JP2018526192A - Scrシステム内で先頭になるように設計されたアンモニアスリップ触媒 - Google Patents
Scrシステム内で先頭になるように設計されたアンモニアスリップ触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018526192A JP2018526192A JP2017565206A JP2017565206A JP2018526192A JP 2018526192 A JP2018526192 A JP 2018526192A JP 2017565206 A JP2017565206 A JP 2017565206A JP 2017565206 A JP2017565206 A JP 2017565206A JP 2018526192 A JP2018526192 A JP 2018526192A
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- scr
- zone
- molecular sieve
- catalyst article
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 414
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 226
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004625 Ce—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical group [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 51
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 51
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 34
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102100038021 Steryl-sulfatase Human genes 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 copper amine Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100023185 Transcriptional repressor scratch 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710171414 Transcriptional repressor scratch 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012052 concurrent chemoradiation therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZKXWKVVCCTZOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound [Cu].CC(O)=CC(C)=O.CC(O)=CC(C)=O ZKXWKVVCCTZOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical group [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/76—Iron group metals or copper
- B01J29/763—CHA-type, e.g. Chabazite, LZ-218
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
Description
用語「か焼する」又は「か焼」とは、空気中又は酸素中で材料を加熱することを意味する。この定義は、IUPACのか焼の定義と一致するものである。この定義は、IUPACのか焼の定義と一致するものである。(IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 第2版(「Gold Book」). A. D. McNaught及びA. Wilkinsonによる編纂。Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). XMLオンライン改訂版: http://goldbook.iupac.org (2006-)、M. Nic, J. Jirat, B. Kosataにより作成; A. Jenkinsにより更新版が編纂される。ISBN 0-9678550-9-8. doi:10.1351/ goldbook.)金属塩を分解し、触媒内の金属イオンの交換を促進し、触媒を基材に接着させるために、か焼が行われる。か焼に用いられる温度は、か焼する材料中の成分によって決まり、通常、およそ1から8時間で約400℃から約900℃の間である。場合によっては、か焼は、約1200℃までの温度で実施することができる。本明細書に記載の方法を含む用途では、か焼は、通常約400℃から約700℃の温度でおよそ1から8時間、好ましくは約400℃から約650℃の温度でおよそ1から4時間実施される。
触媒物品は、1以上のSCR触媒を含むことができる。アンモニアスリップ触媒中に存在するSCR触媒は、第1のSCR触媒と呼ばれる。このSCR触媒は、二重層の一部としてASC中に、又は低アンモニア貯蔵を有する担体上のPtとのブレンド中に存在する。
アルミナ上のPGMを含むウオッシュコートを最初に基材上に配置して最下層を形成し、その後ウオッシュコートを乾燥させることにより、触媒物品をコージエライト基材(400cpsi)上に調製した。銅チャバザイト(Cu−CHA)(120g/ft3Cu)を含むウオッシュコートを適用し、その後最上層を乾燥させることにより、最上層を最下層の上に配置した。最上層が乾いた後、物品をか焼した。
実施例1に記載のとおりに調製された触媒の試料を、ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)及び触媒化スートフィルター(CSF)と共に排気システムに配置した。触媒は、SCR:ASC:DOC:CSFの順序で排気システムに配置した。排気システムをエンジンに接続し、尿素をSCR触媒の前の排気ストリームに注入した。燃料噴射器の出口はまた、SCRの前のシステム内に配置されていた。450℃で1時間エンジンを運転させることによりシステムを調整し、その後、エンジン速度を低下させて、エンジン温度を約300℃で安定させた。温度が安定した後、SCR触媒の前の排気システムに燃料を注入し、CSFの後ろの温度を約450℃に上昇させた。CSFの後ろの温度を約15分間維持した後、排気システムへの燃料添加を停止し、温度を約300℃に戻した。
上述のアンモニアスリップ触媒は、排気後処理システム内で先頭に配置される。従来のシステムでは、実施例2に示すように、SCR触媒がこの位置に配置される。あるいは、アンモニアスリップ触媒は、発熱がアンモニアスリップ触媒の上流で生じないような位置に配置される。
アンモニアスリップ触媒は、排気後処理システム内で先頭であるか、又は大量の炭化水素がアンモニアスリップ触媒に到達する位置に配置される。本発明は、代わりにSCR触媒が同じ位置に配置される従来のシステム設計と比較される。
アンモニアスリップ触媒は、尿素(又は他のNH3源)の注入点の後に配置される。従来のシステムでは、SCR触媒がこの位置に配置される。
上記の例の各々の場合、ASCは、白金族金属を含む最下層と第1のSCR触媒を含む最上層とを有する二重層触媒ではなく、PGMとSCR触媒との混合物である単層触媒である。
Claims (45)
- 入口端及び出口端を含む基材と、第1のゾーンと、第2のゾーンとを含む触媒物品であって、第1のゾーンが、白金族金属を含むアンモニアスリップ触媒(ASC)と、金属交換モレキュラーシーブ、バナジウム又は卑金属を含む第1のSCR触媒とを含み、第2のゾーンが、ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)、ディーゼル発熱触媒(DEC)、触媒化スートフィルター(CSF)、NOx吸収剤、選択的触媒還元/受動的NOx吸着剤(SCR/PNA)、コールド・スタート触媒(CSC)又は三元触媒(TWC)からなる群より選択される第2の触媒を含み、第1のゾーンが第2のゾーンに対して上流のガス流に配置されている、触媒物品。
- 第1のゾーン及び第2のゾーンが同じ基材上に配置され、かつ、第1のゾーンが基材の入口側に配置され、第2のゾーンが基材の出口側に配置されている、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2の基材をさらに含み、第1のゾーンが第1の基材上に配置され、第2のゾーンは第2の基材上に配置され、かつ、第1の基材が第2の基材の上流に配置されている、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。
- 第1の片部と第2の片部とを含み、第1のゾーンが第1の片部に配置され、第2のゾーンが第2の片部に配置され、かつ、第1の片部が第2の片部の上流に配置されている、請求項3に記載の触媒物品。
- アンモニアスリップ触媒が、白金族金属を含む最下層と、最下層の上に配置された第1のSCR触媒を含む最上層とを含む、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- アンモニアスリップ触媒が、低アンモニア貯蔵を有する担体上の白金族金属と第1のSCR触媒とのブレンドを含む、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- ブレンドがMnO2上にPd、Nb−Ce−Zr又はNbをさらに含む、請求項6に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のゾーンが酸化触媒と第2のSCR触媒とのブレンドを含む、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のSCR触媒をさらに含み、第2のSCR触媒がアンモニア酸化触媒と第2の触媒との間に配置されている、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のSCR触媒の一部がアンモニア酸化触媒と少なくとも部分的に重なっている、請求項9に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のSCR触媒が、第1のSCR触媒と担体、好ましくは低アンモニア貯蔵を有する担体上の白金とのブレンドを含む第1の層を完全に覆っている、請求項9に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のSCR触媒がアンモニアスリップ触媒と第2の触媒との間にある場合、第2のSCRが促進Ce−Zr又は促進MnO2を含む、請求項9に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のSCR触媒が卑金属、卑金属の酸化物、モレキュラーシーブ、金属交換モレキュラーシーブ又はこれらの混合物である、請求項8から12のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 卑金属が、バナジウム(V)、モリブデン(Mo)及びタングステン(W)、クロム(Cr)、セリウム(Ce)、マンガン(Mn)、鉄(Fe)、コバルト(Co)、ニッケル(Ni)、銅(Cu)及びジルコニウム(Zr)、並びにこれらの混合物からなる群より選択される、請求項13に記載の触媒物品。
- 少なくとも1の卑金属促進剤をさらに含む、請求項14に記載の触媒製品。
- モレキュラーシーブ又は金属交換モレキュラーシーブが小細孔、中細孔、大細孔又はこれらの混合物である、請求項13から15のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のSCR触媒が、アルミノシリケートモレキュラーシーブ、金属置換アルミノシリケートモレキュラーシーブ、アルミノホスフェート(AlPO)モレキュラーシーブ、金属置換アルミノホスフェート(MeAlPO)モレキュラーシーブ、シリコアルミノホスフェート(SAPO)モレキュラーシーブ及び金属置換シリコアルミノホスフェート(MeSAPSO)モレキュラーシーブ、並びにこれらの混合物からなる群より選択される小細孔モレキュラーシーブを含む、請求項13から16のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のSCR触媒が、ACO、AEI、AEN、AFN、AFT、AFX、ANA、APC、APD、ATT、CDO、CHA、DDR、DFT、EAB、EDI、EPI、ERI、GIS、GOO、IHW、ITE、ITW、LEV、KFI、MER、MON、NSI、OWE、PAU、PHI、RHO、RTH、SAT、SAV、SIV、THO、TSC、UEI、UFI、VNI、YUG及びZON、並びにこれらの混合物及び/又は連晶からなる骨格型の群より選択される小細孔モレキュラーシーブを含む、請求項13から17のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のSCR触媒が、AEI、AFX、CHA、DDR、ERI、ITE、KFI、LEV、及びSFWからなる骨格型の群より選択される小細孔モレキュラーシーブを含む、請求項13から18のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のSCR触媒が、AEL、AFO、AHT、BOF、BOZ、CGF、CGS、CHI、DAC、EUO、FER、HEU、IMF、ITH、ITR、JRY、JSR、JST、LAU、LOV、MEL、MFI、MFS、MRE、MTT、MVY、MWW、NAB、NAT、NES、OBW、PAR、PCR、PON、PUN、RRO、RSN、SFF、SFG、STF、STI、STT、STW、SVR、SZR、TER、TON、TUN、UOS、VSV、WEI及びWEN、並びにこれらの混合物及び/又は連晶からなる骨格型の群より選択される中細孔モレキュラーシーブを含む、請求項13から17のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 第2のSCR触媒が、AFI、AFR、AFS、AFY、ASV、ATO、ATS、BEA、BEC、BOG、BPH、BSV、CAN、CON、CZP、DFO、EMT、EON、EZT、FAU、GME、GON、IFR、ISV、ITG、IWR、IWS、IWV、IWW、JSR、LTF、LTL、MAZ、MEI、MOR、MOZ、MSE、MTW、NPO、OFF、OKO、OSI、RON、RWY、SAF、SAO、SBE、SBS、SBT、SEW、SFE、SFO、SFS、SFV、SOF、SOS、STO、SSF、SSY、USI、UWY及びVET、並びにこれらの混合物及び/又は連晶からなる骨格型の群より選択される大細孔モレキュラーシーブを含む、請求項13から17のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 白金族金属が、白金、パラジウム、又は白金とパラジウムとの組み合わせを含む、請求項1から21のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- パラジウムが1g/ft3〜20g/ft3の量で第1のゾーンに存在する、請求項1から22のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- PtとPdが10:1〜1:100、好ましくは5:1〜1:10の重量比で存在する、請求項1から23のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 第1のSCR触媒中の金属交換モレキュラーシーブがCu−SCR触媒又はFe−SCR触媒である、請求項1から24のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- Cu−SCR触媒が銅及びモレキュラーシーブを含み、Fe−SCR触媒が鉄及びモレキュラーシーブを含む、請求項25に記載の触媒物品。
- モレキュラーシーブがアルミノシリケート、アルミノホスフェート(AlPO)、シリコアルミノホスフェート(SAPO)又はこれらの混合物である、請求項26に記載の触媒物品。
- モレキュラーシーブが、ACO、AEI、AEN、AFN、AFT、AFX、ANA、APC、APD、ATT、CDO、CHA、DDR、DFT、EAB、EDI、EPI、ERI、GIS、GOO、IHW、ITE、ITW、LEV、KFI、MER、MON、NSI、OWE、PAU、PHI、RHO、RTH、SAT、SAV、SIV、THO、TSC、UEI、UFI、VNI、YUG及びZON、並びにこれらの混合物及び/又は連晶からなる骨格型の群より選択される、請求項26又は請求項27に記載の触媒物品。
- モレキュラーシーブが、AEI、AFX、CHA、DDR、ERI、ITE、KFI、LEV、及びSFWからなる骨格型の群より選択される、請求項28に記載の触媒物品。
- 白金族金属が担体、好ましくは低アンモニア貯蔵を有する担体上にある、請求項1から29のいずれか1項に記載の触媒物品。
- 低アンモニア貯蔵を有する担体が珪酸質担体である、請求項30に記載の触媒物品。
- 珪酸質担体が、(a)少なくとも100、(b)少なくとも200、(c)少なくとも250、(d)少なくとも300、(e)少なくとも400、(f)少なくとも500、(g)少なくとも750、及び(h)少なくとも1000のうちの少なくとも1つのシリカ対アルミナ比を有するシリカ又はゼオライトを含む、請求項31の触媒物品。
- 珪酸質担体がBEA、CDO、CON、FAU、MEL、MFI又はMWWを含む、請求項31又は32に記載の触媒物品。
- 担体、好ましくは低アンモニア貯蔵を有する担体上の白金の量に対する第1のSCR触媒の量の比が、これらの成分の重量に基づいて、(a)0:1〜300:1、(b)3:1〜300:1、(c)7:1〜100:1、及び(d)10:1〜50:1(比の各端点を含む)のうちの少なくとも1つの範囲内にある、請求項1から33のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 白金が、白金の担体の重量+白金の重量+ブレンド中の第1のSCR触媒の重量に対して、(a)0.01〜0.3%、(b)0.03〜0.2%、(c)0.05〜0.17%、及び(d)0.07〜0.15%のうちの少なくとも1つとして存在する、請求項1から34のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 基材がコーディエライト、高多孔性コーディエライト、金属基材、押出SCR、ウォールフロー型フィルター、フィルター又はSCRFである、請求項1から35のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- ただ1つのアンモニアスリップ触媒(ASC)を含み、(a)第2のゾーンがディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)を含まないか、又は(b)DOCがアンモニアスリップ触媒に隣接してその下流に配置されていないかのいずれかである、請求項1から36のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- ASC触媒を含む第3のゾーンをさらに含み、第3のゾーンが第1のゾーンと第2のゾーンの間に配置されている、請求項1から37のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 第1のゾーン内のPGMが発熱を生じさせるのに十分な量のパラジウムを含む、請求項38に記載の触媒物品。
- 請求項1から39のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品と、NH3を排気ガスに導入するか又はNH3を排気ガス中に生成するか又はNH3を排気ガスに導入するための手段とを備える排気システム。
- 触媒化スートフィルター(CSF)をさらに含む、請求項40に記載の排気システム。
- 触媒化スートフィルターが、前記フィルターの入口側に約5g/ft3〜約20g/ft3のPGM担持量を含む、請求項41に記載の排気システム。
- 請求項40又は41に記載の排気システム又は請求項1〜39のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品と、排気ガスにNH3を導入するか又は排気ガス中にNH3を生成するための手段とを備えるエンジン。
- 炭化水素を含む排気ガスを請求項1から39のいずれか一項に記載の触媒と接触させることを含む、触媒において発熱をもたらす方法。
- アンモニアを含む排気ガスを請求項1から39のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品と接触させることを含む、排気ガス中のNH3からのN2Oの生成を低減する方法。
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RU2018101713A (ru) | 2019-07-19 |
CN107847861A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
KR20180036697A (ko) | 2018-04-09 |
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