and drinking water. Equipped with, it is possible to prevent water from entering the shelter dog.

1 is a partially cutaway structural conceptual diagram of a disaster prevention underground shelter according to the present invention; FIG.

A disaster prevention underground shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
As shown in FIG. 1, a shelter dog 1 serving as a living compartment is buried in a buried pit 2 excavated from the ground surface GL. Shelter dog 1 is a housing structure surrounded by steel outer wall plates and reinforcing rib plates, etc. The outer surface is coated with anti-rust paint, and by being buried in the ground, it is completely safe from the outside air. It is made possible to create a basement space.

The underground shelter dog 1 according to the present invention is made by digging a hole about 5 to 6 m deep from the ground surface GL, leveling the bottom surface, and then leveling concrete in order to improve workability such as surveying. to prepare for shelter installation. After that, the upper surface of the shelter dog 1 is backfilled with soil. Covering soil when backfilling is also important for underground shelters, and can greatly improve shielding performance against heat from fires and gamma radiation from radiation disasters.

The structure of the entrance/exit building 3 that protrudes above the ground at the entrance/exit of the underground shelter according to the present invention is selected according to the site conditions including the possibility of flooding disasters at the planned construction site of the shelter and the customer's request including construction costs. . In the standard specification, there is a shelter dog 1 and a ground building 3 with an entrance and exit, and at the entrance and exit, shock waves, wind pressure, vibrations, radiation, fragments of bombs, dust, gas, fire and heat, electromagnetic waves, and A waterproof armored door 4 having a performance to protect the interior against flooding is provided, and the structure is designed to be perfect against any disaster.

An elevator 5 as a lifting device is provided in the room of the entrance building 3, and the elevation is set according to the buried depth of the shelter dog 1. A partition door 10 is also provided on the load-bearing partition wall that separates the entrance/exit building 3 and the shelter dog 1. For example, the entrance/exit building 3 functions as an airlock room and a decontamination room that removes radioactive substances. can also In addition, the underground space can maintain a constant room temperature even when sudden temperature changes such as heat or cold waves occur, preventing secondary damage such as physical exhaustion and illness during evacuation life. can.

Completely sealing the interior of the shelter dog 1 reduces the risk of intrusion of harmful substances, but oxygen decreases over time. Therefore, it is possible to ventilate the room while removing harmful substances in the outside air by using the air filter purifier 13 which can take in the outside air through the ventilation duct 14 .
This air filtration purifier 13 can be operated by turning on a switch when commercial power is supplied. The storage battery 9 can be used as a backup power supply in situations where commercial power is not supplied due to a power failure or the like.

The storage battery 9 is automatically switched to the charging state when commercial power is resupplied. The air filter purifier 13 can be operated. Although not shown, the filter built into the air filter purifier 13 is composed of a multi-layered pre-filter, HEP filter, and carbon filter in this order so that outside air can pass through to remove substances harmful to the human body, such as radioactive substances. It is In addition, an automatic ventilation blower is attached to the air filter purifier 13, and by ventilating the air inside the shelter dog 1 in normal times, it is possible to reduce moisture and prevent the occurrence of mold and the like. ing.

Next, the elevator (lifting mechanism for raising and lowering the boarding box 6) 5 will be described. The lift mechanism 5 is provided on the upper surface of the base 7 . The lift mechanism 5 is composed of a multi-stage pantograph 5 a driven by a hydraulic pump 8 . That is, it has a structure in which arm members 5b that are crossed and connected are provided in a plurality of stages. are placed in

The upper end of the lower arm member 5b and the lower end of the upper arm member 5b are rotatably supported, and by increasing the inclination angle of the intersecting arm members 5b, the pantograph 5a moves upward. Extend. A lower end of one of the lower arm members 5b is supported by a rotating shaft (not shown) fixed to the base 7. As shown in FIG. A rolling wheel (not shown) is provided at the other lower end of the lower arm member 5b so that it can move forward and backward along a rail on the base 7. As shown in FIG.

Also, the upper ends of the upper arm members 5b are connected by a biasing member (for example, a hydraulic cylinder). The biasing member is arranged so that a biasing force always acts in the direction toward the inside of the fuselage (the direction in which the pantograph is raised). With this configuration, it is possible to constantly apply a force that resists the force (gravity) applied to the boarding box 6 in the downward direction. Power consumption can be saved.

A ladder-shaped inner emergency ramp 12 and an outer emergency ramp 11 are provided on the inner and outer walls of the entrance/exit building 3 from the ground to the basement. On the roof of the access building 3, an emergency hatch 15 of an internal emergency ramp 12 and its opening/closing lid 15a, a battery charging solar panel 16, a television antenna 17 and an external monitoring camera 17a are mounted.

The living compartments of the shelter dog 1 are separated by load-bearing partition walls. In addition, an underfloor storage room 18 and an opening/closing hatch 18a are provided as a storeroom for supplies, so that emergency supplies, drinking water, and foodstuffs can be stockpiled. When used as a living space, arbitrary furniture such as a bed 19, a portable toilet 20, a television and a sofa 22 can be installed.

In the above description, the case of using the present invention as a personal underground shelter has been described, but it can be used in public underground shelters, underground shelters for research facilities, other computer equipment protection underground shelters, underground safes, underground warehouses, etc., as necessary. It can be applied to various uses. It can also be used as a room for hobbies and entertainment, such as an audio room, music lesson room, living room, and bedroom.

1 shelter dog 2 burial pit 3 entrance/exit building 4 waterproof armored door 5 elevator (pantograph lift mechanism)
5a pantograph 5b arm member 6 elevating box (boarding housing)
6a Elevator switch 7 Elevator base 8 Hydraulic pump 9 Storage battery 10 Middle partition door 11 External emergency ramp 12 Internal emergency ramp 13 Air filter purifier 14 Ventilation duct 15 Emergency hatch 15a open/close lid 16 Battery filling sorter panel 17 Television Antenna 17a External surveillance camera 18 Underfloor storage 18a Storage hatch 19 Bed 20 Simple toilet 21 TV 22 Sofa

Claims (2)

Installed in a buried pit excavated from the ground surface. The structure is surrounded by steel outer walls and reinforcing plates. A shelter dog that serves as a living compartment equipped with a filtration purifier, an entrance wing for people and goods with a waterproof armored door that protrudes above the ground, and a boarding box between the interior of this entrance wing and the underground entrance of the underground shelter dog. In a disaster prevention underground shelter provided with an elevator consisting of a pantograph type hydraulic lift mechanism that moves up and down, and a storage battery that drives the elevator, the hydraulic lift is always arranged so that a biasing force acts in the direction of raising the pantograph, On the inner wall of the entrance/exit building, there is a ladder-shaped internal emergency ramp extending from the basement to the roof of the entrance/exit building, and on the outer wall of the entrance/exit building is a ladder-shaped external emergency ramp extending from the ground to the roof of the entrance/exit building. In addition, on the roof of the entrance/exit building, an emergency hatch for the internal emergency ramp and its opening/closing lid, a solar panel for battery charging, a TV antenna and an external surveillance camera are installed, and a partition door is installed in the residential compartment. A disaster prevention underground shelter, characterized in that it is separated from the entrance building by a load-bearing partition wall. 2. A disaster prevention underground shelter according to claim 1, further comprising a backup device for manually turning a crank to operate the air filtering purifier when the storage battery is fully consumed or when the commercial power supply fails.

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