JP2018193411A - Method of producing fumarate ester homopolymer - Google Patents

Method of producing fumarate ester homopolymer Download PDF

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JP2018193411A
JP2018193411A JP2017095372A JP2017095372A JP2018193411A JP 2018193411 A JP2018193411 A JP 2018193411A JP 2017095372 A JP2017095372 A JP 2017095372A JP 2017095372 A JP2017095372 A JP 2017095372A JP 2018193411 A JP2018193411 A JP 2018193411A
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fumarate
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俊一 檜森
Shunichi Himori
俊一 檜森
山田 暁彦
Akihiko Yamada
暁彦 山田
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Kawasaki Kasei Chemicals Ltd
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Abstract

To provide a fumarate ester homopolymer by homopolymerization of a fumarate ester compound by irradiation with light.SOLUTION: In a method of producing a fumarate ester homopolymer, a photopolymerizable composition containing at least a fumarate ester compound represented by a general formula (1) and a photoinitiator is irradiated with an energy ray having a wavelength range from 365 nm to 405 nm to cause photopolymerization. (In the general formula (1), Rand Reach represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-20 alkyl group, provided that Rand Rare not simultaneously hydrogen atoms.)SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、光重合によりフマル酸エステルホモポリマーを製造する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing a fumarate ester homopolymer by photopolymerization.

紫外線等のエネルギー線を照射することにより重合する光重合性組成物が広くさまざまな用途で使用されている。この光重合性組成物としては、ラジカル重合型とカチオン重合型とがある。ラジカル重合型としては、(メタ)アクリロイル基を有する化合物、不飽和ポリエステル系化合物等の不飽和二重結合を有する化合物が知られており、カチオン重合型としては、エポキシ基を有する化合物、ビニルエーテル基を有する化合物等が知られている。一般に、ラジカル重合型は、重合速度が速く、生成する塗膜硬度が高いという特徴を持つが、基材との密着性が弱いという欠点がある。また、酸素の影響を受けやすく、特に薄膜の生成においては窒素封入などの設備が必要となる。また、(メタ)アクリロイル基を有する化合物は、粘度が高いため、取扱い上、難がある。 Photopolymerizable compositions that polymerize by irradiating energy rays such as ultraviolet rays are widely used in various applications. The photopolymerizable composition includes a radical polymerization type and a cationic polymerization type. As a radical polymerization type, a compound having an unsaturated double bond such as a compound having a (meth) acryloyl group or an unsaturated polyester compound is known, and as a cationic polymerization type, a compound having an epoxy group, a vinyl ether group, or the like. There are known compounds and the like. In general, the radical polymerization type has characteristics that the polymerization rate is high and the hardness of the coating film to be formed is high, but there are drawbacks in that the adhesion to the substrate is weak. In addition, it is easily affected by oxygen, and particularly in forming a thin film, a facility such as nitrogen sealing is required. Moreover, since the compound which has a (meth) acryloyl group has high viscosity, there exists a difficulty on handling.

一方、フマル酸ジアルキルエステル化合物は、(メタ)アクリロイル基を有する化合物同様、ラジカル重合することが知られており、高いガラス転移温度を有し、耐熱性に優れ、無色透明であることから、種々のフマル酸ジアルキルエステルポリマーが合成されている(特許文献1)。しかしながら、フマル酸ジアルキルエステル化合物は単独重合しづらく、他の重合性化合物と共重合させる方法が一般的である。また、フマル酸ジアルキルエステル化合物を単独重合させる方法も近年開発されつつある(特許文献2、3、4)。しかしながら、特許文献1には、光重合によるフマル酸ジアルキルエステルポリマーの製造例が記載されているが、フマル酸ジアルキルエステルポリマーを単独重合させた例は記載されていない。また、特許文献2、3には、フマル酸ジアルキルエステル化合物を単独重合させた例が記載されているが、これは熱重合による方法であり、光重合による方法については何ら記載されていない。さらに、特許文献4には、光重合によりフマル酸ジエステルを単独重合させた例が記載されているが、フマル酸ジエステルのエステル部位は極めて複雑な構造をしており、構造が単純なアルキル鎖をエステル部位にもつフマル酸アルキルエステル化合物の光重合による単独重合については何ら記載されていない。一般に、フマル酸ジエステルはエステル部位に立体障害の大きい置換基を導入することにより、ラジカル重合を容易に行わせることができるが、立体障害が小さく、構造が単純なアルキル鎖をエステル部位にもつフマル酸アルキルエステル化合物の光重合は困難であることが知られている。 On the other hand, a fumaric acid dialkyl ester compound is known to undergo radical polymerization like a compound having a (meth) acryloyl group, has a high glass transition temperature, is excellent in heat resistance, and is colorless and transparent. A dialkyl ester polymer of fumaric acid is synthesized (Patent Document 1). However, it is difficult to homopolymerize a dialkyl ester compound of fumaric acid, and a method of copolymerizing with another polymerizable compound is common. In addition, a method for homopolymerizing a dialkyl ester compound of fumaric acid has recently been developed (Patent Documents 2, 3, and 4). However, Patent Document 1 describes a production example of a fumaric acid dialkyl ester polymer by photopolymerization, but does not describe an example of homopolymerizing a fumaric acid dialkyl ester polymer. Further, Patent Documents 2 and 3 describe examples in which a dialkyl ester compound of fumaric acid is homopolymerized, but this is a method by thermal polymerization, and there is no description about a method by photopolymerization. Furthermore, Patent Document 4 describes an example in which a fumaric acid diester is homopolymerized by photopolymerization, but the ester portion of the fumaric acid diester has an extremely complicated structure, and an alkyl chain having a simple structure is formed. There is no description of homopolymerization by photopolymerization of a fumaric acid alkyl ester compound having an ester moiety. In general, fumaric acid diesters can easily carry out radical polymerization by introducing a substituent having a large steric hindrance into the ester site. However, a fumaric acid diester having a small steric hindrance and a simple alkyl chain at the ester site. Photopolymerization of acid alkyl ester compounds is known to be difficult.

一方、近年、UV−LEDの開発が目覚ましく、365nmUV−LED、385nmUV−LED、395nmUV−LED、405nmUV−LED等様々な波長範囲のUV−LEDが市場に出てきており、熱重合よりも効率よくポリマーを得る方法として注目を集めている。 On the other hand, the development of UV-LEDs has been remarkable in recent years, and UV-LEDs in various wavelength ranges such as 365 nm UV-LEDs, 385 nm UV-LEDs, 395 nm UV-LEDs, 405 nm UV-LEDs have been put on the market, and are more efficient than thermal polymerization. It has attracted attention as a method for obtaining polymers.

特開2000−143741号公報JP 2000-143741 A 特開2009−108194号公報JP 2009-108194 A 特開2011−021102号公報JP 2011-021102 A 特開2003−231666号公報JP 2003-231666 A

本発明の目的は、光重合により、構造が単純なアルキル鎖をエステル部位にもつフマル酸エステル化合物を単独重合させることにより、フマル酸エステルホモポリマーを製造する方法を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a fumarate ester homopolymer by homopolymerizing a fumarate ester compound having an alkyl chain having a simple structure at an ester site by photopolymerization.

本発明者は、フマル酸エステル化合物の構造と光重合特定について鋭意検討した結果、エステル部位の構造が単純なアルキル鎖をもつフマル酸エステル化合物でも、特定の波長範囲の光源を用いて光重合することにより、容易にフマル酸エステルホモポリマーを得ることができることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。 As a result of intensive studies on the structure and photopolymerization specification of the fumaric acid ester compound, the present inventor photopolymerizes the fumaric acid ester compound having a simple alkyl chain in the ester site structure using a light source in a specific wavelength range. Thus, it was found that a fumaric acid ester homopolymer can be easily obtained, and the present invention has been completed.

すなわち、本発明の第一の要旨は、少なくとも一般式(1)で表されるフマル酸エステル化合物と、光重合開始剤を含有する光重合性組成物を、光源として波長範囲が365nmから405nmの光を照射することにより、光重合することを特徴とするフマル酸エステルホモポリマーの製造方法に存する。 That is, the first gist of the present invention is that a photopolymerizable composition containing at least a fumaric acid ester compound represented by the general formula (1) and a photopolymerization initiator is used as a light source with a wavelength range of 365 nm to 405 nm. It exists in the manufacturing method of the fumarate ester homopolymer characterized by photopolymerizing by irradiating light.

Figure 2018193411
Figure 2018193411

(上記一般式(1)において、R、Rは、水素原子又は炭素数1から20のアルキル基のいずれかを表す。ただし、R及びRが共に水素原子となることはない。) (In the general formula (1), R 1 and R 2 represent either a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. However, R 1 and R 2 are not both hydrogen atoms. )

本発明の第二の要旨は、エネルギー線を照射する光源がUV−LEDである第一の要旨に記載のフマル酸エステルホモポリマーの製造方法に存する。 The second gist of the present invention resides in the method for producing a fumaric acid ester homopolymer according to the first gist, wherein the light source for irradiating energy rays is a UV-LED.

本発明の第三の要旨は、UV−LEDが385nmUV−LED、395nmUV−LED又は405nmUV−LEDのいずれかである第二の要旨に記載のフマル酸エステルホモポリマーの製造方法に存する。 The third aspect of the present invention resides in the method for producing a fumarate ester homopolymer according to the second aspect, wherein the UV-LED is any one of 385 nm UV-LED, 395 nm UV-LED and 405 nm UV-LED.

本発明では、波長範囲が365nmから405nmの光を照射することにより、エステル部位の構造が単純なアルキル鎖をもつフマル酸エステル化合物を単独重合させることができ、効率的にフマル酸エステルホモポリマーを得る事ができる。 In the present invention, by irradiating light having a wavelength range of 365 nm to 405 nm, a fumarate ester compound having an alkyl chain with a simple ester site structure can be homopolymerized. I can get it.

以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

(光重合性組成物)
本発明は、少なくとも一般式(1)で表されるフマル酸エステル化合物と、光重合開始剤を含有する光重合性組成物を用いる。
(Photopolymerizable composition)
The present invention uses a photopolymerizable composition containing at least a fumaric acid ester compound represented by the general formula (1) and a photopolymerization initiator.

Figure 2018193411
Figure 2018193411

(上記一般式(1)において、R、Rは、水素原子又は炭素数1から20のアルキル基のいずれかを表す。ただし、R及びRが共に水素原子となることはない。) (In the general formula (1), R 1 and R 2 represent either a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. However, R 1 and R 2 are not both hydrogen atoms. )

及びRで表される炭素数1から20のアルキル基としてはメチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、i−プロピル基、n−ブチル基、i−ブチル基、t−ブチル基、n−アミル基、i−アミル基、n−ヘキシル基、n−ヘプチル基、n−オクチル基、2−エチルヘキシル基、n−ノニル基、n−デシル基、n−ウンデシル基、n−ドデシル基、n−トリデシル基、n−テトラデシル基、n−ペンタデシル基、n−ヘキサデシル基、n−ヘプタデシル基、n−オクタデシル基、n−ノナデシル基、n−イコシル基、シクロヘキシル基等の直鎖状、分枝鎖状又は環状のアルキル基を挙げることができる。これらの中でも、フマル酸エステルホモポリマーの耐熱性の観点から、i−プロピル基、t−ブチル基等が好ましく、特にi−プロピル基が好ましい。 Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R 1 and R 2 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, i-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-amyl group, i-amyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tridecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group, n-octadecyl group, n-nonadecyl group, n-icosyl group, cyclohexyl group and the like, branched A linear or cyclic alkyl group can be mentioned. Among these, from the viewpoint of heat resistance of the fumaric acid ester homopolymer, i-propyl group, t-butyl group and the like are preferable, and i-propyl group is particularly preferable.

そして、具体的な一般式(1)で表されるフマル酸エステル化合物としては、例えば、フマル酸モノメチル、フマル酸モノエチル、フマル酸モノ−n−プロピル、フマル酸ジモノ−i−プロピル、フマル酸モノ−n−ブチル、フマル酸モノ−i−ブチル、フマル酸モノ−t−ブチル、フマル酸モノ−n−アミル、フマル酸モノ−i−アミル、フマル酸モノ−n−ヘキシル、フマル酸モノ−n−ヘプチル、フマル酸モノ−n−オクチル、フマル酸モノ−2−エチルヘキシル、フマル酸モノ−n−ノニル、フマル酸モノ−n−デシル、フマル酸モノ−n−ウンデシル、フマル酸モノ−n−ドデシル、フマル酸モノ−n−トリデシル、フマル酸モノ−n−テトラデシル、フマル酸モノ−n−ペンタデシル、フマル酸モノ−n−ヘキサデシル、フマル酸モノ−n−ヘプタデシル、フマル酸モノ−n−オクタデシル、フマル酸モノ−n−ノナデシル、フマル酸モノ−n−イコシル、フマル酸モノシクロヘキシル等のフマル酸モノエステル化合物が挙げられる。また、フマル酸ジメチル、フマル酸ジエチル、フマル酸ジ−n−プロピル、フマル酸ジ−i−プロピル、フマル酸ジ−n−ブチル、フマル酸ジ−i−ブチル、フマル酸ジ−t−ブチル、フマル酸ジ−n−アミル、フマル酸ジ−i−アミル、フマル酸ジ−n−ヘキシル、フマル酸ジ−n−ヘプチル、フマル酸ジ−n−オクチル、フマル酸ビス(2−エチルヘキシル)、フマル酸ジ−n−ノニル、フマル酸ジ−n−デシル、フマル酸ジ−n−ウンデシル、フマル酸ジ−n−ドデシル、フマル酸ジ−n−トリデシル、フマル酸ジ−n−テトラデシル、フマル酸ジ−n−ペンタデシル、フマル酸ジ−n−ヘキサデシル、フマル酸ジ−n−ヘプタデシル、フマル酸ジ−n−オクタデシル、フマル酸ジ−n−ノナデシル、フマル酸ジ−n−イコシル、フマル酸ジシクロヘキシル、フマル酸エチル−メチル、フマル酸エチル−n−プロピル、フマル酸エチル−i−プロピル、フマル酸エチル−n−ブチル、フマル酸エチル−i−ブチル、フマル酸エチル−t−ブチル、フマル酸エチル−n−アミル、フマル酸エチル−i−アミル、フマル酸エチル−n−ヘキシル、フマル酸エチル−n−ヘプチル、フマル酸エチル−n−オクチル、フマル酸エチル−(2−エチルヘキシル)、フマル酸エチル−n−ノニル、フマル酸エチル−n−デシル、フマル酸エチル−n−ウンデシル、フマル酸エチル−n−ドデシル、フマル酸エチル−n−トリデシル、フマル酸エチル−n−テトラデシル、フマル酸エチル−n−ペンタデシル、フマル酸エチル−n−ヘキサデシル、フマル酸エチル−n−ヘプタデシル、フマル酸エチル−n−オクタデシル、フマル酸エチル−n−ノナデシル、フマル酸エチル−n−イコシル、フマル酸エチル−シクロヘキシル等のフマル酸ジエステル化合物が挙げられる。これらの中でも、フマル酸ジ−t−ブチル、フマル酸ビス(2−エチルヘキシル)、フマル酸エチル−t−ブチル、フマル酸ジ−i−ブチル、フマル酸ジ−i−プロピル、フマル酸ジ−t−ブチル等が好ましく、特にフマル酸ビス(2−エチルヘキシル)、フマル酸ジ−t−ブチル、フマル酸ジ−i−プロピルが好ましい。 Specific examples of the fumaric acid ester compound represented by the general formula (1) include monomethyl fumarate, monoethyl fumarate, mono-n-propyl fumarate, dimono-i-propyl fumarate, and monofumarate. -N-butyl, mono-i-butyl fumarate, mono-t-butyl fumarate, mono-n-amyl fumarate, mono-i-amyl fumarate, mono-n-hexyl fumarate, mono-n fumarate -Heptyl, mono-n-octyl fumarate, mono-2-ethylhexyl fumarate, mono-n-nonyl fumarate, mono-n-decyl fumarate, mono-n-undecyl fumarate, mono-n-dodecyl fumarate , Mono-n-tridecyl fumarate, mono-n-tetradecyl fumarate, mono-n-pentadecyl fumarate, mono-n-hexadecyl fumarate, fumarate Mono -n- heptadecyl, fumaric acid mono -n- octadecyl, fumaric acid mono -n- nonadecyl, fumaric acid mono -n- eicosyl, fumaric acid monoester compounds such as fumaric acid mono cyclohexyl. Further, dimethyl fumarate, diethyl fumarate, di-n-propyl fumarate, di-i-propyl fumarate, di-n-butyl fumarate, di-i-butyl fumarate, di-t-butyl fumarate, Di-n-amyl fumarate, di-i-amyl fumarate, di-n-hexyl fumarate, di-n-heptyl fumarate, di-n-octyl fumarate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) fumarate, fumarate Di-n-nonyl acid, di-n-decyl fumarate, di-n-undecyl fumarate, di-n-dodecyl fumarate, di-n-tridecyl fumarate, di-n-tetradecyl fumarate, di-fumarate -N-pentadecyl, di-n-hexadecyl fumarate, di-n-heptadecyl fumarate, di-n-octadecyl fumarate, di-n-nonadecyl fumarate, di-n-icosyl fumarate, fuma Dicyclohexyl acid, ethyl-methyl fumarate, ethyl-n-propyl fumarate, ethyl-i-propyl fumarate, ethyl-n-butyl fumarate, ethyl-i-butyl fumarate, ethyl-t-butyl fumarate, fumarate Ethyl n-amyl, ethyl fumarate-i-amyl, ethyl n-hexyl fumarate, ethyl n-heptyl fumarate, ethyl n-octyl fumarate, ethyl fumarate (2-ethylhexyl), fumarate Ethyl-n-nonyl, ethyl fumarate-n-decyl, ethyl n-undecyl fumarate, ethyl n-dodecyl fumarate, ethyl n-tridecyl fumarate, ethyl n-tetradecyl fumarate, ethyl fumarate -N-pentadecyl, ethyl fumarate-n-hexadecyl, ethyl fumarate-n-heptadecyl, fuma Ethyl -n- octadecyl, ethyl fumarate -n- nonadecyl, ethyl fumarate -n- eicosyl, ethyl fumarate - fumaric acid diester compounds such as cyclohexyl. Among these, di-t-butyl fumarate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) fumarate, ethyl-t-butyl fumarate, di-i-butyl fumarate, di-i-propyl fumarate, di-t fumarate -Butyl and the like are preferable, and bis (2-ethylhexyl) fumarate, di-t-butyl fumarate, and di-i-propyl fumarate are particularly preferable.

本発明は、エステル部位の構造が単純なアルキル鎖をもつフマル酸エステル化合物を用いて光重合させることができる点に特徴を有している。 The present invention is characterized in that it can be photopolymerized using a fumaric acid ester compound having an alkyl chain with a simple ester site structure.

本発明において、上記一般式(1)で表されるフマル酸エステル化合物を光重合させる際に用いる重合開始剤としては、水素引き抜き型の光重合開始剤を用いることもできるし、光を照射することにより化合物が分解しラジカルを発生する分子内開裂型の光重合開始剤を用いることもできる。 In the present invention, as a polymerization initiator used for photopolymerizing the fumaric acid ester compound represented by the general formula (1), a hydrogen abstraction type photopolymerization initiator can be used, or light is irradiated. Thus, an intramolecular cleavage type photopolymerization initiator that decomposes the compound and generates radicals can also be used.

このような分子内開裂型の光重合開始剤としては、例えば、2,2−ジメトキシ−1,2−ジフェニルエタン−1−オン(商品名「イルガキュア651」、ビー・エー・エス・エフ社製、イルガキュアはビー・エー・エス・エフ社の登録商標)等のベンジルメチルケタール類、1−ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン(商品名「イルガキュア184」、ビー・エー・エス・エフ社製)、2−ヒドロキシ−2−メチル−1−フェニルプロパン−1−オン(商品名「ダロキュア1173」、ビー・エー・エス・エフ社製、ダロキュアはビー・エー・エス・エフ社の登録商標)、1−[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)−フェニル]−2−ヒドロキシ−2−メチル−1−プロパン−1−オン(商品名「イルガキュア2959」、ビー・エー・エス・エフ社製)、2−ヒドロキシ−1−{4−[4−(2−ヒドロキシ−2−メチルプロピオニル)−ベンジル]フェニル}−2−メチル−1−オン(商品名「イルガキュア127」、ビー・エー・エス・エフ社製)等のα−ヒドロキシアルキルフェノン類、2−メチル−1−[4−(メチルチオ)フェニル]−2−モルフォリノプロパン−1−オン(商品名「イルガキュア907」、ビー・エー・エス・エフ社製)、2−ベンジル−2−ジメチルアミノ−1−(4−モルフォリノフェニル)−ブタノン−1(商品名「イルガキュア369」、ビー・エー・エス・エフ社製)等のα−アミノアセトフェノン類、アセトフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−2−フェニルアセトフェノン、2−エトキシ−2−フェニルアセトフェノン、2−メトキシ−2−フェニルアセトフェノン、2−イソプロポキシ−2−フェニルアセトフェノン、2−イソブトキシ−2−フェニルアセトフェノン等のアセトフェノン類、ベンジル、4,4’−ジメトキシベンジル等のベンジル類、2−エチルアントラキノン、2−t−ブチルアントラキノン等のアントラキノン類、ビス(2,4,6−トリメチルベンゾイル)−フェニルホスフィンオキサイド、2,4,6−トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルホスフィンオキサイド(商品名「イルガキュアTPO」、ビー・エー・エス・エフ社製)等のホスフィンオキサイド類、1,2−オクタンジオン1−[4−(フェニルチオ)−2−(o−ベンゾイルオキシム)]や1−[9−エチル−6−(2−メチルベンゾイル)−9H−カルバゾール−3−イル]−1−(o−アセチルオキシム)等の(ケト)オキシムエステル類等の他、チタノセン類、ベンゾフェノン類、イミダゾール誘導体、ビスイミダゾール誘導体、N−アリールグリシン誘導体、有機アジド化合物、アルミナート錯体、有機過酸化物、N−アルコキシピリジニウム塩、チオキサントン誘導体等を挙げることができる。もちろん本発明の趣旨を超えなければこれらの例に限定されるものではない。これらは単独でも用いられるし、2種以上を併用しても良い。 As such an intramolecular cleavage type photopolymerization initiator, for example, 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one (trade name “Irgacure 651”, manufactured by BSF Corporation) , Irgacure is a registered trademark of BSF, Inc., benzylmethylketals, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (trade name “Irgacure 184”, manufactured by BSF, Inc.), 2-hydroxy 2-Methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one (trade name “Darocur 1173”, manufactured by BASF, Darocur is a registered trademark of BASF), 1- [4 -(2-hydroxyethoxy) -phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one (trade name “Irgacure 2959”, BA Manufactured by SEF Co., Ltd.), 2-hydroxy-1- {4- [4- (2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionyl) -benzyl] phenyl} -2-methyl-1-one (trade name “Irgacure 127”, Α-hydroxyalkylphenones such as BASF), 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one (trade name “Irgacure 907”) , Manufactured by BSF Corporation), 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1 (trade name “Irgacure 369”, BSF Corporation) Α-aminoacetophenones, acetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2-ethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2-methoxy-2 Acetophenones such as phenylacetophenone, 2-isopropoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2-isobutoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, benzyls such as benzyl, 4,4′-dimethoxybenzyl, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2-t-butyl Anthraquinones such as anthraquinone, bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide (trade name “Irgacure TPO”, manufactured by BASF Corporation ) Phosphine oxides such as 1,2-octanedione 1- [4- (phenylthio) -2- (o-benzoyloxime)] and 1- [9-ethyl-6- (2-methylbenzoyl) -9H- Carbazol-3-yl] -1- (o- (Keto) oxime esters such as cetyloxime), titanocenes, benzophenones, imidazole derivatives, bisimidazole derivatives, N-arylglycine derivatives, organic azide compounds, aluminate complexes, organic peroxides, N-alkoxys Examples thereof include pyridinium salts and thioxanthone derivatives. Of course, the present invention is not limited to these examples as long as the gist of the present invention is not exceeded. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

光重合開始剤を用いる場合の使用量は、本発明の光重合性組成物中の一般式(1)で表されるフマル酸エステル化合物に対して通常0.001重量%以上、20重量%以下の範囲で用いることができ、好ましくは0.01重量%以上、10重量%以下の範囲で用いられる。またこれらは単独で用いることもできるし2種以上を併用しても良い。 The amount used in the case of using the photopolymerization initiator is usually 0.001 wt% or more and 20 wt% or less with respect to the fumaric acid ester compound represented by the general formula (1) in the photopolymerizable composition of the present invention. It is preferably used in the range of 0.01% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

(その他の成分)
また、本発明の光重合性組成物には必要に応じて溶媒を加えることもできる。用いる溶媒は特に限定はないが、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、シクロヘキサン、デカリン等の炭化水素系化合物、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素、ジクロロメタン等のハロゲン置換炭化水素、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族系化合物、クロロベンゼン等のハロゲン置換芳香族、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、テトラヒドロピラン、ジオキサン、プロピレングリコールモノメトキシアセテート、ジグライム等のエーテル系化合物、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン等のケトン系化合物、N−メチルピロリドン等の窒素原子含有化合物、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル等のエステル系化合物等が好適に用いられる。
(Other ingredients)
Moreover, a solvent can also be added to the photopolymerizable composition of the present invention as necessary. The solvent to be used is not particularly limited, but hydrocarbon compounds such as hexane, heptane, cyclohexane and decalin, halogen-substituted hydrocarbons such as chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and dichloromethane, aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene and xylene, chlorobenzene Halogen-substituted aromatics such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, dioxane, propylene glycol monomethoxy acetate, diglyme and other ether compounds, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone and other ketone compounds, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc. The nitrogen atom-containing compounds, and ester compounds such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate are preferably used.

(光重合性組成物の重合、硬化)
本発明の光重合性組成物は、光照射することにより容易に重合、硬化させることができる。また、本発明に係る光重合性組成物は種々の方法で重合、硬化させることが可能である。例えば、適当な基材上に塗布したものや、該光重合性組成物をスペーサを配したガラス板等にはさみこんだもの等に光を照射して塗膜やフィルム、シートを得ることができる。また、光を透過するような型に該光重合性組成物を流しいれたもの等に光を照射することにより重合、硬化した成型物が得られる。また、該光重合性組成物を塗布しその後適当なパターンを有するマスクを介して光を照射することにより、パターンに応じた重合、硬化を行うこともできる。さらには、インクジェットプリンターのノズルから吐出された光重合性組成物に光を照射することにより基材上に塗布された組成物を重合、硬化させるもしくは組成物を重合させながら立体物の成形を行うこともできる。
(Polymerization and curing of photopolymerizable composition)
The photopolymerizable composition of the present invention can be easily polymerized and cured by light irradiation. The photopolymerizable composition according to the present invention can be polymerized and cured by various methods. For example, a coating film, a film, or a sheet can be obtained by irradiating light on a material coated on a suitable base material, or a material in which the photopolymerizable composition is sandwiched between glass plates provided with spacers. . In addition, a polymerized and cured molded product can be obtained by irradiating light onto a mold that transmits light to a mold that transmits light. In addition, by applying the photopolymerizable composition and then irradiating light through a mask having an appropriate pattern, polymerization and curing according to the pattern can be performed. Further, the photopolymerizable composition discharged from the nozzle of the ink jet printer is irradiated with light to polymerize and cure the composition applied on the substrate, or to form a three-dimensional object while polymerizing the composition. You can also.

さらに、該光重合性組成物をフラスコ等の適当な反応器に仕込み必要に応じて撹拌を行いながら光照射することにより反応器内での光重合性化合物の光重合を行うことができる。これら光照射による重合は不活性雰囲気下で行っても良いし、通常の大気下で実施してもかまわない。例えば、本発明の光重合性組成物中にラジカル重合性化合物を含む場合不活性雰囲気下で光重合させることにより、発生するラジカルが酸素により消費されにくくなり重合が効率的に進行する場合がある。 Furthermore, photopolymerization of the photopolymerizable compound in the reactor can be performed by charging the photopolymerizable composition into a suitable reactor such as a flask and irradiating it with stirring as necessary. The polymerization by light irradiation may be performed in an inert atmosphere or may be performed in a normal atmosphere. For example, in the case where the photopolymerizable composition of the present invention contains a radically polymerizable compound, the photopolymerization under an inert atmosphere may cause the generated radicals to be hardly consumed by oxygen and the polymerization may proceed efficiently. .

(光源)
本発明におけるエネルギー線の照射の際に用いられる光源としては、波長が300〜500nmの波長の光を含む光源を使用することが好ましい。複数の波長成分を含む光源でもよいし、またLEDやレーザ光を用いるものでいわゆる単色光を発する光源でも構わない。具体的には、高圧水銀ランプ、超高圧水銀メタルハライドランプ、ガリウムドープドランプ、マイクロ波励起方式UVランプ(例えば、フュージョン(株)製のHバルブ、Dバルブ、Vバルブ)、365nm、375nm、385nm、395nm、405nm、436nm等の波長の光を発するLEDランプ又はレーザ光等が挙げられる。太陽光や白熱灯や蛍光灯等の照明器具の光の使用も可能である。特に、365nm、375nm、385nm、395nm、405nm、436nm等の波長の光を発するLEDランプが好ましい。
(light source)
As the light source used in the energy ray irradiation in the present invention, it is preferable to use a light source including light having a wavelength of 300 to 500 nm. A light source including a plurality of wavelength components may be used, or a light source that uses an LED or laser light and emits so-called monochromatic light may be used. Specifically, a high pressure mercury lamp, an ultra high pressure mercury metal halide lamp, a gallium doped lamp, a microwave excitation type UV lamp (for example, H bulb, D bulb, V bulb manufactured by Fusion Co., Ltd.), 365 nm, 375 nm, 385 nm, Examples thereof include an LED lamp that emits light having a wavelength of 395 nm, 405 nm, 436 nm, or laser light. It is also possible to use light from lighting fixtures such as sunlight, incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. In particular, LED lamps that emit light having wavelengths of 365 nm, 375 nm, 385 nm, 395 nm, 405 nm, 436 nm, and the like are preferable.

(光重合性組成物の用途)
本発明に係る光重合性組成物は、エネルギー線の照射によって反応、重合、硬化させることができるコーティング剤、塗料、インク、成型材等に用いることができる。具体的には金属や樹脂、ガラス、紙、木材等の基材上に塗布する塗料、ハードコート剤、汚れ防止膜、反射防止膜、衝撃緩衝膜、オーバーコート剤等のコーティング剤や保護膜材料、光硬化型の接着剤、粘着剤、光崩壊・分解型の塗料、塗膜、成型物、さらに、ホログラム材料等の光記録媒体又は光記録媒体向け材料、光造形用樹脂、3Dプリンタ用インク(樹脂)、電子回路や半導体製造用レジスト、液晶ディスプレイ、有機ELディスプレイ等のディスプレイ向けカラーフィルター用レジスト、ブラックマトリックス用レジスト、ドライフィルムレジスト等の電子材料向けレジスト、層間絶縁膜、保護膜、光取り出し膜、封止剤、シール材、スクリーン印刷・オフセット印刷・グラビア印刷等の印刷用インク、インクジェットプリンター向けの光硬化型インク、レーザパタニング用組成物、レンズ、レンズアレイ、光導波路、導光板、光拡散板、回折素子、光学用接着剤等の光学部材、ナノインプリンティング用材料等の種々の用途への適用が可能である。本発明の光重合増感剤組成物及び光重合性組成物は、その重合物、硬化物の着色が抑制されうることから特に、LCDや有機ELディスプレイのような映像関連デバイスやタッチパネル、レンズ等光学素子に用いるOCA(Optically Clear Adhesive)やOCR(Optical Clear Resin)等をはじめとする接着剤、粘着剤、コーティング剤等に好適に用いられる。
(Use of photopolymerizable composition)
The photopolymerizable composition according to the present invention can be used for coating agents, paints, inks, molding materials and the like that can be reacted, polymerized, and cured by irradiation with energy rays. Specifically, coating materials and protective film materials such as paints, hard coat agents, antifouling films, antireflection films, impact buffer films, overcoat agents, etc., which are applied onto substrates such as metals, resins, glass, paper, and wood , Photo-curing adhesives, pressure-sensitive adhesives, photo-disintegration / decomposition-type paints, coating films, molded products, optical recording media such as hologram materials or materials for optical recording media, resin for optical modeling, ink for 3D printers (Resins), resists for electronic circuits and semiconductor manufacturing, resists for color filters for displays such as liquid crystal displays and organic EL displays, resists for electronic materials such as resists for black matrix, dry film resists, interlayer insulation films, protective films, light Extraction film, sealant, sealing material, printing ink for screen printing, offset printing, gravure printing, inkjet printer Various applications such as optical photocurable ink, composition for laser patterning, lens, lens array, optical waveguide, light guide plate, light diffusion plate, diffraction element, optical adhesive, etc., nanoimprinting material, etc. Application to is possible. Since the photopolymerization sensitizer composition and the photopolymerizable composition of the present invention can suppress coloring of the polymer or cured product, in particular, image-related devices such as LCDs and organic EL displays, touch panels, lenses, etc. It is suitably used for adhesives such as OCA (Optically Clear Adhesive) and OCR (Optical Clear Resin) used for optical elements, adhesives, coating agents and the like.

以下、本発明をより具体的に説明するためにいくつかの実施例を示す。ただし、本発明の範囲はこれら実施例の範囲に限定されるものではない。 In the following, some examples are given to more specifically explain the present invention. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope of these examples.

<光DSC測定>
本実施例において、光DSC測定は下記のようにして行った。DSC測定装置は日立ハイテク社製XDSC−7000を用い、それに光DSC測定用ユニットを装着し光を照射しながらDSC測定ができるよう設えた。
<Optical DSC measurement>
In this example, optical DSC measurement was performed as follows. The DSC measurement apparatus was an XDSC-7000 manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Co., Ltd., and an optical DSC measurement unit was attached to the DSC measurement apparatus so that DSC measurement could be performed while irradiating light.

光照射用の光源は、林時計工業社製LA−410UVを用い、バンドパスフィルターで405nm光又は365nm光を取り出してサンプルに照射できるようにした。光の照度は50mW/cm、もしくは10mW・cmとした。光源の光はグラスファイバーを用いてサンプル上部まで導けるようにし、光照射開始と同時にDSC測定ができるよう光源のシャッターをトリガー制御できるようにした。 As a light source for light irradiation, LA-410UV manufactured by Hayashi Watch Industry Co., Ltd. was used, and 405 nm light or 365 nm light was extracted with a band pass filter so that the sample could be irradiated. The illuminance of light was 50 mW / cm 2 or 10 mW · cm 2 . The light from the light source can be guided to the top of the sample using a glass fiber, and the shutter of the light source can be trigger controlled so that DSC measurement can be performed simultaneously with the start of light irradiation.

光DSCの測定は、サンプルを1mg程度測定用アルミパンの中に精秤し、DSC測定部に収めたのち光DSCユニットを装着した。その後測定部内を窒素雰囲気に保ち5分間静置して、測定を開始した。測定は通常光を照射しながら10分間継続した。一回目の測定後、サンプルはそのままで、再度同条件で測定を行い、一回目の測定結果から二回目の測定結果を差し引いた値を該サンプルの測定結果とした。結果は特に断らない限り光照射後2分間におけるサンプル1mgあたりの総発熱量で比較した。測定条件によっては2分間で光反応が完結しない場合もあるが光照射初期の反応挙動を比較するために2分間の総発熱量で比較した。 For optical DSC measurement, a sample was precisely weighed in an aluminum pan for measurement of about 1 mg, placed in a DSC measurement unit, and then an optical DSC unit was mounted. Thereafter, the measurement part was kept in a nitrogen atmosphere and allowed to stand for 5 minutes to start measurement. The measurement was continued for 10 minutes with normal light irradiation. After the first measurement, the sample was left as it was, and the measurement was performed again under the same conditions. The value obtained by subtracting the second measurement result from the first measurement result was taken as the measurement result of the sample. The results were compared by the total calorific value per 1 mg of sample in 2 minutes after light irradiation unless otherwise specified. Depending on the measurement conditions, the photoreaction may not be completed in 2 minutes, but in order to compare the reaction behavior at the initial stage of light irradiation, the total calorific value for 2 minutes was compared.

光照射に伴ってサンプル(光重合性組成物)の重合が生じた場合、重合に伴う反応熱が生ずるが光DSCではその反応熱を測定することができる。そのため、光DSCによって光照射による重合進行の状況が測定できることになる。本実施例では光照射後2分間の総発熱量を測定し、モノマーのモル重合熱から求まる、サンプルの理論発熱量を用いて、重合率(%)を算出した。この重合率が大きいほど重合が効率的に進行していると考えることができる。 When polymerization of a sample (photopolymerizable composition) occurs with light irradiation, reaction heat is generated along with the polymerization, but the reaction heat can be measured by optical DSC. Therefore, the progress of polymerization by light irradiation can be measured by optical DSC. In this example, the total calorific value for 2 minutes after light irradiation was measured, and the polymerization rate (%) was calculated using the theoretical calorific value of the sample obtained from the molar polymerization heat of the monomer. It can be considered that the polymerization proceeds more efficiently as the polymerization rate increases.

「実施例1」
フマル酸エステル化合物として、フマル酸ジ−t−ブチルを0.1重量部、溶媒として、N−メチルピロリドンを0.4重量部、光重合開始剤として、2,4,6−トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルホスフィンオキサイド(商品名「イルガキュアTPO」、ビー・エー・エス・エフ社製)0.005重量部を室温で撹拌しながら固形分が消失するまで混合し光重合性組成物を得た。当該光重合性組成物1mg程度を精秤し、測定用アルミパンの中にいれ、波長405nmの光を照度は50mW/cmの強度の光を照射しながら該光重合性組成物の光DSC測定を行った。照射してから2分後の該光重合性組成物の発熱量と該フマル酸エステル化合物のモル重合熱から重合率(%)を算出した。その結果を表1に示した。
"Example 1"
As a fumarate compound, 0.1 part by weight of di-t-butyl fumarate, 0.4 part by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone as a solvent, and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine as a photopolymerization initiator A photopolymerizable composition was obtained by mixing 0.005 parts by weight of oxide (trade name “Irgacure TPO”, manufactured by BSF Corporation) with stirring at room temperature until the solid content disappeared. About 1 mg of the photopolymerizable composition is precisely weighed, placed in an aluminum pan for measurement, and light DSC of the photopolymerizable composition is irradiated while irradiating light having a wavelength of 405 nm with an intensity of 50 mW / cm 2. Measurements were made. The polymerization rate (%) was calculated from the calorific value of the photopolymerizable composition 2 minutes after irradiation and the molar polymerization heat of the fumaric acid ester compound. The results are shown in Table 1.

「実施例2〜6」
フマル酸エステル化合物として、実施例1のフマル酸ジ−t−ブチルに代えて実施例2ではフマル酸ビス(2−エチルヘキシル)を、実施例3ではフマル酸エチル−t−ブチルを、実施例4ではフマル酸ジ−i−ブチルを、実施例5ではフマル酸ジ−i−プロピルを、実施例6ではフマル酸ジブチルを実施例7ではフマル酸モノエチルをそれぞれ用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、光DSC測定を行った。その結果を表1に示した。
"Examples 2 to 6"
As a fumarate ester compound, instead of di-t-butyl fumarate of Example 1, bis (2-ethylhexyl) fumarate was used in Example 2, ethyl-t-butyl fumarate was used in Example 3, and Example 4 was used. In Example 5, except that di-i-butyl fumarate was used, di-i-propyl fumarate was used in Example 5, dibutyl fumarate was used in Example 6, and monoethyl fumarate was used in Example 7. Then, optical DSC measurement was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

「比較例1」
実施例1〜7においてフマル酸エステル化合物の代わりに、アクリル酸−i−ブチルを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様に組成物を調合し、同様の条件で、光DSC測定を行った。その結果を表1に示した。
"Comparative Example 1"
A composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that acrylic acid-i-butyl was used instead of the fumaric acid ester compound in Examples 1 to 7, and optical DSC measurement was performed under the same conditions. The results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2018193411
Figure 2018193411

実施例1〜6と比較例1を比べることにより明らかなように、フマル酸エステル化合物の2分間の重合率が比較例のアクリル酸エステルに比べてすべての例において大きいか又は同等であることがわかる。よって、本発明のエステル部位の構造が単純なアルキル鎖をもつフマル酸エステル化合物でも、ポリマー原料として好適に用いられるアクリル酸−i−ブチルのようなアクリル酸エステルと同様、高い重合率でフマル酸エステルホモポリマーを製造することができる。 As is clear by comparing Examples 1 to 6 with Comparative Example 1, the two-minute polymerization rate of the fumaric acid ester compound is greater or equal in all examples compared to the acrylic acid ester of the comparative example. Recognize. Therefore, even in the fumaric acid ester compound having a simple alkyl chain in the structure of the ester moiety of the present invention, fumaric acid has a high polymerization rate as in the case of an acrylic acid ester such as acrylate-i-butyl which is preferably used as a polymer raw material. Ester homopolymers can be produced.

Claims (3)

少なくとも一般式(1)で表されるフマル酸エステル化合物と、光重合開始剤を含有する光重合性組成物を、波長範囲が365nmから405nmのエネルギー線を照射することにより、光重合することを特徴とするフマル酸エステルホモポリマーの製造方法。
Figure 2018193411
(上記一般式(1)において、R、Rは、水素原子又は炭素数1から20のアルキル基のいずれかを表す。ただし、R及びRが共に水素原子となることはない。)
Photopolymerization of a photopolymerizable composition containing at least a fumaric acid ester compound represented by the general formula (1) and a photopolymerization initiator by irradiating energy rays having a wavelength range of 365 nm to 405 nm. A method for producing a characteristic fumaric acid ester homopolymer.
Figure 2018193411
(In the general formula (1), R 1 and R 2 represent either a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. However, R 1 and R 2 are not both hydrogen atoms. )
エネルギー線を照射する光源がUV−LEDである請求項1に記載のフマル酸エステルホモポリマーの製造方法。 The method for producing a fumarate ester homopolymer according to claim 1, wherein the light source for irradiating energy rays is a UV-LED. UV−LEDが385nmUV−LED、395nmUV−LED、405nmUV−LEDのいずれかである請求項2に記載のフマル酸エステルホモポリマーの製造方法。 The method for producing a fumarate ester homopolymer according to claim 2, wherein the UV-LED is any one of 385 nm UV-LED, 395 nm UV-LED, and 405 nm UV-LED.
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JP2004168915A (en) * 2002-11-20 2004-06-17 Nof Corp Photo-curable resin composition and cured product
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JP2002322221A (en) * 2001-04-27 2002-11-08 Nof Corp Photosetting high molecular insulating material, method of producing the same, electronics-related substrate and electronic parts
JP2003231666A (en) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-19 Chisso Corp Fumaric acid diester and liquid crystal polymer therefrom
JP2004168915A (en) * 2002-11-20 2004-06-17 Nof Corp Photo-curable resin composition and cured product
JP2005097544A (en) * 2003-08-20 2005-04-14 Tosoh Corp Plastic substrate for display and display element
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