JP2018538392A - 有毒ガス低減型の環境にやさしい着火炭及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
有毒ガス低減型の環境にやさしい着火炭及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018538392A JP2018538392A JP2018526189A JP2018526189A JP2018538392A JP 2018538392 A JP2018538392 A JP 2018538392A JP 2018526189 A JP2018526189 A JP 2018526189A JP 2018526189 A JP2018526189 A JP 2018526189A JP 2018538392 A JP2018538392 A JP 2018538392A
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Abstract
Description
本発明に使用される木質材料として、従来の成形木炭製造の際に問題視された有害成分が含まれた炭材料の無分別な使用を禁止するため、山林や日常生活環境における無害な木質材料を利用する。その際に主材料として使用される木質材料は、松クイ虫被害、クヌギが枯れ落ちる病気、害虫の被害木、街路樹木、小枝、小径の間伐材、森整備事業副産物などをはじめとする低付加価値の原料をはじめとし、一般的な竹、松(pine)、ピッチパイン、カラマツ、チョウセンマツ、グラディエーターパイン、ユーカリトップス、メランティ、シラカバ、栗、ヒノキ、杉、ブナ、赤オーク(oak)、ブラウンオーク、ホワイトオーク、ナラガシワ、アベマキ、クヌギ、野桜、ソメイヨシノ、アカシアの木、加増木、ポプラ、ベトナム産アカシア、クルイン(keruing)を含めた発生履歴が明らかな種々の混合種を含む。
上述したようにチッピング及び破砕された木材チップを乾燥及び炭化室に移送した後、一括式木材高温乾燥及び炭化機器又は連続式木材乾燥及び炭化機器の火炉の温度が本発明の処理工程温度である150 ℃〜400 ℃まで昇温される。火炉の内部は、空気遮断状態(無酸素状態)に72時間以内の時間保たれ、急速高温乾燥及び熱加工処理が行われる。
上述の熱加工処理工程を経て取出又は回収された熱加工処理済みの木材チップは、産業用チッパー又は木材チップ専用の粉砕機などを用いて、一般的なパーティクルボード用削片の大きさである8メッシュ〜40メッシュの粒子サイズの木材チップ又は木粉状態に粉砕される。
上述の粉砕工程を経て回収された熱加工処理済み木粉に、天然系の粘結剤が付加される。この粘結剤の添加率は完全乾燥燃料の固形分が12 %〜15 %となるように混合され、混合された後に攪拌され、成形・射出が行われる。成形時に付加される粘結剤は、熱加工処理済み木粉を製品に成形するためのバインダーの役割を果たしている。本発明で使用される粘結剤(接着剤)は、澱粉接着剤、米粉接着剤、大豆接着剤、ゼラチン接着剤、血漿接着剤、にかわ接着剤、タンニン接着剤、又は寒天接着剤などのエコ接着剤である。
上述の成形及びプレス工程を経て得た木炭成形加工物は、常温で1日〜2日養生された後、40 ℃〜105 ℃の乾燥機内で送風乾燥又は乾燥される。
上述の乾燥工程を経た木炭成形製品の片面に乾性油(アマニ油、ごま油、ケシ油、くるみ油、紅花油、ひまわり油、混合油など)が塗布される。この時の塗布量は10 g〜30 gであり、塗布した後、40 ℃〜105 ℃の熱空気乾燥を経て最終製品が製造される。
Claims (5)
- 木材を産業用チッパーを利用してチッピングした後、炭素含有量が55 wt%以上80 wt%未満となるように150 ℃〜400 ℃の処理温度で熱処理した後、粉砕機に投入して木粉に粉砕して得られる熱処理木粉を、澱粉接着剤、米粉接着剤、ゼラチン接着剤、にかわ接着剤、血漿接着剤、寒天接着剤、及びタンニン接着剤を含む天然接着剤グループのうちの1つの接着剤と共に攪拌し、型又はモールドプレス型に注入して圧縮成形し、成形後に乾性油10 g〜30 gを片面に塗布して乾燥することにより、着火を容易にしかつ有毒ガス発生を減少させるようにしたことを特徴とする有毒ガス低減型の環境にやさしい着火炭。
- 着火炭の製造方法において、
木材を産業用チッパーを利用してチッピングする工程と、
前記チッピングする工程後に得られた木質材料を、炭素含有量が55 wt%以上80 wt%未満となるように150 ℃〜400 ℃の処理温度で熱加工処理する工程と、
前記熱加工処理する工程を経た木質材料を粉砕機に投入して木粉に粉砕する工程と、
前記粉砕する工程を経た熱処理木粉を、澱粉接着剤、米粉接着剤、ゼラチン接着剤、にかわ接着剤、血漿接着剤、寒天接着剤、及びタンニン接着剤を含む天然接着剤グループのうちの1つの接着剤と共に攪拌後、型又はモールドプレス型に注入して圧縮成形して乾燥する工程とを備えており、
前記圧縮成形して乾燥する工程による成形後に、1日〜2日間の常温で冷却した後、乾性油10 g〜30 gを片面に塗布して40 ℃〜105 ℃の乾燥機内で熱空気乾燥する工程をさらに備えており、着火を容易にしかつ有毒ガス発生を減少させるようにしたことを特徴とする有毒ガス低減型の環境にやさしい着火炭の製造方法。 - 前記木粉に粉砕する工程は、8メッシュ〜40メッシュの大きさに粉砕する工程であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の有毒ガス低減型の環境にやさしい着火炭の製造方法。
- 前記チッピングする工程における木材の含水状態は、生木が含水率50 %〜80 %であり、大気乾燥木が含水率11 %〜15 %であり、全乾木が含水率0 %〜3 %であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の有毒ガス低減型の環境にやさしい着火炭の製造方法。
- 前記熱加工処理する工程において、炭化機器の大気温度を150 ℃〜400 ℃まで昇温し、該炭化機器の火炉の内部を空気遮断状態で72時間以下の時間、熱処理し、前記炭化機器内において、水平軸を中心に回転する回転ドラム内に木材チップを供給し、該回転ドラムをモーターによって回転させつつ加熱手段によって加熱することにより急速熱処理することを特徴とする請求項2記載の有毒ガス低減型の環境にやさしい着火炭の製造方法。
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