JP2018514258A - 外科器具を用いた患者の神経組織の全方向性双極刺激のためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
外科器具を用いた患者の神経組織の全方向性双極刺激のためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
[0001]本開示は、代理人整理番号5074X−000026−USである、本出願と同時に出願された「System and Method for Omni−directional Bipolar Stimulation of Nerve Tissue of a Patient via a Bipolar Stimulation Probe」という名称の米国特許出願と関連されている。この出願の全体の開示が、本明細書において参照により組み込まれている。
[0033]単極刺激プローブ、同心の刺激プローブ、並んだ双極刺激プローブ、および三極刺激プローブと関連付けられる欠点を克服するために、双極刺激プローブと、対応するシステムおよび方法とが、本明細書において開示されている。以下に開示されている双極刺激プローブの例は、リターンニードルおよび対応するワイヤの必要性を排除し、双極刺激プローブと関連付けられる刺激される神経の透過を提供し、優先的なカソード刺激に安定した筋肉応答を提供する。開示されている例は、双極刺激プローブの電極を適切に配向する必要性を排除する一方、従来の双極刺激プローブの設計と関連付けられる偽陰性を防止する。開示されている例は、同心のプローブ設計より深い組織透過をもたらすが、従来の三極プローブ先端の設計よりおおよそ30%小さいプローブ先端の設計を提供する。例は、手持ち式の、電池を動力源とする、および/または、ワイヤのない双極刺激プローブを含んでいる。例は、ワイヤの短縮および/または排除と、不適切な神経の刺激と関連付けられる不適切な応答の防止とにより、手術室における乱雑性および/または時間の非効率性を最小限にする。以下で開示されている刺激は、神経を刺激することと関連付けられる電力消費も最小限にする。
Claims (26)
- 外科器具であって、
第1の複数の接続要素と、
神経に近接する患者の組織に接触するように構成される複数の接触要素と、
前記複数の接続要素から前記複数の接触要素へと延びる複数の伝導要素であって、前記複数の伝導要素は絶縁外側層をそれぞれ有し、前記絶縁外側層は前記複数の伝導要素を互いから絶縁する、複数の伝導要素と
を備え、
前記第1の複数の接続要素は、モジュール式刺激モジュールにおける第2の複数の接続要素に接続し、前記第2の複数の接続要素から複数の単相刺激パルスを受信するように構成され、前記モジュール式刺激モジュールは、前記第2の複数の接続要素を介して、前記器具と複数の他の器具とに接続するように構成され、
前記複数の伝導要素は、前記複数の単相刺激パルスを前記複数の接続要素から前記複数の接触要素へと送信するように構成される、外科器具。 - 請求項1に記載の外科器具において、
前記第1の複数の接続要素は第1の接続要素と第2の接続要素とを備え、
前記複数の接触要素は第1の接触要素と第2の接触要素とを備え、
前記複数の伝導要素の第1の部分が前記第1の接続要素から前記第1の接触要素へと延び、
複数の伝導要素の第2の部分が前記第2の接続要素から前記第2の接触要素へと延びる、外科器具。 - 請求項1または2に記載の外科器具において、
前記第1の複数の接続要素は2つだけの接続要素を備え、
前記複数の接触要素は2つだけの接触要素を備える、外科器具。 - 請求項1または2に記載の外科器具において、前記器具は鉗子である、外科器具。
- 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の外科器具において、前記絶縁外側層はダイヤモンド状炭素(DLC)被覆材料を含む、外科器具。
- 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の外科器具において、前記絶縁外側層は、ポリイミドバイオプラスチック材料、ホウ素ガラス、ポリマ材料、またはポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含む、外科器具。
- 請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の外科器具において、前記絶縁外側層は、前記複数の接続要素の領域および前記複数の接触要素の領域を除いて、前記複数の伝導要素を被覆する、外科器具。
- 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の外科器具において、
前記複数の接触要素は、前記複数の伝導要素の露出された部分であり、
前記露出された部分は前記絶縁外側層によって被覆されない、外科器具。 - 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の外科器具において、前記複数の接触要素は先端パッチまたは螺旋トレースを含む、外科器具。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の外科器具において、前記複数の接触要素は前記複数の伝導要素の先端の反対の外側にあり、互いを向いていない、外科器具。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の外科器具において、
前記複数の接触要素は複数の伝導トレースを備え、
前記複数の伝導トレースは、前記複数の伝導要素の先端の内側の周りで延び、互いから絶縁される、外科器具。 - 請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の器具と、
前記複数の単相刺激パルスを生成するように構成される前記モジュール式刺激モジュールと
を備える機器。 - 請求項12に記載の機器であって、前記モジュール式刺激モジュールは、
前記第1の複数の接続要素に接続するように構成される前記第2の複数の接続要素と、
前記複数の単相刺激パルスを生成するように構成される双極刺激モジュールと
を備える、機器。 - 請求項13に記載の機器と、
第1の要求信号を生成するように構成される神経完全性監視装置と
を備え、
前記双極刺激モジュールは、前記第1の要求信号に基づいて、前記複数の単相刺激パルスを生成するように構成される、システム。 - 外科器具における第2の複数の接続要素に接続するように構成される第1の複数の接続要素であって、第1の接続要素および第2の接続要素を備える第1の複数の接続要素と、
(i)制御信号を生成し、(ii)第1のパルスおよび第2のパルスを生成することで患者の神経組織を刺激するように構成される制御モジュールであって、前記第2のパルスは前記第1のパルスの後に生成される、制御モジュールと、
前記第1のパルスおよび前記第2のパルスに基づいて、複数の単相刺激パルスを生成するように構成される双極刺激モジュールであって、前記双極刺激モジュールは、前記複数の単相刺激パルスを、前記器具における複数の接触要素に、前記第1の複数の接続要素および前記第2の複数の接続要素を介して出力するように構成され、前記複数の単相刺激パルスは第3のパルスおよび第4のパルスを含む、双極刺激モジュールと、
前記制御信号および前記複数の単相刺激パルスに基づいて、(i)前記第1の接続要素において前記第3のパルスを出力し、(ii)前記第2の接続要素において前記第4のパルスを出力するように構成される切替モジュールと
を備えるモジュール式刺激モジュール。 - 請求項15に記載のモジュール式刺激モジュールにおいて、
前記第3のパルスは前記第1のパルスのバージョンであり、
前記第4のパルスは前記第2のパルスのバージョンである、モジュール式刺激モジュール。 - 請求項15または16に記載のモジュール式刺激モジュールにおいて、
前記切替モジュールは複数のスイッチを備え、
前記複数のスイッチは、前記双極刺激モジュールから、(i)前記第3のパルスと、(ii)前記第4のパルスとを出力するように構成される、モジュール式刺激モジュール。 - 請求項17に記載のモジュール式刺激モジュールにおいて、
前記複数のスイッチは第1のスイッチと第2のスイッチとを備え、
前記制御モジュールは、前記制御信号を介して、(i)前記モジュール式刺激モジュールの動作モードを変えるように、および、(ii)前記複数のスイッチの状態を制御するように構成され、
第1のモードの間、(i)前記第1のスイッチは第1の状態にあり、前記第3のパルスを前記第1の接続要素に提供し、(ii)前記第2のスイッチは第1の状態にあり、前記第3のパルスの結果として、前記患者からのリターン電流を受信し、
第2のモードの間、(i)前記第2のスイッチは第2の状態にあり、前記第4のパルスを前記第2の接続要素に提供し、(ii)前記第1のスイッチは第2の状態にあり、前記第4のパルスの結果として、前記患者からのリターン電流を受信する、モジュール式刺激モジュール。 - 請求項15から18のいずれか一項に記載のモジュール式刺激モジュールにおいて、
前記制御モジュールは、前記神経組織の不応性の時間の期間を構成するために、前記第1のパルスの生成と前記第2のパルスの生成との間に所定の期間で待機するように構成される、モジュール式刺激モジュール。 - 請求項15から19のいずれか一項に記載のモジュール式刺激モジュールにおいて、
前記第1のパルスに基づいて第1の入力を受信し、
前記第3のパルスを生成するために前記第1の入力を増幅し、
前記第2のパルスに基づいて第2の入力を受信し、
前記第4のパルスを生成するために前記第2の入力を増幅する
ように構成される増幅モジュールをさらに備える、モジュール式刺激モジュール。 - 請求項15から20のいずれか一項に記載のモジュール式刺激モジュールにおいて、
前記第1のパルスに基づいて第1の入力を受信し、
第1の濾過された出力を生成するために前記第1の入力を濾過し、
前記第2のパルスに基づいて第2の入力を受信し、
第2の濾過された出力を生成するために前記第2の入力を濾過する
ように構成されるフィルタをさらに備え、
前記複数のスイッチは、(i)前記第1の濾過された出力に基づいて前記第3のパルスを前記第1の接続要素へと提供する、および、(ii)前記第2の濾過された出力に基づいて前記第4のパルスを前記第2の接続要素へと提供するように構成される、モジュール式刺激モジュール。 - 請求項15から21のいずれか一項に記載のモジュール式刺激モジュールにおいて、
(i)前記第3のパルスの出力の間に前記第1の接続要素および前記第2の接続要素にわたる第1の電圧を検出する、(ii)前記第4のパルスの生成の間に前記第1の接続要素および前記第2の接続要素にわたる第2の電圧を検出する、および、(iii)前記第1の電圧または前記第2の電圧に基づいてフィードバック信号を生成するように構成されるフィードバックモジュールをさらに備え、
前記制御モジュールは、前記第1の電圧または前記第2の電圧に基づいて第5のパルスを生成するように構成される、モジュール式刺激モジュール。 - 請求項22に記載のモジュール式刺激モジュールにおいて、
前記フィードバックモジュールは相互コンダクタンス増幅器を備え、
前記相互コンダクタンス増幅器は、(i)前記第1の電圧を第1の電流へと変換する、および、(ii)前記第2の電圧を第2の電流へと変換するように構成され、
前記制御モジュールは、前記第1の電流または前記第2の電流に基づいて前記第5のパルスを生成するように構成される、モジュール式刺激モジュール。 - 請求項15から23のいずれか一項に記載のモジュール式刺激モジュールと、
前記外科器具と
を備える機器。 - 請求項24に記載の機器と、
第1の要求信号を生成するように構成される神経完全性監視装置と
を備え、
前記制御モジュールは、前記第1の要求信号に基づいて、前記第1のパルスまたは前記第2のパルスを生成するように構成される、システム。 - 請求項25に記載のシステムにおいて、
前記モジュール式刺激モジュールは、
(i)前記第1の接続要素および前記第2の接続要素にわたる電圧を監視する、および、(ii)前記電圧に基づいてフィードバック信号を生成するように構成されるフィードバックモジュールと、
前記神経完全性監視装置と無線で通信するように構成される物理層モジュールと
を備え、
前記制御モジュールは、(i)前記フィードバック信号のパラメータを決定する、および、(ii)前記パラメータを、前記物理層モジュールを介して前記神経完全性監視装置へと無線で送信するように構成され、
前記神経完全性監視装置は、(i)前記パラメータに基づいて第2の要求信号を生成する、および、(ii)前記第2の要求信号を前記物理層モジュールへと戻すように無線で送信するように構成され、
前記制御モジュールは、前記第2の要求信号に基づいて第5のパルスを生成するように構成される、システム。
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US10039915B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 |
WO2016160477A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
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CA2981635A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
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EP3277366A1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
US11980752B2 (en) | 2024-05-14 |
KR102092583B1 (ko) | 2020-03-24 |
US20180345004A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
KR20200033979A (ko) | 2020-03-30 |
AU2016244152A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
US20210322760A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
US20160287861A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
CN107666939B (zh) | 2021-06-29 |
JP2020192349A (ja) | 2020-12-03 |
CA3099052A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
US10987506B2 (en) | 2021-04-27 |
KR102251092B1 (ko) | 2021-05-12 |
CN107666939A (zh) | 2018-02-06 |
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