JP2018534553A - 溶液カソードグロー放電元素分析 - Google Patents
溶液カソードグロー放電元素分析 Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/66—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence
- G01N21/67—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence using electric arcs or discharges
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/66—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence
- G01N21/69—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence specially adapted for fluids, e.g. molten metal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/44—Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
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Abstract
Description
Claims (28)
- 直流電源に接続するように適応されて、アノード先端を有するアノードと、
前記直流電源に接続するように適応されて、前記アノードに隣接する接地電極先端を有し、前記接地電極先端および前記アノード先端に隣接する領域がプラズマ発光領域を形成する接地電極と、
溶液サンプルを受け入れるように適応されて、前記接地電極先端に隣接する出口先端を有するキャピラリーチューブと、
前記キャピラリーチューブの前記出口先端と前記接地電極先端のベースとの間にあって、前記プラズマ発光領域に隣接する溶液レベルを維持するように適応される溶液捕集カラーとを備えることを特徴とする、溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。 - 前記溶液捕集カラーが、円形の堰を備えることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- バブルが前記プラズマ発光領域に直接的に入るのを防止するために前記キャピラリーチューブの前記出口先端に隣接する円形のバブルブロッカーをさらに備えることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- 前記溶液捕集カラーが、ウィッキング要素を備えることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- 前記ウィッキング要素が、ガラスフリットのウィックまたは多孔質セラミックのウィックを備えることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- 前記ウィックが、円板状であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- 前記ウィックが、先細であり、前記接地電極先端に隣接するウィック先端を有することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- 動作中に、前記接地電極の領域が廃棄のサンプル溶液で実質的に覆われるように前記接地電極の周囲に環状の流れ制限器をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- 前記環状の流れ制限器が、Oリングまたは第2のウィッキング要素を備えることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- 前記溶液捕集カラーが、前記キャピラリーチューブの前記出口先端よりも約0.3mm〜約3.0mm下方に位置することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- 前記アノードおよび前記接地電極が、固定されて、前記アノード先端および前記接地電極先端間の距離が、動作に先だってセットされることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- 前記アノードからの熱を消散するために前記アノードと熱的に接続された熱伝導性の銅のヒートシンクをさらに備えることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置。
- 溶液サンプルの分析方法であって、
溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置を提供するステップと、
2.0mL/分未満のサンプリング流量で前記溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置のキャピラリーチューブに前記溶液サンプルを提供するステップと、
電流の印加によって安定したプラズマ・グロー放電を開始または維持するステップと、
グロー放電発光を分析するステップとを備えることを特徴とする、溶液サンプルの分析方法。 - 前記溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置が、請求項1に記載されたSCGD装置を備えることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の分析方法。
- 前記溶液捕集カラーが、円形の堰であることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の分析方法。
- 前記溶液捕集カラーが、ウィッキング要素であることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の分析方法。
- 動作中に、前記接地電極の領域が廃棄のサンプル溶液で実質的に覆われるように、前記溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置が、前記接地電極のまわりに環状の流れ制限器をさらに備えることを特徴とする、請求項16に記載の分析方法。
- 前記サンプリング流量が、約1.5mL/分であることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の分析方法。
- 前記安定したプラズマ・グロー放電を開始するステップが、前記サンプリング流量よりも大きな開始流量で前記溶液サンプルをパルス化するステップを備えることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の分析方法。
- 前記開始ステップの間に前記溶液サンプルで前記溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置のアノードと接触するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項19に記載の分析方法。
- オンラインで、連続的に、またはリアルタイム環境で実施されることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の分析方法。
- 前記安定したプラズマ・グロー放電を分析するステップが、高周波ノイズを除去するためにローパスフィルタを適用するステップを備えることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の分析方法。
- 前記安定したプラズマ・グロー放電発光を分析するステップが、一つ以上の分子種を検出するステップを備えることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の分析方法。
- 前記一つ以上の分子種の同位体を区別するステップをさらに備えることを特徴とする、請求項23に記載の分析方法。
- 前記一つ以上の分子種が、溶解シリカまたはコロイダルシリカであることを特徴とする、請求項24に記載の分析方法。
- クレイを含む酸性化された溶液サンプルにおけるコロイド状の対イオンの測定方法であって、
溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置を提供するステップと、
前記溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置のキャピラリーチューブに濾過されていない溶液サンプルを提供するステップであって、
電流の印加によってプラズマ・グロー放電を開始または維持して、
前記濾過されていない溶液サンプルから少なくともナトリウム・グロー放電を検出するステップと、
実質的にクレイの無い濾過された溶液サンプルをキャピラリーチューブに提供するステップであって、
電流の印加によってプラズマ・グロー放電を開始または維持して、
前記濾過された溶液サンプルから少なくとも前記ナトリウム・グロー放電を検出するステップと、
酸性化によって放出されるクレイの対イオンの測定値を示すために、前記濾過されていない溶液サンプルの前記ナトリウム・グロー放電から前記濾過された溶液サンプルの前記ナトリウム・グロー放電を差し引くステップとを備えることを特徴とする、測定方法。 - 正味の前記ナトリウム・グロー放電が、前記溶液サンプルの相対的なクレイ含有量を示すことを特徴とする、請求項26に記載の測定方法。
- 前記溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置が、請求項1に記載された溶液カソードグロー放電(SCGD)装置を備えることを特徴とする、請求項26に記載の測定方法。
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