WO2017047026A1 - Evacuation capsule - Google Patents

Evacuation capsule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017047026A1
WO2017047026A1 PCT/JP2016/003973 JP2016003973W WO2017047026A1 WO 2017047026 A1 WO2017047026 A1 WO 2017047026A1 JP 2016003973 W JP2016003973 W JP 2016003973W WO 2017047026 A1 WO2017047026 A1 WO 2017047026A1
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evacuation
capsule
steel
concrete
evacuation capsule
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PCT/JP2016/003973
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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矢野　昭彦
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株式会社ライフル
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Priority to JP2017540483A priority Critical patent/JPWO2017047026A1/en
Publication of WO2017047026A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017047026A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an evacuation capsule for evacuation for disaster prevention that can be installed in or near an existing building.
  • Patent Document 1 it can be purchased in many households, placed in one corner of the garden, and evacuated from a tsunami or other flood by evacuating into a lightweight and strong capsule in the event of a flood
  • a capsule body 11 having a generally bowl shape and a lower part is integrally formed of resin, and a framework for covering the top of the capsule body with a waterproof sheet cover 54 is constructed.
  • the waterproof seat cover is provided with an entrance door 56, the capsule body is provided with a space where at least four adults can sit with knees, and a seat belt is attached.
  • An invention has been proposed in which a weight 17 and a base 17 with casters are attached.
  • the above prior art has the disadvantage that the capsule body is made of resin and is structurally weak and can only be used for evacuation.
  • the present invention includes a steel box-shaped structure, an inlet provided at a front portion of the structure, and a weight provided at a rear portion of the structure. Evacuation capsule.
  • the weight is made of concrete and / or a steel plate.
  • the front part of the evacuation capsule rises from the water surface due to the action of the weight, the steel door becomes the upper part, and the rear part sinks. Intrusion of water from the door can be prevented. Rescue from steel doors. Increased capsule strength increases safety. Since it has a simple structure, it can be placed in or in the vicinity of the house, so it can also be used for normal living.
  • Evacuation capsules can be used not only in earthquakes but also in tsunamis, secondary disasters such as fires and debris flows, and can be safely evacuated by the elderly and people with disabilities. High, innovative and more reliable performance can be provided.
  • Evacuation capsules can be placed near homes such as homes, so they can enter and exit from the ground in an emergency and can evacuate immediately.
  • emergency evacuation is easy because the evacuation chute is provided downward from the entrance.
  • the steel door can be locked from the inside by the refill rod, the pressure resistance of the steel door can be increased so that the steel door is not opened by an external force in the event of a disaster. When not in use, it can be stored in a place that does not get in the way, such as the ceiling.
  • the evacuation capsule can be connected vertically and horizontally and used as a collective capsule, so that it is possible to accommodate other people.
  • an evacuation capsule 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a steel box-shaped structure 2, a steel door 3 provided at the front of the structure 2, and a structure 2.
  • the weight 4 provided in the rear part, the internal space 5, the hook 6, and the hanging part 7 are provided.
  • the hook 6 and the hanging part 7 are provided at the front part of the structure 2.
  • bunk beds can be arranged in the internal space 5 of the evacuation capsule 1, it can be used even in ordinary houses other than during evacuation.
  • the evacuation capsule 1 is arranged inside the house 100 and can be selected and arranged so that it can be entered from outside or inside.
  • the house 100 includes a foundation 101.
  • a parking lot 102 is provided in the site, and a section of the automobile 103 is provided.
  • a fence 400 is appropriately provided around the garden 300.
  • the evacuation capsule 1 is designed to withstand a water pressure of 200 kN / m 2 at a water depth of 20 meters. It can also withstand typhoons and tornadoes.
  • the steel door 3 may have a double lid structure in order to withstand crashing performance and impact of a crashing object caused by a tsunami, thereby improving impact resistance.
  • the design of the evacuation capsule 1 is performed based on the design of the main body calculated when the structure 2 is vertically loaded and when the tsunami is loaded, and the foundation when the structure 2 is installed is based on the calculation under the vertical load. Moreover, based on the calculation at the time of a tsunami load, it is possible to connect the concrete around the main body and the surrounding foundation.
  • the tsunami wave pressure calculation formula is calculated according to the new guidelines based on the building damage caused by the tsunami in the Great East Japan Earthquake.
  • the calculation of the foundation is performed according to the calculation formula of the foundation embedded in the ground used for road signs.
  • Building area is preferably set within 10 m 2 which regulations are exempt (e.g. 9m 2 or less).
  • the size of the structure 2 can be changed depending on conditions such as existing buildings and the number of people accommodated.
  • the planar installation location of the structure 2 is selected so that the evacuation capsule 1 can be easily separated from the house 100 at the time of evacuation.
  • the size of the structure 2 is exemplified by a length of 2500 mm, a width of 1400 mm, and a height of 1100 mm.
  • the wall of the structure 2 is obtained by sandwiching a concrete plate from two sides with two or more steel plates (thickness is set thinner than the concrete thickness) and integrating them.
  • the thickness of an iron plate is 3 mm and the thickness of a concrete plate is 6 cm.
  • the steel door 3 has a single or double door structure and has a fireproof structure.
  • a single opening with a hinge is preferred.
  • the weight 4 is made of concrete and / or steel plate.
  • An oxygen cylinder is prepared in the internal space 5. Blowing out oxygen increases the chances of lifesaving.
  • the oxygen capacity in the internal space 5 does not have oxygen respiration, so oxygen is supplied from an oxygen cylinder installed in advance. Since the oxygen cylinder varies depending on conditions such as the number of persons accommodated, children, and adults, a capacity for staying inside the capsule 1 is secured.
  • the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations necessary to maintain safe and secure living in the evacuation capsule 1 can be confirmed with an indoor densitometer. It is possible to adjust the oxygen concentration by injecting an attached oxygen can. Similarly, the concentration of carbon dioxide can be adjusted. Here, the oxygen concentration in the target value capsule 1 is 20%. Necessary apparatuses are an oxygen supply device set, an atmospheric pressure adjustment device, a carbon dioxide reduction device set, and the like. The oxygen concentration lower limit is 18% of the safety limit for oxygen in the air, and the carbon dioxide concentration upper limit is 0.5% of the occupational health long-term safety limit for the carbon dioxide concentration. .
  • a pressure reducing valve for releasing the pressure of the gas inside the structure 2 is also provided. It also has water supply parts. In order to prevent an excessive increase of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is adsorbed with a slaked lime aqueous solution or zeolite to reduce carbon dioxide. Since the storage battery is full by the solar power generation panel, the storage battery is configured to continue to drive the slaked lime pump.
  • the outside air temperature, the inside air temperature, the oxygen concentration, and the carbon dioxide concentration can be entered every predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes). In mid-winter, when the tsunami invades, the temperature of the outdoor thermometer rises, so you can see that the tsunami has come at night.
  • the monitor can also display oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, etc.
  • communication functions such as a mobile phone, a satellite phone, and a transceiver are provided.
  • a simple toilet, AED, disaster prevention goods, etc. are also provided.
  • the hook 6 and the hanging part 7 are used to pick up and move the structure 2.
  • the structure 2 is manufactured by bonding six wall surfaces by welding, and a steel door 3 is attached, and the hook 6 and the hanging portion 7 are fixed by welding or the like. Other joining means such as adhesion and fasteners may be used.
  • the structure 2 is on-site construction, it may be manufactured and carried in advance in a factory, which is suitable for mass production. Since these parts are heavy, they are carried into the house 100 by a truck crane or appropriately arranged in the vicinity.
  • the steel door becomes the upper part, and the rear part sinks. Intrusion of water from the steel door 3 to the inside can be prevented. Rescue from the steel door 3. Since it can be placed in or near the house, it can also be used for normal life. For example, it can be normally used as a bedroom.
  • the evacuation capsule 1 is necessary not only in earthquakes, but also in secondary disasters such as tsunamis, fires, and debris flows, and can be safely evacuated by the elderly and people with disabilities. High performance, innovative and more reliable performance.
  • the cost can be reduced compared to the construction of the evacuation capsule 1 alone.
  • the evacuation capsule 1 Since the evacuation capsule 1 is arranged near the house 100 such as a home, it can enter and exit from the ground in an emergency and can evacuate immediately. Evacuate immediately even in an emergency. Elderly people, people with disabilities and infants can evacuate within 3 minutes from the occurrence of an earthquake warning. Even if they are submerged in a tsunami, they can secure oxygen and other items necessary for life support for at least three days. We can provide an environment where people can live safely and securely.
  • the evacuation capsule 1 Since the water pressure resistance is 2 atm (equivalent to a water depth of 20 m) and the evacuation capsule 1 has an air adjustment function such as oxygen assuming that the evacuation capsule 1 is submerged, for example, even four adults have at least three days in the evacuation capsule 1 You can store food and water that you can live in.
  • the structure 2 is a precast concrete structure, it is possible to eliminate the trouble of making and removing a temporary frame and the disposal fee.
  • the steel door 3 has a double door structure with a steel fireproof board, the fireproof performance is enhanced.
  • the evacuation capsules 201 and 301 according to Embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the description of the configuration common to the evacuation capsule 1 will be omitted as the numbers in the 200s and 300s, and the differences will be described.
  • the evacuation capsules 201 and 301 are installed on the support legs 208 and 308.
  • the evacuation capsules 201 shown in FIG. 4A are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and FIG. 4B shows the evacuation capsules 301 stacked in the vertical direction.
  • the evacuation capsule 401 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Description of the configuration common to the evacuation capsule 1 is omitted as being in the 400s, and the differences will be described.
  • An evacuation chute 409 extending downward from the door 403 is provided. As shown in FIG. 6, instead of the evacuation chute 409, a staircase 450 is arranged, and an air bag 451 made of a soft material is provided thereon so that even an elderly child can easily enter the internal space 405 from the door 403. It is.
  • the evacuation chute 409 facilitates emergency response.
  • the stick 8 of the steel door 3 may be arrange
  • the refilling rod 8 is attached to the lifting / lowering cord 9 of the ceiling lifting / lowering unit 10 (for example, “Hoshihime Sama” (registered trademark: manufactured by Panasonic)) at the time of evacuation. Can be taken down.
  • a support rod 8 that is suspended from the ceiling and can be moved up and down is provided, a receiving portion 11 is provided on the steel door 3, a receiving portion 12 is provided on the weight 4 (or the rear wall), and the support rod 8 is provided on the receiving portions 11 and 12.
  • the mounting rod 8 is mounted and supports the steel door 3 from the inside. When it floats on the sea surface as shown in FIG. 3, the refill rod 8 is removed and the steel door 3 can be opened.
  • the stick can also be used as a ladder.
  • a toilet, a refrigerator, a storage battery, an oxygen can, and the like can be provided.
  • the structure 2 is a square tube and a round tube, and the internal space is a prism and a column.
  • Home evacuation capsule 1 can be provided at low cost and with a shortened construction period, providing a safe and secure environment against tsunamis, fires, tornadoes, etc. Especially in coastal areas, its industrial utility value is great.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

If the body of a capsule is made of resin, the capsule is structurally weak and is used only for evacuation. An evacuation capsule 1 is provided with a box-shaped structure 2 made of steel, a steel door 3 provided at a front section of the structure 2, a weight 4 provided at a rear section of the structure 2, an internal space 5, hooks 6, and a suspension part 7. The weight 4 is formed of concrete and/or a steel sheet. The structure 2 has, for example, a longitudinal size of 2,500 mm, a lateral size of 1,400 mm, and a height of 1,100 mm. The hooks 6 and the suspension part 7 are provided at a front section of the structure 2. The structure 2 has a wall formed by a concrete plate being sandwiched between two or more iron sheets (set to be thinner than the thickness of the concrete). For example, the iron sheet has a thickness of 3 mm, and the concrete plate has a thickness of 6 cm.

Description

避難カプセルEvacuation capsule
　本発明は、既設建築物の建物内、又は、この近傍に設置可能な防災用避難用の避難カプセルに関する。 The present invention relates to an evacuation capsule for evacuation for disaster prevention that can be installed in or near an existing building.
　特許文献１の発明によれば、多くの家庭で購入する事ができて、庭の片隅に置き、水害時に、軽量で強度にすぐれたカプセルの中に避難する事により、津波等の水害から避難を可能とする安価な津波救命カプセルを提供するため、概ね枡形で下部が括れた形状のカプセル本体１１を樹脂で一体成型し、カプセル本体の上部に防水シートカバー５４を被せるための骨組みを構築し、防水シートカバーには出入口扉５６を設け、カプセル本体には少なくとも４人の大人が膝を抱えて座る事が出来る空間を設けると共に、シートベルトを取付け、カプセル本体の下部には重心を下げるための錘とキャスター付台座１７を取付けた発明が提案されている。 According to the invention of Patent Document 1, it can be purchased in many households, placed in one corner of the garden, and evacuated from a tsunami or other flood by evacuating into a lightweight and strong capsule in the event of a flood In order to provide an inexpensive tsunami lifesaving capsule that can be used, a capsule body 11 having a generally bowl shape and a lower part is integrally formed of resin, and a framework for covering the top of the capsule body with a waterproof sheet cover 54 is constructed. In order to lower the center of gravity in the lower part of the capsule body, the waterproof seat cover is provided with an entrance door 56, the capsule body is provided with a space where at least four adults can sit with knees, and a seat belt is attached. An invention has been proposed in which a weight 17 and a base 17 with casters are attached.
特開２０１４－５８２９６号公報JP 2014-58296 A
　しかしながら、上記の従来技術は、カプセル本体が樹脂製であり、構造的に弱く、また、避難の場面しか使用できないという不都合がある。 However, the above prior art has the disadvantage that the capsule body is made of resin and is structurally weak and can only be used for evacuation.
　そこで、上記の諸課題に鑑みて、本発明は、鉄鋼製の箱型の構造体と、前記構造体の前部に設けた入口と、前記構造体の後部に設けた錘と、を備えた避難カプセルである。 Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention includes a steel box-shaped structure, an inlet provided at a front portion of the structure, and a weight provided at a rear portion of the structure. Evacuation capsule.
　前記錘がコンクリート及び／又は鉄鋼板から構成されることが好ましい。 It is preferable that the weight is made of concrete and / or a steel plate.
　入口から下方に避難シュートを設けることが好ましい。 It is preferable to provide an evacuation chute below the entrance.
　天井の吊り下げられて昇降可能なつっかえ棒を設け、鉄鋼製扉を内側から支持することが好ましい。 It is preferable to provide a support rod that can be lifted by being suspended from the ceiling, and to support the steel door from the inside.
　請求項１の発明によれば、災害により水に流されても、錘の作用により、水面から避難カプセルの前部が浮上し、鉄鋼製扉が上部になり、後部が沈下するので、鉄鋼製扉から内部への水の浸入を防止できる。鉄鋼製扉から救助できる。カプセルの強度の向上で安全性が高くなる。簡単な構造であるので、住宅内または住宅の近傍に配置できるので、通常の生活にも活用できる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, even if it is washed away by water due to a disaster, the front part of the evacuation capsule rises from the water surface due to the action of the weight, the steel door becomes the upper part, and the rear part sinks. Intrusion of water from the door can be prevented. Rescue from steel doors. Increased capsule strength increases safety. Since it has a simple structure, it can be placed in or in the vicinity of the house, so it can also be used for normal living.
　避難カプセルは、地震だけでなく、津波そして火災、土石流という二次災害にも耐えられ、そして、高齢者や障碍者も安全に避難することができる、極端現象が懸念される現代において必要性が高く、革新的でより安心できる性能を提供できる。 Evacuation capsules can be used not only in earthquakes but also in tsunamis, secondary disasters such as fires and debris flows, and can be safely evacuated by the elderly and people with disabilities. High, innovative and more reliable performance can be provided.
　製造コストや工期を削減しながら安全な避難カプセルを提供することができる。また、小型にすることができ、避難カプセルの設置面積を小さくでき、法規制が免除されることで、建築コストを削減できる。さらに海面から鉄鋼製蓋を開けて、中に出入りができる。 It is possible to provide safe evacuation capsules while reducing manufacturing costs and construction periods. Moreover, it can be reduced in size, the installation area of the evacuation capsule can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced by exempting from legal regulations. In addition, you can open and close the steel lid from the sea surface to enter and exit.
　住宅とセットで建設しコストを抑えることができる。。 It can be built together with a house to reduce costs. .
　避難カプセルは、自宅などの住宅の近傍に配置できるため、緊急時に地上から中に出入りができ、すぐに避難できる。 Evacuation capsules can be placed near homes such as homes, so they can enter and exit from the ground in an emergency and can evacuate immediately.
　請求項２の発明によれば、前記構造体が鉄板でコンクリートの両側を挟持し、一体化したので、コストを削減しつつ安全性を高くできる。 According to the invention of claim 2, since the structure sandwiches and integrates both sides of the concrete with an iron plate, safety can be increased while reducing costs.
　請求項３の発明によれば、前記錘がコンクリート及び／又は鉄鋼板から構成されたので、コスト削減効果が高い。 According to invention of Claim 3, since the said weight was comprised from the concrete and / or the steel plate, the cost reduction effect is high.
　請求項４の発明によれば、入口から下方に避難シュートを設けたので、緊急避難が容易である。 According to the invention of claim 4, emergency evacuation is easy because the evacuation chute is provided downward from the entrance.
　請求項５の発明によれば、つっかえ棒により、鉄鋼製扉を内側からロックできるので、災害時に鉄鋼製扉が外力で開放しないよう、鉄鋼製扉の耐圧性を高めることができる。不使用時につっかえ棒を天井など、邪魔にならない箇所に収容できる。 According to the invention of claim 5, since the steel door can be locked from the inside by the refill rod, the pressure resistance of the steel door can be increased so that the steel door is not opened by an external force in the event of a disaster. When not in use, it can be stored in a place that does not get in the way, such as the ceiling.
　請求項６の発明によれば、避難カプセルを上下又は左右に連結し、集合カプセルとして活用できるので、他人数にも対応できる。 According to the invention of claim 6, the evacuation capsule can be connected vertically and horizontally and used as a collective capsule, so that it is possible to accommodate other people.
本発明第１実施形態の避難カプセルの平面図である。It is a top view of the escape capsule of the first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明第１実施形態の避難カプセルの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the escape capsule of 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明第１実施形態の避難カプセルが災害時に海面に浮く様子を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that the evacuation capsule of 1st Embodiment of this invention floats on the sea surface at the time of a disaster. （ａ）（ｂ）は、本発明第２及び第３実施形態の避難カプセルの斜視図である。(A) and (b) are the perspective views of the escape capsule of 2nd and 3rd embodiment of this invention. 本発明第４実施形態の避難カプセルの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the escape capsule of 4th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明第４実施形態の避難カプセルの階段の側面図である。It is a side view of the staircase of the escape capsule of 4th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明第１から３実施形態のつっかえ棒が天井から昇降する機構を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the mechanism in which the change stick of 1st-3rd embodiment of this invention raises / lowers from a ceiling.
　本発明の好適な実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。図１～図３に示す通り、本発明第１実施形態の避難カプセル１は、鉄鋼製の箱型の構造体２と、構造体２の前部に設けた鉄鋼製扉３と、構造体２の後部に設けた錘４と、内部空間５と、フック６と、吊り下げ部７と、を備えている。フック６と、吊り下げ部７は、構造体２の前部に設けている。 Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, an evacuation capsule 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a steel box-shaped structure 2, a steel door 3 provided at the front of the structure 2, and a structure 2. The weight 4 provided in the rear part, the internal space 5, the hook 6, and the hanging part 7 are provided. The hook 6 and the hanging part 7 are provided at the front part of the structure 2.
　避難カプセル１の内部空間５には２段ベッドを配置することができるので、一般住宅でも避難時以外の通常でも使用が可能である。避難カプセル１は、住宅１００の内部に配置され、外から、又は中から入ることができるように選択して配置できる。住宅１００は基礎１０１を備える。住宅１００の他、敷地内には、駐車場１０２を設け自動車１０３の区画を設けてある。また、庭３００の周囲には、適宜、フェンス４００を設けてある。 Since bunk beds can be arranged in the internal space 5 of the evacuation capsule 1, it can be used even in ordinary houses other than during evacuation. The evacuation capsule 1 is arranged inside the house 100 and can be selected and arranged so that it can be entered from outside or inside. The house 100 includes a foundation 101. In addition to the house 100, a parking lot 102 is provided in the site, and a section of the automobile 103 is provided. In addition, a fence 400 is appropriately provided around the garden 300.
　避難カプセル１は、水深２０メートルで水圧２００ｋＮ/ｍ２に耐えうるように設計される。また、台風・竜巻にも耐えうる。鉄鋼製扉３を、耐激突性能、津波による激突物の衝撃に耐えうるために２重蓋構造とし、耐衝撃性を高めてもよい。 The evacuation capsule 1 is designed to withstand a water pressure of 200 kN / m 2 at a water depth of 20 meters. It can also withstand typhoons and tornadoes. The steel door 3 may have a double lid structure in order to withstand crashing performance and impact of a crashing object caused by a tsunami, thereby improving impact resistance.
　避難カプセル１の設計は、構造体２の鉛直荷重時、津波荷重時を計算した本体の設計、構造体２設置時の基礎を鉛直荷重時の計算を基に行う。また、津波荷重時の計算に基づき、本体周りのコンクリート打ち及び周辺基礎との連結をおこなうことができる。なお、津波波圧算定式は、東日本大震災における津波による建築物被害を踏まえた新ガイドラインに従って、算出する。また、基礎の計算は、道路標識に使用される基礎の土中埋め込み式基礎の計算式に従って算出する。 The design of the evacuation capsule 1 is performed based on the design of the main body calculated when the structure 2 is vertically loaded and when the tsunami is loaded, and the foundation when the structure 2 is installed is based on the calculation under the vertical load. Moreover, based on the calculation at the time of a tsunami load, it is possible to connect the concrete around the main body and the surrounding foundation. The tsunami wave pressure calculation formula is calculated according to the new guidelines based on the building damage caused by the tsunami in the Great East Japan Earthquake. The calculation of the foundation is performed according to the calculation formula of the foundation embedded in the ground used for road signs.
　建築面積は法規制が免除される１０ｍ２以内（たとえば９ｍ２以内）に設定することが好ましい。構造体２のサイズは、１人当たり１.５ｍ３の必要空間として換算とする。一般家族用４人の収容とする。４人×１.５ｍ３＝６.０ｍ３となる。既設建物や収容人数などの条件によって構造体２のサイズの変更が可能である。 Building area is preferably set within 10 m 2 which regulations are exempt (e.g. 9m 2 or less). The size of the structure 2 is converted as a required space of 1.5 m 3 per person. Accommodates four people for a general family. 4 people × 1.5 m 3 = 6.0 m 3 The size of the structure 2 can be changed depending on conditions such as existing buildings and the number of people accommodated.
　建物の屋外に埋設する場合を示したが建物の屋内に設置する場合にも適用可能である。 Although the case where it is buried outside the building is shown, it can also be applied to the case where it is installed inside the building.
　構造体２の平面的な設置場所は、災害時に避難カプセル１が避難時に住宅１００から分離し易い場所を選定する。 The planar installation location of the structure 2 is selected so that the evacuation capsule 1 can be easily separated from the house 100 at the time of evacuation.
　構造体２の大きさは、縦２５００ｍｍ、横１４００ｍｍ、高さ１１００ｍｍが例示される。構造体２の壁は、コンクリート板を２枚以上の鉄板（コンクリートの厚みよりも厚みを薄く設してある）で両側から挟持し、一体化したものである。鉄板の厚み３ｍｍ、コンクリート板の厚み６ｃｍが例示される。構造体２の内壁に断熱材と、断熱材の内側にサイディングと、を設けても良い。座るところには、エアバック式のうきわを配置する。 The size of the structure 2 is exemplified by a length of 2500 mm, a width of 1400 mm, and a height of 1100 mm. The wall of the structure 2 is obtained by sandwiching a concrete plate from two sides with two or more steel plates (thickness is set thinner than the concrete thickness) and integrating them. The thickness of an iron plate is 3 mm and the thickness of a concrete plate is 6 cm. You may provide a heat insulating material in the inner wall of the structure 2, and a siding inside a heat insulating material. Place an air bag type seat on the seat.
　鉄鋼製扉３は一重、または、二重の扉構造であり、耐火構造となっている。ヒンジによる片開きが好ましい。 The steel door 3 has a single or double door structure and has a fireproof structure. A single opening with a hinge is preferred.
　錘４がコンクリート及び／又は鉄鋼板から構成されている。 The weight 4 is made of concrete and / or steel plate.
　内部空間５内には酸素ボンベが用意してある。酸素を吹き出すことで、救命の可能性が高くなる。 An oxygen cylinder is prepared in the internal space 5. Blowing out oxygen increases the chances of lifesaving.
　内部空間５内の酸素容量では、酸素呼吸が持たないので、事前に搭載してある酸素ボンベからの酸素供給を行う。酸素ボンベについては、収容人数、子供、大人などの条件によって異なるので、カプセル１内部に滞在できるための容量を確保する。 The oxygen capacity in the internal space 5 does not have oxygen respiration, so oxygen is supplied from an oxygen cylinder installed in advance. Since the oxygen cylinder varies depending on conditions such as the number of persons accommodated, children, and adults, a capacity for staying inside the capsule 1 is secured.
　適切な酸素濃度の確保のため、避難カプセル１内部の安全・安心な居住性を保つために必要な酸素、二酸化炭素の濃度が室内の濃度計で分かるようにし、適切な基準値でなくなった場合には備え付けの酸素缶を噴射することで酸素濃度の調整を行う事を可能にしている。また、二酸化炭素も同様に濃度調整も可能にしていく。ここでの目標値カプセル１内部の酸素濃度２０％である。必要な装置としては、酸素供給器具セット、気圧調整器具、二酸化炭素低減器具セット等である。酸素濃度下限値は空気中の酸素の割合が安全限界の１８％で、二酸化炭素濃度上限値は前記空気中の二酸化炭素の割合が労働衛生上の長期安全限界の０．５％が例示される。 In order to ensure the appropriate oxygen concentration, the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations necessary to maintain safe and secure living in the evacuation capsule 1 can be confirmed with an indoor densitometer. It is possible to adjust the oxygen concentration by injecting an attached oxygen can. Similarly, the concentration of carbon dioxide can be adjusted. Here, the oxygen concentration in the target value capsule 1 is 20%. Necessary apparatuses are an oxygen supply device set, an atmospheric pressure adjustment device, a carbon dioxide reduction device set, and the like. The oxygen concentration lower limit is 18% of the safety limit for oxygen in the air, and the carbon dioxide concentration upper limit is 0.5% of the occupational health long-term safety limit for the carbon dioxide concentration. .
　構造体２の内部の気体の圧力を抜く減圧弁（逆止弁）も備えている。水道のパーツも備えている。二酸化炭素の増え過ぎを防止するため、二酸化炭素を消石灰水溶液又はゼオライトで吸着して二酸化炭素を減らすようにしてある。太陽光発電パネルにより蓄電池が満タンになっているので、その蓄電池が消石灰のポンプを駆動させ続けるように構成している。 減 圧 A pressure reducing valve (check valve) for releasing the pressure of the gas inside the structure 2 is also provided. It also has water supply parts. In order to prevent an excessive increase of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is adsorbed with a slaked lime aqueous solution or zeolite to reduce carbon dioxide. Since the storage battery is full by the solar power generation panel, the storage battery is configured to continue to drive the slaked lime pump.
　モニターを複数（ここでは２か所）設けている。外気温、内気温、酸素濃度、二酸化炭素の濃度を所定時間（たとえば３０分）おきに記入できる。真冬の場合、津波が浸入して来たら外気温度計の温度が上がるので、津波が来たのが夜中でもわかる。モニターには酸素濃度、二酸化炭素濃度等も表示できる。 * There are multiple monitors (two in this case). The outside air temperature, the inside air temperature, the oxygen concentration, and the carbon dioxide concentration can be entered every predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes). In mid-winter, when the tsunami invades, the temperature of the outdoor thermometer rises, so you can see that the tsunami has come at night. The monitor can also display oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, etc.
　構造体２の内部空間５内に携帯電話、衛星電話、トランシーバー等の通信機能を備えている。簡易トイレ、ＡＥＤ、防災グッズ等も備えている。 In the internal space 5 of the structure 2, communication functions such as a mobile phone, a satellite phone, and a transceiver are provided. A simple toilet, AED, disaster prevention goods, etc. are also provided.
　フック６と、吊り下げ部７は、構造体２を釣り上げ、移動させるものである。 The hook 6 and the hanging part 7 are used to pick up and move the structure 2.
　つぎに避難カプセルの製造方法と工事方法について説明する。 Next, the manufacturing method and construction method of the evacuation capsule will be explained.
　構造体２は六面の壁体を溶接で貼りあわせて製造し、鉄鋼製扉３を取り付けて、フック６、吊り下げ部７を溶接等で固定する。接着、緊締具等の他の接合手段でもよい。 The structure 2 is manufactured by bonding six wall surfaces by welding, and a steel door 3 is attached, and the hook 6 and the hanging portion 7 are fixed by welding or the like. Other joining means such as adhesion and fasteners may be used.
　構造体２は現場施工であるが、予め工場で製造して搬入してもよく、この場合、大量生産に好適である。この部品は、重量があるのでトラッククレーンにて、住宅１００内に搬入または近傍に適宜数を適宜配置する。 Although the structure 2 is on-site construction, it may be manufactured and carried in advance in a factory, which is suitable for mass production. Since these parts are heavy, they are carried into the house 100 by a truck crane or appropriately arranged in the vicinity.
　本実施形態の効果を説明する。 The effect of this embodiment will be described.
　災害時に、図３に示す通り、災害により水に流されても、錘４の作用により、海面Lから避難カプセル１の前部が浮上し、鉄鋼製扉が上部になり、後部が沈下するので、鉄鋼製扉３から内部への水の浸入を防止できる。鉄鋼製扉３から救助できる。住宅内または住宅の近傍に配置できるので、通常の生活にも活用できる。例えば、通常で、寝室として利用できる。 As shown in FIG. 3, even if the disaster is caused to flow into the water, the front of the evacuation capsule 1 rises from the sea level L due to the action of the weight 4, the steel door becomes the upper part, and the rear part sinks. Intrusion of water from the steel door 3 to the inside can be prevented. Rescue from the steel door 3. Since it can be placed in or near the house, it can also be used for normal life. For example, it can be normally used as a bedroom.
　避難カプセル１は、地震だけでなく、津波そして火災、土石流という二次災害にも耐えられ、そして、高齢者や障碍者も安全に避難することができる、極端現象が懸念される現代において必要性が高く、革新的でより安心できる性能を提供できる。 The evacuation capsule 1 is necessary not only in earthquakes, but also in secondary disasters such as tsunamis, fires, and debris flows, and can be safely evacuated by the elderly and people with disabilities. High performance, innovative and more reliable performance.
　製造コストや工期を削減しながら安全な避難カプセル１を提供することができる。また、小型にすることができ、避難カプセル１の設置面積を小さくでき、法規制が免除されることで、建築コストを削減できる。さらに海面から鉄鋼製蓋３を開けて、中に出入りができる。 It is possible to provide a safe evacuation capsule 1 while reducing the manufacturing cost and construction period. Moreover, it can be reduced in size, the installation area of the evacuation capsule 1 can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced by exempting from laws and regulations. Furthermore, the steel lid 3 can be opened from the sea surface to enter and exit.
　住宅とセットで建設しコストを抑えることができる。例えば、年収３００万円台から４００万円台の所得層に賃貸住宅の家賃並みの価格で安全なカプセル１付住宅を提供できる。住宅１００に配置する構造とすることで避難カプセル１単体での建設よりコストダウンを図ることができる。例えば、延べ床面積３３坪の住宅の庭に避難カプセル１を付けた状態で１６００万円台での販売が可能となる。これは平均的な建売住宅の住宅に避難カプセル１という付加価値を提供するものである。そして、何よりも、一人でも多くの命を守るとの国家的な使命・役割にも貢献できる。さらに、住宅＋土地情報＋カプセル１をセットにして販売することが可能となる。基礎杭が省略できることで、さらにコスト削減が可能である。 It can be built together with a house to reduce costs. For example, it is possible to provide a safe housing with a capsule 1 for an income group with annual income ranging from 3 million yen to 4 million yen at a price comparable to the rental housing rent. By adopting a structure that is arranged in the house 100, the cost can be reduced compared to the construction of the evacuation capsule 1 alone. For example, it is possible to sell in the 16 million yen range with the evacuation capsule 1 attached to the garden of a house with a total floor area of 33 tsubo. This provides the added value of an evacuation capsule 1 to an average house for sale. Above all, it can contribute to the national mission and role of protecting many lives alone. Furthermore, it becomes possible to sell the house + land information + capsule 1 as a set. Since the foundation pile can be omitted, the cost can be further reduced.
　避難カプセル１は、自宅などの住宅１００の近傍に配置しているため、緊急時に地上から中に出入りができ、すぐに避難できる。緊急時でも即座に避難できる。高齢者・障碍者・幼児でも、地震警報発生から３分以内に避難でき、津波に対しては水没をしても、少なくとも３日間は酸素等、生命維持に必要なものを確保できるものとし、安全・安心に暮らせる環境を提供することができる。 Since the evacuation capsule 1 is arranged near the house 100 such as a home, it can enter and exit from the ground in an emergency and can evacuate immediately. Evacuate immediately even in an emergency. Elderly people, people with disabilities and infants can evacuate within 3 minutes from the occurrence of an earthquake warning. Even if they are submerged in a tsunami, they can secure oxygen and other items necessary for life support for at least three days. We can provide an environment where people can live safely and securely.
　特に、沿岸部地域に居住、或いは、居住を希望されている人に対して津波の心配を解消した安心・安全な住宅を提供することができる。 Especially, it is possible to provide a safe and safe housing that eliminates the tsunami concerns for those who live in or are in the coastal area.
　耐水圧性能が２気圧（水深２０ｍ相当）であり、避難カプセル１が水没した時を想定して酸素等の空気調整機能を持つので、例えば、大人４人でも、少なくとも３日間は避難カプセル１内で暮らせる食糧、水を保管できる。 Since the water pressure resistance is 2 atm (equivalent to a water depth of 20 m) and the evacuation capsule 1 has an air adjustment function such as oxygen assuming that the evacuation capsule 1 is submerged, for example, even four adults have at least three days in the evacuation capsule 1 You can store food and water that you can live in.
　構造体２がプレキャストコンクリート構造であると、仮枠を作って外す手間や廃棄代金を省略できる。 If the structure 2 is a precast concrete structure, it is possible to eliminate the trouble of making and removing a temporary frame and the disposal fee.
　鉄鋼製扉３を鉄板の防耐火ボードの二重扉構造とすると、防耐火性能が高まる。 If the steel door 3 has a double door structure with a steel fireproof board, the fireproof performance is enhanced.
　本発明実施形態２、３の避難カプセル２０１、３０１について、図４（ａ）（ｂ）を参照して説明する。避難カプセル１と共通する構成は２００番台、３００番台の符号として説明を略し、相違点を説明する。ここでは、支持脚２０８，３０８上に避難カプセル２０１、３０１が設置されている。図４（ａ）の避難カプセル２０１は横方向に横並びに隣接させた配置したものであり、図４（ｂ）は避難カプセル３０１を縦方向に積み上げたものである。このように集合体構造とすることで、他人数にも対応が可能である。 The evacuation capsules 201 and 301 according to Embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The description of the configuration common to the evacuation capsule 1 will be omitted as the numbers in the 200s and 300s, and the differences will be described. Here, the evacuation capsules 201 and 301 are installed on the support legs 208 and 308. The evacuation capsules 201 shown in FIG. 4A are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and FIG. 4B shows the evacuation capsules 301 stacked in the vertical direction. By adopting an aggregate structure in this way, it is possible to accommodate other people.
　本発明実施形態４の避難カプセル４０１について、図５を参照して説明する。避難カプセル１と共通する構成は４００番台として説明を略し、相違点を説明する。扉４０３から下方に延び出す避難シュート４０９を設けたものである。図６に示す通り、避難シュート４０９に代えて、階段４５０を配置し、その上に軟質材からなる空気袋４５１を設けて、老人子供でも扉４０３から容易に内部空間４０５に入ることができるようにしてある。避難シュート４０９により、緊急時の対応が容易である。 The evacuation capsule 401 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Description of the configuration common to the evacuation capsule 1 is omitted as being in the 400s, and the differences will be described. An evacuation chute 409 extending downward from the door 403 is provided. As shown in FIG. 6, instead of the evacuation chute 409, a staircase 450 is arranged, and an air bag 451 made of a soft material is provided thereon so that even an elderly child can easily enter the internal space 405 from the door 403. It is. The evacuation chute 409 facilitates emergency response.
　また、上記各実施形態では、内部空間５において、鉄鋼製扉３のつっかえ棒８を鉄鋼製扉３と錘内壁の間に配置して、鉄鋼製扉３が外力で開放しないようにすることも可能である。図７に示す通り、例えば、つっかえ棒８は、避難時に、天井の昇降ユニット１０（例えば、「ホシ姫サマ」（登録商標：パナソニック製）を例示できる。）の昇降コード９に取り付け、下方に降ろすことができる。天井に吊り下げられて昇降可能なつっかえ棒８を設け、鉄鋼製扉３に受け部１１、錘４（又は後壁でもよい）に受け部１２を設け、つっかえ棒８を受け部１１、１２に装着し、つっかえ棒８が鉄鋼製扉３を内側から支持する構造である。図３に示す通り海面に浮かんだ時には、つっかえ棒８を外して、鉄鋼製扉３が開放できるようになっている。つっかえ棒は、梯子としても利用できる。トイレ、冷蔵庫、蓄電池、酸素缶等を備えることができる。 Moreover, in each said embodiment, in the internal space 5, the stick 8 of the steel door 3 may be arrange | positioned between the steel door 3 and the weight inner wall, and the steel door 3 may not be opened by external force. Is possible. As shown in FIG. 7, for example, the refilling rod 8 is attached to the lifting / lowering cord 9 of the ceiling lifting / lowering unit 10 (for example, “Hoshihime Sama” (registered trademark: manufactured by Panasonic)) at the time of evacuation. Can be taken down. A support rod 8 that is suspended from the ceiling and can be moved up and down is provided, a receiving portion 11 is provided on the steel door 3, a receiving portion 12 is provided on the weight 4 (or the rear wall), and the support rod 8 is provided on the receiving portions 11 and 12. It is a structure in which the mounting rod 8 is mounted and supports the steel door 3 from the inside. When it floats on the sea surface as shown in FIG. 3, the refill rod 8 is removed and the steel door 3 can be opened. The stick can also be used as a ladder. A toilet, a refrigerator, a storage battery, an oxygen can, and the like can be provided.
　以上の実施形態は、本発明の実施のための好ましい実施形態の例示である。また、当業者は、本発明の開示に鑑みて、本発明の要旨から離れることなく多数の改良、変更、置換、欠失、追加等が可能である。
　本実施形態では構造体２は角筒と丸筒、内部空間を角柱と円柱としたが、それぞれ、小判形状、団子形状、おむすび型、三角形等、種々の形状で実施が可能である。 The above embodiments are examples of preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention. Further, in view of the disclosure of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make many improvements, changes, substitutions, deletions, additions and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the structure 2 is a square tube and a round tube, and the internal space is a prism and a column.
　家庭用の避難カプセル１を安価で工期も短縮して提供でき、津波、火災、竜巻等に対して安心安全な環境を提供できる。特に、沿岸部において、その産業上の利用価値は大である。 Home evacuation capsule 1 can be provided at low cost and with a shortened construction period, providing a safe and secure environment against tsunamis, fires, tornadoes, etc. Especially in coastal areas, its industrial utility value is great.
１、２０１、３０１、４０１・・・避難カプセル
２，２０２，３０２，４０２・・・構造体
３，２０３，３０３・・・鉄鋼製扉
４，２０４，３０４，４０４・・・錘
５・・・内部空間
６・・・フック
７・・・吊り下げ部
８・・・つっかえ棒
９・・・昇降コード
１０・・・昇降ユニット
１１，１２・・・受け部
１００・・・住宅
Ｌ・・・海面
２０８，３０８・・・支持脚
４０３・・・扉
４０５・・・内部空間
４０９・・・避難シュート
４５０・・・階段
４５１・・・空気袋 1, 201, 301, 401 ... evacuation capsules 2, 202, 302, 402 ... structures 3, 203, 303 ... steel doors 4, 204, 304, 404 ... weight 5 ... Internal space 6 ... Hook 7 ... Hanging part 8 ... Tack stick 9 ... Elevating cord 10 ... Elevating unit 11, 12 ... Receiving part 100 ... Housing L ... Sea surface 208, 308 ... support leg 403 ... door 405 ... internal space 409 ... evacuation chute 450 ... stairs 451 ... air bag

Claims (6)

  1. 　鉄鋼製の箱型の構造体と、
    　前記構造体の前部に設けた入口と、
    　前記構造体の後部に設けた錘と、
    　を備えた避難カプセル。     A steel box-shaped structure;
    An inlet provided at the front of the structure;
    A weight provided at the rear of the structure;
    Evacuation capsule with.
  2. 　前記構造体が鉄板でコンクリートの両側を挟持し、一体化した構造である請求項１の避難カプセル。 The evacuation capsule according to claim 1, wherein the structure has an integrated structure in which both sides of concrete are sandwiched between iron plates.
  3. 　前記錘がコンクリート及び／又は鉄鋼板から構成された請求項１又は２の避難カプセル。 The evacuation capsule according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight is made of concrete and / or a steel plate.
  4. 　入口から下方に避難シュートを設けた請求項１ないし３いずれかの避難カプセル。 The evacuation capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an evacuation chute is provided below the entrance.
  5. 　天井の吊り下げられて昇降可能なつっかえ棒を設け、鉄鋼製扉に受け部を設け、前記つっかえ棒を前記受け部に装着し、前記つっかえ棒が前記鉄鋼製扉を内側から支持する請求項１ないし４いずれかの避難カプセル。 2. A ceiling rod that can be lifted and lowered by suspending a ceiling is provided, a receiving portion is provided on a steel door, the mounting rod is mounted on the receiving portion, and the supporting rod supports the steel door from the inside. One or four evacuation capsules.
  6. 　上下、又は、左右に連結し、集合体構造とする請求項１ないし５いずれかの避難カプセル。 The evacuation capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the evacuation capsule is connected to the upper and lower sides or the right and left sides to form an aggregate structure.
PCT/JP2016/003973 2015-09-16 2016-08-31 Evacuation capsule WO2017047026A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020200690A (en) * 2019-06-11 2020-12-17 株式会社シェルタージャパン System shelter

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JPH08276894A (en) * 1995-04-03 1996-10-22 Senkichi Nakatsu Floating ship
JP3178130U (en) * 2012-06-21 2012-08-30 株式会社綿貫製作所 Disaster prevention underground shelter
JP2013047093A (en) * 2012-09-03 2013-03-07 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Evacuation float
WO2013073060A1 (en) * 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 コスモパワー株式会社 Emergency shelter
JP2014201874A (en) * 2013-04-01 2014-10-27 孝之 内藤 Extending shelter member, and extended shelter using the same

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JPH08276894A (en) * 1995-04-03 1996-10-22 Senkichi Nakatsu Floating ship
WO2013073060A1 (en) * 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 コスモパワー株式会社 Emergency shelter
JP3178130U (en) * 2012-06-21 2012-08-30 株式会社綿貫製作所 Disaster prevention underground shelter
JP2013047093A (en) * 2012-09-03 2013-03-07 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Evacuation float
JP2014201874A (en) * 2013-04-01 2014-10-27 孝之 内藤 Extending shelter member, and extended shelter using the same

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020200690A (en) * 2019-06-11 2020-12-17 株式会社シェルタージャパン System shelter

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