JP2018502987A - 表面品質の優れた高強度亜鉛メッキ鋼板用熱延鋼板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
表面品質の優れた高強度亜鉛メッキ鋼板用熱延鋼板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018502987A JP2018502987A JP2017530055A JP2017530055A JP2018502987A JP 2018502987 A JP2018502987 A JP 2018502987A JP 2017530055 A JP2017530055 A JP 2017530055A JP 2017530055 A JP2017530055 A JP 2017530055A JP 2018502987 A JP2018502987 A JP 2018502987A
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- steel sheet
- rolled steel
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
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- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 10
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
Description
炭素は、鋼の強化において一番効果的な元素であるが、多量添加される場合には熔接性及び低温靱性を低下させる元素である。炭素の含量が過度に少ない場合、本発明で意図する目標強度を具現しにくい。一方、炭素の含量が過度に多い場合、成形性、熔接性、衝撃特性及び低温靱性が劣化し得る。したがって、炭素の含量は、0.05〜0.15重量%、好ましくは、0.08〜0.14重量%、より好ましくは、0.11〜0.13重量%であり得る。
シリコンは、脱酸剤として使用され、2次スケールの密着性を向上させ、鋼の高強度化に有効な元素である。Siの添加量が増加するに従って高温の粗圧延温度でも表面欠陥が顕著に減り、特に、Siが0.05重量%以上含まれる場合表面欠陥がほとんど発生しないこともある。しかし、シリコンの含量が多すぎる場合、赤スケールがひどく発生して表面品質がむしろ低下し得る。したがって、シリコンの含量は、0.03〜0.10重量%、好ましくは、0.04〜0.08重量%、より好ましくは、0.05〜0.07重量%であり得る。
マンガンは、鋼の固溶強化に効果的な元素である。マンガンの含量が過度に少ない場合、鋼板強度が低下し、粗大なMnSが形成されて鋼材が非常に脆弱になり得る。しかし、マンガンの含量が多すぎる場合、合金原価が増加し、熔接性が低下し、延伸率などの物性は低いながら鋼板強度が過度に高くなり得る。したがって、マンガンの含量は、0.7〜1.39重量%、好ましくは、0.9〜1.3重量%、より好ましくは、1.1〜1.3重量%であり得る。
リンは、セメンタイトの形成を抑制して強度向上に有利な成分である。リンの含量が過度に少ない場合、鋼板強度が低下し得る。反対に、リンの含量が多すぎる場合、鋼板の中心部に偏析して衝撃靱性を低下させ得る。したがって、リンの含量は、0.001〜0.05重量%、好ましくは、0.003〜0.04重量%、より好ましくは、0.005〜0.02重量%であり得る。
硫黄は、不可避に含有される不純物元素として、多量に含有される場合、Mnなどと結合して非金属介在物を形成することで鋼の衝撃靱性を大きく損傷させるから、その含量を最大限抑制することが好ましい。理論上硫黄の含量は、0%に制限することが有利であるが、製造工程上必然的に含有されるほかない。したがって、上限を管理することが重要であり、具体的に硫黄の含量は、0.001〜0.03重量%、好ましくは、0.001〜0.02重量%、より好ましくは、0.001〜0.01重量%であり得る。
アルミニウムは、製鋼時にSiとともに脱酸剤として添加され、固溶強化効果がある。アルミニウムの含量が過度に少ない場合、添加効果を得ることができず、反対に、アルミニウムの含量が多すぎる場合、連続鋳造時にノズル詰まりを誘発し得る。したがって、アルミニウムの含量は、0.002〜0.035重量%、好ましくは、0.005〜0.03重量%、より好ましくは、0.01〜0.03重量%であり得る。
本発明では、Mn及びSi各々の含量も重要であるが、Mn及びSiの比、すなわち、Mn/Siの重量比も重要である。Mn/Siの重量比が過度に小さい場合、表面品質が低下するか強度などの物性が低下し得る。反対に、Mn/Siの重量比が過度に大きい場合、熔接性などの物性が低下するか、延伸率などの物性は低いながら鋼板強度が過度に高くなり得る。したがって、Mn/Siの重量比は、15〜25、好ましくは、17〜23、より好ましくは、19〜21であり得る。
本発明では、C及びSi各々の含量も重要であるが、C及びSiの割合、すなわち、C/Siの重量比も重要である。C/Siの重量比が過度に小さい場合、表面品質が低下するか強度などの物性が低下し得る。反対に、C/Siの重量比か過度に大きい場合、表面品質などの物性が低下されるか延伸率が落ち得る。したがって、C/Siの重量比は、1〜5、好ましくは、1〜4、より好ましくは、1.5〜3であり得る。
Si成分とP成分はいずれもスケールとスチール界面に濃化しやすく、添加量の増加によって濃化量が増加する。しかし、Si量の増加によって、緻密なスケールが形成されて表面欠陥が減少し得る。前記SiとPを前記範囲で複合添加する場合、表面から50μm以内にFeO、Fe2SiO4、Fe3(PO)4の三元共晶化合物が形成されて融点低下でスケール剥離力が増加し、これによって、表面品質が改善され得る。鋼板の表面特性の改善のためのSi/Pの重量割合は、3〜10、好ましくは、3〜8、より好ましくは、5〜7であり得る。
上述した成分元素に加えて、鋼板の機械的な物性などを改善するため、必要な場合選択的に、本発明の熱延鋼板は、重量%で、N:0.01%以下(0除外)、Ti:0.02%以下(0除外)、Cu:0.05%以下(0除外)、Ni:0.08%以下(0除外)、Cr:0.10%以下(0除外)、V:0.01%以下(0除外)及びMo:0.03%以下(0除外)からなる群から選択された1種または2種以上を含み得る。
本発明の熱延鋼板は、面積分率で、10〜40%のベイナイト、20〜30%のパーライト及び40〜60%のフェライトからなる微細組織を有する。前記ベイナイトの含量が多すぎる場合には、強度は向上するが、フェライトの含量が少なくて延伸率が低下し、その含量が過度に少ない場合には、フェライト含量が多すぎて強度が弱くなるので、前記ベイナイトの含量は、面積分率で、10〜40%に限定する。好ましくは、20〜40%であり得る。
本発明による熱延鋼板の両側表面(前面+背面)に形成された点状の砂型スケールの数は、平均0.1個/m3以下、好ましくは、0.08個/m3以下、より好ましくは、0.06個/m3以下であり得る。長さ1km及び幅1066mmサイズの面積を基準とすれば、平均100個以下、好ましくは、80個以下、より好ましくは、60個以下であり得る。スケールの個数は、SDD(Surface Defect Detector)を利用して測定し得る。スケールは、主に砂型スケールであり得る。砂型スケールは、表面欠陥として熱延工程で発生し、比較的丸い点模様で板に砂をまいたように発生し、比較的浅い深さで幅全面に散発的に発生し、黒茶色を示す。砂型スケールが存在すれば、メッキと塗装不良が発生し、加工時に表面クラックに進展して表面不良が発生し得る。本発明では、鋼板成分の含量制御などを通じて熱延鋼板の表面スケール欠陥を著しく減少させ得る。
本発明による熱延鋼板は、490MPa以上の引張強度、366MPa以上の降伏強度及び16%以上の延伸率を有し得る。例えば、前記熱延鋼板は、490〜650MPaの引張強度、366〜600MPaの降伏強度及び16〜30%の延伸率を有し得る。
本発明による熱延鋼板は、亜鉛メッキ層を含み得る。前記のように亜鉛メッキ層を含む熱延鋼板は、例えば、HGIなどのような亜鉛メッキ鋼板であり得る。
本発明による熱延鋼板の厚さは、1.0〜5mm、好ましくは、1.0〜1.6mmであり得る。本発明による鋼板の幅は、500〜2000mm、コイルの重さは、5〜40tonであり得る。
下記表1の組成を有するスラブを、スラブ加熱温度1170℃、粗圧延温度1040℃、仕上げ圧延温度860℃、平均変形抵抗約400MPaの条件で熱間圧延し、560℃の条件で巻取して熱延鋼板を製造した。
表面品質は、SDD及びFGS(Ferrite Grain Size)を利用して測定した。評価基準は次の通りである。
◎:SDDのスケールの個数0.06個/m3以下
○:SDDのスケールの個数0.07個/m3以下
△:SDDのスケールの個数0.07個/m3超過
形状は、肉眼確認を通じて評価した。評価基準は次の通りである。
◎:波高2mm以内
○:波高2〜7mm以内
△:波高9mm以上
通板性は、ねじれ発生有無を肉眼で判断して評価した。評価基準は次の通りである。
◎:ねじれ未発生
△:ねじれ発生
メッキ性は、表面等級を通じて評価した。評価基準は次の通りである。
○:表面等級4等級以内
△:表面等級5等級以上
EBSD(Electro Back Scatter Deflector)を利用して微細組織の面積分率を測定した。
XRDなどを利用して三元共晶有無を確認した。
○:形成
×:未形成
Claims (9)
- 重量%で、C:0.05〜0.15%、Si:0.03〜0.10%、Mn:0.7〜1.39%、P:0.001〜0.05%、S:0.001〜0.03%、Al:0.002〜0.035%、残部Fe及びその他不可避な不純物を含み、Mn/Siの重量比が15〜25であり、C/Siの重量比が1〜5であり、Si/Pの重量比が3〜10であり、
微細組織が面積分率で10〜40%のベイナイト、20〜30%のパーライト及び40〜60%のフェライトからなり、
表面から50μm以内にFeO、Fe2SiO4、Fe3(PO)4の三元共晶(ternary eutectic)化合物が形成されていることを特徴とする、表面品質の優れた高強度熱延鋼板。 - 前記鋼板は、重量%で、N:0.01%以下(0除外)、Ti:0.02%以下(0除外)、Cu:0.05%以下(0除外)、Ni:0.08%以下(0除外)、Cr:0.10%以下(0除外)、V:0.01%以下(0除外)、及びMo:0.03%以下(0除外)からなる群から選択された1種または2種以上をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の表面品質の優れた高強度熱延鋼板。
- 前記熱延鋼板の両側表面に形成された点状の砂型スケールの数が、平均0.1個/m3以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の表面品質の優れた高強度熱延鋼板。
- 前記鋼板は、亜鉛メッキ層を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の表面品質の優れた高強度熱延鋼板。
- 前記鋼板は、490〜650MPaの引張強度、366〜600MPaの降伏強度、及び16〜30%の延伸率を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の表面品質の優れた高強度熱延鋼板。
- 重量%で、C:0.05〜0.15%、Si:0.03〜0.10%、Mn:0.7〜1.39%、P:0.001〜0.05%、S:0.001〜0.03%、Al:0.002〜0.035%、残部Fe及びその他不可避な不純物を含み、Mn/Siの重量比が15〜25であり、C/Siの重量比が1〜5であり、Si/Pの重量比が3〜10であるスラブを1000〜1250℃で加熱する段階;
加熱されたスラブを990〜1090℃で粗圧延してバーを得る段階;
前記バーを810〜910℃の仕上げ圧延温度で仕上げ圧延して熱延鋼板を得る段階;及び
前記熱延鋼板を510〜610℃の巻取温度で巻取する段階
を含むことを特徴とする、表面品質の優れた高強度熱延鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記スラブは、重量%で、N:0.01%以下(0除外)、Ti:0.02%以下(0除外)、Cu:0.05%以下(0除外)、Ni:0.08%以下(0除外)、Cr:0.10%以下(0除外)、V:0.01%以下(0除外)、及びMo:0.03%以下(0除外)からなる群から選択された1種または2種以上をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の表面品質の優れた高強度熱延鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記巻取温度は、550〜570℃であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の表面品質の優れた高強度熱延鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記巻取段階後に亜鉛メッキ層を形成する段階をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の表面品質の優れた高強度熱延鋼板の製造方法。
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