EP3378922B1 - Toxic gas-reducing, environmentally-friendly ignition coal, and method of manufacturing same - Google Patents

Toxic gas-reducing, environmentally-friendly ignition coal, and method of manufacturing same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3378922B1
EP3378922B1 EP16866679.0A EP16866679A EP3378922B1 EP 3378922 B1 EP3378922 B1 EP 3378922B1 EP 16866679 A EP16866679 A EP 16866679A EP 3378922 B1 EP3378922 B1 EP 3378922B1
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Prior art keywords
adhesive
wood
heat
ignition
wood powder
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3378922A4 (en
EP3378922A1 (en
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Seog Goo Kang
Chang Goo Lee
Chul Choi
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Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Chungnam National University
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Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Chungnam National University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L11/00—Manufacture of firelighters
    • C10L11/04—Manufacture of firelighters consisting of combustible material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
    • C10L5/14—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/26—After-treatment of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/32—Coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • C10L9/083—Torrefaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/06—Firelighters or wicks, as additive to a solid fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/20—Coating of a fuel as a whole or of a fuel component
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to toxic gas reducing environmentally friendly ignition coal and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to toxic gas reducing environmentally friendly ignition coal in which an amount of toxic gases harmful to the human body is significantly reduced even in ignition and combustion processes, and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • FR 695 798 A describes a fire starter comprising chips, fibers, or strips of wood, lightly treated in a roaster.
  • WO 2014/014910 A1 describes a high-energy water-resistant pellet of at least 75% torrefied wood and a remainder binder comprising from about 2% to about 20% by total weight of the pellet.
  • ignition coal is a type of agglomerated wood charcoal, which is called shaped molding coal or rapid ignition coal for ignition and firing, and includes all kinds of conventional sawdust molding coal, charcoal powder molding coal, and sawdust charcoal.
  • the agglomerated wood charcoal is formed by molding raw materials such as particles, saw dusts, shavings, barks, and the like, of wood, bamboo or seeds, into a certain shape, to then be carbonized, and mixing the carbonized charcoal with an auxiliary additive such as a coking material (such as wheat flour or starch) and a burning material (such as barium nitrate or sodium nitrate) to then be molded (Announcement of Specification and Quality Standard of Wood Products; No. 2015-2; Annex 14-Molded Charcoal).
  • a coking material such as wheat flour or starch
  • a burning material such as barium nitrate or sodium nitrate
  • the agglomerated wood charcoal is produced through a phenomenon and a process in which organic substances are heated and pyrolyzed in an anaerobic atmosphere (or low-oxygen atmosphere) blocking air and oxygen.
  • the main materials of the above-mentioned agglomerated wood charcoal are standardized by using hardwood, softwood, bamboo and their seeds, sawdust, shavings and barks which are carbonized, but it is stipulated not to use other construction waste wood, household waste wood, disinfection treated wood, preservative treatment wood, and other hazardous material contaminated material.
  • charcoal for roasting, except general wood, which is mainly used for roasting, before the agglomerated wood charcoal is developed. Also, there are many cases where hard charcoal or bamboo charcoal is used as charcoal because the yield of charcoal with respect to a volume standard (%) is high as a higher dense species of tree as a raw material of charcoal obtained through a long-term wood charcoal making process.
  • the agglomerated wood charcoal made as the simple kindling wood is manufactured to contain a combustion material such as barium nitrate or sodium nitrate in order to improve ignition time and firepower.
  • a combustion material such as barium nitrate or sodium nitrate in order to improve ignition time and firepower.
  • sawdust coal or hard charcoal that is produced without containing the combustion material should be used.
  • Table 1 shows the results of the toxic gas substance detection experiment conducted with the ignition coal available in the market in 2007, at the Sejong University atmospheric environment laboratory.
  • the agglomerated wood charcoal such as conventional ignition charcoal by applying a new material and manufacturing method thereof, as well as to develop a new technology for manufacturing ignition coal (i.e., the agglomerated wood charcoal) of a new concept capable of reducing the toxic gas, in order to prevent the problems of indiscreet use of harmful wood of unclear history and of a method of mixing chemical-based combustion materials such as barium nitrate and sodium nitrate, and the cases of abusing the agglomerated wood charcoal for suicide.
  • ignition coal i.e., the agglomerated wood charcoal
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to overcome the above-mentioned problems that, in the case of conventional ignition coal such as firball coal made of charcoal powder, the ignition time is long, and an igniting agent and a chemical adhesive are used for supplementing the demerit of the long igniting time, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new concept of toxic gas reducing type environmentally friendly ignition coal in which the generation of toxic gas is reduced by shortening the ignition time without using an igniting agent, and excluding the use of a formalin-based adhesive (such as a melamine resin adhesive) which can be used in molding, and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • a formalin-based adhesive such as a melamine resin adhesive
  • a natural combustion material such as linseed oil that is drying oil and innocuous natural vegetable
  • a method of manufacturing toxic gas reducing environmentally friendly ignition coal comprises the steps of: chipping wood to a predetermined size or less by using an industrial chipping machine; heat treating the woody material obtained after the chipping step for a predetermined time at a processing temperature of 150 °C to 400 °C so that the carbon content of the woody material is 50 wt% or more and less than 90 wt%; pulverizing the woody material that has undergone the heat treating step into a pulverizer to then be pulverized into a wood powder; agitating the heat-treated wood powder with a natural adhesive, to then inject the agitated wood powder into a mold or a mold press; compression molding and drying the molded wood powder, thereby reducing toxic gas generation.
  • the adhesive comprises one adhesive of a natural adhesive group consisting of a starch adhesive, a rice flour adhesive, a gelatin adhesive, a blood plasma adhesive, an agar adhesive, and a tannin adhesive.
  • pulverization is performed in a size of 2.36 mm (8 mesh) to 0.425 mm (40 mesh).
  • the water content condition of the wood comprises the condition of the living tree having a water content of 50 % to 80 %, an atmospheric dry wood having a water content of 11 % to 15 %, and an entire dry wood having a water content of 0 % to 3 %.
  • the atmospheric temperature of a furnace in a carbonization apparatus is raised to 150 °C to 400 °C, and the inside of the furnace is subjected to heat treatment for 72 hours or less in an oxygen-free condition, in which, in the carbonization apparatus, the wood chips are supplied into a rotary drum rotating around the horizontal axis of the carbonization apparatus, and the rotary drum is heated by a heating unit for a rapid heat treatment, while rotating the rotary drum by a motor.
  • the toxic gas reducing environmentally friendly ignition coal according to the present invention is produced by chipping wood to a certain size or less by using an industrial chipper and then heat-treating at a treatment temperature of 150 °C to 400 °C for a certain period of time so that the carbon content is 50 wt% or more and less than 90 wt%; pulverizing the woody material that has undergone the heat treating step into a pulverizer to then be pulverized into a wood powder; agitating the heat-treated wood powder with a natural adhesive, to then inject the agitated wood powder into a mold or a mold press; compression molding and drying the molded wood powder, thereby reducing toxic gas generation.
  • the ignition time is long and an ignition agent is used to supplement the long ignition time.
  • the toxic gas reducing environmentally friendly ignition coal is easy to be ignited in which toxic gas generation is significantly reduced.
  • Toxic gas reducing environmentally friendly ignition coal according to the present invention is manufactured by a method of manufacturing toxic gas reducing environmentally friendly ignition coal according to the present invention comprising the steps of: chipping wood to a predetermined size or less by using an industrial chipping machine; heat treating the woody material obtained after the chipping step for a predetermined time at a processing temperature of 150 °C to 400 °C so that the carbon content of the woody material is 50 wt% or more and less than 90 wt%; pulverizing the woody material that has undergone the heat treating step into a pulverizer to then be pulverized into a wood powder; agitating the heat-treated wood powder with a natural adhesive (such as a starch adhesive, a rice flour adhesive, a gelatin adhesive, a blood plasma adhesive, an agar glue, or a tannin glue), to then inject the agitated wood powder into a mold or a mold press; compression molding and drying the molded wood powder; and applying drying oil (such as linseed oil, pe
  • the woody material used in an embodiment of the present invention uses a harmless woody material in the forest or daily life environment in order to inhibit the indiscreet use of the charcoal material containing harmful substances, which has been a problem in manufacturing conventional agglomerated wood charcoal.
  • the woody material used as the main material includes various kinds of mixed species of trees whose raw material history is clear, including general bamboos, pines, liga pines, larches, Korean white pines, radiata pines, eucalyptus, merantis, Chinese pines, birches, chestnuts, woodwort trees, cedars, oaks, red oaks, brown oaks, white oaks, oriental species of oaks, cherry trees, Yoshino cherry trees, acacia trees, weed trees, poplars, acacia from Vietnam, and keruing, in addition to low-value-added raw materials including trees damaged from disease and harmful insects such as pine trees suffering from victim of rehabilitation, and oak trees suffering from withering disease, cut roadside trees, t
  • the above-mentioned wood is first logged, cut to a length of about 1 m, and then chipped and pulverized through an industrial chipper or the like to a size of 5 cm to 15 cm, preferably 10 cm, including barks.
  • the water content conditions of the wood include the water content conditions of the living tree having the water content of 50 % to 80 %, the atmospheric dry wood having the water content of 11 % to 15 %, and the entire dry wood having the water content of 0 % to 3 %.
  • the above chipped and pulverized wood chips are transferred to a drying and carbonization chamber and then the temperature of a furnace of batch wood hot drying and carbonization equipment or continuous wood drying and carbonization equipment is raised to a processing temperature of 150 °C to 400 °C, and the interior of the furnace is subjected to rapid high-temperature drying and heat treatment within 72 hours in an air-blocked state (or an oxygen-free condition).
  • the wood chips are heat-treated by wood roasting in order to prevent the problem that the raw woody materials are generally carbonized because the raw materials are put in the state of reaching the temperature of 150 °C
  • the wood chips are supplied into a rotary drum rotating around a horizontal axis instead of a conventional carbonization furnace, and the rotary drum is heated by a heating unit including a gas burner while the rotary drum is rotated by a motor, to thereby heat treating the woody chips successively and rapidly. Therefore, in order to supplement the shortcomings such a long carbonization time and difficult continuous production in the conventional carbonization furnace, the wood chips can be heat treated rapidly at a low cost by continuously heat treating the wood chips according to some embodiments of the present invention, as described above.
  • the heat treatment step means the state in which water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other volatile substances including acetic acid, and methanol has been removed from the wood and before the wood has been produced into charcoal, as the heat treatment temperature and the heat treatment time are increased as shown in FIG. 8 during the wood carbonization step, and it becomes.
  • the wood treatment range according to the embodiment of the present invention is divided with the carbon content
  • the wood is heat treated to have the carbon content of 50 wt% to 90 wt% that is an intermediate carbon content range between the carbon content of the charcoal of 90 wt% to 100 wt% and the carbon content of the living tree state of 40 wt% to 50 wt%, preferably is heat treated to have the carbon content of 55 wt% to 80 wt%. Therefore, the incidence of incombustible gas is very low in comparison with a general wood even in the combustion process at the time of producing ignition coal, and the characteristic of high heat calorific value is exerted due to the higher carbon content than a general untreated wood.
  • the raw materials to be introduced in some embodiments of the present invention are heat treated for 72 hours or less.
  • material conditions such as a size, density, shape, weight, and area, and water content conditions such as 50 % to 80 % of the living tree, 11 % to 15 % of the atmospheric dry wood, and 0 % to 3 % of the entire dry tree.
  • the treatment time of 72 hours or less varies depending on the size of the initial raw material to be heat treated (such as the log, wood, plate, wood chip, wood powder, etc.), the inner diameter of a furnace of the semi-carbonization apparatus, and the quantity of the raw materials to be semi-carbonized.
  • the wood subjected to the above heat treatment is also taken out immediately after the treatment or cooled to the room temperature.
  • the heat-treated wood chips taken out or collected through the above heat treatment process undergo a process of pulverizing the wood chips into the wood chips or wood powder of particle size of 8 mesh to 40 mesh in size, which is the size of the particles for general particle boards, through an industrial chipper or a pulverizer dedicated for wood chips.
  • the wood powder obtained by the above pulverizing process is added with a natural adhesive such as a binder and mixed with the natural adhesive at a mixing ratio of solids of 12 % to 15 % based on the total dry fuel as a ratio of the natural adhesive added, to then undergo processes of stirring, molding and injecting the mixed result.
  • the adhesive to be added during molding serves as a binder to form the heat-treated wood powder into a product.
  • the binder (i.e., the adhesive) used in the present invention may be a starch adhesive, a rice flour adhesive, a soybean adhesive, a gelatin adhesive, a blood plasma adhesive, a tannin adhesive, an agar adhesive, and the like, as an environmentally friendly adhesive.
  • the blood plasma adhesive is manufactured by using slaughter blood generated when slaughtering livestock such as cattle or pig, and separating and concentrating blood plasma as a supernatant liquid by centrifuging the slaughter blood with a centrifugal separator.
  • the tannin adhesive is an adhesive made by extracting the tannin components contained in the bark
  • the agar adhesive is an adhesive extracted by hydrolysis of algae such as agars.
  • the adhesive is used by mixing water or distilled water at various mixing ratios for viscosity control.
  • a chemical adhesive such as urea resin, melamine resin, etc., as a conventional binder used at the time of manufacturing the conventional agglomerated wood charcoal.
  • the mixing ratio of the wood powder and the adhesive is adjusted according to species, density, particle size, water content of the wood powder raw material, and viscosity of the adhesive, deposition time, and thermoplastic and thermosetting properties.
  • the method used for the ignition coal to be manufactured in the embodiment of the present invention is to thoroughly dry all of the main raw materials and then quantify the solid content of the adhesive corresponding to 12 % to 15 % of the weight of the wood powder so as to be introduced into the dried main raw materials.
  • the amount of distilled water and water added to make the quantified adhesive solid in liquid form is added in an amount of 1.5 to 2 times as much as the weight of the solid content of the adhesive, and stirred in a constant-temperature water bath through a boiling process at 40 °C to 60 °C until the viscosity became constant.
  • the liquid-phase adhesive is mixed with the completely dried raw material and stirred for a certain period of time, and is subjected to a deposition time at the room temperature for 5 minutes to 7 minutes before undergoing an injection process in a dedicated mold press. Then, the present mixed raw materials are vertically put into a molding machine of a mold press, or are injected through a stirring and mixing arrangement process, followed by injection molding.
  • a compression process of 5 minutes to 10 minutes is undergone as the pressing time, and thus a product of a round agglomerated wood charcoal shape having a large number of air holes can be recollected.
  • the amount of the solid content of the adhesive, the deposition time, the press time, and the press temperature can be set differently depending on the species, density, particle size and water content of the raw material. This should be done as long as it does not deviate from a large range.
  • the product specification is not
  • the diameter and height of the product and the number of holes can be appropriately adjustably shaped at a weight of 175 g or more.
  • the molded and formed products of the agglomerated wood charcoal obtained through the above molding and pressing processes are cured at the room temperature for 1 day to 2 days and then blow-dried or dried with hot air in a dryer at 40 °C to 105 °C, again.
  • Drying oil such as linseed oil, perilla oil, flaxseed oil, poppy oil, walnut oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, mixed solvent oil, etc.
  • the coating amount is applied at a level of 10 g to 30 g, and then dried through a hot air drying process at 40 °C to 105 °C to thus obtain a final product.
  • the wood chips are heat-treated and then processed into wood powder.
  • the wood may be heat-treated in a state of a wood size of about 1 m or so before being processed into wood chips, and processed and produced into the wood powder.
  • composition ratio of the conventional ignition coal was prepared by injecting and molding a mixture of 280 g of charcoal powder and 26 g of solid content of wheat flour, and applying 25 g of barium nitrate and 7 g of niter (i.e., sodium nitrate, etc.) onto the outer surface of the injection-molded resultant.
  • barium nitrate and 7 g of niter i.e., sodium nitrate, etc.
  • the temperature inside a cone type furnace was about 600 °C when 50 kW of power was used.
  • the carbon monoxide generation amount, the total heat emission amount, the ignition time, etc. were measured through 5 minutes of an experiment after having ignited a specimen in this environment. The results are as follows.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of measurement of a carbon monoxide generation amount.
  • the amounts of carbon monoxide emitted by the three kinds of the ignition coal made of certain trees such as pine, oak, and bamboo according to the present invention were significantly lower than that of the conventional rapid ignition coal. This is because the ignition performance of the ignition coal according to the present invention is superior to that of the conventional rapid ignition coal and relatively few of the non-combustion materials that are the main cause of carbon monoxide generation occur.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of a comparative analysis of the total heat release amounts obtained through the cone calorimeter experiment.
  • the three kinds of the ignition coil according to the present invention were found to have a higher heat release amount than the conventional rapid ignition coal. Therefore, it could be confirmed that the thermal efficiency of the ignition coal according to the present invention is higher than that of the conventional rapid ignition coal which is used as the kindling wood.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of the comparative analysis of the ignition time with the cone calorimeter experiment.
  • the ignition time was found to be required to be longer than those of the three types of the ignition coal according to the present invention. This was found to be considered to be due to the fact that the non-combustion materials including sodium nitrate are randomly stirred in the process of pulverizing the rapid ignition coal.
  • the ignition performance of bamboo could be confirmed to be superior to that of the general needle-leaf tree or broadleaf tree.
  • the carbon monoxide concentration of the product of the present invention was significantly lower than that of the conventional rapid ignition coal.
  • the maximum carbon monoxide concentration was 4096 ppm, but in the three types of the ignition coal according to the present invention, the maximum carbon monoxide concentrations were decreased by 87 % to 92 %, respectively. Therefore, the product of the present invention is distinguished as the most harmful toxic gas of the agglomerated wood charcoal, but it can be understood that the content of carbon monoxide, which is a cause of suicide use, is remarkably low.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the weight reduction rate with respect to the combustion time.
  • the product of the present invention exhibits more reduction in an identical time than the conventional rapid ignition coal.
  • the reason for this is that the fixed carbon ratio of the charcoal, which is the raw material of the conventional rapid ignition coal, is higher than the semi-carbonized woods, which are the raw material of the products of the present invention.
  • the weight (g) decreasing per hour was converted into the value of the high calorific value, and the total calories were summed.
  • the amounts of heat generated within an identical time of the products of the present invention were higher by 57 % to 60 % than that of the conventional rapid ignition coal. Therefore, when considering the use of the rapid ignition coal is used as a kindling wood, the ignition coal according to the present invention is superior to the conventional rapid ignition coal, in terms of thermal efficiency.
  • the charcoal soot may be applied to the hand during handling, but the cases where the coal soot is applied to the hand during handling are rarely encountered in the case of the ignition coal according to the present invention.
  • the reason for this is that it is because charcoal is used in the case of the conventional rapid ignition coal, and it is often caused by the action of graphite, which is a high carbon material, to pollute hands or clothes during handling.
  • graphite which is a high carbon material
  • the environmentally friendly ignition coal according to the present invention is provided to be capable of significantly reducing the generation of noxious gas while rapidly igniting compared to the conventional ignition charcoal. Also, the environmentally friendly ignition coal according to the present invention is expected to be used as a substitute for the conventional ignition coal in relation to camping, where the market size is increasing recently.
  • the present invention can be used as an environmentally friendly ignition coal in which ignition is easy and toxic gas generation is remarkably reduced because no other igniting agents and chemical adhesives are used.

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EP16866679.0A 2015-11-20 2016-11-18 Toxic gas-reducing, environmentally-friendly ignition coal, and method of manufacturing same Active EP3378922B1 (en)

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KR1020150163419A KR101665596B1 (ko) 2015-11-20 2015-11-20 유독가스저감형 친환경 착화탄 및 그 제조방법
PCT/KR2016/013306 WO2017086727A1 (ko) 2015-11-20 2016-11-18 유독가스저감형 친환경 착화탄 및 그 제조방법

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CN111218315A (zh) * 2019-11-29 2020-06-02 李春植 一种生物质成型燃料
KR102158953B1 (ko) 2020-04-22 2020-09-22 박인숙 젤형 착화제, 이를 포함하는 저바륨 착화 목탄 및 이의 제조방법
KR102402019B1 (ko) 2020-09-17 2022-05-26 신우산업 주식회사 수중 열충격 저항성이 우수한 난연성 에폭시 수지 및 이를 포함하는 센서 충진제

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JP4785633B2 (ja) * 2006-06-15 2011-10-05 安藤 由紀子 燃料用成形木炭の製造方法
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US20150203774A1 (en) * 2012-07-19 2015-07-23 Michael A. Lake Energy pellet
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JP6670933B2 (ja) 2020-03-25
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EP3378922A1 (en) 2018-09-26
JP2018538392A (ja) 2018-12-27
KR101665596B1 (ko) 2016-10-13

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