JP2019047938A - Chair for nursing care - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a wheelchair in which an opening angle of a back face and a seating face is increased and a motion of sinking a seating face rear side is performed in association with reclining, and which has a link mechanism allowing a seated person to retain an easy posture without causing deviation of the back.SOLUTION: A chair for nursing care is so formed that: a rear end of a seating face frame 5 is rotatably connected to a back face frame 4; a bottom edge of the back face frame is supported by a body frame 1 via a connection frame 14 so as to be vertically movable; a piston tip of a gas spring 10 having a lock mechanism of locking the vertical motion of a piston is connected to a second rotary support point 16 between the back face frame and the connection frame; and a back face frame bottom edge is fixed and supported by the lock mechanism.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a chair for nursing care, and more particularly to a chair which can be inclined at an appropriate angle and can be easily transferred between a chair and a bed during reclining.

  With the progress of Japan's aging in recent years, the number of users of nursing chairs is rapidly increasing. Chairs for nursing care require various functions. Various inventions are made to meet the needs, and a large number of patent applications are submitted each year.

  The most universally required functions of the nursing chair are the reclining function to incline the backrest and the function to allow the seat passenger to easily transfer between the chair and the bed. In general, the reclining function of wheelchairs and other chairs does not incline the seating surface, but only reclining the backrest, and tilting the backrest while maintaining the angle between the seating surface and the backrest There is.

  In the reclining method, there is a risk that the seater's buttocks may slide forward during the reclining operation, and the back of the seater may easily shift from the back to the back, which may cause a backlash, resulting in a dressing problem. There is. On the other hand, in the tilt system, when the backrest is inclined, the legs are in a bent state, which increases the load on the knees and hips and makes the chair more likely to fall backward. In addition, there is a problem that full reclining is difficult.

  Therefore, when reclining, in addition to increasing the backrest and the opening angle of the seat surface, it is necessary to have a function of sinking the back of the seat surface downward to prevent backset. Conventionally, various means have been proposed for preventing backrest during reclining (for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).

  Among them, Patent Document 1 discloses “a wheelchair having a function of integrally rotating the back and the seat and a function of changing the inclination angle of the back with respect to the seat”. However, in this method, a mechanism and an actuator for achieving each of two independent functions are required separately, and the structure of the lower part of the wheelchair becomes complicated and expensive, and the weight of the wheelchair becomes large. Not desirable.

  Therefore, when reclining, the motion to increase the backrest and the opening angle of the seat and the action to sink the back of the seat downward are interlocked by the mechanical link mechanism, and a means enabling reclining by one actuator Is desired. As an example using such a link mechanism, the "seat apparatus which can be changed into a sitting position" of patent document 3 is mention | raise | lifted.

  Although details of the structure of the chair device are omitted, the link mechanism of Patent Document 3 can not have a large stroke for sinking the rear of the seat downward. Therefore, it is thought that it is difficult to completely solve the problem that the buttocks slide forward and cause back displacement if the inclination angle of reclining is increased. Therefore, the chair device of Patent Document 3 is provided with means for selectively switching between a reclining position where the relative inclination angle between the back surface and the seat surface can be changed and a tilt position where the inclination angle is fixed at a predetermined angle. .

  Patent Document 4 discloses a handrail of a reclining wheelchair capable of opening the side of the wheelchair following reclining of the wheelchair. Here, in the reclining mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 4, the lower end portion of the link frame 7 is pivotally connected to the vehicle body frame 2 (first pivot point), and the backrest frame 6 and the waist support frame 5 are pivotally connected. The hip support frame 5 is pivotally connected to the vehicle body frame 2 (a fourth pivot point). The link frame 7 and the backrest frame 6 are pivotally connected (second pivot point). Here, the fourth pivot point is pivotally connected to the vehicle body frame 2 behind the center point in the rear direction of the waist support frame 5 from the front. For this reason, when the backrest frame 6 is turned backward, as seen in FIGS. 3 and 6 of Patent Document 4, it is inclined so that the front largely lifts around the fourth pivot point, and the rear is almost sunk Do not As a result, the back of the wheelchair seat and the surface of the backrest are displaced, resulting in "backlash", which makes the wheelchair unstable (higher center of gravity and prone to fall), and the user feels anxious to fall from the wheelchair. In the cited reference 4, the reason why the rear wheel is several times larger than the front wheel is to prevent the wheelchair from falling due to the height of the center of gravity.

  Second, the care recipient needs to move the bed and chair easily between the bed and the chair because the side of the chair is in close contact with the side of the bed so that the armrest does not get in the way. It is a function to remove or move one of the armrests. Reference 4 discloses a handrail that can open the side of a wheelchair. However, the armrest disclosed in Patent Document 4 has a perfect parallelogram structure due to the four-bar structure, and the armrest surface and the seat surface must always be parallel. Because of this, when you lower your back, you have to take part of the weight of your arm with your shoulder. Further, as shown in FIG. 7 of Patent Document 4, there is a problem that the armrest greatly protrudes from the backrest, and the protruding portion becomes an obstacle to the caregiver.

  In Patent Document 5, rear wheels of a pair of rotatable casters are disposed behind a main wheel of a wheelchair, and a helper steps on a pedal. A nursing chair is disclosed that allows the wheelchair to move sideways with the main wheels raised. However, it is not necessary to provide the main wheels if the rider does not have to travel on their own, and wheelchairs or beds for nursing care in which all four wheels are composed of rotatable casters are already widely used. There is.

  As an example of a means for moving an armrest of a wheelchair at the time of transfer, Patent Document 6 discloses an "armrest of a push-down wheelchair". The armrest (elbow rest) has an armrest whose rear end is pivotally attached to the support shaft of the rear frame and has a cutout groove of a predetermined width formed over the entire length of the lower surface, and along the cutout groove A slide member which can slide back and forth in the pipe, and one end of which is pivotally attached to the lower end of the slide member, and the other end is rotated to a predetermined position of the main body frame It is composed of a connecting member that is pivotally mounted. By pushing the connecting member downward, the front of the armrest pipe is bent downward. However, in addition to the fact that the structure of the armrest is limited to something quite unique and the back of the armrest pipe remains pivotally attached to the back frame, there is a problem that the entire armrest pipe is not moved. is there.

JP 2002-102291 A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-160055 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-190359 JP 2005-328980 A JP 2005-34189 A JP, 2011-125478, A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the problems of the prior art as described above, the present invention aims to provide means for solving the following several technical problems.
The first problem to be solved by the present invention is that, when reclining, the operation to increase the opening angle between the back surface and the seat surface and the motion to incline the seat surface are interlocked by a mechanical link mechanism, and both actuators are operated by one actuator. A link mechanism that can perform an operation, which can make the sink stroke at the back of the seat large enough, and does not cause a back shift even if the reclining tilt angle becomes large. It is to provide.

  The second object of the present invention is to provide a simple armrest support link mechanism capable of inclining the armrest substantially parallel to the seat surface in conjunction with the inclination of the seat surface. Further, the third object of the present invention is to provide an armrest moving mechanism capable of moving the armrest so as not to get in the way of the rider in the armrest having the link mechanism as described above. It is. Furthermore, the present invention is to provide a backrest (back frame) capable of relieving back pain of a strong circular caregiver.

A first aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems is a main body frame (1) having a pair of legs at the front and back, a rear frame (4) tiltably supported by the main body frame, and a seat frame ( 5) A nursing chair comprising a spring mechanism (10) for biasing the back frame to tilt, wherein the lower part of the rear leg of the main body frame (1) and the lower part of the back frame (4) A first pivot fulcrum (15) pivotally coupling one end of a pair of coupling frames (14) to be coupled with the main body frame (1), and the other of the coupling frames (14) An end, a lower portion of the rear frame (4), and both ends of a horizontal weir (45) that connects with the tip of the drive rod of the spring mechanism (10) and connects the pair of connection frames A second pivot point (16) that is movably connected, and And the rear frame (4) connecting the second pivot point (16), and said seat surface frame (5) a third pivot point for pivotally connected to the (17),
One end is fixed to the front wheel side than the center point of the seat frame (5) in the front-rear direction, and the other end is lower than the height of the seat frame (5). And a fourth pivot point pivotally connecting the other end of the mounting hardware mounted on the front wheel side of the chair.

  In the above chair for nursing care, it is desirable that the spring mechanism be a gas spring. Further, in the chair for nursing care of the above invention, it is preferable that the front wheel and the rear wheel be made of casters which are rotatably attached to leg portions of the main body frame. Further, it is preferable that the back frame is configured such that a spine flexion portion of a care recipient does not abut on a component of the back frame. Furthermore, the spring mechanism is biased by an internal pressure by pushing the piston rod into the gas chamber when the back frame is lowered backward, and is biased by a spring force externally fitted to the piston rod when the back frame is returned forward. Is preferred. This allows anyone to easily perform the reclining operation.

Further, according to the present invention, a main body frame (1) having a pair of legs in the front and back, a back frame (4) and a seat surface frame (5) supported so as to be tiltable by the main body frame (1) One of a pair of connecting frames (14) for connecting the gas spring (10) for urging the tilting of the frame (4) and the lower part of the rear leg of the main body frame (1) and the lower part of the back frame (4) An end, a first pivot point (15) rotatably connecting the body frame (1), the other end of the connecting frame (14), and a lower portion of the back frame (4) And a second pivot point (pivotally connected to the tip of the driving rod of the gas spring (10) and to both ends of the horizontal rod (45) connecting the pair of connecting frames) 16) and the spine connected to the second pivot point (16) A third pivot point (17) pivotally connecting the frame (4) and the seat frame (5), and one end of the third pivot point (17) is the front of the seat frame (5) A fourth pivot fulcrum (18) fixed to the other part and pivotably connecting the other end of the mounting hardware attached to the front of the main body frame (1) In the nursing chair,
The main body arm (61), a support member (62) connected at one end of the main body arm (61), and a through hole through which the main body arm (61) and the support member (62) are inserted An armrest frame (6) including a lock pin (64) inserted into the
The armrest frame (6) has a mounting pivot (51) for pivotally mounting one end of the support member (62) and the rear frame (4);
A hinge fulcrum (63) rotatably connecting the other end of the support member (62) and the main body arm (61);
The other of the long pieces (54) of the armrest support frame (7) in which the long pieces (54) and the short pieces (55) are configured to be foldable by the hinge fulcrum (53) at each one end A connecting pivot (52) pivotally connecting the end of the arm and the other end of the main arm (61);
A fourth rotation fulcrum (18) rotatably connecting the other end of the short piece (55) and the front end of the main body frame (1) to the front wheel is characterized. It is a chair for nursing care.

  According to the invention of the present application, when reclining, the operation of increasing the opening angle between the back surface and the seat surface and the operation of tilting the seat surface are interlocked with a relatively simple structure, and both actuators are performed by one actuator. It has become possible to provide such a link mechanism. According to this link mechanism, the sink stroke at the rear of the seat can be made sufficiently large at the time of reclining. Therefore, even if the inclination angle of reclining becomes large, the backrest is not caused and the comfortable sitting posture is maintained. be able to.

  The above-mentioned reclining link mechanism can be applied not only to a chair or a wheelchair but also to reclining means of chairs for various uses.

Further, according to the above invention of the present application, it has become possible to provide a simple armrest link mechanism capable of inclining the armrest substantially parallel to the seat surface in conjunction with the inclination of the seat surface at the time of reclining. . According to this link mechanism, it is possible to change the inclination of the armrest to a proper state without any operation by the seat rider when reclining.
Moreover, this armrest link mechanism can be applied not only to a chair or a wheelchair but also to reclining chairs for various uses.

Furthermore, according to the above invention of the present application, in an armrest having a link mechanism as described above,
When sitting on a chair, the armrest is held at a predetermined height, and when raising and lowering it is possible to move the armrest near or below the seating surface with simple operation by the user, and the armrest becomes a chair It has become possible to prevent it from getting in the way of lifting up or down or transferring between the chair and the bed.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings of the embodiments. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a nursing chair which is an embodiment of the present invention in a state where a backrest is erected. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of this chair in a reclined state. In the chair described below, casters are attached to the legs. For this reason, in the following description, a chair for nursing care which is an embodiment of the present invention is referred to as a wheelchair.

  As can be seen in the figure, this wheelchair has a body frame 1 with a front wheel 2 and a rear wheel 3 mounted on its legs 1a, a back frame 4, a seat frame 5, an armrest frame 6, an armrest support frame 7, a headrest frame 8, a footrest frame 9, a gas spring 10, a side guard 11, a lock release lever 12, and the like. In addition, in this specification, front is a front direction of a seat passenger, and back means the back direction of a passenger.

  Among them, the headrest frame 8 supports the head of the seat occupant at the time of reclining, and is attached to the upper portion of the rear frame 4 so as to be extensible. The footrest frame 9 supports the legs at the time of sitting and reclining, and is attached to the upper end of the front end of the main body frame 1 so as to be tiltable.

  Further, the side guards 11 are for protecting the drive portion at the lower part of the seat and for preventing an accident, and include covers attached to both side surfaces of the main body frame 1. The headrest frame 8, the footrest frame 9, the side guards 11 and the like are similar to those frequently used in conventional wheelchairs, and therefore the details will be omitted.

  A seat cushion pad 13 is attached to the seat cushion frame 5 and a backrest pad (not shown) is attached to the rear frame 4. The rear frame 4 is configured to be able to maintain a predetermined strength without arranging a frame component at the central portion thereof. This is because of the back pain relief that occurs when the spine flexion part of the care recipient, whose spine is flexed (a strong circular back), abuts on the frame component. Further, in the wheelchair of the present embodiment, the main wheel having a large diameter is not used, and the rear wheel is configured by the same caster as the front wheel. This is because it is assumed that the seater does not plan to travel on his own and travels by the assistant's hand.

  In the present embodiment, both the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 are made of castors rotatably attached to the legs of the main body frame 1. By configuring in this way, there are the following advantages. That is, since both the front and rear wheels can be driven in any direction, it is possible to easily bring the side of the wheelchair into close contact with the side of the bed in a narrow place, and there is no main wheel. Transfer of is easy.

The lock lever 12 is for locking the movement of the piston of the gas spring 10 when reclining, and the details will be described later.
In the present embodiment, the main body frame 1 has a structure in which the leg frame 1a and the upper frame 1b are joined, but there is no need to configure in this way, and both may be integrally manufactured. Hereinafter, both are considered to be integral and referred to as the main body frame 1.

  The first characteristic feature of the present invention is a reclining support mechanism. This will be described below. FIG. 3 is a side view showing only the framework of the wheelchair of this embodiment, and FIG. 3 (a) shows an erected state, and FIG. 3 (b) shows a reclining state.

  As seen in these figures, the lower end of the band plate-like connection frame 14 is rotatably supported at a first rotation fulcrum 15 provided at the lower part of the main body frame 1, and the upper end of the connection frame 14 is Is provided with a second pivot point 16. At the second pivot point 16, the lower part of the back frame 4 and the tip of the piston rod 37 of the gas spring 10 are rotatably connected to the connecting frame 14 via the horizontal rod 45 (see FIGS. 7 and 5) ).

A coil spring 47 is fitted around the outer periphery of the piston rod 37. When the back frame 4 is lowered rearward, the piston rod 37 pushes the gas chamber 32 but is biased by the internal pressure of the gas chamber 32. Further, when the back frame 4 is returned to the front, it is biased by the repulsive force of a coil spring 47 externally fitted to the piston rod 37. This makes it easy for anyone to recline.

  A third pivot point 17 is provided at a predetermined position above the second pivot point 16 of the back frame 4, wherein the rear end of the seat frame 5 is pivotably connected to the back frame 4. It is done. In addition, a fourth pivot fulcrum 18 is provided on the mounting hardware 19 at the front end of the seat frame 5, and the seat frame 5 is rotatably supported on the main body frame 1.

  In the present specification, the pivoting fulcrum and the hinge fulcrum described later are the connection points of the two members, and one of the members is formed with a cylindrical protrusion serving as a support shaft, and the other member is penetrated A hole or an insertion hole is formed, and both say the thing fitted so that rotation is possible, and it does not matter whether it is provided with a spindle in which member.

  The first pivot point 15 and the fourth pivot point 18 described above are fixed pivot points fixed to the body frame 1, and the second pivot point 16 and the third pivot point 17 are fixed. Not a movable fulcrum. However, the piston 37 of the gas spring 10 connected to the second pivot fulcrum 16 via the weir 45 (see FIG. 8) incorporates a lock mechanism for restraining the back and forth movement of the gas spring 10. When the second rotation fulcrum is in motion, the movement in the back and forth and up and down directions is restrained, and the second rotation fulcrum becomes a semi fixed fulcrum. Then, when the lock mechanism is released, the second pivot fulcrum 16 becomes a movable fulcrum which can freely move up and down and back and forth.

  The back frame 4 described above is supported by the second pivot point 16 and the third pivot point 17, and when the piston rod 37 of the gas spring 10 is locked, the vertical movement of the lower end of the back frame 4 The tilting of the back frame 4 is restricted, and only when the above-mentioned locking mechanism is released, the back frame 4 is allowed to tilt freely.

  On the other hand, since the seat frame 5 is pivotally supported by the third pivot point 17 with the back frame 4, the opening angle θ of the both becomes large when the back frame 4 is inclined, and the third The rear end of the seat frame 5 also descends downward when the pivot 17 is lowered. However, since the front end of the seat frame 5 is fixed by the fourth pivot 18, only the rear of the seat sinks downward.

  As described above, by connecting the body frame 1, the back frame 4, the seat frame 5 and the piston rod 37 of the gas spring 10 with the four pivots, the opening angle of the back and the seat is interlocked with the reclining. It is a feature of the present invention that the operation of increasing the velocity and the operation of sinking the back of the seat surface are performed simultaneously.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the back frame 4 is connected to the main body frame 1 via the connection frame 14. Thereby, at the time of reclining, the second pivot fulcrum 16 moves forward and descends downward. Therefore, the lower end of the back frame 4 is lowered, and the third pivot point 17 is also lowered accordingly. Therefore, an effect is obtained that the stroke of the downward sinking of the rear end of the seat frame 5 is increased.

  On the other hand, when the lower part of the back surface frame 4 is directly (rotatably) attached to the main body frame 1, the back surface frame 4 does not fall downward at the time of reclining. As described above, it is one of the features of the present invention that the sink stroke of the rear end of the seat surface at the time of reclining is enlarged by connecting the rear frame to the main body using the connecting frame 14.

  Further, another feature of the present invention is that the fourth pivoting point 18 is provided at the front end of the main body frame 1 on the front wheel side, and the pivoting point 18 and the front end of the seat frame 5 are connected by the mounting hardware 19. It is in the place where

  FIGS. 4 to 6 are views showing the structure of the reclining seat of the wheelchair of the present embodiment only with a frame. Depending on the difference of the fourth pivot point 18, the sinking depth of the buttocks part and the jumping height of the knee parts are largely different. In FIG. 4A, the rear frame 4 is substantially upright, and the fourth pivot 18 is provided on the rear side of the center point of the seat frame in the front-rear direction.

In FIG. 4B, the fourth pivot 18 is provided on the front side of the center point of the seat frame in the front-rear direction. Further, in FIG. 4 (b), the mounting surface frame 5 and the fourth pivot fulcrum 18 are connected by the mounting hardware 19.

  FIG. 5 is a view showing the difference between the sinking depth of the buttocks of the seat frame 5 and the rise height of the knee when the back frame 5 is lowered slightly backward. Comparing Fig. 5 (a) with Fig. 5 (b), the depression of the buttock portion is larger in Fig. 5 (b) (the fourth pivot point 18 is on the front end side of the seat surface). Bounce height of the part is small.

  FIG. 6 is a view showing the difference between the sinking depth of the buttocks of the seat frame 5 and the jumping height of the knee when the rear frame 4 is fully reclined. When the fourth pivot 18 is provided on the rear side of the center point of the seat frame in the front-rear direction, as shown in FIG. 6A, the knee portion jumps up against the sinking of the buttock portion. On the other hand, when the fourth pivot point 18 is provided on the front side of the center point of the seat frame in the front-rear direction, as shown in FIG. There is little. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), by connecting the fourth pivot fulcrum 18 and the seat surface with the mounting hardware 18, the collar portion is on the back side by a distance corresponding to the length and rotation angle of the mounting hardware 18. On the other hand, the rider can feel comfortable and comfortable.

  That is, if the fourth pivot point 18 is behind the center point of the seat frame 5 in the front-rear direction, the knee jumps more than the hips do, and the wheelchair becomes unstable. For this reason, the seated passenger feels anxious about backrest and falling of the chair. On the other hand, the fourth pivot point 18 is before the center point of the seat frame 5 in the front-rear direction, and the fourth pivot point 18 and the seat frame 5 have a fixed length. When connected with mounting hardware, the buttocks are lowered properly, and the knees bounce less when the buttocks sink. As a result, the rider can feel comfortable and comfortable at the time of reclining.

  Thus, it is preferable that the fourth pivoting point 18 be installed on the front side as much as possible, but if the fourth pivoting point 18 is provided before the knees, when the back frame 4 is lowered backward, With the fall, the knees also go down, making it difficult to obtain a relaxing effect. In addition, when the fourth pivot point 18 is provided at a position higher than the seat frame 5, the comfort and relaxation effects are difficult to obtain because it moves in the forward direction while lowering when the back frame 4 is lowered. That is, the fourth pivot point 18 is as forward as possible to the center point of the seat frame 5 in the front-rear direction, and is lower than the seat frame 5 behind the knees of the seat occupant and lower than the seat frame 5 It is preferable to provide the

In the wheelchair of this embodiment, the locking mechanism of the gas spring 10 is indispensable to keep the reclining tilt stable. The lock mechanism will be described in some detail below.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a lock mechanism of the gas spring used in the present embodiment, FIG. 7 (a) is a side view, and FIG. 7 (b) is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder portion.

  As seen in FIG. 7B, inside the cylinder 30, a free piston 31 that moves back and forth with fluid pressure divides it into a gas chamber 32 at the back and an oil chamber 33 at the front. The oil chamber 33 is divided into a first oil chamber 33 a and a second oil chamber 33 b by the piston head 34 sliding in the oil chamber 33 back and forth.

  Inside the piston head 34, an oil flow path 35 and a one-way valve 36 for opening and closing the flow path are provided. A cylindrical piston rod 37 for driving the piston head 34 is disposed at the center of the cylinder 30, and a push rod 38 is slidably inserted inside the piston rod 37. The rear end of the push rod 38 has a function of opening the one-way valve 36, and the front end is an unlocking pin 39. A seal member 40 is disposed near the front end of the second oil chamber 33b to prevent oil from flowing out. A coil spring 47 is externally fitted around the outer periphery of the piston rod 37 in a state where the end thereof is fixed to the end of the cylinder 30 or the like. The coil spring 47 expands and contracts with the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 37 to bias the reclining of the rear frame 4.

  Since oil in the oil chamber is an incompressible fluid, when the one-way valve 36 is closed, there is no flow of oil between the first oil chamber 33a and the second oil chamber 33b, so the piston head 34 moves back and forth The piston rod 37 is locked. By pushing in the lock release pin 39, the one-way valve 36 is opened to allow oil to flow and the piston rod 37 can freely move back and forth.

At the time of reclining, the piston rod 37 is pushed in and the internal pressure of the gas chamber 32 rises. When this pushing operation is stopped, the one-way valve 36 is closed by the internal pressure of the gas chamber 32, and the piston rod 37 is locked at that position.
The means for releasing the lock will be described with reference to FIG. 8 (a). In front of the cylinder 30, a lock release bracket 42 rotatably supported by a support shaft 41 is disposed. By pulling the lock release bracket 42 with the wire 43 and rotating it clockwise, the lock release pin 39 is pushed in and the one-way valve 36 is opened.

  The wire 43 is inserted into the protective tube 44 and connected to the lock release lever 12. In this embodiment, the lock release lever 12 is attached to the lower portion of one side of the side guard 11, and is configured to be able to release the lock by the operation of a wheelchair attendant.

  In the wheelchair of this embodiment, it is possible to lock the piston rod 37 at an arbitrary angle of reclining, and the reclining inclination angle is kept constant unless the caretaker unlocks the lock. In addition, a gas spring having such a function is generally commercially available.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the attachment structure of the tip of the piston rod of the gas spring in the present embodiment.
A piston rod 37 projects from the center of the cylinder 30 of the gas spring. An unlocking blanket 42 is disposed in contact with the end of the piston rod 37. This unlocking bracket 42, as seen in FIG. 7 (b),
It is provided to pull on the wire 43 and push in the unlocking pin 39 to unlock the piston rod 37.

  As seen in FIG. 8, on the left and right sides of the unlocking bracket 42, a pair of lateral weirs 45 are mounted orthogonal to the piston rod 37. The front ends of the left and right lateral ridges 45 have a cylindrical shaft, and the through holes of the back frame 5 and the through holes 46 of the connecting frame 14 are rotatably fitted to the shafts on both sides, A second pivot point 16 is formed.

When the second pivoting point 16 moves back and forth during reclining, the unlocking bracket connected by the horizontal link 45 also moves back and forth (rotational movement around the support shaft 41), and the piston rod 37 also moves accordingly. Move back and forth. Conversely, when the piston rod 37 moves back and forth, the second pivot 16 also moves back and forth.

The upper portions of the vertical frames on the left and right sides of the rear frame 4 are constrained by the horizontal frames and are inclined in conjunction with each other. Can be controlled.
That is, by adopting the structure as shown in FIG. 8, it can be seen that the tip of the piston rod 37 is pivotally connected to the left and right second pivots 16 via the transverse rod 45.

  FIG. 9 is a view showing the relationship between the operation force required for returning the back frame 4 and the reaction force of the coil spring 47 and the gas spring 10. The horizontal axis is the angle of the back frame 4 (reclining angle), and the vertical axis is the operation force required to return the back frame 4 that is lowered backward. If there is no repulsive force of the coil spring 47, an operating force of about 600 N is required to return from the full reclining state to the initial state. On the other hand, when the repulsive force of the coil spring 47 is used, the maximum value is about 180 N, and anyone can easily return the back frame 4 to the initial state.

The second characteristic feature of the present invention is the support mechanism of the armrest. This will be described below. FIG. 10 is a side view showing a framework of an armrest in the wheelchair of the present embodiment, and FIG. 10 (a) shows an erected state, and FIG. 10 (b) shows a reclining state.
This armrest comprises an armrest frame 6 and an armrest support frame 7. The armrest frame 6 is rotatably supported at its rear end (end on the rear side in the traveling direction) at a mounting pivot fulcrum 51 (A) provided on the back frame 4. Further, the front end of the armrest frame 6 is rotatably supported by a connecting pivot fulcrum 52 (B) provided at the upper end of the armrest support frame 7.

  On the other hand, the armrest support frame 7 is configured to be foldable by a hinge joint provided near the longitudinal center or below thereof, and the lower end of the armrest support frame 7 is rotatably supported near the front end of the seat surface frame 5 ing. In the present embodiment, the armrest support frame 7 is divided into an upper long piece 54 and a lower short piece 55, both of which are foldably connected by a hinge fulcrum 53 (C).

  The lower end of the short strip 55 is rotatably supported at a fourth pivot fulcrum 18 provided at the lower part of the mounting hardware 19 near the front end of the seat frame 5. When the external force for bending the armrest support frame 7 is not applied, the short strip 55 is held so as not to rotate almost at a fixed angle with respect to the horizontal, and only the long strip 54 is hinged at the hinge fulcrum 53 (C). Rotate and tilt.

  In such a configuration, four pieces of the back frame 4, the seat surface claim 5, the armrest frame 6 and the armrest support frame 7 are arms, and their mutual pivot points (indicated by symbols A, B, C, D) A quadrilateral link mechanism is formed as a node.

  The present invention is characterized in that each of the two opposing sides (piece AB and piece CD and piece AD and piece BC) of the quadrilateral having the four nodes of the above-mentioned link mechanism as apexes have substantially the same length. I assume. Thereby, according to the parallelogram principle, there is obtained an effect that the seat surface claim 5 and the armrest frame 6 become almost parallel regardless of how the angle of reclining (the opening angle of the piece AB and the piece AD) changes. . That is, at the time of reclining, the inclination of the armrest can be changed to a proper state without any operation by the seat rider. This is the second essential point of the present invention.

  The third characteristic configuration of the present invention relates to a moving mechanism of the armrest which changes the position of the armrest so as not to be in the way of getting in or out of the wheelchair user. For this purpose, in the wheelchair according to the present invention, the armrest frame 6 and the armrest support frame 7 are each divided into two parts so as to be bendably joined by a hinge joint, and both attachment points are made rotatable. The moving mechanism will be described below.

  FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the structure of an armrest frame in the present embodiment, and FIG. 11 (a) shows an extended state and FIG. 11 (b) shows a bent state. The armrest frame 6 is composed of a main body arm 61 and a support member 62. A hinge fulcrum 63 is provided near the longitudinal center of the main body arm 61, and a lock pin 64 and a through hole (not shown) for inserting the lock pin 64 are provided at the rear end. Further, the front end is connected to the armrest support frame 7.

  Further, one end (rear end) of the support member 62 is rotatably fixed by an armrest mounting fulcrum 51 provided on the back frame 4, and the other end (front end) is a main body by a hinge fulcrum 63. The arm 61 is rotatably connected.

  During a normal seat riding, as shown in FIG. 11A, the lock pin 64 is inserted into an insertion hole (not shown) provided near the base of the support member 62, and the main body arm 61 and the support member 62. The entire armrest frame 6 is held at a predetermined height in a parallel state.

  At the time of getting on / off or transferring, as shown in FIG. 11B, the lock pin 64 is removed, and the front end side of the support member 62 is bent downward 90 ° about the armrest mounting fulcrum 51 as an axis. Thus, the rear end of the main body arm 61 is lowered to near the height of the seat frame.

  FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the structure of the armrest supporting frame in the present embodiment, and FIG. 12 (a) shows an extended state and FIG. 12 (b) shows a bent state. The armrest supporting frame 7 is composed of a long piece 54 and a short piece 55, and both are bendably joined at a hinge fulcrum 53.

  The upper end of the long piece 54 is rotatably supported at the connection pivot point 52 of the front end of the main body arm 61 of the armrest frame 6, and the lower end of the short piece 55 is a fourth rotation of the upper portion of the main body frame 1. It is rotatably supported at a fulcrum. As shown in FIG. 12 (b), when the hinge joint is bent, the front end of the main body arm 61 is lowered to the vicinity of the main body frame 1.

  In the armrest supporting frame of the present embodiment, the opening angle between the long piece 54 and the short piece 55 is limited so as not to be about 120 ° or more, but the long piece 54 and the short piece 55 are The configuration may be linear (180 ° opening angle).

  FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the attachment state of the armrest in this embodiment, FIG. 13 (a) shows a state before movement of the armrest, and FIG. 13 (b) shows a state after movement. As shown in FIG. 13A, in the state before movement of the armrest (normal seat riding), the rear end of the main body arm 61 is fixed near the back frame by the lock pin 64, and the support member 62 is forward It is in a state of being overhanged.

  Further, the hinge joint 53 is extended and the front end of the main body arm 61 is supported by the upright armrest support frame 7. Thus, the main body arm 61 is held substantially horizontally at a predetermined height around the elbow of the seat occupant.

  As shown in FIG. 13 (b), after the movement of the armrest (at the time of getting on or off or transferring), the lock pin 64 is pulled out, the front end of the support member 62 hangs downward, and the rear end of the main arm 61 is downward. To descend. The armrest support frame 7 is bent by the hinge joint 53, so that the front end of the main body arm 61 is also lowered to the vicinity of the seat frame 5 and held substantially horizontal at this position.

  That is, it is possible to move the armrest to a position where it does not interfere with getting on and off simply by pulling out the lock pin 64 and lightly pushing the body arm 61. Conversely, when the armrest is returned, the main body arm 61 is slightly lifted and the lock pin 64 is inserted, whereby the main body arm 61 is fixed in the original position.

  Although the lock pin and the corresponding through hole and insertion hole are used as the lock mechanism of the main body arm in the present embodiment, the lock mechanism need not be limited to this method. Further, although the insertion hole of the lock pin is provided in the vicinity of the root of the support member 62, this may be provided on the side surface of the back frame 4.

  As described above, the reclining support mechanism, the armrest support mechanism, and the armrest moving mechanism of the present invention can be widely applied not only to wheelchairs but also to reclining chairs for various uses.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance in the state in which the backrest was erected of the chair for a chair which is an Example of this invention. It is a perspective view of the reclining state of the wheelchair of a present Example. It is a side view which shows the framework of the wheelchair of a present Example. It is the figure which showed the reclining structure of the wheelchair of a present Example only with a framework. It is the figure which showed the difference in the sinking depth of the buttocks part of the seat surface flame | frame 5 when the back surface flame | frame 5 is lowered | hung a little backwards, and the jump height of a knee part. It is the figure which showed the difference in the sinking depth of the buttocks part of the seat surface flame | frame 5 when the back flame | frame 4 is reclining fully, and the jump height of a knee part. It is explanatory drawing of the locking mechanism of the gas spring used by the present Example. It is a perspective view which shows the attachment structure of the front-end | tip of the piston rod of the gas spring in a present Example. FIG. 6 is a view showing a relationship between an operation force required to return the back frame 4 and reaction forces of the coil spring 47 and the gas spring 10; It is a side view showing a framework of an armrest in a wheelchair of this example. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of an armrest frame in a present Example. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of an armrest support frame in a present Example. It is a perspective view which shows the attachment condition of an armrest in a present Example.

1: Body frame 1a: Leg frame 1b: Upper frame 2: Front wheel 3: Rear wheel 4: Rear frame 5 seat frame 6: Armrest frame 7: Arm support frame 8: Headrest frame , 9: Footrest frame, 10: Gas spring, 11: Side guard, 12: Lock release lever, 13: Seat surface pad, 14: Coupling frame, 15: First pivot point, 16: Second pivot point , 17: third pivot point, 18: fourth pivot point, 19: mounting hardware 30: cylinder, 31: free piston, 32: gas chamber, 33: oil chamber, 33a: first oil chamber, 33b : Second oil chamber, 34: Piston head, 35: Oil flow path, 36: One-way valve, 37: Piston rod, 38: Push rod, 39: Lock release pin, 40: Sealant, 41: Support shaft, 42: Lock release bracket, 43: Wire, 44: Protective tube, 45: Horizontal, 46: Through hole 51: Mounting rotation fulcrum, 52: Coupling rotation fulcrum, 53: hinge fulcrum, 54: Long piece, 55: short piece,
61: body arm, 62: support member, 63: hinge fulcrum, 64: lock pin

A first aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems is a main body frame (1) having a pair of legs at the front and back, a rear frame (4) tiltably supported by the main body frame, and a seat frame ( 5) A nursing chair comprising a spring mechanism (10) for biasing the back frame to tilt, wherein the lower part of the body frame (1) and the lower part of the back frame (4) are connected A first pivot point (15) for pivotally connecting one end of a pair of connection frames (14) and the body frame (1), and a tip of a drive rod of the spring mechanism (10) Part and the middle part, and the other end of the connection frame (14), the lower part of the back frame (4), and the lower end of the back frame (4) through a horizontal weir (45) connecting the pair of connection frames Tip of drive rod of spring mechanism (10) A second pivot point for connecting the parts pivotably (16), and said rear frame (4) for connecting to said second pivot point (16), and said seat surface frame (5) A third pivot point (17) rotatably connected, and one end of which is fixed to the front wheel side with respect to a center point of the seat frame (5) in the front-rear direction, and the other end is Providing a fourth pivot point pivotally connecting the other end of the mounting hardware mounted on the front wheel side of the body frame (1) lower than the height of the seat frame (5) It is a chair for nursing care.

In the above chair for nursing care, it is desirable that the spring mechanism be a gas spring. Further, in the chair for nursing care of the above invention, it is preferable that the front wheel and the rear wheel be made of casters which are rotatably attached to leg portions of the main body frame. Further, it is preferable that the back frame is configured such that a spine flexion portion of a care recipient does not abut on a component of the back frame. Furthermore, the spring mechanism is biased toward the front of the back frame by the internal pressure of the piston rod pushed into the gas chamber when the back frame is lowered backward, and when the back frame is returned forward, the piston mechanism is It is preferable that the forward tilt of the rear frame is assisted by the repulsive force of the fitted spring. This allows anyone to easily perform the reclining operation.

A coil spring 47 is fitted around the outer periphery of the piston rod 37. When the back frame 4 is lowered rearward, the piston rod 37 pushes the gas chamber 32, but the internal pressure of the gas chamber 32 biases the back frame 4 to tilt forward . Further, when the back frame 4 is returned to the front, the forward tilt of the back frame 4 is assisted by the repulsive force of the coil spring 47 fitted on the piston rod 37 . This makes it easy for anyone to recline.

Inside the piston head 34, an oil flow path 35 and a one-way valve 36 for opening and closing the flow path are provided. A cylindrical piston rod 37 for driving the piston head 34 is disposed at the center of the cylinder 30, and a push rod 38 is slidably inserted inside the piston rod 37. The rear end of the push rod 38 has a function of opening the one-way valve 36, and the front end is an unlocking pin 39. A seal member 40 is disposed near the front end of the second oil chamber 33b to prevent oil from flowing out. A coil spring 47 is externally fitted around the outer periphery of the piston rod 37 in a state where the end thereof is fixed to the end of the cylinder 30 or the like. The coil spring 47 expands and contracts in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 37 to assist the tilting of the rear frame 4 to the front .

Claims (4)

A nursing chair comprising a body frame having a pair of legs in front and rear, a back frame and a seat frame supported so as to be able to tilt on the body frame, and a spring mechanism for biasing the back frame to tilt. There,
One end of a pair of connecting frames connecting the lower rear leg of the main body frame to the lower part of the back frame, and a first pivot point rotatably connecting the main body frame;
The other end of the connection frame, the lower part of the back frame, and the end of the drive rod of the spring mechanism are rotatably connected to the both ends of the horizontal link that connects the pair of connection frames. A second pivot point to be connected;
The rear frame coupled to the second pivot point, and a third pivot point pivotally coupled to the seat frame;
One end is fixed to the front wheel side with respect to the center point of the seat frame in the front-rear direction, and is fixed to the rear side of the seat occupant's knee and the other end is greater than the height of the seat frame And a fourth pivot point pivotally connecting the other end of the mounting hardware mounted on the front wheel side of the lower body frame.   The chair for nursing care according to claim 1, wherein casters are rotatably attached to the legs.   The chair for nursing care according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the back frame is configured such that a spine flexion portion of a cared person does not abut on a component of the back frame. The spring mechanism is biased by an internal pressure by pushing the piston rod into the gas chamber when the back frame is lowered backward, and is biased by a spring force externally fitted to the piston rod when the back frame is returned forward. A chair for nursing care according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

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